8,507 results match your criteria Shigellosis
Microbiol Resour Announc 2018 Nov 29;7(21). Epub 2018 Nov 29.
Division of Molecular Biology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland, USA.
Shigella is a genus of Gram-negative enteric pathogenic bacteria which has four species, Shigella dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. boydii, and S. Read More
PLoS Pathog 2018 Dec 7;14(12):e1007469. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza-Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Roma, Italy.
Shigella spp. are pathogenic bacteria that cause bacillary dysentery in humans by invading the colonic and rectal mucosa where they induce dramatic inflammation. Here, we have analyzed the role of the soluble PRR Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a key component of the humoral arm of innate immunity. Read More
Aust N Z J Public Health 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Sydney Local Health District, Public Health Unit, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, New South Wales.
Objective: To review the epidemiological differences between culture-positive and culture-negative (but ipaH PCR-positive) cases of shigellosis in Sydney Local Health District (SLHD), NSW, to inform whether changes to the national case definition for shigellosis are required.
Methods: An audit of all cases of shigellosis (culture-positive vs. culture-negative/PCR-positive) in SLHD from 1 January 2013 to 30 June 2015 was conducted and demographic, clinical and risk factors were analysed and compared between these groups. Read More
Front Microbiol 2018 9;9:2686. Epub 2018 Nov 9.
Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Gram-negative enteropathogenic bacteria use a variety of strategies to cause disease in the human host and gene regulation in some form is typically a part of the strategy. This article will compare the toxin-based infection strategy used by the non-invasive pathogen , the etiological agent in human cholera, with the invasive approach used by , the cause of bacillary dysentery. Despite the differences in the mechanisms by which the two pathogens cause disease, they use environmentally-responsive regulatory hierarchies to control the expression of genes that have some features, and even some components, in common. Read More
Infect Drug Resist 2018 31;11:2095-2106. Epub 2018 Oct 31.
Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique,
Objectives: During the period from December 2007 to November 2012, the epidemiology of diarrhea caused by was studied among children <5 years of age residing in Manhiça District, Southern Mozambique.
Materials And Methods: Children from 0 to 5 years with moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) and less severe diarrhea (LSD) were enrolled along with matched controls (by age, gender, and neighborhood). Age-stratified logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify clinical features and risk factors associated with positivity in cases of diarrhea. Read More
Nanomedicine 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India. Electronic address:
We reported earlier about nano-formulation of tetracycline through its entrapment within calcium-phosphate nano-particle (CPNP) and about killing of pathogenic bacterium Shigella flexnari 2a, resistant to tetracycline (and 9 other antibiotics), by the nanonized antibiotic (Tet-CPNP). Here, we report on therapeutic role of Tet-CPNP against deadly diarrheal disease 'shigellosis' in mice, caused by Shigella infection. Our findings revealed that occurrence of mushy-stool excretion, colon-length shortening, weight-loss and bacterial colonization in gastrointestinal tract of mice due to shigellosis was significantly reduced by Tet-CPNP treatment. Read More
Front Microbiol 2018 31;9:2609. Epub 2018 Oct 31.
Clinical Research Lab, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul National University Research Park, Seoul, South Korea.
is a highly prevalent bacterium causing acute diarrhea and dysentery in developing countries. infections are treated with antibiotics but Shigellae are increasingly resistant to these drugs. Vaccination can be a countermeasure against emerging antibiotic-resistant shigellosis. Read More
Vaccine 2018 Nov 24;36(49):7509-7519. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Health - University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. Electronic address:
Disruption of one or more components of the Tol-Pal system, involved in maintaining the integrity of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, has been proposed as a method to increase the yield obtained from natural production of outer membrane vesicles (OMV). We present a new OMV-based product, obtained from genetically modified Shigella flexneri 2a with a non-polar deletion in tolR and heat-inactivated (HT-ΔtolR). The S. Read More
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
Molecular Pathophysiology, National Inastitute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, India.
Whether zinc(Zn) regulates barrier functions by modulating tight junction (TJ) proteins when pathogens such as Shigella alter epithelial permeability is still un-resolved. We investigated the potential benefits of Zn in restoring impaired barrier function in vivo in Shigella infected mouse tissue and in vitro T84 cell monolayers. Basolateral Shigella infection triggered time dependent decrease in trans-epithelial resistance (TER) followed by an increase in paracellular permeability of FITC-labelled dextran and altered ion selectivity. Read More
Gut Pathog 2018 24;10:47. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
1Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.
Background: spp. are Gram-negative intracellular pathogenic bacteria belonging to the family and can cause bacterial dysentery, a severe diarrheal disease. The pathophysiological impact of the Gram-negative bacteria is highly related to the composition and structural variability of lipopolysaccharides, the major lipoid components of the outer membrane. Read More
Environ Monit Assess 2018 Oct 29;190(11):685. Epub 2018 Oct 29.
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Water quality and bacterial contamination from 18 drinking water municipal plants in three locations at Giza governorate were investigated. The average total count of bacteria detected after four stages of treatments in the investigated plants was 32 CFU/1 mL compared to 2330 cfu/mL for raw water, with a reduction percentage of 98.6. Read More
Sci Total Environ 2019 Feb 5;650(Pt 2):2980-2986. Epub 2018 Oct 5.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China. Electronic address:
Background: Studies about the modified effect among various meteorological factors on bacillary dysentery (BD) are limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ambient temperature and its effect modifiers on BD in Jinan.
Methods: Daily data of BD cases and meteorological factors from 2005 to 2013 were collected. Read More
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018 Oct;50(5):861-867
School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Objective: To discuss the lag effects of daily average temperature on the daily cases of bacillary dysentery in Lanzhou city.
Methods: The data of daily cases of bacillary dysentery were collected during 2008 and 2015 in the city, and the meteorological data at the same period was integrated. The distributed lag non-linear model was used to analyze the relevance between daily average temperature and the daily cases of bacillary dysentery. Read More
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 10 10;15(10). Epub 2018 Oct 10.
Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea.
Research has shown the effects of climatic factors on shigellosis; however, no previous study has evaluated climatic effects in regions with a winter seasonality of shigellosis incidence. We examined the effects of temperature and precipitation on shigellosis incidence in Korea from 2002⁻2010. The incidence of shigellosis was calculated based on data from the Korean Center for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC, Cheongju, Korea), and a generalized additive model (GAM) was used to analyze the associations between the incidence and climatic factors. Read More
Lancet Glob Health 2018 Dec 1;6(12):e1309-e1318. Epub 2018 Oct 1.
Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Background: Optimum management of childhood diarrhoea in low-resource settings has been hampered by insufficient data on aetiology, burden, and associated clinical characteristics. We used quantitative diagnostic methods to reassess and refine estimates of diarrhoea aetiology from the Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development (MAL-ED) cohort study.
Methods: We re-analysed stool specimens from the multisite MAL-ED cohort study of children aged 0-2 years done at eight locations (Dhaka, Bangladesh; Vellore, India; Bhaktapur, Nepal; Naushero Feroze, Pakistan; Venda, South Africa; Haydom, Tanzania; Fortaleza, Brazil; and Loreto, Peru), which included active surveillance for diarrhoea and routine non-diarrhoeal stool collection. Read More
J Med Microbiol 2018 Nov 25;67(11):1596-1600. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
1Field Epidemiology Services, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK.
In January 2015, Public Health England and the United Kingdom (UK) Ministry of Defence investigated cases of diarrhoea and fever in military personnel recently returned to the UK after supporting the response to the Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone. Tests for Ebola virus infection were negative. PCR tests detected the ipaH gene in 10/12 faecal specimens, and Shigella boydii serotype 20 was isolated from 7 patients. Read More
J Pediatr 2018 Oct;201:33
Department of Pediatrics St. Christopher's Hospital for Children Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Mol Biol Rep 2018 Sep 22. Epub 2018 Sep 22.
Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Iran.
Shigella dysenteriae causing shigellosis is one of the diseases that threaten the health of human society in the developing countries. In Shigella, IpaD gene is one of the key pathogenic genes causing strong mucosal immune system reactions. Anthrax disease is caused by Bacillus anthracis. Read More
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2018 Sep 15. Epub 2018 Sep 15.
Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France.
Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) are gram-negative bacteria responsible for bacillary dysentery (shigellosis) in humans, which is characterized by invasion and inflammatory destruction of the human colonic epithelium. Different EIEC and Shigella subgroups rose independently from commensal E. coli through patho-adaptive evolution that included loss of functional genes interfering with the virulence and/or with the intracellular lifestyle of the bacteria, as well as acquisition of genetic elements harboring virulence genes. Read More
Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2018 Sep 11:1-11. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
4 Department of Laboratory Sciences, Golestan Hospital, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz, Iran.
Shigella spp. are a major cause of bacillary dysentery, particularly among children in developing countries such as Iran. This study aimed to investigate the presence of two important Shigella enterotoxins (ShET-1 and ShET-2), encoded by the set and sen genes, respectively, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay among Shigella species isolated from children affected by shigellosis in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran. Read More
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 08 24;15(9). Epub 2018 Aug 24.
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China.
Background: This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological and spatiotemporal characteristics of bacillary dysentery in Zhejiang Province and to provide the basis for its monitoring, prevention and control.
Methods: This study included cases registered in China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2017 in Zhejiang. Descriptive methods were employed to investigate the long trend of this disease: gender distribution, high-risk population, seasonality, and circular distribution was explored to detect the peak period; incidence maps were made to show the incidence trend of disease at county level; spatial autocorrelation was explored and the regions with autocorrelation were detected; and spatiotemporal scan was conducted to map out the high-risk regions of disease and how long they lasted. Read More
MSMR 2018 Aug;25(8):8-12
An estimated 179 million cases of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) occur each year in the U.S. and AGE is commonly reported within both training and deployed U. Read More
Adv Gerontol 2018 ;31(2):246-249
Kirov State Medical University, 112, Karl Marx str., Kirov, 610998, Russian Federation;
The article compares the flow of intestinal infections in elderly and young people. Analyzed the medical records of 172 persons 60-85 years and 82 history persons 20-40 years with salmonellosis, shigellosis and rotavirus gastroenteritis. It is revealed that bacterial intestinal infections, salmonellosis and shigellosis, those over 60 years of age have the clinical differences and flow is heavier than in patients 20-40 years. Read More
Infect Genet Evol 2018 Nov 31;65:321-328. Epub 2018 Jul 31.
Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Electronic address:
Shigella infections account for a considerable burden of acute diarrheal diseases worldwide and remain a major cause of childhood mortality in developing countries. Although, all four species of Shigella (S. dysenteriae, S. Read More
mSphere 2018 08 1;3(4). Epub 2018 Aug 1.
Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
spp. are a major cause of diarrhea and dysentery in children under 5 years old in the developing world. The development of an effective vaccine remains a public health priority, necessitating improved understanding of immune responses to and identification of protective antigens. Read More
Nat Microbiol 2018 Sep 30;3(9):996-1009. Epub 2018 Jul 30.
National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.
Shigella flexneri, an intracellular Gram-negative bacterium causative for shigellosis, employs a type III secretion system to deliver virulence effectors into host cells. One such effector, IcsB, is critical for S. flexneri intracellular survival and pathogenesis, but its mechanism of action is unknown. Read More
Genome Biol Evol 2018 09 1;10(9):2241-2247. Epub 2018 Sep 1.
Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio.
Shigella sonnei is responsible for the majority of shigellosis infections in the US with over 500,000 cases reported annually. Here, we present the complete genome of the clinical multidrug resistant (MDR) strain 866, which is highly susceptible to bacteriophage infections. The strain has a circular chromosome of 4. Read More
Biologicals 2018 Sep 2;55:53-58. Epub 2018 Jul 2.
Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from gram negative bacteria stimulate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in immune cells. Recent reports state that bone marrow-derived cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) also express TLR proteins. Numerous researches have studied the effect of a number of LPSs on TLR4 expression, but no data exists on the effect of LPSs from different strains of one bacterial genus on TLR4 expression. Read More
Ethiop J Health Sci 2018 Mar;28(2):197-206
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University.
Background: Salmonella and Shigella remain the major contributors to acute enteric infections and diarrhoea. Hence, the objective of this study was to isolate and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella and Salmonella species from children with acute diarrhoea in Mekelle Hospital and Semen Health Center.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 260 children with acute diarrhoea from November 2011 to March 2012 in Mekelle, Ethiopia. Read More
J Med Microbiol 2018 Sep 3;67(9):1257-1264. Epub 2018 Jul 3.
1Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Public Health, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research - NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
Purpose: Both Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) can cause enterocolitis, but they have a distinct epidemiology and public health relevance. Current culture-independent testing (CIT) methods to identify Shigella in faecal samples rely on the ipaH gene as the target, which is also found in EIEC genomes. The aim of this study was to design an assay that can identify EIEC in cultures from CIT ipaH-positive samples. Read More
Clin Microbiol Infect 2018 Oct 28;24(10):1039-1045. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA; Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Background: Acute diarrhoeal disease caused by viral, bacterial and parasitic infections is a major global health problem; in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) it is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity in children under 5. Some of these infections also impact large segments of populations in high-income countries (HICs), as well as individuals who travel overseas for work, business or pleasure.
Aims: The aim of this review is to describe the current landscape of licensed enteric vaccines, potential new vaccines on the horizon, and the challenges of development and utilization of vaccines against enteric pathogens. Read More
Vaccine 2018 07 28;36(31):4641-4649. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland; Wroclaw Research Center EIT+, Wroclaw, Poland.
In earlier works we have described that mice immunized with outer membrane protein OmpC survive the challenge with live Shigella flexnerii 3a. We have also identified conformational epitope of this protein, that was recognized by mice antibodies. The aim of current work was to investigate whether synthetic OmpC epitope homologs can elicit immunological response sufficient in protecting mice against shigellosis. Read More
J Med Microbiol 2018 Aug 29;67(8):1022-1030. Epub 2018 Jun 29.
Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, Public Health England, Colindale, London, UK.
Purpose: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of 754 strains of Shigella dysenteriae isolated between 2004 and 2017 from UK travellers reporting symptoms of gastrointestinal (GI) disease were reviewed to look for evidence of emerging AMR associated with travellers' diarrhoea.
Methodology: A travel history was provided for 72.7 % (548/754) of cases, of which 90. Read More
Chemistry 2018 Jul 25;24(39):9957-9967. Epub 2018 Jun 25.
Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
The intestinal disease shigellosis caused by Shigella bacteria affects over 120 million people annually. There is an urgent demand for new drugs as resistance against common antibiotics emerges. Bacterial tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (TGT) is a druggable target and controls the pathogenicity of Shigella flexneri. Read More
N Z Med J 2018 Jun 22;131(1477):56-62. Epub 2018 Jun 22.
Public Health Physician, Health Intelligence Team, Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington.
Aim: We undertook a national survey to provide current information on antimicrobial resistance among Shigella isolated in New Zealand.
Methods: Diagnostic laboratories are requested to refer all Shigella isolates to the Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR) for epidemiological typing as part of the national surveillance of shigellosis. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 263 non-duplicate Shigella isolates referred to ESR in 2015 and 2016 was tested. Read More
Curr Protoc Microbiol 2018 Aug 24;50(1):e57. Epub 2018 May 24.
Department of Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas.
Shigella is an enteroinvasive human pathogen that infects the colonic epithelium and causes Shigellosis, an infectious diarrheal disease. There is no vaccine for the prevention or treatment of Shigellosis and antibiotic-resistant strains of Shigella are increasing, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of Shigella pathogenesis in order to design effective antimicrobial therapies. Small animal models do not recapitulate Shigellosis, therefore tissue-cultured cells have served as model systems to study Shigella pathogenesis. Read More
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018 Aug 16;57(32):10085-10090. Epub 2018 Jul 16.
Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
The enzyme tRNA-guanine transglycosylase, a target to fight Shigellosis, recognizes tRNA only as a homodimer and performs full nucleobase exchange at the wobble position. Active-site inhibitors block the enzyme function by competitively replacing tRNA. In solution, the wild-type homodimer dissociates only marginally, whereas mutated variants show substantial monomerization in solution. Read More
Emerg Infect Dis 2018 Jul;24(7):1335-1339
Whole-genome sequencing unveiled host and environment-related insights to Shigella sonnei transmission within cyclic epidemics during 2000-2012 in Israel. The Israeli reservoir contains isolates belonging to S. sonnei lineage III but of different origin, shows loss of tetracycline resistance genes, and little genetic variation within the O antigen: highly relevant for Shigella vaccine development. Read More
Infect Genet Evol 2018 Oct 12;64:52-56. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University Australia, Churchill, Australia. Electronic address:
Shigella is a common cause of diarrhoea in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and other Oceania countries. However, little is known about the strains causing infection. Archived Shigella isolates (n = 72) were obtained from research laboratories in PNG and reference laboratories in Australia. Read More
mSphere 2018 06 13;3(3). Epub 2018 Jun 13.
Department of Enteric Infections, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
is an important cause of diarrhea worldwide, with serotypes 2a, 3a, and demonstrating epidemiological prevalence. Many development efforts are focused on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-based vaccines, as O antigen-specific conjugate vaccines are immunogenic and efficacious. Immunization with vaccines containing LPS can elicit antibodies capable of killing in a serotype-specific manner. Read More
J Vis Exp 2018 05 24(135). Epub 2018 May 24.
Equipe Communication Intercellulaire et Infections Microbiennes, Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie (CIRB), Collège de France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1050; Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7241; MEMOLIFE Laboratory of Excellence and Paris Sciences et Lettres;
Ca is a ubiquitous ion involved in all known cellular processes. While global Ca responses may affect cell fate, local variations in free Ca cytosolic concentrations, linked to release from internal stores or an influx through plasma membrane channels, regulate cortical cell processes. Pathogens that adhere to or invade host cells trigger a reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton underlying the host plasma membrane, which likely affects both global and local Ca signaling. Read More
Epidemiol Infect 2018 Aug 8;146(11):1445-1451. Epub 2018 Jun 8.
Bioinformatics Department,School of Life and Health Science, Jerusalem College of Technology,Jerusalem,Israel.
Shigellosis causes significant morbidity and mortality in developing and developed countries, mostly among infants and young children. The World Health Organization estimates that more than one million people die from Shigellosis every year. In order to evaluate trends in Shigellosis in Israel in the years 2002-2015, we analysed national notifiable disease reporting data. Read More
Pan Afr Med J 2018 24;29:72. Epub 2018 Jan 24.
Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Introduction: Childhood diarrhea is highly prevalent in slums in developing countries, but it remains understudied. The objectives of this study were to explore the prevalence of , rotavirus and bacterial enteropathogens among diarrheic and non-diarrheic children and investigate socio-environmental determinants of diarrhea in two Ethiopian towns.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to October 2016. Read More
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018 May;39(5):656-660
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
To analyze the distribution characteristics of bacillary dysentery in Beijing during 2004-2015 and evaluate the influence of meteorological factors on the temporal and spatial distribution of bacillary dysentery. The incidence data of bacterial dysentery and meteorological data in Beijing from 2004 to 2015 were collected. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted to study the distribution characteristics of bacterial dysentery. Read More
Immunity 2018 Jun 29;48(6):1233-1244.e6. Epub 2018 May 29.
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Institute of Human Virology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Shigella is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes bacillary dysentery worldwide. It invades the intestinal epithelium to elicit intense inflammation and tissue damage, yet the underlying mechanisms of its host selectivity and low infectious inoculum remain perplexing. Here, we report that Shigella co-opts human α-defensin 5 (HD5), a host defense peptide important for intestinal homeostasis and innate immunity, to enhance its adhesion to and invasion of mucosal tissues. Read More
Paediatr Int Child Health 2018 11;38(sup1):S50-S65
b Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)/Wellcome Trust Research Programme , Kilifi , Kenya.
Background: Shigella remains the primary cause of diarrhoea in paediatric patients worldwide and accounts for up to 40,000 deaths per year. Current guidelines for the treatment of shigellosis are based on data which are over a decade old. In an era of increasing antimicrobial resistance, an updated review of the appropriate empirical therapy for shigellosis in children is necessary, taking into account susceptibility patterns, cost and the risk of adverse events. Read More
Euro Surveill 2018 May;23(20)
Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospitals, Heidelberg, Germany.
IntroductionThe 2015 refugee crisis raised concerns about an import of infectious diseases affecting the German population. To evaluate public and individual health benefits of stool screening, and explore whether importation of enteric pathogens by newly-arrived asylum seekers impacts on the host population. : We used data from mandatory stool screening to determine the overall, age, sex, and country-specific prevalence of enteric bacteria and helminths. Read More
World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018 May 18;34(6):72. Epub 2018 May 18.
School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, Zhejiang, China.
The aim of this study was to explore the fluoroquinolone resistance mechanism of aac (6')-Ib-cr and qnrS gene by comparing complete sequences and stability of the aac(6')-Ib-cr- and qnrS-positive plasmids from Shigella isolates in the Hangzhou area of China. The complete sequences of four newly acquired plasmids carrying aac(6')-Ib-cr or qnrS were compared with those of two plasmids obtained previously and two similar reference Escherichia coli plasmids. The results showed that the length, antibiotic resistance genes and genetic environment were different among the plasmids. Read More
Can Commun Dis Rep 2017 Jun 1;43(6):133-137. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
Northern Inter-Tribal Health Authority, Prince Albert, SK.
Background: Timely reporting of communicable diseases is necessary to enable a prompt response to mitigate and control outbreaks. This is especially true among First Nations communities due to a number of factors, including unique social determinants of health, which can contribute to rapid disease transmission.
Objective: To assess the timeliness of reporting for 12 notifiable communicable diseases in the Northern Inter-Tribal Health Authority, which includes 33 First Nations on-reserve communities in Northern Saskatchewan, Canada, and to assess whether there were differences in reporting times depending on degree of remoteness of community, season or year. Read More
Cell Host Microbe 2018 05;23(5):644-652.e5
Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. Electronic address:
In physiological settings, the complement protein C3 is deposited on all bacteria, including invasive pathogens. However, because experimental host-bacteria systems typically use decomplemented serum to avoid the lytic action of complement, the impact of C3 coating on epithelial cell responses to invasive bacteria remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that following invasion, intracellular C3-positive Listeria monocytogenes is targeted by autophagy through a direct C3/ATG16L1 interaction, resulting in autophagy-dependent bacterial growth restriction. Read More