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Med Clin North Am 2022 May 4;106(3):411-422. Epub 2022 Apr 4.

UC Davis Health, 4150 V Street, Suite 2400, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.

Malignancy is the second leading cause of death in the United States, following heart disease. In most cancers, early detection is one of the most important factors in determining prognosis. As clinicians it is therefore important to be aware of potential clues of underlying malignancy on physical examination. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2022 Mar 12;92:106833. Epub 2022 Feb 12.

Department of General Surgery at St. Luke's Medical Center, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico.

Background: Leser-Trelat sign is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome in which one main characteristic presented is an eruption of multiple seborrheic keratoses around different areas of the body. This syndrome has been associated with multiple gastrointestinal malignancies, especially adenocarcinoma of stomach and colon.

Case Report: We report a 70-year-old male who presented to the surgery clinic complaining of a persistent lower abdominal pain for the past 2 months. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021 Dec 13;72:103065. Epub 2021 Nov 13.

Department of Dermatology, Mohammed the VI University Hospital of Oujda, Morocco.

Introduction: Leser-Trelat sign is a paraneoplastic marker characerized by the abrupt appearance of seborrheic keratoses. It is described in association with many underlying malignant diseases.

Case Report: We report a case of coexistence of two rare entities, represented by the Leser-Trelat sign occurring with male breast cancer. Read More

Caspian J Intern Med 2021 ;12(Suppl 2):S383-S387

Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.

Background: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a condition with an important characteristics of symmetrical areas of thickened skin with grayish brown hyperpigmentation. The mucosa may show a papillomatous surface, with or without hyperpigmentation. Lips and sites at risk of trauma may be affected and palmoplantar keratosis might also be present. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2021 Mar-Apr;66(2):225

Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.

Semergen 2021 09 19;47(6):e45-e46. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial, Centro de Rehabilitación y Neurotraumatología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España.

World J Clin Cases 2020 Nov;8(22):5632-5638

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China.

Background: Acanthosis nigricans (AN), Leser-Trélat sign, and tripe palm are all skin diseases. To date, reports of these appearing as a paraneoplastic syndrome in a gastric cancer patient are quite rare.

Case Summary: We report the case of a 61-year-old man with darkened skin color in the face and torso with no obvious inducement after 1 year of treatment for Riehl's melanosis. Read More

Dermatol Reports 2020 Jun 6;12(1):8665. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, UOC di Dermatologia, Rome; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dermatologia, Rome, Italy.

Leser-Trélat Sign (LTS) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by the sudden eruption of multiple seborrheic keratoses in patients with internal malignancy, commonly localized in the gastrointestinal tract. We report an 80-year-old female patient showing a rapid increase in the number and size of seborrheic keratosis associated with the diagnosis of a cutaneous nodular melanoma (Breslow thickness: 4.5 mm) located on the right flank. Read More

J Dermatol 2020 Mar 23;47(3):e96-e97. Epub 2020 Jan 23.

Division of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan.

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Oct 30;12(10). Epub 2019 Oct 30.

Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

F1000Res 2019 28;8. Epub 2019 Aug 28.

Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Dresden, 01067, Germany.

Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a common benign epidermal tumor with predominance in adult patients. Whereas common SKs are more frequent in Caucasians, dermatosis papulosa nigra is more prevalent in patients with a Fitzpatrick skin type of at least 3. There seems to be a link between extrinsic skin aging and the occurrence of SK. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 12 28;34(12):2058. Epub 2019 Jun 28.

Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.

J Med Case Rep 2019 Jun 21;13(1):188. Epub 2019 Jun 21.

Geriatric Unit, Sarawak Heart Center (Pusat Jantung Sarawak), 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.

Background: Leser-Trélat syndrome, which manifests as eruptive multiple seborrheic keratoses, is a rare paraneoplastic sign. Hyponatremia in the elderly population is an often overlooked but potentially sinister biochemical abnormality. Cancer-related causes of hyponatremia include syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, cerebral or renal salt wasting, and adrenal dysfunction. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Apr 3;12(4). Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Pneumology Department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal.

Pan Afr Med J 2018 10;30:270. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

Pulmonology Department, Moulay Youssef Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.

Obstet Gynecol 2018 11;132(5):1116-1119

Departments of Dermatology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, and the Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.

Background: The sign of Leser-Trelát is controversial and rarely reported in gynecologic malignancies. It is characterized by rapid development of new or enlarging seborrheic keratoses.

Case: A 78-year-old woman presented with unintentional weight loss and new-onset erythematous patches and plaques with thickened, rugated skin and stuck-on brown waxy papules on the chest and back. Read More

Case Rep Oncol 2018 May-Aug;11(2):436-441. Epub 2018 Jun 29.

Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The Leser-Trélat sign is a rare sign of some malignant tumors and is characterized by the sudden appearance of seborrheic keratosis in association with an underlying malignancy. We describe a 60-year-old Saudi man with mycosis fungoides (MF) who developed numerous, rapidly growing, seborrheic keratoses on his face and back. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of MF with the Leser-Trélat sign from Saudi Arabia. Read More

Dermatopathology (Basel) 2018 Apr-Jun;5(2):69-73. Epub 2018 May 25.

Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Sign of Leser-Trélat is a rare paraneoplastic cutaneous manifestation, characterized by the sudden appearance and rapid increase in size and number of seborrheic keratoses, accompanied by pruritus. Edmund Leser and Ulysse Trélat described this sign in 1890. Since their first description, their conclusions have been considered controversial and some authors assert the absence of a causal link. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Apr 4;4(3):161-164. Epub 2017 Nov 4.

Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated S.S.K.H & K.S. Hospital, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.

Purpose: Leser-Trélat syndrome consists of appearance of a solid tumor-like carcinoma breast, colon, or stomach following eruption of multiple seborrheic keratoses (SK) of the skin. We present an unusual and possibly the first case report of Leser-Trélat syndrome in a male patient with a history of mastectomy for breast carcinoma who presented to us with a second malignancy in the form of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the lower eyelid.

Procedure: A 75-year-old male presented in 2014 with a history of modified radical mastectomy for infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the left breast which was performed 11 years prior to the day of presentation. Read More

Cleve Clin J Med 2017 Dec;84(12):918

Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.

Arch Bronconeumol (Engl Ed) 2018 May 3;54(5):286-287. Epub 2017 Nov 3.

Department of Radiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address:

Case Rep Dermatol 2017 May-Aug;9(2):35-39. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

Department of Dermatology, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Eruptive seborrheic keratoses (ESK) are rare in dermatology. They are usually inflammatory in nature and may be encountered as Leser-Trélat sign. ESK may also be simultaneously observed with hepatic angiomas, chemotherapy, segmental neurofibromatosis, HIV or erythrodermic pityriasis rubra pilaris, psoriasis, and drug eruption. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2017 Jan 15;23(1). Epub 2017 Jan 15.

School of Medicine, University of California San Diego.

Background: The sign of Leser-Trélat is characterizedby the sudden appearance of seborrheic keratosesassociated with an underlying malignancy.

Objectives: An elderly man who developed multiple new-onsetseborrheic keratoses temporally associated witha diagnosis of mycosis fungoides is described andlymphoma-associated Leser-Trélat sign is reviewed.

Methods: Pubmed was used to search the followingterms: cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Leser-Trélat,leukemia, lymphoma, mycosis fungoides, and Sézarysyndrome. Read More

Case Rep Med 2016 23;2016:4259190. Epub 2016 Nov 23.

Internal Medicine Department, Clinics Hospital of the Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.

. Skin disorders can be the first manifestation of occult diseases. The recognition of typical paraneoplastic dermatoses may anticipate the cancer diagnosis and improve its prognosis. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2016 Apr 18;22(4). Epub 2016 Apr 18.

Department of Dermatology and Itch Center, Temple University School of Medicine.

A 71-year-old man presented with numerous pruritic seborrheic keratoses, with an eruptive onset over the course of 3 months. At presentation, he was also found to have hypopigmented tumors diffusely scattered throughout his body that were found to be mycosis fungoides on histologic examination. A theory regarding the pathophysiology of the development of eruptive seborrheic keratoses in the presence of mycosis fungoides is briefly discussed and 10 previous case reports of the Leser-Trélat sign in the setting of mycosis fungoides are reviewed. Read More

Semin Oncol 2016 06 23;43(3):366-9. Epub 2016 Feb 23.

University of Louisville, Division of Dermatology, Louisville, KY. Electronic address:

Skin findings can serve as a clue to internal disease. In this article, cutaneous manifestations of underlying lung malignancy are reviewed. Paraneoplastic dermatoses are rare, but when recognized early, can lead to early diagnosis of an underlying neoplasm. Read More

Diabetol Metab Syndr 2016 29;8:33. Epub 2016 Apr 29.

Endocrinology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil.

A rare sign of some malignant tumors is a sudden eruption of multiple seborrheic keratoses called Leser-Trélat sign. Overproduction of insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF2) or its precursor is the main mechanism related to non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia. Doege-Potter syndrome is the name given to paraneoplastic hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia in presence of a solitary fibrous tumor. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2016 Apr 8;2016. Epub 2016 Apr 8.

Department of General Medicine, Mackay Hospital and Health Service, Mackay, Queensland, Australia.