World Neurosurg 2022 Jun 8. Epub 2022 Jun 8.
Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Buffalo General Medical Center, Kaleida Health, Buffalo, New York, USA; Department of Radiology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA; Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA; Jacobs Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are congenital errors of vascular morphogenesis that occur during development of the cardiovascular system. Multiple treatment options exist, including coil embolization, Onyx (Medtronic) embolization, n-butyl-2 cyanoacrylate (n-BCA), alcohol embolization or sclerotherapy, and open surgical treatments. When the AVM involves superficial regions of the face, head, and neck, it is important to consider cosmetic side effects, such as surgical scarring and skin discoloration. Read More