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Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021 May 12;219:112321. Epub 2021 May 12.

School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China. Electronic address:

Slag tailings are produced by "cooling-grinding-ball milling-flotation" and other processes of slag, while slag is produced by the flash smelting of the original ore. The utilization and environmental hazards of arsenic in slag tailings have become a focus of attention. This study on slag tailings reveals the presence of arsenic in copper smelting tailings from the mineralogy and leaching perspectives, and the noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of arsenic to the human body were assessed by using the USEPA health risk model. Read More

Differentiation 2021 Apr 30;119:10-18. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Transcription factor p63 has critical functions in epidermal, hindgut/anorectal, and limb development. Human mutations in P63 correlate with congenital syndromes affecting the skin, anorectal, and limbs. Nevertheless, less are detected regarding networks and functions controlled by P63 mutations in dermal fibroblasts, which are closely related to skin physiology. Read More

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2021 Apr 15;100(4):115389. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington, WV.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a considerable pathogen in the setting of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). MRSA PCR swab testing is widely used in the setting of respiratory tract infections, however little data exists relating to the use of MRSA PCR swab testing in SSTIs. Three thousand, nine hundred and ninety-five patients were included in this retrospective study that aimed to validate the clinical correlation of MRSA PCR wound swab testing in SSTIs through sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) analysis. Read More

Vet Microbiol 2021 May 8;258:109105. Epub 2021 May 8.

Veterinary Immunology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China. Electronic address:

Orf is an epithelial zoonotic infectious disease caused by orf virus (ORFV). Mounting studies have shown that IL-17-driven neutrophil inflammation plays a central role in inflammatory skin diseases. However, whether IL-17 plays a similar role and how does it work in the pathogenesis of orf is unclear. Read More

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021 May 12:102340. Epub 2021 May 12.

Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

In recent years, 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) has rapidly evolved and has been widely applied in the treatment of skin diseases in China. To further standardize, guide, and promote the clinical applications of ALA-PDT in dermatology, the Chinese Society of Dermatology, Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Dermatology, Photomedicine Therapeutic Equipment Group of Committee on Skin Disease, and Cosmetic Dermatology of China Association of Medical Equipment chose relevant experts engaged in ALA-PDT to revise and update the first edition of "Clinical application of 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy: an expert consensus statement" and establish this edition of guidelines, to provide a reference for Chinese dermatologists in clinical practice. In the guideline, the expert group reached relatively consistent opinions on ALA-PDT with regard to the mechanisms of action, therapeutic protocol, clinical applications, adverse reactions and countermeasures, precautions, care, and efficacy evaluation. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021 May 12. Epub 2021 May 12.

Senior Staff Immunologist and Immunopathologist, Immunology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5000. Electronic address:

Background: The mechanisms underpinning allergic reactions to the BNT162b2 (Pfizer) COVID-19 vaccine remain unknown, with polyethylene glycol (PEG) contained in the lipid nanoparticle suspected as being the cause.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of skin testing and basophil activation testing to PEG, polysorbate 80, BNT162b2 and AZD1222 (Astra-Zeneca) COVID-19 vaccines in patients with a history of PEG allergy.

Methods: Three known PEG allergic participants and three healthy controls were recruited, and evaluated for hypersensitivity to the BNT162b2 and AZD1222 vaccines and related compounds by skin testing and basophil activation measured by CD63 upregulation using flow cytometry. Read More

Life Sci 2021 May 12:119609. Epub 2021 May 12.

Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Gulf War illness (GWI) is a chronic and multi-symptomatic disorder affecting veterans who served in the Gulf War. The commonly reported symptoms in GWI veterans include mood problems, cognitive impairment, muscle and joint pain, migraine/headache, chronic fatigue, gastrointestinal complaints, skin rashes, and respiratory problems. Neuroimaging studies have revealed significant brain structure alterations in GWI veterans, including subcortical atrophy, decreased volume of the hippocampus, reduced total grey and white matter, and increased brain white matter axial diffusivity. Read More

Am J Hum Genet 2021 May 10. Epub 2021 May 10.

Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium. Electronic address:

Latent transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-binding proteins (LTBPs) are microfibril-associated proteins essential for anchoring TGFβ in the extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as for correct assembly of ECM components. Variants in LTBP2, LTBP3, and LTBP4 have been identified in several autosomal recessive Mendelian disorders with skeletal abnormalities with or without impaired development of elastin-rich tissues. Thus far, the human phenotype associated with LTBP1 deficiency has remained enigmatic. Read More

Physiol Rep 2021 May;9(9):e14853

Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.

Previously, we demonstrated that global knockout (KO) of the gene encoding myelin protein zero-like 3 (Mpzl3) results in reduced body weight and adiposity, increased energy expenditure, and reduced hepatic lipid synthesis in mice. These mice also exhibit cyclic and progressive alopecia which may contribute to the observed hypermetabolic phenotype. The goal of the current study was to determine if acute and peripherally restricted knockdown of Mpzl3 could ameliorate the negative metabolic effects of exposure to a high-fat and sucrose, energy-dense (HED) diet similar to what was observed in global Mpzl3 KO mice in the absence of a skin phenotype. Read More

J Anat 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Institute of Clinical Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

The surgical strategy in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) aims to recreate the symmetry of the torso. This requires the minimisation of both the size of the scoliosis and the angulation between the sides of the torso, along with the recreation of a normal thoracic kyphosis. This study uses predictive modelling to identify the significance of the value of the pre-operative parameters, and the change in the magnitude of the parameters as a result of an operation on the shape of the torso using the 'most prominent points'; two areas of maximum prominence on either side of the spine with x, y and z coordinates. Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021 May 15:e29115. Epub 2021 May 15.

Hematology/Oncology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Targeted therapies with MAPK inhibitors have proven to modulate the clinical manifestations of patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). We explored the presence of BRAF mutation in our cohort of patients with LCH and cholestasis, sclerosing cholangitis, or liver fibrosis that presented resistance to chemotherapy. The BRAF mutation was detected either in the diagnosis (skin and bone) or liver biopsy in our cohort of 13 patients. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

College of Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology.

Sunscreens have been used as photoprotective agents to prevent photoaging, photocarcinogenesis and photodermatoses. However, a recent study found that a significant proportion of patients are uneducated about proper sunscreen use, with about 40% of the patients unaware about the minimum sun protection factor (SPF) requirement set by the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD). Another study based on consumer reviews on Amazon. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea.

Background: Skin is continuously exposed to oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the ultraviolet (UV) light, and it is important to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Carbonylated proteins (CPs) are candidate markers of oxidative modification as a result from the ROS. We aimed to develop the CPs based method to assess the efficacy of antioxidants in human skin. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2021 May 15:e14978. Epub 2021 May 15.

Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Ferrara, Italy.

Tetracyclines are a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics largely employed in infectious, dermatological and surgical fields. Some adverse events may occur during treatment, including photosensitivity reactions, which are divided in phototoxic or photoallergic. We performed a systematic search on Pubmed, Cochrane and Embase from database inception to 9 Aug 2020 aim to summarize all available papers on photosensitive reactions related to Tetracyclines in all clinical settings where they are used on human being. Read More

Trop Med Int Health 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.

Objectives: To report on an active case finding (ACF) intervention that took place in the migrant camp of Oinofyta, Greece, upon suspicion of active TB transmission.

Methods: Upon diagnosis of 3 TB cases among camp residents, an ACF intervention among contacts was implemented. All camp residents were offered two-step screening, i. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Mersin University, School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by a flagellated protozoan transmitted by the bite of a female sandfly. The clinical and demographic details of this disease, predominantly affecting immunocompetent individuals, are recognized by the WHO as a Neglected Tropical Disease. We sought to determine the usability of CD1a immunohistochemical staining to detect amastigotes especially in cases where leishmaniasis is suspected but evident amastigotes could not observed. Read More

Clin Exp Allergy 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Dept. of Dermatology & Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Severe reactions in IgE-mediated food-allergic patients can occur within minutes after ingestion, but the eliciting mechanism(s), linking the amount of allergenic food to the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, are yet unknown. Quantification of IgE reactive allergenic food in circulation is a prerequisite for understanding the kinetics of the allergic immune response, and has been attempted based upon poly-/monoclonal antibody recognition of wheat , cow's milk , and peanut allergens. Read More

Am J Hematol 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

Relapsed/refractory (R/R) Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) and lymphoid blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia (LBP-CML) have poor outcomes. We designed a phase 1/2 study combining inotuzumab ozogamicin with bosutinib for this patient population. Patients with T315I mutation were excluded. Read More

Allergy 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Department of Pediatrics, Allergy and Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of peanut allergy is a significant clinical challenge. Here, a novel diagnostic blood test using the peanut Bead-Based Epitope Assay ("peanut BBEA") was developed utilizing the LEAP cohort and then validated using two independent cohorts.

Methods: The development of the peanut BBEA diagnostic test followed the National Academy of Medicine's established guidelines with discovery performed on 133 subjects from the non-interventional arm of the LEAP trial and an independent validation performed on 82 subjects from the CoFAR2 and 84 subjects from the POISED study. Read More

Br J Dermatol 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

IUF - Leibniz Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Background: Melanism is more frequent in animals living in polluted areas at urban-industrial sites. Given that a growing part of the human population is exposed to elevated air pollution levels, we wondered if environmental pollutants might affect melanogenesis in human skin likewise. Epidemiological studies in Caucasians and East Asians indeed showed that exposure to traffic-related air pollutants such as Diesel Exhaust Particles (DEP) is associated with more clinical signs of hyperpigmentation. Read More

Arch Dermatol Res 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, 1 Medical Plaza Drive, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA.

Background: Machine learning (ML) has been increasingly utilized for skin cancer screening, primarily of melanomas but also of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC).

Objective: This study presents the first quantitative review of the success of these techniques in NMSC screening.

Methods: A primary literature search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and arXiv, capturing all articles involving ML techniques and NMSC screening. Read More

Int Urogynecol J 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Croydon University Hospital, Thornton Heath, CR7 7YE, UK.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Secondary anal sphincter repair for a dehisced obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) is required following 2.6% of primary repairs. There is growing evidence that instead of delaying repair for 3-6 months, early secondary repair of the anal sphincter can be completed within 14 days. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.

We would like to present, according to the CARE guidelines, a case report of a surgeon who had been repeatedly exposed to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients and developed oral and skin lesions before typical respiratory symptoms of COVID-19 . Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Dermatology -IRCCS Policlinico di Sant'Orsola - Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES) Alma Mater, Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy.

Background: Scalp psoriasis is often undiagnosed or inadequately treated. The patient himself underestimates the seriousness of this hair disease and consults too late to a dermatologist.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to create a correlation between the clinical patterns and trichoscopy of scalp psoriasis such in a way to help the clinician to make the diagnosis and select the appropriate therapy. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Cancer and Population Studies, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Background: Skin cancer is strongly associated with photodamaged skin but body sites are often referred to as 'exposed' or 'unexposed' to sun without recognizing extent of site-specific variation.

Objectives: To assess whole-body patterns of photodamage in an Australian population.

Methods: A random sample of adult residents of Queensland underwent imaging across 10 body sites. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF) shows racial and regional differences in terms of clinical features. The availability of therapeutic options as well as drugs differs from one country to another. There are only limited data on the clinical characteristics and treatment experience of MF from South Korea. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2021 May 14:e14976. Epub 2021 May 14.

Department of Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China.

Anti-TNF treatment may be useful for patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of infliximab (IFX) in the management of IIMs. Two databases (ie, PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched up to Nov 2020 for studies investigating skin lesions and muscular weakness in patients with IIMs treated with IFX. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2021 May 15:e14979. Epub 2021 May 15.

Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate metabolic syndrome prevalence in patients with Alopecia Areata compared to controls.

Materials And Methods: Sixty eligible patients with Alopecia Areata and 60 healthy subjects frequency matched for age and sex attending to our referral dermatology clinics from 2015 to 2017 were enrolled. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components were compared between the two groups. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2021 May 14:e14980. Epub 2021 May 14.

Dermatology Department, Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Periorbital hyperpigmentation (POH) is a common aesthetic condition causing people referring to dermatology clinics. Although the therapeutic approach is steeply dependent to the etiology of POH, the gold standard approach of treatment is still a question. The current study is designed to compare the use of carboxytherapy vs platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the treatment of POH. Read More

Chembiochem 2021 May 14. Epub 2021 May 14.

Ghent University, Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, BELGIUM.

2-O-Glucosylglycerol is accumulated by various bacteria and plants in response to environmental stress. It is widely applied as a bioactive moisturising ingredient in skin care products, for which it is manufactured via enzymatic glucosylation of glycerol by the sucrose phosphorylase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. This industrial process is operated at room temperature due to the mediocre stability of the biocatalyst, often leading to microbial contamination. Read More