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Intern Med J 2019 Mar;49(3):396-399

Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.

The burden of skin infections across all age groups in remote Australian Indigenous communities is currently unknown. In a retrospective audit of 439 residents from two remote communities presenting to health clinics, skin conditions were the most common reason for presentation (1603/7392, 22%) and 330/439 (75%) residents presented at least once with a skin infection. Skin infections are an under-appreciated and dominant reason for presentation to primary healthcare centres in these indigenous communities and public health campaigns to address this should incorporate all age groups. Read More

J Trop Pediatr 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

São LeopldoMandic School of Medicine, Clinical Coordin of the Multi-professional Team of Nutritional Therapy at Clinics Hospital - University of Campinas São Paulo, Brazil.

Kwashiorkor in infancy is typically associated to an underlying disease. Edema, a striking feature of this type of malnutrition, can be difficult to assess in this age group. The typical dermatosis of Kwashiorkor is not fully explained the deficiency of one isolated vitamin or micronutrient. Read More

J Phys Condens Matter 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory, Monash University, Clayton,, Victoria 3800, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, AUSTRALIA.

Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) possess optical concentration capabilities that can amplify and localize electromagnetic fields into nanometer length scales. The near-fields of MNPs can be used to tailor optical response of luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), resulting in fascinating optical phenomena. Plasmonic metaresonances (PMRs) form a class of such optical events gaining increasing popularity due to their promising prospects in sensing and switching applications. Read More

Physiol Meas 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Flux 7, PO Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, NETHERLANDS.

Objective: To date, mainly obtrusive methods (e.g., adhesive electrodes in electroencephalography or electrocardiography) are necessary to determine the preterm infant sleep states. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2019 Mar 21;2019. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Departments of Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Carney complex (CNC) is a rare multiple neoplasia syndrome characterized by spotty pigmentation of the skin and mucosa in association with various non-endocrine and endocrine tumors, including primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD). A 20-year-old woman was referred for suspected Cushing syndrome. She had signs of cortisol excess as well as skin lentigines on physical examination. Read More

Biosens Bioelectron 2019 Feb 21;132:343-351. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Research in wearable electronics has paved the way for next-generation technology, sought to create point-of-care biosensors that combine chemical sensing on a biocompatible platform with a broad range of applications in human health monitoring. Despite significant progress, the microspatial mechanical mismatch and fluid-impermeable interface presented between skin and the electronics create adscititious problems in device lamination, conformality, and long-term monitoring. Herein, we engineered a skin-inspired, deterministically patterned, electrochemical biosensor that can be fully integrated with the curvilinear surface of the human body, while mechanically adapting to the natural stresses applied to the skin and allowing the mass transfer of gas and fluids. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2019 Mar 13;30:196-205. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.

Skin ulceration syndrome (SUS) of sea cucumber is a common and serious disease that affects the stable development of Apostichopus japonicus in the culture industry. The part of sea cucumber that suffers from major injury and is directly observed is the body wall, in which protein variations should be the most direct evidence of the disease. To understand the response mechanisms of A. Read More

Chembiochem 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron - UMR5247, Université de Montpellier, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34093 Montpellier, (France), FRANCE.

Theranostics involves finding the biomarkers of a disease, fighting them through site specific drug delivery and following them for prognosis of the disease. Microneedle array technology has been used for drug delivery and extended for continuous monitoring of analytes present in the skin compartment. We envisage the use of microneedle arrays for future theranostic applications. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Dermatology and Cancerology - CHU Nantes - Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093, Cedex 01, FRANCE.

Indoor and outdoor airborne pollutants modify our environment and represent a growing threat to human health worldwide. Airborne pollution effects on respiratory and cardiac health and diseases have been well established, but its impact on skin remains poorly described. Nonetheless, the skin is one of the main targets of pollutants, which reach the superficial and deeper skin layers by transcutaneous and systemic routes. Read More

J Forensic Sci 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Wayne County Medical Examiner's Office, 1300 E. Warren Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48207.

Forensic pathologist use soot and/or stippling surrounding entrance gunshot wounds in categorizing range of fire. If absent, some pathologists suggest utilizing histology when the range is diagnostically critical. This study investigates the concordance of macroscopic and microscopic findings in estimating range of fire by evaluating gunshot entrance and exit wounds made through human tissue analogs at defined distances using two handgun calibers. Read More

Immunology 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

University of California San Diego, Division of Biological Sciences, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0377, United States.

In response to infection, naive CD4 T cells proliferate and differentiate into several possible effector subsets, including conventional T helper effector cells (T 1, T 2, T 17), T regulatory cells (T ), and T follicular helper cells (T ). Once infection is cleared, a small population of long-lived memory cells remain which mediate immune defenses against reinfection. Memory T lymphocytes have classically been categorized into central memory cell (T ) and effector memory cell (T ) subsets, both of which circulate between blood, secondary lymphoid organs, and in some cases non-lymphoid tissues. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.

Background: High peritoneal transport is associated with high mortality and technical failure in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Baseline peritoneal solute transport rate (PSTR) as measured by the peritoneal equilibration test (PET) within 6 months after PD initiation varies between patients. Sodium is reported to be stored in the skin or muscle of dialysis patients. Read More

PLoS Genet 2019 Mar 21;15(3):e1007765. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America.

Rare individuals with inactivating mutations in the Huntington's disease gene (HTT) exhibit variable abnormalities that imply essential HTT roles during organ development. Here we report phenotypes produced when increasingly severe hypomorphic mutations in the murine HTT orthologue Htt, (HdhneoQ20, HdhneoQ50, HdhneoQ111), were placed over a null allele (Hdhex4/5). The most severe hypomorphic allele failed to rescue null lethality at gastrulation, while the intermediate, though still severe, alleles yielded recessive perinatal lethality and a variety of fetal abnormalities affecting body size, skin, skeletal and ear formation, and transient defects in hematopoiesis. Read More

Radiology 2019 Apr;291(1):261-266

From the Department of Radiology, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, Place du docteur Baylac, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.

History A 28-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with painful swelling of the third finger on her right hand, which developed quickly. She had no relevant medical or surgical history. Her pain was worse at night, with stiffness decreasing during the morning. Read More

J Dermatolog Treat 2019 Mar 21:1-28. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

a China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, & School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University , PO Box 71, Bundoora Campus , Melbourne , VIC 3083 , Australia.

Background: Psoriasis vulgaris and chronic urticaria are common skin conditions with a significant health burden. Achieving long-term control remains a challenge, and some patients choose Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) to meet this need. Little is known about the motivators and experiences of using CHM for these skin conditions. Read More

J Dermatolog Treat 2019 Mar 21:1-27. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

b Department of Anorectal Surgery , Guang'anmen Hospital of Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.

The aim of this study was to investigate if aloe polysaccharide (AP) has the repairing effect on ultraviolet b (UVB) injured nerve cells. The study applied BALB/c female mice as animal model, and NFG activated PC12 cells as cell model of skin nerve. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling) and Annexin-/PI assay, and cell cycle status in different groups were observed via flow cytometry (FCM). Read More

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Glioma is the most frequent form of malignant brain tumors. Surgical debulking is a major strategy for glioma treatment. However, there is a great challenge for the neurosurgeons to intra-operatively identify the true margins of glioma due to its infiltrative nature. Read More

Mol Med Rep 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China.

Cinobufotalin is a chemical compound extracted from the skin of dried bufo toads that may have curative potential for certain malignancies through different mechanisms; however, these mechanisms remain unexplored in breast cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antitumor mechanism of cinobufotalin in breast cancer by using microarray data and in silico analysis. The microarray data set GSE85871, in which cinobufotalin exerted influences on the MCF‑7 breast cancer cells, was acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed. Read More

Int J Oncol 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been implicated as a primary cause of lesions in the anogenital region, skin, oropharynx and respiratory tract. Additionally, the role of HPV in the pathogenesis of ocular surface disease has also been extensively studied. Conjunctival papilloma development has been strongly associated with the HPV infection of certain subtypes. Read More

Acta Derm Venereol 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, NL-9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare inherited bullous skin disorders that differ in nature and severity. Currently, there is no cure for the disease. One of the complex problems of EB is the repetitive and painful care of skin wounds. Read More

Chem Commun (Camb) 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.

Herein, we report the development of highly asymmetric Ni hollow fibres with a dense skin layer integrated on a porous substrate by a single-step spinning and sintering technique. Such hollow fibers display outstanding performance for H2 separation and excellent catalytic activity, and can directly serve as a catalytic membrane reactor for CO2 hydrogenation into syngas. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Mar 16. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California.

Congenital and pediatric nasal lesion resection and their reconstructive outcomes are not well studied. A surgeon must consider the site, size, depth, etiology, age, and effect on future function (including growth). As such, it is important to contrast the differences between the adult's and child's nose. Read More

J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada.

Daily compensable cold exposure in humans reduces shivering by ~20% without changing total heat production, partly by increasing brown adipose tissue thermogenic capacity and activity. Although acclimation and acclimatization studies have long suggested that daily reductions in core temperature are essential to elicit significant metabolic changes in response to repeated cold exposure, this has never directly been demonstrated. The aim of the present study is to determine whether daily cold-water immersion, resulting in a significant fall in core temperature, can further reduce shivering intensity during mild acute cold exposure. Read More

Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Plastic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, United States ;

To this day, tissue reconstruction and replacement to address extensive tissue defects due to trauma, tumor resection, genetic and/or chronic diseases, or excessive debridement presents a major clinical challenge. Traditional reconstructive techniques most commonly utilize autologous tissue. Undoubtedly, autologous composite tissue transfers or "flaps", skin grafts, as well as the harvesting of bone and/or cartilage have substantially improved the health, functional, and aesthetic outcomes of millions of patients. Read More

Tissue Eng Part A 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

University Hospitals of Geneva, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, , Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil , Geneva, Switzerland , 1211.

Nowadays autologous fibroblast application for skin repair presents an important clinical interest. In most cases, in vitro skin cell culture is mandatory. However, cell expansion using xenogeneic or allogenic culture media presents some disadvantages, such as the risk of infection transmission or slow cell expansion. Read More

Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019 Feb 25;35(1):5-10. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Department of Forensic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.

Objectives: To investigate the expression changes of annexin A1 （ANXA1） during the process of skin incision healing, and to explore its expression and function during skin injury repair.

Methods: The skin injury model of mice was prepared, and skin tissues of the controls and the injured group at 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, 10 d and 14 d after injuries were taken. The morphological changes of the wound were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining, and the expression of ANXA1 was detected by immunohistochemistry （IHC） and Western blotting. Read More

Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018 Jun 25;34(6):619-624. Epub 2018 Dec 25.

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China.

Objectives: To explore infrared spectrum characteristics of different voltages induced electrical injuries on swine skin by using Fourier transform infrared-microspectroscopy （FTIR-MSP） combined with machine learning algorithms, thus to provide a reference to the identification of electrical skin injuries caused by different voltages.

Methods: Electrical skin injury model was established on swines. The skin was exposed to 110 V, 220 V and 380 V electric shock for 30 s and then samples were took, with normal skin tissues around the injuries as the control. Read More

Head Neck 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: A depressed tracheostomy scar can be esthetically unacceptable. We describe a new technique for managing tracheostomy scars using platysma muscle repositioning and the application of an acellular dermal substitute.

Methods: Seventeen patients with depressed tracheostomy scars were identified for scar management. Read More

JCI Insight 2019 Mar 21;4(6). Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Background: Topical calcipotriol plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combination is an effective immunotherapy against actinic keratosis (AK), which is a precursor to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, the long-term effectiveness of calcipotriol plus 5-FU treatment for SCC prevention is unknown.

Methods: We performed a blinded prospective cohort study on participants of a randomized double-blind clinical trial in which a 4-day course of topical calcipotriol plus 5-FU combination was compared to Vaseline plus 5-FU (control) for AK treatment. Read More

Hand (N Y) 2019 Mar 21:1558944719837023. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

1 The Curtis National Hand Center, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Background: Our goal was to investigate patients' upper extremity tissue perfusion changes using an indocyanine green laser angiography imaging system for various pathologic states and interventions.

Methods: This prospective observational study used Spy Elite/LUNA laser angiography to evaluate perfusion in patients with upper extremity vascular compromise. All patients had Spy Elite/LUNA imaging as well as clinical and handheld Doppler examinations preintervention, intraoperatively, if applicable, and at 1 week, 2 weeks, and 2 months postintervention. Read More

Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2019 Mar 21:4867419834347. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

1 Department of Mental Health, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.

Objectives:: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to collect, analyse and synthesise the evidence on skin picking disorder as defined by Arnold's criteria or the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - fifth edition (DSM-5) and to examine whether skin picking disorder warrants inclusion in the DSM-5 as a distinct disorder.

Method:: The databases CINAHL, Medline, Embase and PsycINFO were searched for articles published between January 2008 and May 2018. Eligible articles were empirical studies that used Arnold's or DSM-5 criteria to diagnose skin picking disorder, published in English, with participants aged 18 years or older. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of BioIndustry Technology, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan, China.

Introduction: The development of tyrosinase inhibitors is a hot research topic. Recently, the Chinese herb Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews, commonly named as Cortex Moutan (CM), was reported as being capable of reducing melanogenesis. We developed an A2058 human melanoma cell model to test the safety and efficacy of tyrosinase inhibition. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.

Background: Glutathione is one of agents which is commonly used to lighten skin color in Asia as a dietary supplement. Previous studies suggest its potential effect of glutathione on skin color. However, the clinical efficacy of glutathione in oral form is still questionable due to its limited absorption and bioavailability. Read More

Vet Dermatol 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Seoul Wildlife Center, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.

Background: Sarcoptic mange in free-ranging raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) caused by Sarcoptes scabiei is a widespread zoonotic disease that causes severe skin lesions with significant morbidity and mortality. Fluralaner is a member of the isoxazoline chemical class and is an acaricide and insecticide widely used in flea, tick and mite infections of dogs (Canis lupus familiaris).

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of orally administered fluralaner in free-ranging raccoon dogs naturally infected with sarcoptic mange. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Dermatology & Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.

Background/objectives: Children with an elevated familial risk for melanoma inconsistently implement sun protection behaviors that could mitigate their melanoma risk. Little is known about perceived barriers to child sun protection among this at-risk group and their parents, and the extent to which perceived barriers are associated with child sun protection. The goal of this study was to examine, among children with a family history of melanoma, the frequency with which children and their parents reported barriers to child sun protection and the extent to which barriers were associated with reported use of sun protection among children. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2019 Mar;36(2):255-257

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Br J Dermatol 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial and complex disease, characterized by an impaired skin barrier function and abnormal immune response. Itch and recurrent infection are major drivers of the poor quality of life of affected patients. Many elderly patients present with pruritus and xerosis to dermatology, allergy, and primary care clinics, and there is a lack of information available to clinicians regarding the proper diagnosis and management of these patients. Read More

Am J Clin Dermatol 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Health Sciences Campus at Lake Nona, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827-7408, USA.

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease defined by the presence of non-caseating granulomas. It can affect a number of organ systems, most commonly the lungs, lymph nodes, and skin. Cutaneous manifestations of sarcoidosis can impose a significant detriment to patients' quality of life. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200040, China.

Aims: To compare the short-term complications between Onlay and Duckett urethroplasty and to analyze the various risk factors cause the complications.

Methods: The children with hypospadias who underwent treatment with Onlay or Duckett urethroplasty from November 2014 to June 2016 were followed up. The difference in complications between the two groups was analyzed. Read More

Drugs 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Springer, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, 0754, Auckland, New Zealand.

Tofacitinib (Xeljanz) is the first Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor approved at a dosage of 5 mg twice daily (BID) in the EU and the USA for the treatment of active psoriatic arthritis (PsA), where it is indicated in combination with methotrexate for patients who have had an inadequate response or who have been intolerant to a prior therapy with a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD). Two well-designed phase III trials (OPAL Broaden and OPAL Beyond) in patients with PsA with or without prior tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) therapy showed that tofacitinib 5 mg BID (co-administered with methotrexate or another approved conventional synthetic DMARD) significantly improved the key clinical signs/symptoms and disability associated with PsA after 3 months of treatment, while also improving skin psoriasis, enthesitis, dactylitis, physical function and fatigue. According to interim data, the improvements in clinical signs/symptoms were maintained for up to 30 months in the ongoing long-term extension study OPAL Balance, with minimal radiographic progression seen after 12 months' therapy in the OPAL Broaden study. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, 06490, Bahcelievler, Ankara, Turkey.

Background: A good understanding of nasal tip support mechanisms is essential for achieving successful and functional rhinoplasty results. The loss of nasal tip support resulting from different maneuvers adopted during rhinoplasty and how this loss is affected by reconstructive applications should be known. This study evaluated and compared changes in nasal tip support perioperatively after different techniques were used during septorhinoplasty. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Clinica Athena, Rua Desembargador Vieira Cavalcanti, 590, São Francisco, Curitiba, PR, 81170-290, Brazil.

Introduction: With aging, progressive changes occur in the eyelid region. The novel technique for repositioning of the fat pads described herein addresses Hester classification type II, lower eyelid aging with minimal decrease in the eyelid/cheek juncture.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study of patients undergoing surgery at our clinic between 2000 and 2018, 92 were classified as Hester II and a transconjunctival surgical procedure was performed with repositioning of the fat pads and intranasal fixation assisted by the Casagrande needle. Read More

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Duke University Medical Center, Seeley G. Mudd Bldg 10 Bryan Searle Drive, Box 3505, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.

Purpose: This study was conducted to define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), recommended phase two dose (RPTD), and toxicities of gemcitabine + dasatinib (GD) and gemcitabine + dasatinib + cetuximab (GDC) in advanced solid tumor patients.

Methods: This study was a standard phase I 3 + 3 dose escalation study evaluating two combination regimens, GD and GDC. Patients with advanced solid tumors were enrolled in cohorts of 3-6 to either GD or GDC. Read More

Hautarzt 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Hautarzt- und Lehrpraxis, Konstanz, Deutschland.

The use of dermoscopy by dermatologists across Europe has become a standard examination for benign and malignant skin lesions and increasingly also for inflammatory skin diseases. However, based on the experience of the authors from numerous dermoscopy courses, knowledge about important dermoscopic features in special locations such as mucosa or nails is often limited. This may be explained by (1) a different anatomy of the skin and its adnexa in special locations in comparison to the remaining integument, (2) difficult technical access to special locations with a dermatoscope, and (3) a rather low incidence of malignant skin neoplasms in areas of special locations (with the exception of facial skin/scalp). Read More

Mol Biol Evol 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto - University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Genomes are dynamic biological units, with processes of gene duplication and loss triggering evolutionary novelty. The mammalian skin provides a remarkable case study on the occurrence of adaptive morphological innovations. Skin sebaceous glands, for instance, emerged in the ancestor of mammals serving pivotal roles, such as lubrication, waterproofing, immunity and thermoregulation, through the secretion of sebum, a complex mixture of various neutral lipids such as triacylglycerol, free fatty acids, wax esters, cholesterol and squalene. Read More

Genome Biol Evol 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Ontario Canada.

South Asia has a complex history of migrations, and is characterized by substantial pigmentary and genetic diversity. For this reason, it is an ideal region to study the genetic architecture of normal pigmentation variation. Here, we present a meta-analysis of two GWAS of skin pigmentation using skin reflectance (M-index) as a quantitative phenotype. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2019 Mar 15;6(Suppl 1):S54-S62. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa.

Background: The SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program was established in 1997 and presently encompasses more than 750 000 bacterial isolates from over 400 medical centers worldwide. Among these pathogens, enterococci represents a prominent cause of bloodstream (BSIs), intra-abdominal (IAIs), skin and skin structure, and urinary tract infections (UTIs). In the present study, we reviewed geographic and temporal trends in species and resistant phenotypes identified throughout the SENTRY Program. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2019 Mar 15;6(Suppl 1):S47-S53. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa.

Background: is among the most common human pathogens, with therapy complicated by the epidemic spread of methicillin-resistant (MRSA).

Methods: The SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program evaluated the in vitro activity of >20 antimicrobials against 191 460 clinical isolates collected from 427 centers in 45 countries from 1997 to 2016. Each center contributed isolates and clinical data for consecutive episodes of bacteremia, pneumonia in hospitalized patients, urinary tract infection, and skin and skin structure infection. Read More

Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019 Feb 25;7(4):698-699. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Medical Institute of Ministry of Interior (MVR), Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatologic surgery, General Skobelev 79, 1606 Sofia.

Background: The cricothyroid area is an atypical localisation for placement of basal cell carcinomas. The main differential diagnosis for cutaneous tumours in this area is between BCC, spinocellular carcinoma and melanoma. The area is problematic about the choice of therapeutic approach, especially in the case of a vague clinical tumour type accompanied by enlarged lymph nodes in the immediate proximity. Read More

Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019 Feb 20;7(4):696-697. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Bowen's disease (BD), also known as squamous cell carcinoma in situ, is a type of non-melanocytic intraepidermal malignancy characterised by a slowly enlarging erythematous to pink, scaly patch or plaque with irregular and well-demarcated borders. These lesions are usually persistent and progressive; it has been estimated that in general population around 3% to 5% of Bowen's disease transform into invasive squamous cell carcinoma. This report describes our experience with cutaneous BD and assesses the differences found about age, sex and anatomical site. Read More