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Medicine (Baltimore) 2023 Sep;102(38):e35359

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background: Although it is challenging to correct severe adult idiopathic scoliosis (ADIS) deformities, optimal results can be achieved by multiple asymmetric Ponte osteotomies with lower surgical risks. Skipping the apical instrumentation and using multiple rods and connectors may further facilitate the procedure. We named this method as "modular correction technique" (MCT). Read More

Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2023 Aug;59(4):535-542

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada -

Background: Accurately measuring the Cobb angle on radiographs is crucial for diagnosis and treatment decisions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, manual Cobb angle measurement is time-consuming and subject to measurement variation, especially for inexperienced clinicians.

Aim: This study aimed to validate a novel artificial-intelligence-based (AI) algorithm that automatically measures the Cobb angle on radiographs. Read More

Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2023 Aug;59(4):522-528

Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA -

Background: The psychological impact of idiopathic scoliosis has been well established in the literature. While the diagnosis of scoliosis is concerning, bracing often compounds patients' stress, and patients have expressed wanting to discuss their feelings with their healthcare providers. Counseling can be an effective coping strategy for adolescents facing chronic illness, but it has not been studied in individuals diagnosed with scoliosis. Read More

Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2023 Aug;59(4):505-521

Department of Chiropractic, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.

Introduction: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity encountered in adolescents and larger curves are more prevalent in girls. For females with scoliosis, women's health issues are of particular concern, especially pregnancy. The aim of this review was to summarise the best available evidence to determine the influence of pregnancy on scoliosis-related outcomes in women with scoliosis and whether scoliosis affects maternal-health outcomes, differentiating between patients who have been managed conservatively and/or surgically. Read More

Cureus 2023 Aug 24;15(8):e44046. Epub 2023 Aug 24.

Anaesthesiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.

A typical spine is straight and symmetrical, with all of the vertebrae facing forward when viewed from the posterior. Scoliosis is a term used to describe a lateral deviation of the spine's normal vertical line that is greater than 10° on an X-ray. More severe curves are sometimes accompanied by medical issues such as increased back discomfort and cardiorespiratory difficulties along with the cosmetic components of the deformity. Read More

Phys Eng Sci Med 2023 Sep 21. Epub 2023 Sep 21.

Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.

J Neurosurg Case Lessons 2023 Aug 28;6(9). Epub 2023 Aug 28.

Background: Neurological complications are higher in patients with severe spinal deformities (Cobb angle >100°). The authors highlight a known technique for thoracic concave apical pedicle resection that is useful for spinal cord decompression in patients with high-risk spinal deformities in the setting of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) changes.

Observations: A 14-year-old female with progressive idiopathic scoliosis presented for evaluation of her clinical deformity. Read More

Eur Spine J 2023 Sep 19. Epub 2023 Sep 19.

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.

Purpose: It has been suggested that the cause of the balance disorder seen in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) originates from the central nervous system. However, the extent of the balance problem and the dysfunction of which part of the central nervous system has not been investigated in detail. This study aimed to correlate the values obtained by balance analysis and cerebellum volume measurement in female individuals with AIS with healthy individuals. Read More

Cureus 2023 Aug 16;15(8):e43577. Epub 2023 Aug 16.

Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, William Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, USA.

An 18-year-old male with T4-L3 adult idiopathic scoliosis was treated with posterior spinal fusion followed by the application of a combined incisional negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) and subfascial suction drainage system. In this report, we describe a novel technique that incorporates subfascial drains into an NPWT incisional vacuum system leading to a single exiting suction line. This effectively mitigates drain burden, maintains a sterile environment during the in-hospital postoperative period, provides NPWT to the drain exiting and incisional sites, and provides negative pressure-assisted deep space closure. Read More

Orthop Clin North Am 2023 Oct 26;54(4):427-433. Epub 2023 Jun 26.

Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center-Campbell Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA. Electronic address:

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of scoliosis. Treatment depends on the degree of curvature, skeletal maturity, and age of the patient. Once the curve reaches 50 degrees, posterior spinal fusion (PSF) is necessary to stabilize the spine and prevent further progression of the curve. Read More

Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023 Sep 25;13(9):6164-6175. Epub 2023 Jul 25.

Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.

Background: There is an acknowledged discrepancy between radiographic and cosmetic parameters for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, no study has specifically evaluated cosmesis in patients with congenital scoliosis (CS). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the cosmetic differences between patients with CS and case-matched patients with AIS and to investigate the correlation between radiological measurements and clinical cosmetic assessment indices. Read More

Prosthet Orthot Int 2023 Sep 14. Epub 2023 Sep 14.

Handicap Activity Cognition Health-HACS BPH Inserm U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.

Background: Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common musculoskeletal deformity in children. There is a dose-response relationship between compliance and improvement in scoliosis. The literature revealed that esthetic considerations have negative consequences on the quality of life (QOL) of patients and consequently on wearing time of the brace. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2023 Aug 22. Epub 2023 Aug 22.

The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.

Background: Little data exist on pregnancy and childbirth for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients treated with a spinal fusion. The current literature relies on data from patients treated with spinal fusion techniques and instrumentation, such as Harrington rods, that are no longer in use. The objective of our study is to understand the effects of spinal fusion in adolescence on pregnancy and childbirth. Read More

Eur Spine J 2023 Sep 13. Epub 2023 Sep 13.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai-City, 980-8574, Japan.

Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2023 Sep 13. Epub 2023 Sep 13.

Biomechanics & Spine Research Group, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Objective: Detail typical three-dimensional segmental deformities and their rates of change that occur within developing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) spines over multiple timepoints.

Summary Of Background Data: AIS is a potentially progressive deforming condition that occurs in three-dimensions of the scoliotic spine during periods of growth. Read More

Eur Spine J 2023 Sep 12. Epub 2023 Sep 12.

Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.

Purpose: While the etiopathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) remains unclear, it is assumed that muscular asymmetries contribute to curve progression. As previous studies have found asymmetries of the thoracic paraspinal muscles in AIS patients, our study's aim was to analyze differences in the erector spinae, multifidus, quadratus lumborum, and psoas muscles of the lumbar spine depending on the curve's radiographic characteristics.

Methods: We retrospectively included all patients who received posterior reposition spondylodesis for AIS treatment at our institution. Read More

J Med Genet 2023 Sep 11. Epub 2023 Sep 11.

Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a structural lateral spinal curvature of ≥10° with rotation. Approximately 2%-3% of children across populations are affected with AIS, and this condition is responsible for ~$3 billion in costs within the USA. Although AIS is believed to have a strong genetic contribution, clinical translation of identified genetic variants has stalled. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2023 Sep 11. Epub 2023 Sep 11.

Scottish Rite for Children, Dallas, TX.

Background: Socioeconomic disparities in musculoskeletal care are increasingly recognized, however, no studies to date have investigated the role of the insurance carrier on outcomes after posterior spinal fusion (PSF) with segmental spinal instrumentation for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: A US insurance dataset was queried using the PearlDiver Mariner software for all patients aged 10 to 18 undergoing PSF for a primary diagnosis of AIS between 2010 and 2020. Age, sex, geographic region, number of levels fused, and baseline medical comorbidities were queried. Read More

Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2023 Sep 11. Epub 2023 Sep 11.

Department of Orthopaedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center.

Study Design: Retrospective Review.

Objective: Our goal was to investigate the incidence of cervical DDD in patients with AIS, prior to surgical intervention.

Summary Of Background Data: AIS is often associated with thoracic hypokyphosis and compensatory cervical kyphosis. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2023 Sep 11. Epub 2023 Sep 11.

Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.

Introduction: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis radiographic screening will often include the hips. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of hip dysplasia by lateral center edge angle (LCEA) on scoliosis radiographs in patients presenting with severe range (>45 deg) idiopathic curves.

Methods: We reviewed 200 consecutive patients (400 hips) with idiopathic scoliosis with major coronal curves ≥45 degrees between October 2009 and October 2022. Read More

J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2023 Aug 27. Epub 2023 Aug 27.

Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Nakornpathom, Thailand.

Background: Self-corrective exercise is commonly used in the training protocol of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The muscle activation pattern during symmetrical and overcorrection exercises is then explored to guide the treatmentOBJECTIVE: To compare the paraspinal muscle activity during three self-corrective positions and the habitual standing in AISMETHODS: Thirty-three adolescents with doublecurved scoliosis were examined. The curve type and Cobb's angle were determined from their whole spine X-ray. Read More

Asian Spine J 2023 Sep 11. Epub 2023 Sep 11.

Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Study Design: This study adopted a prospective cohort study design.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine electromyogram (EMG) discrepancy in paravertebral muscle activity and scoliosis progression, determine how vertebral morphology and EMG discrepancy evolve during scoliosis progression, and identify differences in EMG activity between individuals with and without adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Overview Of Literature: Higher EMG activity is observed in the convex side of scoliotic curves, but not in populations without scoliosis, suggesting that higher EMG activity is a causative factor for curve progression. Read More

Spine Deform 2023 Sep 9. Epub 2023 Sep 9.

Division of Orthopedics and Scoliosis, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.

Purpose: The aim of our study was to determine the relationship between Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) scores-a simple, validated depression screening tool-and Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22 questionnaire scores in patients with idiopathic scoliosis (IS).

Methods: IS patients screened for depression with the PHQ-2 who completed the SRS-22 over a 2-year period were reviewed. If PHQ-2 scores were positive (> 3), the more comprehensive PHQ-9 was administered. Read More

Sensors (Basel) 2023 Sep 4;23(17). Epub 2023 Sep 4.

Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University "La Statale", 20122 Milan, Italy.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common disease that, in many cases, can be conservatively treated through bracing. High adherence to brace prescription is fundamental to gaining the maximum benefit from this treatment approach. Wearable sensors are available that objectively monitor the brace-wearing time, but their use, combined with other interventions, is poorly investigated. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2023 Aug 27;24(17). Epub 2023 Aug 27.

Paediatric Orthopaedic Department, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.

The causes and mechanisms underlying adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) remain unclear, and the available information regarding metabolic imbalances in AIS is still insufficient. This investigation aimed to evaluate the concentrations of specific bone remodeling-related agents in postmenarcheal girls diagnosed with AIS. The study encompassed thirty-six scoliosis patients and eighteen age-matched healthy individuals assigned to the control group. Read More

J Clin Med 2023 Sep 4;12(17). Epub 2023 Sep 4.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15W7, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), the most common pediatric musculoskeletal disorder, causes a three-dimensional spine deformity. Lenke type 5 AIS is defined as a structural thoracolumbar/lumbar curve with nonstructural thoracic curves. Although a rod curvature will affect clinical outcomes, intraoperative contouring of the straight rod depends on the surgeon's knowledge and experience. Read More

J Clin Med 2023 Aug 28;12(17). Epub 2023 Aug 28.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Seta, Otsu 520-2192, Shiga, Japan.

Reciprocal sagittal alignment changes after adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) posterior corrective surgery have been reported in the cervical spine, but the evidence is not yet sufficient. Furthermore, much remains unknown about the effects of cervical kyphosis on clinical outcomes in AIS. Forty-five consecutive patients (4 males and 41 females) with AIS and Lenke type 1 or 2 curves underwent a posterior spinal fusion, and a minimum of 24-month follow-up was collected from our prospective database. Read More

Clin Spine Surg 2023 Sep 4. Epub 2023 Sep 4.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

Study Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of chewing gum on postoperative abdominal pain, nausea, and hospital stays after posterior spinal fusions (PSFs) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Summary Of Background Data: Chewing gum had been extensively reported to improve bowel motility and is recommended to hasten bowel recovery following gastrointestinal surgery. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2023 Sep 8. Epub 2023 Sep 8.

Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common spinal deformity in young women, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. The primary pathogenic factors contributing to its development include genetics, abnormal bone metabolism, and endocrine factors. Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AIS by regulating its occurrence and progression. Read More

IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2023 Sep 8;PP. Epub 2023 Sep 8.

An accurate identification and localization of vertebrae in X-ray images can assist doctors in measuring Cobb angles for treating patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. It is useful for clinical decision support systems for diagnosis, surgery planning, and spinal health analysis. Currently, publicly available annotated datasets on spinal vertebrae are small, making deep-learning-based detection methods that are highly data-dependent less accurate. Read More