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Z Orthop Unfall 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Focal cartilage defects lead to swelling, significant pain and loss of function of the affected joint. Additionally, they are linked to early onset of osteoarthritis. Often young and active patients are especially susceptible due to the high stress placed on their joints. Read More

J Athl Train 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Concordia University.

Context: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) should be used in athletic training but are rarely incorporated in athletic training and athletic therapy internships. Student-run clinics are common in other health professions and provide effective treatment and a valuable learning environment.1-3 To our knowledge, no one has evaluated rehabilitation outcomes in patients treated by athletic training/athletic therapy students (ATSs). Read More

Appl Ergon 2021 May 8;95:103453. Epub 2021 May 8.

Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Canada. Electronic address:

As the prevalence of obesity grows worldwide, it becomes an increasing concern in working populations. Ergonomists are faced with the challenge of accommodating workplace layouts to include this worker demographic. This study investigated the relationship between shoulder and low back isometric joint strengths across body mass index (BMI) groups. Read More

Poult Sci 2021 Mar 26;100(6):101171. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. Electronic address:

This study compares kinetic parameters of Salmonella and Enterococcus faecium in moisture enhanced, reconstructed comminuted chicken patties prepared with different pump rates during double pan-broiling with various set-up temperatures. Fresh 1.5-kg chicken breast meat was course grounded, inoculated with S. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2021 May 11:3635465211011161. Epub 2021 May 11.

Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.

Background: Posterior shoulder instability accounts for a small proportion of all shoulder instability, although it can affect athletes of all types, from contact to overhead athletes. Surgical treatment is quite successful in these patients; however, the literature reports a wide range of rates of return to sport.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose was to determine the return-to-sport rates after surgical stabilization for posterior shoulder instability. Read More

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

M. J. Hartwell, R. E. Harold, P. T. Sweeney, A. L. Seitz, G. Marra, M. D. Saltzman, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background: Fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff evaluated with CT has been associated with asymmetric glenoid wear and humeral head subluxation in patients with glenohumeral arthritis. The relationship between rotator cuff pathologic findings and abnormal glenoid wear plays an important role in determining the optimal surgical management of advanced glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Compared with CT, MRI has increased sensitivity for identifying rotator cuff conditions; therefore, prior studies using CT may have underestimated the association between fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff and abnormal glenoid wear. Read More

Ann Surg Oncol 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Orthopedics, Xi Jing Hospital, Air force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.

Background: The vascularized fibula epiphyseal transfer provides a reconstructive option for longitudinal growth after oncologic resection of the proximal humerus in pediatric patients. However, postoperative fractures and poor shoulder function are common. The purpose of this review was to introduce a composite approach in oncologic reconstruction of the proximal humerus and assess its clinical outcomes. Read More

Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.

Objective: This study explored the role of occupational physical activity (OPA), physical demands and psychosocial work-related factors on low back pain (LBP) and neck-shoulder pain (NSP) amongst workers with physically demanding professions.

Methods: Data from 331 participants within the service and manufacturing sector in the Flemish Employees' Physical Activity (FEPA) study were used, with objective measures of OPA and subjective measures of physical and psychosocial work environment. A modified Nordic questionnaire collected data on LBP and NSP. Read More

J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2021 May 10. Epub 2021 May 10.

From New England Baptist Hospital, Boston, MA (Jawa), Boston Sports and Shoulder Center, Waltham, MA (Jawa), and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (Shields).

Our understanding of the pathology of and treatment for glenohumeral arthritis (GHA) has grown dramatically in the past few decades. Original observations regarding patterns of glenoid erosion, glenoid retroversion, and posterior humeral head subluxation in patients with primary GHA were documented in the 1980s and early 1990s. In the late 1990s, Walch et al proposed what is now the most widely used classification system to describe the characteristic pathology of GHA. Read More

Qual Life Res 2021 May 10. Epub 2021 May 10.

Department of Teaching, Research and Development, Schulthess Klinik, Lengghalde 2, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.

Purpose: The aim was to investigate the measurement properties of the EQ-5D-5L utility index in patients after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR), total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) or thumb carpometacarpal (CMC I) arthroplasty.

Methods: In this prospective study, all patients completed the EQ-5D-5L before surgery and 6 months and 1 year after surgery. In addition, RCR patients completed the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), TSA patients completed the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and CMC I patients completed the brief Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (brief MHQ) at each designated time point. Read More

Cureus 2021 Apr 7;13(4):e14339. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Orthopedics, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, IND.

Introduction Fracture of the clavicle bone is a very common injury owing to its subcutaneous location. Controversy exists about the optimal treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures in the presence of significant displacement and comminution of the fracture. Traditionally, non-surgical management was considered the first treatment option for most clavicle fractures. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 May 10;11(1):9858. Epub 2021 May 10.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Early recognition and rapid initiation of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are key to maximising chances of achieving successful return of spontaneous circulation in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs), as well as improving patient outcomes both inside and outside hospital. Mechanical chest compression devices such as the LUCAS-2 have been developed to assist rescuers in providing consistent, high-quality compressions, even during transportation. However, providing uninterrupted and effective compressions with LUCAS-2 during transportation down stairwells and in tight spaces in a non-supine position is relatively impossible. Read More

Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2021 Jun;29(2):119-129

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD.

Rotator cuff tears are the most common cause of shoulder disability and can cause significant pain and dysfunction. This systematic review summarizes the latest research on rehabilitation following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they pertained to postoperative rehabilitation following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and were published between 2003 and 2019 with a level of evidence of 1 or 2. Read More

Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2021 Jun;29(2):88-93

MedStar Orthopedic Institute, MedStar Health.

Multidirectional instability (MDI) of the shoulder is managed with surgery when conservative rehabilitation fails. The optimal postsurgical management of MDI is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to create a systematic review evaluating postsurgical rehabilitation protocols treating MDI. Read More

Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2021 Jun;29(2):54-62

Medstar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC.

Anterior glenohumeral instability is the most common form of shoulder instability. The systematic review summarizes the latest research on rehabilitation after Bankart repair. Inclusion criteria included postoperative rehabilitation and published in English between 2000 and 2019. Read More

Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2021 Jun;48(2):387-399

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, USC/Keck School of Medicine, 2020 Zonal Avenue, IRD 236, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. Electronic address:

Macrosomia results from abnormal fetal growth and can lead to serious consequences for the mother and fetus. In cases of suspected macrosomia, patients must be counseled carefully regarding a delivery plan, and Cesarean section should be considered when indicated. Techniques to assess for suspected macrosomia include clinical measurements, ultrasound, and MRI. Read More

Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2021 Jun;48(2):325-337

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 N. University Boulevard, UH 2440, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Electronic address:

Large for gestational age birth weight is associated with adverse short- and long-term outcomes. Infants born with large for gestational age birth weight are at increased risk for neonatal intensive care unit admission, respiratory distress, neonatal metabolic abnormalities including hypoglycemia, birth trauma, and even stillbirth or neonatal death. The risk for many of these complications increases with higher birth weights. Read More

Trials 2021 May 10;22(1):339. Epub 2021 May 10.

School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences: Physiotherapy, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia.

Background: Lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) is a common condition that can cause significant disability and associated socioeconomic cost. Although it has been widely researched, outcome measures are highly variable which restricts evidence synthesis across studies. In 2019, a working group of international experts, health care professionals and patients, in the field of tendinopathy (International Scientific Tendinopathy Symposium Consensus (ICON) Group), published the results of a consensus exercise defining the nine core domains that should be measured in tendinopathy research. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2021 May 10:e14240. Epub 2021 May 10.

Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Aydın.

Aim: The frequency of neck pain increases in adolescents and young adults. Using smart phones and computers for a long time causes posture disorders such as rounded shoulder (RSP) and forward head postures, and these posture disorders cause neck pain. The aim of the study is to analyze the correlation between shoulder and neck angles, and the stiffness of the upper trapezius and pectoralis minor muscles in patients with RSP. Read More

PLoS One 2021 10;16(5):e0251111. Epub 2021 May 10.

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Shoulder rotator cuff tendinopathy is a common debilitating condition that affects a person daily function and the quality of life. Despite its frequent occurrence, the best treatment is still inconclusive. This review assessed the clinical effect of platelet-rich plasma injection for rotator cuff tendinopathy. Read More

J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 2020 May;4(5):e2000032

From Avera Medical Group Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD (Dr. O'Brien); Llanerch Orthopaedics, Havertown, PA (Dr. Kazanjian); San Francisco Shoulder Elbow and Hand Clinic, San Francisco, CA (Dr. Kell); and Mississippi Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Center, Jackson, MS (Dr. Hobgood).

Introduction: Subscapularis dysfunction is a recognized complication after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). However, optimal subscapularis management during TSA is controversial. Subscapularis tenotomy (ST) has been used, whereas lesser tuberosity osteotomy (LTO) has gained popularity. Read More

Int J Esthet Dent 2021 May;16(2):144-167

Aim: To investigate whether: 1) in the adhesive era, a full-crown restoration in a molar tooth is more resistant compared with an overlay-type restoration; b) a posterior indirect adhesive restoration (PIAR) is similar to a sound tooth from a mechanical point of view.

Materials And Methods: Seventy extracted molars were divided into five groups (1. Butt Joint; 2. Read More

J Epidemiol Glob Health 2021 Apr 26. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Directorate of Drug Store, Injection Section, Directorate General of Medical Supplies, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.

Objective: Little information is available about the etiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, and epidemiologic features of Bone Tuberculosis (Bone-TB). In this work, we present the epidemiological data about the Bone-TB in the Sultanate of Oman.

Methods: Retrospectively, we identified and assessed those patients who were diagnosed with Bone-TB between January 2002 and December 2019 at Khoula Hospital. Read More

Cartilage 2021 May 10:19476035211012458. Epub 2021 May 10.

Department of Orthopaedics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to utilize fragility analysis to assess the robustness of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the management of articular cartilage defects of the knee. We hypothesize that the cartilage restorative literature will be fragile with the reversal of only a few outcome events required to change statistical significance.

Design: RCTs from 11 orthopedic journals indexed on PubMed from 2000 to 2020 reporting dichotomous outcome measures relating to the management of articular cartilage defects of the knee were included. Read More

J Orthop Res 2021 May 10. Epub 2021 May 10.

School of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Stress shielding of the proximal humerus following total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) can promote unfavorable bone remodeling, especially for osteoporotic patients. The objective of this finite element (FE) study was to determine if a hollow, rather than solid, titanium stem can mitigate this effect for healthy, osteopenic, and osteoporotic bone. Using a population-based model of the humerus, representative average healthy, osteopenic, and osteoporotic humerus FE models were created. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2021 21;2021:5598351. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China.

Hypertensive-induced renal damage (HRD) is an important public health and socioeconomic problem worldwide. The herb pair - (RA-) (RS) is a common prescribed herbal formula for the treatment of HRD. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Read More

Gland Surg 2021 Apr;10(4):1447-1459

Department of Breast Disease, Henan Breast Cancer Center, The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.

Background: Here, we carried out an extensive meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of the use of axillary reverse mapping (ARM) during axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in preventing breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL).

Methods: Database searches to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were performed of MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Eligible articles with a publication date from database establishment to December 2020 were retrieved by combining keywords including: "breast cancer", "breast carcinoma", "breast neoplasm", "axillary reverse mapping", "axillary lymph node dissection", "lymphatic arm drainage", and "lymphedema". Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2021 Apr 30. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Department of Hematology & Oncology, Saint Joseph's University Medical Center Paterson, New Jersey, U.S.A, 07503.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the ongoing global pandemic. It can manifest a wide range of complications depending upon the severity of infection and comorbidities of the patient. Vaccines are very important measure to provide protection against COVID-19. Read More

HSS J 2021 Feb 21;17(1):80-84. Epub 2021 Feb 21.

Sports Medicine Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.

HSS J 2021 Feb 21;17(1):75-79. Epub 2021 Feb 21.

Sports Medicine Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.