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Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2020 Jun 5. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Background And Importance: Pseudoaneurysms involving the superficial temporal artery (STA), either iatrogenic or caused by direct trauma, are rare. The STA is prone to injury due to its long course throughout the scalp. Injuries can cause cosmetic defects and/or skin breakdown leading to further complications. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Servicio de Dermatología. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS. Madrid, Spain; Grupo de Dermatología Pedro Jaén, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:

PLoS One 2020 5;15(6):e0231169. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.

Known as a degenerative and progressive dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects about 25 million elderly people around the world. This illness results in a decrease in the productivity of people and places limits on their daily lives. Electroencephalography (EEG), in which the electrical brain activity is recorded in the form of time series and analyzed using signal processing techniques, is a well-known neurophysiological AD biomarker. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2020 Jun 5. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Department of Dermatology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Background: Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare, congenital disorder characterized by localised or widespread absence of skin at birth with heterogeneous clinical presentation. The classification proposed by Frieden in 1986 is widely used.

Aim: To establish whether, 34 years on, the Frieden classification still meets our needs. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2020 Jun 5. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Background: The horizontal section of a scalp specimen offers an advantage over a vertical section by providing quantitative information. The reference data for hair counts in Asians, including Thais, are inconclusive. We aimed to determine the normal values of hair counts in scalp biopsy specimens in the Thai population. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2020 Jun 5. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

CL Clinic, Himeji, Hyogo, 670-0961, Japan.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of alopecia. Currently, various methods have been tried to treat male AGA, but the outcomes are often unsatisfactory, especially for elderly persons. We report a case of a 70-year-old Japanese man with a long-standing AGA. Read More

Pathologe 2020 Jun 4. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Univ. Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Medzinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 9, 8036, Graz, Österreich.

Pathologists often feel discomfort when confronted with scalp biopsies, especially in the case of horizontal sectioning, which is particularly useful in the event of nonscarring alopecia. Apart from a profound knowledge of follicular anatomy, one should be capable of correlating the histologic information with the clinical features of various inflammatory scalp disorders. This review addresses the basic principles of the interpretation of scalp biopsies and discusses the most common forms of scarring and nonscarring alopecia. Read More

Epilepsy Res 2020 May 21;164:106364. Epub 2020 May 21.

4BRAIN, Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address:

Background And Purpose: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a known risk factor for the development of seizures, but little is known about the pathophysiology of seizures in the acute phase post-ICH and their influence on functional outcome. With the use of an animal model, the underlying pathophysiology could be further unraveled. The aim of our study was to optimize the rat collagenase stroke model for the detection of acute symptomatic seizures using video-EEG monitoring. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Jun 1. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, New York. Electronic address:

J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Jun 1. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Dr Dashore's DHL Centre, 35 EF Scheme No 54, in front of Hotel Marriot, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India 452001. Electronic address:

J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Jun 1. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Dermatology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon. Electronic address:

The genital skin may be affected by a variety of dermatoses, be it inflammatory, infectious, malignant, idiopathic or others. The Red Scrotum Syndrome is characterized by persistent erythema of the scrotum associated with a burning sensation, hyperalgesia, and itching. Its cause is unknown but proposed mechanisms include rebound vasodilation following prolonged topical corticosteroid use and localized erythromelalgia. Read More

Am J Hum Genet 2020 May 22. Epub 2020 May 22.

Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing 100034, China. Electronic address:

IFAP syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by ichthyosis follicularis, atrichia, and photophobia. Previous research found that mutations in MBTPS2, encoding site-2-protease (S2P), underlie X-linked IFAP syndrome. The present report describes the identification via whole-exome sequencing of three heterozygous mutations in SREBF1 in 11 unrelated, ethnically diverse individuals with autosomal-dominant IFAP syndrome. Read More

Altern Lab Anim 2020 Jan;48(1):10-22

Kosmoscience Group, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

The development of alternative approaches for safety and efficacy testing that avoid the use of animals is a worldwide trend, which relies on the improvement of current models and tools so that they better reproduce human biology. Human skin from elective plastic surgery is a promising experimental model to test the effects of topically applied products. As the structure of native skin is maintained, including cell population (keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells and fibroblasts) and dermal matrix (containing collagen, elastin, glycosaminoglycans, etc. Read More

Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2020 Jun 4;112. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Portugal.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Psoriasis are chronic inflammatory diseases that share common genotype, clinical course, and immunological features, although its relationship is still unclear. We report a 34-year-old woman with ileal Crohn's disease diagnosed 14 years ago, with the development of extensive, exudative scalp lesions after adalimumab therapy. Biopsies from skin lesions were compatible with vulgar psoriasis. Read More

Heliyon 2020 May 27;6(5):e04043. Epub 2020 May 27.

System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.

Background: Human clinical studies reported that several electroencephalographical (EEG) parameters can be used as biomarkers of psychiatric disorders. EEGs recorded from non-human primates (monkeys) is useful for understanding of human pathologies of psychiatric disorders and development of new therapeutic agents.

New Methods: In this study, we expand a previous non-invasive head holding system with face masks for awake monkeys to be applied to scalp EEG recording. Read More

JPRAS Open 2020 Sep 16;25:4-7. Epub 2020 May 16.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Wythenshawe Hospital, Southmoor Rd, Wythenshawe, Manchester M23 9LT, United Kingdom.

Introduction: Aplasia cutis congenita presents a reconstructive challenge. We report the use of a tube pedicle radial forearm flap for scalp resurfacing in a patient who previously had two failed free flaps.

Case Report: A young male patient with cutis aplasia presented with a large full thickness defect of his occiput. Read More

Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2020 Apr 6;37(2):274-276. Epub 2020 May 6.

Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.

Clin Neurophysiol 2020 May 22. Epub 2020 May 22.

Neurology, Neurophysiology and Neurobiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy.

Objectives: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a genetic generalized epilepsy marked by cortical hyperexcitability. Recent neuroimaging data suggested also a thalamic role in sustaining epileptic propensity in JME. However, thalamic hyperexcitability was not demonstrated so far. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 May 30. Epub 2020 May 30.

Massachusettes General Hospital, Department of Dermatology.

Adv Mater 2020 Jun 2:e2001459. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.

Near-infrared (NIR) activatable upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) enable wireless-based phototherapies by converting deep-tissue-penetrating NIR to visible light. UCNPs are therefore ideal as wireless transducers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of deep-sited tumors. However, the retention of unsequestered UCNPs in tissue with minimal options for removal limits their clinical translation. Read More

Am J Transplant 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.

On July 3, 2014, the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) began overseeing vascularized composite allotransplantation/allografts (VCA) in the United States. For the past six years, centers performing VCAs have been requested to submit data into a biometric repository, in parallel with systems used by solid organ transplant centers. Currently, 62 VCAs are reported in the entire OPTN database, with 36 of these transplants reported as performed after VCA was added to the OPTN Final Rule. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May;99(21):e20368

Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine.

Background: Tong Jing Tiao Xing tuina (TJTX) is a Chinese massage method. Excising with scalp acupuncture (ESA) is a treatment combining scalp electroacupuncture with physical therapy (PT), and yinao fujian formula (YNFJ) is a Chinese oral herbal granule medicine. The combination of the 3 methods is called the "Zhishen Tiaoxing" (ZSTX) rehabilitation program, which is used as an alternative of limb spasm after stroke. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2020 Jun 1:e13744. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Centro Oncologico ad Alta Tecnologia Diagnostica, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Recently 5-fluorouracil 0.5% / salicylic acid 10% (5-FU/SA) topical solution has been included in the National Italian portfolio for lesion-directed treatment of grade I/II actinic keratosis (AKs) located on the face or scalp. To describe the utility of dermoscopy and RCM in treatment response monitoring of a series of AKs treated with 5-FU/SA as lesion-directed therapy. Read More

Sleep 2020 Jun 1. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Study Objectives: Develop a high-performing, automated sleep scoring algorithm that can be applied to long-term scalp electroencephalography (EEG) recordings.

Methods: Using a clinical dataset of polysomnograms from 6,431 patients (MGH-PSG dataset), we trained a deep neural network to classify sleep stages based on scalp EEG data. The algorithm consists of a convolutional neural network (CNN) for feature extraction, followed by a recurrent neural network (RNN) that extracts temporal dependencies of sleep stages. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2020 Mar-Apr;11(2):284-285. Epub 2020 Mar 9.

Department of Dermatology, VS General Hospital, Smt NHL MMC, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Med Mycol Case Rep 2020 Sep 19;29:5-7. Epub 2020 May 19.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Research Center for Medical Mycology, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, 100034, China.

A 5-year-old boy was presented with large ulcer accompanied by surrounding follicular pustules on the left parietal scalp. Dermoscopy showed "comma" and dystrophic broken hairs. Fungal culture showed mixed growth of two types of colonies. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2020 6;8:2050313X20919614. Epub 2020 May 6.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Background: Ocrelizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 antigen found on B-cells. It is indicated in the treatment of both relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and primary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Objective: The aim of this study is to report and describe the characteristics of alopecia areata following treatment with ocrelizumab for multiple sclerosis. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol India 2020 Jun 6;70(3):208-213. Epub 2020 May 6.

2Department of Sensor and Biomedical Technology, School of Electronics Engineering VIT Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu India.

Key Message: The new NB scope aids in better visualization of the scalp and blood collection and analysis at bed side.

Objective: Caesarean section rates and inherent complications are on the rise all over the world. One way to avoid a caesarean is to measure fetal scalp blood lactate levels. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2020 May 31. Epub 2020 May 31.

Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK.

We present the case of a male who shortly after birth developed acute respiratory distress due to bilateral choanal atresia, following which he was found to have rectal stenosis. Genetic testing for CHARGE syndrome was negative, but whole genome sequencing identified heterozygosity for a pathogenic missense variant in TP63 (c.727C > T, p. Read More

Pharm Res 2020 May 31;37(6):112. Epub 2020 May 31.

Centre for Research in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK.

Purpose: The aim of this work was to evaluate whether improved topical delivery of finasteride, focussed to the hair follicles of human scalp skin could be achieved with application of short durations of heat and use of specific chemical penetration enhancers.

Methods: Franz cell experiments with human scalp skin were performed with a range of chemical penetration enhancers at 32°C and 45°C to simulate normal and heated conditions. Selected chemical penetration enhancers were taken forward for finite dose Franz cell studies which examined the effect of heat produced by a prototype external heating system that supplied either 20 or 30 min of additional heat over both a 24 h and a 1 h time period. Read More

Neurosurg Clin N Am 2020 Jul 25;31(3):345-371. Epub 2020 Apr 25.

Department of Neurology, University of Florida, McKnight Brain Institute, 1149 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. Electronic address:

Analysis of scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) findings is indispensable to investigation of epilepsy surgery candidates. Maxima of slowing and epileptiform spiking on interictal EEG reflect gross localization of core epileptogenic regions within a network. Important negative scalp EEG findings are those associated with deep foci. Read More

J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020 May 20;187:113373. Epub 2020 May 20.

Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil. Electronic address:

The association of minoxidil sulphate and latanoprost is currently emerging as a promising strategy for the treatment of androgenic alopecia, which is the most common type of scalp hair loss. In order to support the development of new pharmaceutical products containing such drugs combination, this study proposes a simple and efficient LC-MS bioanalytical method to simultaneously quantify minoxidil sulphate and latanoprost in different skin layers. Compounds separation was performed by liquid chromatography using a C column with gradient elution of a mobile phase composed of 0. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2020 May 28. Epub 2020 May 28.

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY.

Large head and neck arteriovenous malformations are notoriously difficult to manage given their location and propensity for extreme hemorrhage. We propose a unique approach utilizing a Hyperform balloon and percutaneous Surgiflo sclerotherapy to provide intraoperative hemostatic stability during the excision of a left-sided scalp arteriovenous malformation. In a hybrid operating room a microcatheter balloon was fed into the left external carotid artery for occlusion of the malformation's main blood supply, and subsequently followed with digital subtraction angiography guided sclerotherapy of selective vessels. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2020 Jun;118(3):e292-e295

Pediatría, Equipo de Atención Primaria (EAP) Calatayud Norte, Calatayud, Zaragoza, España.

The entity called tick-borne lymphadenopathy, also known as dermacentor-borne necrosis eritema lymphadenopathy, is included in the differential diagnosis of diseases transmitted by ticks, which have increased considerably in recent years due to greater clinical-epidemiological observation and diagnostic improvement. It is a zoonosis caused by Rickettsia slovaca and transmitted by the bite of the Dermacentor marginatus tick. Affected patients have a necrotic eschar surrounded by an erythematous halo in the scalp, as well as painful regional lymphadenopathy. Read More

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2020 May 29. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Dermatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Autism Res 2020 May 28. Epub 2020 May 28.

Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation and Division of Cognitive Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

A range of scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities correlates with the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Among these are alterations of brain oscillations in the gamma-frequency EEG band in adults and children with ASD, whose origin has been linked to dysfunctions of inhibitory interneuron signaling. While therapeutic interventions aimed to modulate gamma oscillations are being tested for neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and frontotemporal dementia, the prospects for therapeutic gamma modulation in ASD have not been extensively studied. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2020 May 29:e13690. Epub 2020 May 29.

Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Aiming to explore the main factors affecting the occurrence of dandruff in healthy people (nondisease-induced scalp desquamation).This study analysed the fungal microbial diversity of the scalp in Chinese teenage volunteers and measured scalp sebum secretion, the scalp pH value, and scalp transepidermal water loss (TEWL). The amount and size of dandruff were measured, and the main factors that influence dandruff in the normal population were identified using principal component analysis. Read More

Brain Sci 2020 May 26;10(6). Epub 2020 May 26.

Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.

It is important to maintain attention when carrying out significant daily-life tasks that require high levels of safety and efficiency. Since degradation of attention can sometimes have dire consequences, various brain activity measurement devices such as electroencephalography (EEG) systems have been used to monitor attention states in individuals. However, conventional EEG instruments have limited utility in daily life because they are uncomfortable to wear. Read More

Cutis 2020 Apr;105(4):183-188

University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.

Consumers of African descent use an array of hair-grooming products. They are attracted to products that promote moisture and minimize breakage because their hair is prone to dryness and fragility. Herein, we discuss popular hair care products used by African Americans as well as their ingredients, including sulfates, surfactants, silicones, oils, and parabens. Read More

Biomed Tech (Berl) 2020 May 28. Epub 2020 May 28.

Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Objectives In this study, the performance of OpenBCI, a low-cost bio-amplifier, is assessed when used for 3D motion reconstruction. Methods Eleven scalp electrode locations from three subjects were used, with sampling rate of 125 Hz, subsequently band-pass filtered from 0.5 to 40 Hz. Read More

MAGMA 2020 May 27. Epub 2020 May 27.

Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to develop a numerical workflow for simulating temperature increase in a high-resolution human head and torso model positioned in a whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radio-frequency (RF) coil in the presence of a transcranial electric stimulation (tES) setup.

Methods: A customized human head and torso model was developed from medical image data. Power deposition and temperature rise (ΔT) were evaluated with the model positioned in a whole-body birdcage RF coil in the presence of a tES setup. Read More

Cureus 2020 Apr 23;12(4):e7801. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Northwell Health/Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, USA.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is an undifferentiated high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma and is considered the most common primary soft tissue sarcoma in adults. MFH is known to arise in the trunk, extremities and retroperitoneum although it can arise anywhere in the body.MFH of the skin is uncommon and even less frequent is the involvement of the scalp, especially with skull invasion. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2020 May 27;20(1):258. Epub 2020 May 27.

Research Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Frederiksberg, Denmark.

Background: Cortisol is often used as a biological marker for stress. When measured in urine or serum, representing a short-term measurement of the hormone, it has been associated with unfavorable sleep characteristics and both low and high physical activity levels. However, cortisol in hair represents a long-term stress measure and has been suggested as a promising new marker for chronic stress. Read More

J Neural Eng 2020 May 27. Epub 2020 May 27.

Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND.

Objective: The auditory brainstem response can be recorded non-invasively from scalp electrodes and serves as an important clinical measure of hearing function. We have recently shown how the brainstem response at the fundamental frequency of continuous, non-repetitive speech can be measured, and have used this measure to demonstrate that the response is modulated by selective attention. However, different parts of the speech signal as well as several parts of the brainstem contribute to this response. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2020 May 26:e13694. Epub 2020 May 26.

Sinclair Dermatology, 2 Wellington Parade, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Lichen planopilaris (LPP) and frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) are lymphocytic, cicatricial alopecias. Clinically, LPP presents with multifocal patchy alopecia, while FFA, considered a variant of LPP, results in hairline recession. Frontal recession in FFA may progress as far as the mid-scalp and infrequently beyond. Read More

Ann Surg Oncol 2020 May 26. Epub 2020 May 26.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: The incidence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) of angiosarcomas is reported to be less than 15%, and elective neck management has not been indicated. This study evaluated the incidence and pattern of regional LNM in patients with scalp angiosarcomas using the clinical data of its full course to understand time-event sequences of scalp angiosarcomas.

Methods: This retrospective study included all consecutive cases of pathology-confirmed angiosarcomas and analyzed 40 cases of scalp angiosarcomas. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 May 26;10(1):8653. Epub 2020 May 26.

Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.

Recent studies in brain science and neurological medicine paid a particular attention to develop machine learning-based techniques for the detection and prediction of epileptic seizures with electroencephalogram (EEG). As a noninvasive monitoring method to record brain electrical activities, EEG has been widely used for capturing the underlying dynamics of disruptive neuronal responses across the brain in real-time to provide clinical guidance in support of epileptic seizure treatments in practice. In this study, we introduce a novel dynamic learning method that first infers a time-varying network constituted by multivariate EEG signals, which represents the overall dynamics of the brain network, and subsequently quantifies its topological property using graph theory. Read More

Rev Med Interne 2020 May 23. Epub 2020 May 23.

Service de médecine interne, Groupe hospitalier de la région de Mulhouse et sud-Alsace Hôpital Emile Muller, 20, rue du Dr Laennec, 68070 Mulhouse, France.