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Med Sci Law 2020 Jun 5:25802420926867. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Faculty of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Australia.

is a traditional Indonesian treatment involving abrading the skin over various parts of the body with a blunt object such as a coin or a piece of ginger which may create suspicious injuries. Here, the case of a 30-year-old woman who had undergone therapy is reported. She was complaining of retro-sternal pain and epigastric discomfort and subsequently became markedly short of breath and died. Read More

J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2020 Jun 5. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Vulvar cancer is rarely seen. Vulva corresponds to the external female genitalia and it is in association with the perineum with the intersection of urinary, sexual and anal systems. The deep anatomy of the perineum in the urogenital and anogenital triangle should be well-known by the gynecological oncologists. Read More

Eur J Transl Myol 2020 Apr 1;30(1):8826. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology (CIR-Myo), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.

More than half a century of skeletal muscle research is continuing at Padua University (Italy) under the auspices of the Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology (CIR-Myo), the European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM) and recently also with the support of the A&CM-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova, Italy. The Volume 30(1), 2020 of the EJTM opens with the collection of abstracts for the conference "2020 Padua Muscle Days: Mobility Medicine 30 years of Translational Research". This is an international conference that will be held between March 18-21, 2020 in Euganei Hills and Padova in Italy. Read More

Mol Ther 2020 May 20. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA. Electronic address:

Systemic skin-selective therapeutics would be a major advancement in the treatment of diseases affecting the entire skin, such as recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), which is caused by mutations in the COL7A1 gene and manifests in transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-driven fibrosis and malignant transformation. Homing peptides containing a C-terminal R/KXXR/K motif (C-end rule [CendR] sequence) activate an extravasation and tissue penetration pathway for tumor-specific drug delivery. We have previously described a homing peptide CRKDKC (CRK) that contains a cryptic CendR motif and homes to angiogenic blood vessels in wounds and tumors, but it cannot penetrate cells or tissues. Read More

Biotechnol J 2020 Jun 4:e2000101. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, Mainz, 55128, Germany.

Cement is used both as a construction material and for medical applications. Previously it has been shown that the physiological polymer inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is morphogenetically active in regeneration of skin, bone and cartilage. The present study investigates the question if this polymer is also a suitable additive to improve the self-healing capacity not only of construction cement but also of inorganic bone void fillers. Read More

Nature 2020 Jun 3. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

The skin is a multilayered organ, equipped with appendages (that is, follicles and glands), that is critical for regulating body temperature and the retention of bodily fluids, guarding against external stresses and mediating the sensation of touch and pain. Reconstructing appendage-bearing skin in cultures and in bioengineered grafts is a biomedical challenge that has yet to be met. Here we report an organoid culture system that generates complex skin from human pluripotent stem cells. Read More

Cureus 2020 Apr 28;12(4):e7867. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, GRC.

The deep femoral artery (DFA) is the largest branch of the common femoral artery (CFA), supplying with its branches, the medial circumflex femoral artery (MCFA) and lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA), the thigh muscles, the hip joint, and the femur. Their anatomical variations have a great impact on both interventional and surgical procedures. The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap, a versatile soft tissue with highly increasing use in reconstructive surgery, is noticeably influenced by this variability. Read More

Int Wound J 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

The objective of this article is to formulate a new bioengineering theoretical framework for modelling the biomechanical efficacy of cyanoacrylate skin protectants, with specific focus on the Marathon technology (Medline Industries, Inc., Northfield, Illinois) and its modes of action. This work details the bioengineering and mathematical formulations of the theory, which is based on the classic engineering theories of flexural stiffness of coated elements and deformation friction. Read More

World J Surg 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Resident operative case volumes are an important aspect of surgical education, and minimums are required in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) programs. Minimum operative case volumes for training do not exist in rural Africa. Our objective was to determine the optimal minimum operative case volume necessary for general surgery training in rural Africa. Read More

Mol Psychiatry 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.

The NGF metabolic pathway entails the proteins that mature pro-nerve growth factor (proNGF) to NGF and those that degrade NGF. Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons require NGF for maintenance of cholinergic phenotype, are critical for cognition, and degenerate early in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In AD, NGF metabolism is altered, but it is not known whether this is an early phenomenon, nor how it relates to AD pathology and symptomology. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2020 May 29;12(6). Epub 2020 May 29.

State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.

The skin plays an important role in protecting the human body, and wound healing must be set in motion immediately following injury or trauma to restore the normal structure and function of skin. The extracellular matrix component of the skin mainly consists of collagen, glycosaminoglycan (GAG), elastin and hyaluronic acid (HA). Recently, natural collagen, polysaccharide and their derivatives such as collagen, gelatin, alginate, chitosan and pectin have been selected as the matrix materials of bioink to construct a functional artificial skin due to their biocompatible and biodegradable properties by 3D bioprinting, which is a revolutionary technology with the potential to transform both research and medical therapeutics. Read More

Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Aims: Plectin, a universally expressed multi-functional cytolinker protein, is crucial for intermediate filament networking, including crosstalk withactomyosin and microtubules. In addition to its involvement in a number of diseases affecting skin, skeletal muscle, heart, and other stress-exposed tissues, indications for a neuropathological role of plectin have emerged. Having identified P1c as the major isoform expressed in neural tissues in previous studies, our aim for the present work was to investigate whether, and by which mechanism(s), the targeted deletion of this isoform affects neuritogenesis and proper nerve cell functioning. Read More

Adv Mater 2020 Jun 2:e2001459. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.

Near-infrared (NIR) activatable upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) enable wireless-based phototherapies by converting deep-tissue-penetrating NIR to visible light. UCNPs are therefore ideal as wireless transducers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of deep-sited tumors. However, the retention of unsequestered UCNPs in tissue with minimal options for removal limits their clinical translation. Read More

Dis Model Mech 2020 May 21;13(5). Epub 2020 May 21.

Division of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan

Loss-of-function mutations in dystonin () can cause hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 6 (HSAN-VI) or epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS). Recently, -related diseases were recognized to be more complex than previously thought because a patient exhibited both neurological and skin manifestations, whereas others display only one or the other. A single locus produces at least three major isoforms: (neuronal isoform), (muscular isoform) and (epithelial isoform). Read More

Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2020 Jul;29(3):349-367

Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1488, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address:

Wounds resulting from wide local excision of melanoma vary in size and complexity, and require individualized solutions to achieve satisfactory closure. Goals of reconstruction include restoration of form, function, and aesthetics while minimizing donor site morbidity without compromising the effectiveness and safety of oncologic melanoma treatment. Optimal reconstruction relies on an in-depth understanding of the defect, locoregional anatomy and vasculature, available donor tissues, and basic wound healing and surgical principles. Read More

Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2019 1;36(1):79-85. Epub 2019 May 1.

Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic.

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous multisystemic disease of unknown cause most often affecting the lungs, lymph nodes of the pulmonary hilus, eyes, skin, and other structures including central (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS). Isolated neurosarcoidosis is extremely rare. The diagnosis of isolated neurosarcoidosis is challenging because of its rarity, variety of manifestations, and the lack of systemic signs. Read More

Eur J Pain 2020 Jun 1. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome characterized by altered pain processing at central and peripheral level, whose pathophysiologic mechanisms remain obscure. We aimed at exploring the structural changes of peripheral nociceptor measured by skin biopsy, the functional changes of central nociceptive pathway assessed by laser evoked potentials (LEP), and their correlation with clinical features and comorbidities.

Methods: Eight-one patients diagnosed with FM underwent skin biopsies with quantification of intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) at the thigh and distal leg, and LEP recording by stimulating hand, thigh and foot. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2020 May 6;8(5):883-885. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine CHU Saint-Pierre Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels Belgium.

Koebner phenomenon may be related to frictions of a hearing aid on the external ear and retroauricular skin. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2020 May 23;2020(5):rjaa082. Epub 2020 May 23.

Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.

Mild- to moderate-sized lip defects that affect one- to two-thirds of the total lip length often require that utilization of local soft tissue rearrangement in order to re-establish lip anatomy, function and esthetics. The use of local flaps in lip reconstruction often follows oncologic resection of common skin malignancies including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. When considering the types of flaps to use for lip defects of one- to two-third total length, a variety of flaps designs have been described, each with its benefits in drawbacks. Read More

Tissue Cell 2020 Jun 9;64:101344. Epub 2020 Feb 9.

Division of Oral and Craniofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan. Electronic address:

The jugular ganglion (JG) contains sensory neurons of the vagus nerve which innervate somatic and visceral structures in cranial and cervical regions. In this study, the number of sensory neurons in the human JG was investigated. And, the morphology of sensory neurons in the human JG and nodose ganglion (NG) was compared. Read More

Orv Hetil 2020 06;161(24):1002-1011

Daganatsebészeti Központ, Emlő-Lágyrész Daganatsebészeti Osztály,Országos Onkológiai Intézet Budapest, Ráth György u. 7-9., 1122.

Introduction And Aim: This study aimed to describe the modified Regnault "B" oncoplastic technique as a standard volume-displacement level II oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery and the related clinicopathological study.

Method: A retrospective, single-centre study was performed between April 2012 and October 2018 involving 215 breast-cancer patients. Patient characteristics and postoperative complications were recorded, and the quality of life was rated by questionnaires. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2020 May 29. Epub 2020 May 29.

Physicians, Department for Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig - Maximilian University Munich, Germany.

Background: Glabellar soft tissue filler injections have been shown to be associated with a high risk for causing injection related visual compromise.

Objectives: To identify the course of the superficial branch of the supratrochlear and of the deep branch of the supraorbital artery in relation to the ipsilateral vertical glabellar line and to test whether the artery is located in its depth.

Methods: 41 healthy volunteers with a mean age of 26. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2020 May 29. Epub 2020 May 29.

Physicians, Department for Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig - Maximilian University Munich, Germany.

Background: Lips are considered a key element of facial attractiveness due to their central position in the face and their elemental role in verbal and non-verbal communication.

Objective: To provide clinically relevant information on the 3-D pathway of the superior and inferior labial arteries within the lips to increase safety during labial soft tissue filler injections.

Methods: The study enrolled 41 healthy volunteers with a mean age of 26. Read More

Microbiol Resour Announc 2020 May 28;9(22). Epub 2020 May 28.

Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA

is a Gram-positive bacterial species highly relevant to animal and human health. In this study, we report the draft genome sequences of two clinical isolates of from canine skin biopsy specimens at the Dermatology Service of the Auburn University Small Animal Teaching Hospital. Read More

Rev Med Suisse 2020 May;16(695):1086-1091

Service d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier du Valais romand, Hôpital du Valais, Avenue du Grand-Champsec 86, 1950 Sion.

Dermatologic toxicities appear to be the most prevalent immunotherapy related adverse effects, both with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 agents, as well as with the newly developed anti-PD-L1. They occur in more than one-third of the patients treated with immune check point inhibitors, regardless of the cancer being treated. They mainly manifest in the form of self-limiting maculopapular rashes and pruritus. Read More

Cureus 2020 Apr 22;12(4):e7783. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Oncologic Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU.

Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic and frequent condition characterized by an excessive response of the immune system to innocent substances encountered in the nasal mucosa. These reactions are mediated by many factors, including chemokines. Chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3, a macrophage inflammatory protein 1α) is a chemokine implicated in the activation of mast cells - white cells shown to be highly involved in orchestrating allergic reactions. Read More

PeerJ 2020 15;8:e9047. Epub 2020 May 15.

Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.

Despite evidence from anatomy, behavior and genomics indicating that the sense of smell in turtles is important, our understanding of chemical communication in this group is still rudimentary. Our aim was to describe the microanatomy of mental glands (MGs) in a freshwater turtle, (Geoemydidae), and to assess the chemical composition of their secretions with respect to variation among individuals and between sexes. MGs are paired sac-like organs on the gular region of the neck and are dimorphic in this species with males having fully functional holocrine glands while those of females appear non-secretory and vestigial. Read More

Arch Pediatr 2020 May 24. Epub 2020 May 24.

Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Background: Insulin therapy is essential for type 1 diabetes. While a reasonable glycemic control prevents complications, inadvertent intramuscular (IM) insulin injection results in hypoglycemia and fluctuations of blood glucose levels.

Objective: To assess the subcutaneous thickness (SCt) at the potential insulin injection sites, in order to determine the suitable needle length. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020 May 26. Epub 2020 May 26.

Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi University Hospital, Viale Giacomo Matteotti 42, 50132, Florence, Italy.

Background: The aging process affects skin, muscle and fat of the eyes in a different manner. Their individual rejuvenation would require specific surgical treatment according to their particular demands during lower eyelid blepharoplasty. This would require the separate management of the skin and the muscle by separating them into two different flaps. Read More

Front Neurorobot 2020 8;14:24. Epub 2020 May 8.

Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.

Mastectomy often leads to a complete desensitization of the chest, which in turn can give rise to diminished sexual function and to disembodiment of the breasts. One approach to mitigate the sensory consequences of mastectomy is to leverage technology that has been developed for the restoration of sensation in bionic hands. Specifically, sensors embedded under the skin of the nipple-areolar complex can be used to detect touches. Read More

J Dermatol Sci 2020 Apr 28. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

J Invest Dermatol 2020 May 22. Epub 2020 May 22.

Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Germany. Electronic address:

Propranolol is a ß-adrenoreceptor type 2 (ADRB2) blocker that regulates heart muscle contractions, smooth muscle relaxation and glycogenolysis. In addition, an increasing number of applications in dermatology have been described; most prominently, the use as a first-line treatment for infantile hemangiomas. We here show that propranolol enhances IL-8-induced neutrophil chemotaxis and reduces the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after immune complex (IC) stimulation. Read More

Microsc Res Tech 2020 May 23. Epub 2020 May 23.

Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.

This study represents the first morphological description of the lymphatic drainage of the ciliary body in vivo by comparative hyperspectral fluorescence imaging techniques of Quantum Qdot655 (QD) nanoparticles and indocyanine green (ICG). A volume of 1.25 μl of QD was injected into the left anterior camera of all rats. Read More

Glia 2020 May 23. Epub 2020 May 23.

Division of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.

Dystonin (Dst) is a causative gene for Dystonia musculorum (dt) mice, which is an inherited disorder exhibiting dystonia-like movement and ataxia with sensory degeneration. Dst is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), muscles, and skin. However, the Dst-expressing cell type(s) for dt phenotypes have not been well characterized. Read More

Surg Radiol Anat 2020 May 22. Epub 2020 May 22.

Department of Anatomy, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.

The iliacus muscle is a large, flat, triangle-shaped muscle located in the iliac fossa. This muscle forms part of the iliopsoas muscle complex. Although anatomical variations of iliacus muscles are rare, some variations are clinically important due to the possible coexistence of an unusual course of the femoral nerve. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2020 Apr 7;8(4):e2681. Epub 2020 Apr 7.

Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex.

Advances with newer perforator flaps and complex microsurgical techniques have enabled creative solutions in autologous breast reconstruction. For patients seeking total autologous breast reconstruction without the use of implants, body regions other than the abdomen have emerged to provide a substitute or additional donor tissue. In cases where abdominal perforator flaps are not possible (as with prior abdominoplasty), flaps taken from the lower back or thigh can be used. Read More

Development 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia

Laminin alpha 5 (LAMA5) is a member of a large family of proteins which trimerize and then polymerise to form a central component of all basement membranes. Consequently, the protein plays an instrumental role in shaping the normal development of the kidney, skin, neural tube, lung, limb and many other organs and tissues. Pathogenic mutations in some laminins have been shown to cause a range of largely syndromic conditions affecting the competency of the basement membranes to which they contribute. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2020 May 19;10(5). Epub 2020 May 19.

Department of Animal Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Genomics, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland.

Sarcoids are the most common skin neoplasm in the Equidae family. Sarcoids are benign, but may cause severe damage in affected animals. Due to the high risk of post-treatment recurrence and the lack of an effective method of treatment, it is reasonable to perform studies on the molecular aspects of this neoplasm. Read More

Exp Dermatol 2020 May 20. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea.

Rosacea is a skin inflammatory condition accompanied by cutaneous signs such as edema, flushing, erythema, telangiectasia, and pustules. Generally, rosacea is triggered by ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure. When exposed to UVB, skin epidermis thickens and produces elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially keratinocyte-related VEGF, a potent angiogenic factor. Read More

N Engl J Med 2020 May;382(21):2034-2043

From the Departments of Medicine (K.A.A., J.V.C., E.E.F., M.K.M.), Radiology (J.-A.O.S.), and Pathology (J.A.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine (K.A.A., J.V.C., E.E.F., M.K.M.), Radiology (J.-A.O.S.), and Pathology (J.A.S.), Harvard Medical School - both in Boston.

Sci Rep 2020 May 20;10(1):8371. Epub 2020 May 20.

Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan.

The integrin αE known as CD103 binds integrin β7 to form the complete heterodimeric integrin molecule αEβ7. CD103 is mainly expressed by lymphocytes within epithelial tissues of intestine, lung, and skin as well as subsets of mucosal and dermal conventional dendritic cells (cDCs). CD103 has been originally implicated in the attachment of lymphocytes to epithelium in the gut and skin through the interaction with E-cadherin expressed on intestinal epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and Langerhans cells (LCs). Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020 Mar 13. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China. Electronic address:

Background: Application of distant skin flaps in facial defect reconstruction has limitations such as leaving a patch like appearance and being restricted by the length of the vascular pedicles. Leveraging the abundance of blood supply from superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS), a local skin flap pedicled by SMAS can be used to avoid the aforementioned problems. Herein, we report the clinical application as well as the anatomical study of SMAS-pedicled skin flaps. Read More

IDCases 2020 7;20:e00788. Epub 2020 May 7.

Infectious Diseases Unit, Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital, EsSalud. Lima - Peru.

In all health care settings, particularly those in developing countries, healthcare workers have a high risk for exposure to tuberculosis. Tuberculosis can involve any organ, including the skin. Cutaneous tuberculosis is uncommon and may be secondary to an exogenous inoculation. Read More