Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

JAMA 2019 Feb 17. Epub 2019 Feb 17.

University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

JAMA 2019 Feb 17. Epub 2019 Feb 17.

Departmento de Medicina Intensiva, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago.

Importance: Abnormal peripheral perfusion after septic shock resuscitation has been associated with organ dysfunction and mortality. The potential role of the clinical assessment of peripheral perfusion as a target during resuscitation in early septic shock has not been established.

Objective: To determine if a peripheral perfusion-targeted resuscitation during early septic shock in adults is more effective than a lactate level-targeted resuscitation for reducing mortality. Read More

Kyobu Geka 2019 Feb;72(2):120-123

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nagoya Tokushukai General Hospital, Kasugai, Japan.

A 73-year-old male was referred to our hospital for acute congestive heart failure. His cardiac and respiratory conditions were worsening with cardiogenic shock requiring intubation. Coronary angiography revealed severe triple vessel disease, and echocardiography showed severe left ventricular dysfunction. Read More

J Hazard Mater 2019 Feb 10;369:62-69. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

The State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.

To facilitate the pre-estimation and optimization of the prescription design of a multi-component polymer bonded explosive (PBX), a multicomponent mesoscopic reaction rate model (MC-DZK model) is developed to predicate preferably the influence of both the explosive components and the particle size of on the shock initiation. All the parameters in the model are determined directly by the parameters in the DZK model for each explosive component. Furthermore, for the multicomponent insensitive explosive PBXC10 (70% TATB, 25% HMX, and 5% Kel-F800 by weight) with different explosive particle sizes, both shock initiation experiments and corresponding numerical simulations are performed, and there is satisfactory agreement between the numerical results and the available experimental data. Read More

Heart Rhythm 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Internal insulation breaches (IBR) may result ICD lead failure and adverse clinical events. Concerns exist that the Durata lead may be prone to IBR.

Objective: Assess Durata failures in the FDA MAUDE database and compare them to failures in MAUDE for Endotak Reliance (ER) and Sprint Quattro Secure (QS) leads. Read More

Exp Gerontol 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Anesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. Electronic address:

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is common in the elderly. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER-stress) increases neuronal apoptosis after surgery, and chaperone molecules, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs), help reduce unfolded protein reactions, thereby promoting protein homeostasis. Mammal sirtuin1 (SIRT1)-mediated deacetylation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) upregulates HSF1 binding to the HSP70 promoter. Read More

JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, Marche Polytechnic University, University Hospital Umberto I, Lancisi-Salesi, Ancona, Italy.

Objectives: This study sought to assess speckle-tracking-derived parameters as predictors of first and subsequent ventricular events in patients with structural heart disease and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD).

Background: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), the current primary parameter of risk stratification for ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in structural heart diseases is burdened by many limitations.

Methods: In this retrospective, observational study, all consecutive patients with structural heart disease were admitted for ICD implantation. Read More

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS. Electronic address:

Objective: Activated recombinant factor VII (rFVIIa) has been used to treat cardiac surgical bleeding in an off-label manner. This observational report analyzes the outcomes with use of a low dose and early administration of rFVIIa for cardiac surgical bleeding.

Design: A retrospective, observational study. Read More

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Dec 31. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass.

Objectives: Beginning in 2002, all 14 Massachusetts nonfederal cardiac surgery programs submitted Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) National Database data to the Massachusetts Data Analysis Center for mandatory state-based analysis and reporting, and to STS for nationally benchmarked analyses. We sought to determine whether longitudinal prevalences and trends in risk factors and observed and expected mortality differed between Massachusetts and the nation.

Methods: We analyzed 2003 to 2014 expected (STS predicted risk of operative [in-hospital + 30-day] mortality), observed, and risk-standardized isolated coronary artery bypass graft mortality using Massachusetts STS data (N = 39,400 cases) and national STS data (N = 1,815,234 cases). Read More

Neurocrit Care 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Division of Neurocritical Care and Hospital Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.

The origin of secondary brainstem hemorrhages following an acute expansive hemispheric lesion has been attributed to Henri Duret, who proposed that hemorrhaging was caused by a shock wave through the cerebral spinal fluid. However, other experiments have shown important findings correlating brainstem hemorrhages to arterial hemorrhages. Animal studies found that the rapidity of expansion of a lesion would be crucial in producing these lesions, but there was no consistent correlation with paratentorial grooving so commonly seen with increased intracranial pressure. Read More

Planta 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Life Science, Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.

Main Conclusion: A water-deficit period, leading to stomatal control and overexpression of protective proteins (sHSP and DHN), contributes to olive´s tolerance to later imposed stress episodes. Aquaporins modulation is important in olive recovery. Olive is traditionally cultivated in dry farming or in high water demanding irrigated orchards. Read More

Pharm Res 2019 Feb 15;36(4):51. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.

Purpose: Anti-drug antibodies can impair the efficacy of therapeutic proteins and, in some circumstances, induce adverse health effects. Immunogenicity can be promoted by aggregation; here we examined the ability of recombinant mouse heat shock protein 70 (rmHSP70) - a common host cell impurity - to modulate the immune responses to aggregates of two therapeutic mAbs in mice.

Methods: Heat and shaking stress methods were used to generate aggregates in the sub-micron size range from two human mAbs, and immunogenicity assessed by intraperitoneal exposure in BALB/c mice. Read More

Cell Death Dis 2019 Feb 15;10(3):147. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.

Fhit protein is lost in cancers of most, perhaps all, cancer types; when restored, it can induce apoptosis and suppress tumorigenicity, as shown in vitro and in mouse tumor models in vivo. Following protein cross-linking and proteomics analyses, we characterized a Fhit protein complex involved in triggering Fhit-mediated apoptosis. The complex includes the heat-shock chaperonin pair, HSP60/10, which is likely involved in importing Fhit into the mitochondria, where it interacts with ferredoxin reductase, responsible for transferring electrons from NADPH to cytochrome P450 via ferredoxin, in electron transport chain complex III. Read More

BMC Genomics 2019 Feb 15;20(1):141. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

U.S. Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, Maryland, MD, 21702-5010, USA.

Background: Heat illness remains a significant cause of morbidity in susceptible populations. Recent research elucidating the cellular mechanism of heat stress leading to heat illness may provide information to develop better therapeutic interventions, risk assessment strategies, and early biomarkers of organ damage. microRNA (miRNA) are promising candidates for therapeutic targets and biomarkers for a variety of clinical conditions since there is the potential for high specificity for individual tissues and unique cellular functions. Read More

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2019 Feb;93(3):434-435

Interventional Cardiology, Lankenau Heart Institute, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania.

The use of percutaneous mechanical support devices is becoming more embedded within the therapeutic armamentarium for patients presenting with decompensated heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and patients undergoing high risk PCI. The Aortix device offers a new approach to percutaneous support that appears to be safe to implement and overcomes some of the drawbacks of the extant devices. Further investigation remains warranted to evaluate its ultimate utility and place among the approach to the patient in need of circulatory support. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Clinical Microbiology Department, Son Llàtzer Hospital, Balearic Islands, Spain.

Background: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are a common cause of consultation, and complicated cases require hospitalization. We describe factors that are related to readmission and/or mortality of hospitalized patients diagnosed with SSTIs.

Methods: Retrospective review of hospital-admitted patients with a diagnosis of cellulitis, abscess, hidradenitis, fasciitis, and Fournier's gangrene. Read More

Immunity 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia (UBC), 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; The Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UBC, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Centre for Blood Research, UBC, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Zoology, UBC, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, UBC, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada. Electronic address:

Sepsis is a bi-phasic inflammatory disease that threatens approximately 30 million lives and claims over 14 million annually, yet little is known regarding the molecular switches and pathways that regulate this disease. Here, we have described ABCF1, an ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) family member protein, which possesses an E2 ubiquitin enzyme activity, through which it controls the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- Toll-like Receptor-4 (TLR4) mediated gram-negative insult by targeting key proteins for K63-polyubiquitination. Ubiquitination by ABCF1 shifts the inflammatory profile from an early phase MyD88-dependent to a late phase TRIF-dependent signaling pathway, thereby regulating TLR4 endocytosis and modulating macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 phase. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, PR China. Electronic address:

Vascular endothelial cell (VEC) apoptosis takes part in the development of various cardiovascular diseases. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) regulates apoptosis through various apoptosis associated client proteins. In previous study, we identified a novel HSP90 inhibitor HCP1 induced apoptosis in A549 human lung cancer cells. Read More

J Crit Care 2019 Feb 5;51:71-76. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Electronic address:

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B immobilized cartridge (DHP-PMX) on meropenem pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients with sepsis requiring continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH).

Material And Methods: After intravenous infusion of 1 g meropenem over 3 h repeated every 8 h for at least 3 doses, 2 serial blood and ultrafiltration fluid samples were collected: one over a dose interval of meropenem with DHP-PMX therapy; and the other on the following day over a dose interval of meropenem with no DHP-PMX therapy. Meropenem concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Read More

Epilepsy Behav 2019 Feb 12;92:332-340. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Anatomy, Cell biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. Electronic address:

Hypoxic encephalopathy of the newborn is a major cause of long-term neurological sequelae. We have previously shown that CEP-701 (lestaurtinib), a drug with an established safety profile in children, attenuates short-term hyperexcitability and tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) receptor activation in a well-established rat model of early life hypoxic seizures (HS). Here, we investigated the potential long-term neuroprotective effects of a post-HS transient CEP-701 treatment. Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Johns Hopkins Bayview Vascular and Endovascular Research Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA. Electronic address:

Objective: Drug abuse may affect lower extremity vessels due to ischemia following intra-arterial injections, vasospasm, arterial and venous pseudoaneurysms, arteriovenous fistulae, vasculitis and complicated abscesses. Little is known about the outcomes of Lower Extremity Bypass (LEB) for peripheral arteries disease (PAD) in patients with a history of drug abuse disorder. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of LEB in this patient population. Read More

Cancer Lett 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address:

Proteasome inhibitors have been shown to induce cell death in cancer cells by triggering an acute proteotoxic stress response characterized by accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins, ER stress and the production of reactive oxygen species. The aggresome pathway has been described as an escape mechanism from proteotoxicity by sequestering toxic cellular aggregates. Here we show that b-AP15, a small-molecule inhibitor of proteasomal deubiquitinase activity, induces poly-ubiquitin accumulation in absence of aggresome formation. Read More

Exp Cell Res 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 230 Haike Road, 201210, Shanghai, China; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

CTP synthase (CTPsyn) is a metabolic enzyme essential for the de novo synthesis of CTP the nucleotide. CTPsyn can be compartmented into filamentous structures named cytoophidia. Cytoophidia are conserved in a wide range of species and are highly abundant in Drosophila ovaries. Read More

J Phys Chem A 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Hydroxyl radicals and olefins are quite important from combustion and atmospheric chemistry standpoint. Large amounts of olefinic compounds are emitted into the earth's atmosphere from both biogenic and anthropogenic sources. Olefins make a significant share in the tranportation fuels (e. Read More

J Aquat Anim Health 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Langye Animal Husbandry Company Limited, Gaozhou City, Guangdong Province, China.

Herbal supplements are suitable for improving fish health and combating diseases in fish culture. However, the mechanism of action of many herbal mixtures remains unclear. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM; a mix of Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica sinensis, and Crataegus hupehensis at a ratio of 1:1:1 on a weight basis) on growth, immune response, and disease resistance in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Read More

Br J Haematol 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Eculizumab is the first and only medication approved for paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) and atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) treatment. However, eculizumab safety based on long-term pharmacovigilance is unknown. This analysis summarises safety data collected from spontaneous and solicited sources from 16 March 2007 through 1 October 2016. Read More

Crit Care Med 2019 Mar;47(3):e273-e274

GICU, St George's Hospital, Tooting, London, United Kingdom GICU, St George's Hospital, Tooting, London, United Kingdom, and Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George's, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom.

Crit Care Med 2019 Mar;47(3):e270-e271

Pulmonary Medicine/Critical Care/Neurocritical Care, Bon Secours Medical Group, Norfolk, VA Department of Surgery, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel, and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.

J Clin Rheumatol 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate whether heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) gene polymorphisms are implicated in systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) susceptibility, the efficacy of glucocorticoids (GCs) treatment, and improvement of health-related quality of life.

Methods: A total of 499 SLE patients and 499 controls were included in a case-control study, and 468 SLE patients treated with GCs for 12 weeks were involved in a follow-up study. Patients who completed the 12-week follow-up were divided into GCs-sensitive and GCs-insensitive group by using the SLE disease activity index. Read More

Poult Sci 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN 47907.

We assessed the effects of water-chilled perches as a cooling device on the physiological parameters of caged laying hens exposed to 2 cyclic heating episodes. White Leghorns, 17 wk of age, were randomly assigned to 36 cages of 6 banks placed in the same room. Each bank was randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: cooled perch (CP), air perch (AP), and no perch (CTRL) resulting in 2 replicate banks and 12 cages per treatment. Read More

Cir Cir 2019 ;87(2):211-214

Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife, España.

Atraumatic splenic rupture, an infrequent surgical emergency, constitutes a life-threatening situation. The lack of a traumatic background makes it difficult to suspect. We present a case of a 45-year-old woman, with history of bariatric surgery, referred to our emergency due to 3 weeks long abdominal and lumbar pain, in shock. Read More

Am J Mens Health 2019 Jan-Feb;13(1):1557988319831899

1 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

This study aimed to assess efficacy and safety data from pilot trials of the radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) refractory to current medical therapy. A total of 29 men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of BPH who had responded poorly to medical therapy for at least 6 months and were poor surgical candidates were enrolled. Each participant was treated with rESWT once a week for 8 weeks, each by 2000 impulses at 2. Read More

J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.

Objective: To investigate the association between synthetic colloids and biomarkers of acute kidney injury (AKI) in dogs with hemorrhagic shock.

Design: Experimental interventional study.

Setting: University. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.

Ammonia (NH) is a highly irritant, alkaline gas. Atmospheric emission of NH was recognized as an environmental challenge. As a global issue, the NH emission survey with spatially detailed information demonstrated that the sources of atmospheric NH include agriculture (livestock wastes, fertilizers) and some industrial activities. Read More

Front Cell Dev Biol 2019 31;7. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.

Neuron-Glia related cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) is a candidate autism risk factor that promotes axon guidance through cytoskeletal linkages in developing brain but its role in limbic circuitry has not been investigated. hybridization (ISH) and immunofluorescence staining showed that NrCAM is expressed in the developing amygdalar pathway of mouse embryos during outgrowth of projections in the stria terminalis, a major limbic tract that interconnects the central amygdala (CeA) with key targets in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST). Analysis of fiber tracts in NrCAM mutant mice by Neurofilament protein immunohistochemistry showed pronounced defasciculation and misprojection of fibers in the ST. Read More

Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2018 Nov-Dec;22(6):774-779

Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Objective: Disorders of sex development (DSD) constitutes a small but difficult and equally important area of endocrinology. It is often a social emergency as the decision regarding sex assignment in these cases is extremely disturbing and difficult to both families and healthcare professionals. Our study was devised to assess the clinical and chromosomal profile of patients with suspected DSD and classify them according to the new DSD consensus document. Read More

Womens Midlife Health 2018 27;4. Epub 2018 Apr 27.

1Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Centre, GB42, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada.

Background: Some women with genetic risk of breast and/or ovarian cancer (e.g., BRCA1/2) opt to undergo prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy (PSO, or surgical removal of the ovaries & fallopian tubes) in order to reduce their risk of cancer. Read More

Front Immunol 2019 31;10:55. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis (HLH) is characterized by fulminant cytokine storm leading to multiple organ dysfunction and high mortality. HLH is classified into familial (fHLH) and into secondary (sHLH). fHLH is rare and it is due to mutations of genes encoding for perforin or excretory granules of natural killer (NK) cells of CD8-lymphocytes. Read More

Front Microbiol 2019 31;10:44. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.

The complex (ECC) includes common nosocomial pathogens capable of producing a wide variety of infections. Broad-spectrum antibiotic resistance, including the recent emergence of resistance to last-resort carbapenems, has led to increased interest in this group of organisms and carbapenem-resistant complex (CREC) in particular. Molecular typing methods based on heat-shock protein sequence, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, comparative genomic hybridization, and, most recently, multilocus sequence typing have led to the identification of over 1069 ECC sequence types in 18 phylogenetic clusters across the globe. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 Feb 14;10(1):740. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.

How turbulent energy is dissipated in weakly collisional space and astrophysical plasmas is a major open question. Here, we present the application of a field-particle correlation technique to directly measure the transfer of energy between the turbulent electromagnetic field and electrons in the Earth's magnetosheath, the region of solar wind downstream of the Earth's bow shock. The measurement of the secular energy transfer from the parallel electric field as a function of electron velocity shows a signature consistent with Landau damping. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Feb 14;9(1):2053. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

University Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Lille, F-59000, France.

The viscosity of Earth's lower mantle is poorly constrained due to the lack of knowledge on some fundamental variables that affect the deformation behaviour of its main mineral phases. This study focuses on bridgmanite, the main lower mantle constituent, and assesses its rheology by developing an approach based on mineral physics. Following and revising the recent advances in this field, pure climb creep controlled by diffusion is identified as the key mechanism driving deformation in bridgmanite. Read More

Science 2019 Feb;363(6428):723-727

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Ceramic aerogels are attractive for thermal insulation but plagued by poor mechanical stability and degradation under thermal shock. In this study, we designed and synthesized hyperbolic architectured ceramic aerogels with nanolayered double-pane walls with a negative Poisson's ratio (-0.25) and a negative linear thermal expansion coefficient (-1. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, 310029 Zhejiang, China;

Seed germination is an energy demanding process that requires functional mitochondria upon imbibition. However, how mitochondria fine tune seed germination, especially in response to the dynamics of environmental temperature, remains largely unknown at the molecular level. Here, we report a mitochondrial matrix-localized heat shock protein GhHSP24. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Feb 13;12(2). Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of General Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

A 27-year-old man presented with high-grade intermittent fever for 4 months, generalised fatigue for 2 months, intermittent gum bleeds for 1 month and loss of weight of 15 kg. He appeared cachectic with generalised wasting, had pallor and features of reticuloendothelial system proliferation. His liver span was 17 cm. Read More

Neuron 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; Inserm, UMR-S 839, 75005 Paris, France. Electronic address:

Throughout life, individuals learn to predict a punishment via its association with sensory stimuli. This process ultimately prompts goal-directed actions to prevent the danger, a behavior defined as avoidance. Neurons in the lateral habenula (LHb) respond to aversive events as well as to environmental cues predicting them, supporting LHb contribution to cue-punishment association. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Electronic address:

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify an optimal definition of massive transfusion (MT) in civilian pediatric trauma.

Methods: Severely injured children (age ≤18 years, injury severity score ≥25) in the Trauma Quality Improvement Program research datasets 2014-2015 that received blood products were identified. Children with traumatic brain injury and non-survivable injuries were excluded. Read More

J Am Coll Cardiol 2019 Feb;73(6):698-716

Division of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.

Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a rescue therapy that can stabilize patients with hemodynamic compromise, with or without respiratory failure, for days or weeks. In cardiology, the main indications for ECMO include cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, post-cardiotomy shock, refractory ventricular tachycardia, and acute management of complications of invasive procedures. The fundamental premise underlying ECMO is that it is a bridge-to recovery, to a more durable bridge, to definitive treatment, or to decision. Read More

J Am Coll Cardiol 2019 Feb;73(6):663-666

Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

J Am Coll Cardiol 2019 Feb;73(6):654-662

University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a widely used form of mechanical circulatory support in patients with refractory cardiogenic shock. A common drawback of this modality is a resultant increase in left ventricular afterload.

Objectives: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the efficacy and safety of left ventricular unloading strategies during VA-ECMO in adult patients with cardiogenic shock. Read More

J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2019 Jul;19(7):3943-3949

Division of Marine Engineering, Mokpo Maritime University, Mokpo, 58628, Rep. of Korea.

In this study, the characteristics of cavitation-erosion resistance of 316L stainless steel after plasma ion nitriding at various temperatures were investigated in natural seawater. Plasma ion nitriding was performed with N₂ and H₂ at a ratio of 1:4 from 400 to 500 °C for 10 hours. Micro-Vickers hardness measurement showed that the mechanical properties were improved by increasing hardness due to the formation of expanded austenite (S-phase) at 400 °C and 450 °C and '-Fe₄N and CrN phases at 500 °C. Read More