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J Am Coll Radiol 2022 05;19(5S):S175-S193

Specialty Chair, Atlanta VA Health Care System and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

This article presents guidelines for initial imaging utilization in patients presenting with sinonasal disease, including acute rhinosinusitis without and with suspected orbital and intracranial complications, chronic rhinosinusitis, suspected invasive fungal sinusitis, suspected sinonasal mass, and suspected cerebrospinal fluid leak. CT and MRI are the primary imaging modalities used to evaluate patients with sinonasal disease. Given its detailed depiction of bony anatomy, CT can accurately demonstrate the presence of sinonasal disease, bony erosions, and anatomic variants, and is essential for surgical planning. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2022 May;32(5):618-622

Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of single Vidian neurectomy (sVN) in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and allergic rhinitis (CRSwNP &AR).

Study Design: Descriptive study.   Place and Duration of Study: Otolaryngology-Head &Neck Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China, February 2016 to February 2019. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 4;14(4):e23826. Epub 2022 Apr 4.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS), Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hospital, New Delhi, IND.

Introduction Fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) has increased over the past few decades due to the rampant use of antibiotics, steroids, immunosuppressive drugs, increased incidence of HIV and uncontrolled diabetes. The current study reviews the types, clinical presentation, microbiology, histopathology and outcomes related to FRS in a tertiary care center in North India. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and follow-up records of patients diagnosed with FRS over three years. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Apr 27. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, St. Stephen's Hospital, Delhi, 110054, India.

Purpose: To compare the clinical profile of COVID-related and non-COVID-related rhino-orbito-cerebral invasive fungal disease.

Methods: We have compared the comorbidities, clinical features, course of the disease and outcome between COVID-related and non-COVID-related acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFRS) of the rhino-orbito-cerebral form.

Results: HbA1c and blood sugar at the time of admission were significantly higher in the non-COVID group (P < 0. Read More

Comput Math Methods Med 2022 13;2022:5708326. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Ear-Nose-Throat Department, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian 364000, China.

Background: A relevant study found that allergic rhinitis (AR) may be related to the imbalance of nasal flora. Therefore, if the nasal flora of AR patients can be detected quickly, it is of great significance to study the distribution law of nasal flora in AR patients and explore its correlation with AR.

Objective: To design a new and convenient nano-DNA sensor for quick screening of nasal flora in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients, so as to provide experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of AR. Read More

Otolaryngol Pol 2021 Dec;76(1):29-39

Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology with Clinical Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Military Medical Institute, Warsaw, Poland.

Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a very common condition and mostly of viral origin. About 0.5-2% of the viral ARS are complicated by a bacterial infection. Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2022 Mar 31:19458924221090915. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Sackler Faculty of Medicine, 26745Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Background: Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis has been associated with high mortality rates.

Objective: We aimed to explore the contribution of novel detection and treatment methods on the outcome of immunosuppressed children with acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis.

Methods: The records of all children with a hematologic or oncologic disease who developed acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis between 2005-2020 were reviewed. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022 Mar 29:1945998221087664. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Objective: To offer pragmatic, evidence-informed guidance on the use of systemic corticosteroids (SCS) for common otolaryngologic disorders.

Data Sources: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation clinical practice guidelines.

Review Methods: A comprehensive search of published literature through November 2021 was conducted on the efficacy of SCS, alone or in combination with other treatments, for managing disorders in otolaryngology and the subdisciplines. Read More

Prim Health Care Res Dev 2022 03 28;23:e22. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Aim: To compare the competencies of primary care physicians (PCPs) with poor and good prescribing performance in frequently encountered indications.

Background: Primary care centers are one of the mostly visited health facilities by the population for different health issues.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed 6 125 487 prescriptions generated by 1431 PCPs which were selected by systematic sampling in 2016 in Istanbul. Read More

Pediatr Clin North Am 2022 04;69(2):275-286

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.

Rhinosinusitis is a common diagnosis encountered by providers of all disciplines. Pediatric acute and chronic rhinosinusitis account for up to 2% of the total annual visits to the outpatient clinics and emergency departments. Once correct diagnosis is made, appropriate treatment measures can be initiated. Read More

J Fungi (Basel) 2022 Mar 21;8(3). Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.

Macrophages are some of the most important immune cells in the organism and are responsible for creating an inflammatory immune response in order to inhibit the passage of microscopic foreign bodies into the blood stream. Sometimes, their activation can be responsible for chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma, tuberculosis, hepatitis, sinusitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and viral infections. Prolonged inflammation can damage the organs or may lead to death in serious conditions. Read More

Int Tinnitus J 2022 Mar 3;25(2):176-180. Epub 2022 Mar 3.

Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Otalaryngology and Somatology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.

Introduction: Chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa and sinuses. In the tissues of polyps and intranasal secretions, an increase in the concentration of various inflammatory mediators, in particular interleukins is observed due to an increase in their de novo synthesis by effector cells. The research objective to study the distribution of genotypic forms of the IL10 gene locus and evaluate their role in the development and clinical course of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022 May 16;156:111064. Epub 2022 Feb 16.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Pediatric acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) is often treated with oral antibiotics, with limited insight into adverse effects (AEs) across drug classes. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we characterize AE incidence associated with oral antibiotics in these patients.

Methodology/principal: We searched PubMed and Embase for English-language articles published from 1985 to September 2020 reporting AEs of oral antibiotic therapy for ABRS patients aged 0-18 years. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2022 21;10:2050313X221078721. Epub 2022 Feb 21.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania.

Mucormycosis is an acute and aggressive fungal infection usually, but not exclusively, occurring in immunocompromised individuals. Lack of knowledge and awareness in developing countries hinders timely management. This case highlights the importance of a prompt index of suspicion for the timely and aggressive intervention of mucormycosis to the Tanzanian community. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 Feb 4;58(2). Epub 2022 Feb 4.

Division of Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed-Forces General Hospital, Taichung 411, Taiwan.

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic fibro-inflammatory and idiopathic autoimmune disorder. IgG4-RD can be characterized by the presence of pseudotumors. Inflammatory pseudotumors may involve any part of a human organ. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Dec;71(Suppl 8)(12):S170-S173

Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Acute sinusitis is a frequent medical condition that can affect any age group and may lead infrequently to very serious life-threatening complications. These complications include the spread of infection to frontal and other cranial bones, meninges, and other intracranial structures that require urgent medical actions to prevent mortality and morbidity. We report the case of acute frontal sinusitis in a 14 years old male who presented with fever, severe headache, and fluctuant swelling of the nasal root, and right supraorbital and frontoparietal regions. Read More

Eur Heart J Case Rep 2022 Jan 19;6(1):ytac021. Epub 2022 Jan 19.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, 11234 Anderson St, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.

Background: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a multisystem disorder commonly affecting the lung and skin, with cardiovascular involvement found in up to 60% of patients. We present a case of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) as the initial presentation of EGPA.

Case Summary: A 52-year-old female with past medical history of asthma, recurrent sinusitis, and peripheral neuropathy presented to our hospital with chest pain, rash, acute vision loss, elevated troponin, and peripheral eosinophilia. Read More

Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Jan 25;26(1):e152-e157. Epub 2022 Jan 25.

Otorhinolaryngology department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Qism Banha, Al Qalyubia Governorate, Banha, Egypt.

 There is a noticeable increase in the incidence of acute invasive fungal sinusitis which coincides with the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. It is a potentially-lethal fungal infection, with the most common form being the rhino-orbito-cerebral presentation.  The aim of the present study is to discuss the different epidemiological factors, risk factors, clinical presentations and outcomes of acute invasive fungal sinusitis which is noticeably related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. Read More

Br J Radiol 2022 Apr 6;95(1132):20210749. Epub 2022 Jan 6.

Department of Radiology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Objectives: Acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) is a rapidly progressive disease, whose delayed identification results in poor outcomes, especially in immunocompromised individuals. A surge in of AIFS in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic has lent additional morbidity and mortality to an already precarious clinical scenario. Early detection of AIFS in individuals who are symptomatic/ at risk can allow early therapy, enabling better patient outcomes. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 12 9;12:CD000023. Epub 2021 Dec 9.

Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia.

Background: Sore throat is a common reason for people to present for medical care and to be prescribed antibiotics. Overuse of antibiotics in primary medicine is a concern, hence it is important to establish their efficacy in treating sore throat and preventing secondary complications.  OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of antibiotics for reducing symptoms of sore throat for child and adult patients. Read More

Obstet Med 2021 Dec 26;14(4):257-259. Epub 2020 Nov 26.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.

Background: The incidence of headaches during pregnancy is 35%. Although ruling out pre-eclampsia as a possible cause for headache is important in the pregnant population, acute sinusitis should remain on the differential as it occurs six times more frequently in pregnant women. Untreated disease can lead to rare intracranial complications such as a subdural empyema. Read More

Allergy Asthma Proc 2021 11;42(6):450-460

The management of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is evolving, with an emphasis on treating the underlying type 2 inflammation. The objective was to summarize the updated evidence-based medical and surgical treatment recommendations for CRSwNP, including the position of biologics in the treatment algorithm. This review compared and contrasted the therapeutic recommendations presented by the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020 and the International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis 2021. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2021 12 1;4(12):e2136662. Epub 2021 Dec 1.

Carlson School of Management, Department of Finance, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

Importance: In 2013 and 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued warnings and recommended limited use of fluoroquinolones for patients with certain acute conditions. It is not clear how prescribers have responded to these warnings.

Objective: To analyze changes in prescribing of fluoroquinolones after the 2013 and 2016 FDA warnings and to examine the physician characteristics associated with these changes. Read More

Case Rep Infect Dis 2021 15;2021:1124033. Epub 2021 Nov 15.

Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson St, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.

Background: An estimated 25% of primary and secondary syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochete bacterium , occurs in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (Chesson et al., 2005). This association is especially evident in men who have sex with men (MSM). Read More

J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021 Oct 29;50(1):61. Epub 2021 Oct 29.

Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, 5850/5920 University Ave, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3K 6R8 PO Box 9700, Canada.

The Choosing Wisely Canada campaign raises awareness amongst physicians and patients regarding unnecessary or inappropriate tests and treatments. Using an online survey, members of the Pediatric Otolaryngology Subspecialty Group within the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery developed a list of nine evidence based recommendations to help physicians and patients make treatment decisions regarding common pediatric otolaryngology presentations: (1) Don't routinely order a plain film x-ray in the evaluation of nasal fractures; (2) Don't order imaging to distinguish acute bacterial sinusitis from an upper respiratory infection; (3) Don't place tympanostomy tubes in most children for a single episode of otitis media with effusion of less than 3 months duration; (4) Don't routinely prescribe intranasal/systemic steroids, antihistamines or decongestants for children with uncomplicated otitis media with effusion; (5) Don't prescribe oral antibiotics for children with uncomplicated tympanostomy tube otorrhea or uncomplicated acute otitis externa; (6) Don't prescribe codeine for post-tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy pain relief in children; (7) Don't administer perioperative antibiotics for elective tonsillectomy in children; (8) Don't perform tonsillectomy for children with uncomplicated recurrent throat infections if there have been fewer than 7 episodes in the past year, 5 episodes in each of the past 2 years, or 3 episodes in each of the last 3 years; and (9) Don't perform endoscopic sinus surgery for uncomplicated pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis prior to failure of maximal medical therapy and adenoidectomy. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2021 Oct 27:34894211055337. Epub 2021 Oct 27.

Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.

Objective: This case report presents a case of a rapidly progressive complicated sinus infection in a child with the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Methods: Case report with literature review.

Results/case Report: We present a novel case of severe rapidly progressive complicated sinusitis in a 14-year-old African American male diagnosed with the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2021 Oct 27;22:e933177. Epub 2021 Oct 27.

Department of Hospital Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.

BACKGROUND We present a case of invasive sinusitis with rhinocerebral infection in a patient who had mild symptoms of COVID-19 infection and did not receive any immunosuppressive therapies. CASE REPORT A 49-year-old man with a history of uncontrolled diabetes presented to the hospital with multiple generalized tonic clonic seizures. He had recently been diagnosed with mild COVID-19 and was treated at home with supportive care only. Read More

Pediatrics 2021 11 4;148(5). Epub 2021 Oct 4.

Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.

The over-the-counter nasal decongestant oxymetazoline (eg, Afrin) is used in the pediatric population for a variety of conditions in the operating room setting. Given its vasoconstrictive properties, it can have cardiovascular adverse effects when systemically absorbed. There have been several reports of cardiac and respiratory complications related to use of oxymetazoline in the pediatric population. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2021 Nov 6;22(5):1264. Epub 2021 Sep 6.

Department of Anatomy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.

There are numerous types of sinusitis caused by fungal strains, some of which already colonize the nasal cavity. Mild forms present fungus balls growing inside a preexisting sinus cavity. The invasive type ranges from chronic manifestations to acute aggravated episodes. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2021 Dec 27;151:110925. Epub 2021 Sep 27.

Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgery & Physiology, University of Porto Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital S. João Centre, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal; Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal. Electronic address:

Introduction: Acute rhinosinusitis accounts for most of the cases of orbital infections and is the most common cause of periorbital oedema in children. Up to 10% of patients with orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis may experience vision loss and other complications such as meningitis, intracranial abscess or even death. Therefore, these patients require prompt diagnosis and proper treatment. Read More