Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Pediatr Orthop 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of concurrent ipsilateral distal tibial fractures with tibial shaft fractures in the pediatric population; to identify patient and fracture characteristics that increase the likelihood of a concurrent fracture; and determine if any of these concurrent distal tibial fractures were missed on initial radiographic examination.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was done to identify patients 5 to 17 years old who were treated for a tibial shaft fracture at a large, Level 1 free-standing children's hospital and an outpatient orthopaedic practice between 2008 and 2016. Patient and fracture characteristics were recorded. Read More

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019 Mar;49(3):209

A 15-year-old high school football player sustained direct impact to his anteromedial left knee by a teammate's helmet during practice. The physician referred the athlete immediately to an after-hours clinic for imaging to rule out a fracture. Radiographs of the knee showed a nondisplaced Salter-Harris type II fracture. Read More

PM R 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Division, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Departments of Neurology and Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.

A sacral pedicle stress fracture is an uncommon source of low back pain in adolescent athletes. Given the extensive differential diagnosis of low back pain coupled with the fact that non- directed specific imaging can be normal, diagnosis can be delayed. We report the case of a 15- year-old African American male, dual-sport athlete who experienced low back pain from a sacral pedicle stress fracture. Read More

J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2018 Jul-Sep;30(3):463-467

SUNY Upstate Medical University, United States.

Salter-Harris type I fractures of the distal tibia are commonly seen in paediatrics and management of such fractures follows an algorithm established in the literature. Despite this, osteonecrosis of the distal tibia can subsequently develop. Osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis is cell death that occurs secondary to trauma, metabolic disturbances, sickle cell disease, or medication side effect. Read More

Emerg Med J 2018 Nov;35(11):679-680

Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland.

An 11-year-old girl presented with pain and deformity in her right little finger distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ). She was active in several sports including hurling and had a history of dyspraxia with frequent minor soft tissue injuries which had not required hospital assessment. Her mother was concerned about the possibility of a recent injury. Read More

J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2018 Oct 16. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

From the Wright State University (Mr. Sirois), Boonshoft School of Medicine, the Department of Orthopedics (Dr. Kreul), Wright State University, and the Department of Orthopedics (Dr. Shank), Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, OH.

Management of displaced pediatric radial neck fractures can be fraught with challenges. This unique case presents an 11-year-old female with a Salter-Harris type II radial neck fracture and how her radial head overturned 180° with the articular surface facing the radial shaft rather than the capitellum during closed manipulation under anesthesia. The malreduction subsequently required open reduction and highlights the importance of a careful stepwise approach to managing markedly displaced radial neck fractures. Read More

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2018 May-Aug;26(3):2309499018801136

1 Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Purpose: Presently, there is no publication combining clinical follow-up with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine possible post-traumatic alterations following paediatric intra-articular fractures of the medial malleolus. Therefore, the aims of this study were to retrospectively analyze a cohort of patients with Salter-Harris (SH) III and IV fractures of the medial malleolus and to evaluate their long-term outcome. MRI was used to assess possible changes of the articular surface that cannot be diagnosed on native radiographs. Read More

Indian J Orthop 2018 Sep-Oct;52(5):462-469

Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.

Background: The presence of growth plates at the ends of long bones makes fracture management in children unique in terms of the potential risk of developing angular deformities and growth arrest.

Materials And Methods: We discuss three distinct cases depicting various aspects of physeal injury of the lower extremity in children.

Results: The case illustrations chosen represent distinct body regions and different physeal injuries: Salter-Harris II fracture of the distal femur, Salter-Harris VI perichondrial injury of the medial aspect of the knee region, and Salter-Harris III fracture of the distal tibia. Read More

Orthopedics 2018 Nov 18;41(6):e777-e782. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

The clinical and radiological outcomes of proximal tibia fractures involving the meta-diaphyseal junction treated with unilateral 3.5-mm locking precontoured anatomical plates are reported. Thirty-nine patients (41 proximal tibia fractures) who had proximal tibia fractures with complete meta-diaphyseal dissociation were enrolled in the study. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop B 2019 Jan;28(1):73-78

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Regional Rheumatoid and Degenerative Arthritis Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.

We observed an unusual type of volar Barton fracture in the pediatric age and performed open reduction and internal fixation of the fragment, using the buttress plate in consecutive children. We report the radiological and clinical outcomes after follow-up for at least 3 years. From March 2008 to September 2014, nine consecutive children were treated by buttress plating. Read More

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018 Sep;48(9):729

A 13-year-old male gymnast presented via direct access to physical therapy with a chief complaint of insidious-onset right anterolateral shoulder pain that occurred only when performing on the rings and high bar. Following physical examination, the patient was advised to avoid any gymnastic activities that might cause pain while completing stretching and neuromuscular training over the following 2 weeks. Due to continued symptoms, the patient was then referred to an orthopaedist. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2018 Nov/Dec;38(10):e634-e639

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC.

Background: Physeal fractures and resultant physeal bars can pose significant problems in skeletal development for the injured growing child. Although now well-recognized, only a small body of experimental literature covering this problem is available. The goal of this study was to help further develop an understanding of the different regions of the physis and the way in which each region responds to injury/fracture. Read More

Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2019 Jan 18;101(1):74-75. Epub 2018 Jun 18.

Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust , UK.

Med Hypotheses 2018 Jun 30;115:65-71. Epub 2018 Mar 30.

Department of Pediatrics and Pathology, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, United States.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to review the histopathology in the original articles by authors Kleinman and Marks that described the specificity of the classical metaphyseal lesion for child abuse and to determine if there were any oversights in the authors' analysis.

Methods: We reviewed the histopathology of the original studies that equated the classical metaphyseal lesion with child abuse. We compared this with the histopathology of metaphyseal fractures caused by known accidental, severe trauma in children and reviewed the histopathology of artifacts that can sometimes be produced in bone histology preparations. Read More

J Knee Surg 2018 Jul 28;31(6):486-489. Epub 2018 Feb 28.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Physeal fractures of the distal femoral are rare injuries accounting for less than 2% of all physeal injuries, and tend to have a worse prognosis than similar injuries in other locations. This article reviews the evaluation (including imaging), classification, and treatment of these injuries, and discusses their most important complications and their management, including vascular injury and growth arrest. Read More

J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2018 Mar;23(1):125-127

* Department of Orthopedics, Hamawaki Orthopaedic Hospital, Hiroshima.

We describe a case of isolated physeal fracture of ulna distal end in a 13-year-old boy. This fracture type is uncommon, especially Salter-Harris type III of this injury has not been reported. Plain radiographs showed a small vertical fracture line at the ulnar distal end and an enlargement of epiphyseal plate at the base of ulnar styloid process. Read More

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2018 Feb 6;22(1):95-103. Epub 2018 Feb 6.

Department of Radiology and Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.

The primary physis is responsible for long bone growth in children and adolescents. Injury and physiologic or metabolic stress to the primary physis present unique radiologic findings that are important for radiologists to recognize and diagnose. Appreciation of the anatomy and histology of the primary physis forms the basis for understanding the imaging findings associated with pathologic conditions affecting the primary physis. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2018 Mar 9;36(3):527.e5-527.e7. Epub 2017 Dec 9.

University of Kansas Health System, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States.

Background: McFarland fracture is the eponym for a rare Salter Harris III or IV fracture involving the medial distal tibia. These fractures can be difficult to diagnose without a high index suspicion and appropriate radiographic imaging. These fractures may result in significant growth disturbances to the pediatric patient. Read More

Clin Orthop Surg 2017 Dec 10;9(4):537-541. Epub 2017 Nov 10.

Doi Orthopaedic Clinic, Takatsuki, Japan.

We analyzed three-dimensional (3D) humeral deformity (valgus-varus, flexion-extension, and rotational deformation) after little leaguer's shoulder using 3D computed tomography in a 15-year-old male baseball player. Humeral retroversion was increased by 27.1° on the dominant side compared with the nondominant side. Read More

Acta Orthop Belg 2016 Dec;82(4):814-820

Several clinical and radiological factors can be prognostic in the development of angular deformity following physeal injuries of the distal tibia. One of the radiological parameters, premature physeal closure (PPC), can be detected during postoperative follow-ups. Aim of our study was to identify the prognostic factors in development of angular deformity and its relationship with PPC. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2017 Oct 10;5(10):2325967117731567. Epub 2017 Oct 10.

Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA.

Background: Intra-articular physeal fractures of the distal femur are an uncommon injury pattern, with only a few small case series reported in the literature.

Purpose: To pool patients from 3 high-volume pediatric centers to better understand this injury pattern, to determine outcomes of surgical treatment, and to assess risk factors for complications.

Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Read More

Injury 2017 Oct;48 Suppl 3:S7-S11

Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.

Introduction: The physeal fractures represent the 20-30% of all fractures of the child. The distal tibial physis is the third most frequently injured. The most important complication is the premature physeal closure (PPC). Read More

Clin J Sport Med 2019 01;29(1):e1-e3

Advanced Radiology, Baltimore, Maryland.

We report a case series of unilateral Salter-Harris IV fractures of the proximal radial heads in young female gymnasts. To date, there are no previous reports of such injuries in gymnastics. In all 3 athletes, no significant injury preceded presentation or diagnosis. Read More

Radiographics 2017 Oct;37(6):1791-1812

From the Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (J.C.N., B.K.M.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio (A.C.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of California at San Diego, Rady Children's Hospital and Health Center, San Diego, Calif (J.R.D.).

The growth plates, or physes, are visible on virtually all images obtained in skeletally immature children. The proper function of these growth plates depends on an intricate balance between chondrocyte proliferation, which requires nourishment from the epiphyseal vessels, and chondrocyte death, which requires the integrity of the metaphyseal vessels. Therefore, injury to the growth plate (ie, direct insult) or vascular compromise on either side of the growth plate (ie, indirect insult) can cause growth plate dysfunction. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2019 Feb;39(2):e125-e129

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.

Background: Multiple studies have shown low intrarater and interrater agreement of radiographic classification systems for proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) in adults. There is no standardized method of measuring angulation of pediatric PHFs, nor is there consensus as to the amount of angulation and displacement that require operative fixation of adolescent PHFs. We propose a new standardized method to measure fracture angulation that is similar to the method used to measure the epiphyseal-shaft angle for slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2017 Sep 9;12(3):571-576. Epub 2017 Jun 9.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, UT Health, Houston, TX, USA.

Neonatal Salter-Harris I fractures of the distal humerus are a rare injury. This injury can be easily mistaken for a posterior elbow dislocation, creating a delay in diagnosis. We present a case of a neonate with a distal humerus Salter-Harris I fracture secondary to trauma during delivery. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2017 Nov 29;46(11):1507-1512. Epub 2017 Jul 29.

Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Purpose: To assess the MRI features of growth plate injury at the base of the coracoid process.

Materials And Methods: Subjects were identified through retrospective search of our department imaging database and teaching files and the teaching files of two outside academic institutions. The coracoid base growth plate was examined with attention to widening, irregularity, abnormal signal intensity of the growth plate, and the presence of adjacent soft tissue edema. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2017 Dec 20;26(12):2117-2124. Epub 2017 Jul 20.

Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome-Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.

Background: Literature lacks data concerning several epidemiologic aspects of proximal humeral fractures (PHFs).

Methods: This retrospective study included 711 consecutive patients (209 men, 502 women) who sustained a PHF in the last 3 years. Participants were divided into 2 groups, adults and children. Read More

Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2017 Aug;33(2):417-430

University of Pennsylvania, Department of Clinical Studies New Bolton Center, 382 W Street Road, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA.

Physeal fractures are common musculoskeletal injuries in foals and should be included as a differential diagnosis for the lame or nonweightbearing foal. Careful evaluation of the patient, including precise radiographic assessment, is paramount in determining the options for treatment. Prognosis mostly depends on the patient's age, weight, and fracture location and configuration. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2017 Jul - Aug;56(4):845-850

Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ.

Salter-Harris type I (SH-I) fractures of the distal fibula are commonly encountered in pediatric orthopedics. We describe 2 unique cases of adolescents with completely displaced SH-I distal fibula fractures that were treated operatively. In the first case, a closed reduction attempt failed and the patient required open reduction and internal fixation of the distal fibula and syndesmosis. Read More

Radiol Clin North Am 2017 Jul 27;55(4):785-802. Epub 2017 Mar 27.

Division of Thoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Musculoskeletal traumatic injuries in children demonstrate characteristic imaging findings. The physis is the most susceptible structure to traumatic injury. The periosteum in children plays a key role in rapid bone healing and stability. Read More

Aust Vet J 2017 May;95(5):161-166

Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0126, USA.

Case Report: A 4-month-old female intact American Pit Bull Terrier was presented for right pelvic limb lameness 1 day after the dog had been hit by an all-terrain vehicle. Orthogonal radiographs of the right stifle revealed a Salter-Harris type IV fracture through the proximal tibial physis extending caudodistally through the proximal tibial metaphysis. The distal tibia was markedly displaced cranially, laterally and proximally, resulting in complete overriding of the fracture segments. Read More

Ann Afr Med 2017 Jan-Mar;16(1):30-32

Department of Radiology, AVBRH, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.

Simultaneous Monteggia injuries of the elbow and ipsilateral fracture distal radius with epiphyseal injury both bone are a unique case. A unique case of a Type I Monteggia fracture equivalent with ipsilateral fracture distal radius with epiphyseal injury (Salter-Harris Type II) in a child is reported. We describe the management of this unique fracture and discuss the possible mechanism of injury. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2017 Jul 6;35(7):1035.e1-1035.e3. Epub 2017 Feb 6.

Kansas University Medical Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kansas City, KS, United States.

Open physeal fractures of the distal phalanx of the hallux are the lesser described counterpart to the same fracture of the finger, known by its eponym as a "Seymour fracture". Displaced Salter-Harris phalangeal fractures present with a concomitant nailbed or soft tissue injury. Often these fractures occur in the summer months when open-toe footwear can be worn, however, they may occur indoors as well. Read More

J Clin Ultrasound 2017 Oct 15;45(8):511-514. Epub 2017 Feb 15.

Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY.

Growth plate injuries (Salter-Harris type 1 or physeal fractures) of the long bones in the newborn are easily misdiagnosed as joint fractures with dislocations due to their nonossified epiphyses on plain radiographs. Diagnosis with musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) is advantageous due to its ability to visualize the nonossified epiphysis. We present two cases of humeral growth plate fractures in newborns, one at the shoulder (proximal humerus) and the other at the elbow (distal humerus). Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2016 22;25:19. Epub 2016 Sep 22.

Service d'Orthopédie-Traumatologie de l'Hôpital Général de Grand Yoff, Dakar, Sénégal.

This study aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics and the different anatomo-clinical entities of the fracture-separation of the medial clavicular epiphysis but also to relate the morphological and functional results of bloody reduction followed by osteosuture using non absorbable thread. Five boys and one girl (mean age 14 years) showed a closed and isolated shoulder girdle trauma. Clinical examination and medical imaging, especially CT scan, allowed the diagnosis of epiphyseal separation and to classify the degree of medial clavicular epiphysiseal ossification indicating the direction of displacement as well as the nature of displacement according to the Salter-Harris classification. Read More

Vet Surg 2017 Jan 7;46(1):103-110. Epub 2016 Dec 7.

Department for Small Animal Surgery, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Objective: To report complications and clinical outcome of dogs and cats that underwent fluoroscopic-assisted percutaneous pinning (FAPP) of physeal fractures.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: Client-owned dogs (n = 37) and cats (n = 4). Read More

Vet Surg 2017 Jan 1;46(1):130-135. Epub 2016 Dec 1.

Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services at the Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich-Oberschleißheim, Germany.

Objective: To describe the surgical treatment of a metacarpal deviation caused by an untreated Salter-Harris type I fracture in a heifer.

Study Design: Case report.

Animal: 9-month-old German Fleckvieh heifer. Read More

Hand Surg Rehabil 2016 12 26;35S:S150-S155. Epub 2016 Oct 26.

Service de chirurgie orthopédique et réparatrice de l'enfant, hôpital Trousseau, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie Paris 6, 26, rue du Dr-Arnold-Netter, 75012 Paris, France. Electronic address:

Metaphyseal and physeal fractures of the distal radius are common in children. Most cases are best treated with closed reduction and cast immobilization. Long-term outcomes of these injuries are excellent when specific treatment principles of reduction and casting are followed. Read More

Acta Orthop 2017 Apr 24;88(2):129-132. Epub 2016 Nov 24.

a AO Clinical Investigation and Documentation , Dübendorf.

Background and purpose - To achieve a common understanding when dealing with long bone fractures in children, the AO Pediatric Comprehensive Classification of Long Bone Fractures (AO PCCF) was introduced in 2007. As part of its final validation, we present the most relevant fracture patterns in the lower extremities of a representative population of children classified according to the PCCF. Patients and methods - We included patients up to the age of 17 who were diagnosed with 1 or more long bone fractures between January 2009 and December 2011 at either of 2 tertiary care university hospitals in Switzerland. Read More

Acta Orthop 2017 Apr 24;88(2):123-128. Epub 2016 Nov 24.

a AO Clinical Investigation and Documentation , Dübendorf.

Background and purpose - To achieve a common understanding when dealing with long bone fractures in children, the AO Pediatric Comprehensive Classification of Long Bone Fractures (AO PCCF) was introduced in 2007. As part of its final validation, we present the most relevant fracture patterns in the upper extremities of a representative population of children classified according to the PCCF. Patients and methods - We included children and adolescents (0-17 years old) diagnosed with 1 or more long bone fractures between January 2009 and December 2011 at the university hospitals in Bern and Lausanne (Switzerland). Read More

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2017 Jan 16;30(1):62-68. Epub 2016 Nov 16.

Aldo Vezzoni DVM, Dipl. ECVS, Clinica Veterinaria Vezzoni, Via Massarotti 60/A, 26100 Cremona, Italy, Phone: +39 0372 23451, E-mail:

Objectives: To evaluate the use of Kirschner wires for treatment of fractures of the lateral aspect of the humeral condyle in growing dogs.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 35 elbow fractures (33 dogs) of the lateral aspect of the humeral condyle treated by insertion of multiple transcondylar and one anti-rotational Kirschner wires. Radiographic and clinical re-evaluations were carried out immediately after surgery, at four weeks and, when required, at eight weeks postoperatively. Read More

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2017 Jan 8;137(1):49-54. Epub 2016 Nov 8.

Orthopedic Department, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.

Background: Distal radial physeal fractures with volar displacement are rare. Several methods of operative treatment include volar plate without inserting distal screws, percutaneous technique using two anterior skin incisions and reversed Kapandji technique with pins introduced through a posterior approach and locked at the anterior cortex of the fracture.

Methods: We report three cases along with a literature review of the surgical techniques described in the past and a novel surgical technique for this uncommon fracture termed "Volar Kapandji". Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016 10 21;17(1):440. Epub 2016 Oct 21.

Department of Radiology, Bridgeport Hospital, Yale New Haven Health, 267 Grant Street, Bridgeport, CT, 06610, USA.

Background: Kirner's deformity is a rare bony deformity that is characterized by radial and volar curvature of the distal phalanx of the fifth finger. Affected patients usually present after the age of 5 years, with girls more affected than boys and bilateral involvement more common than unilateral.

Case Presentation: We report a case of an eight-year-old girl who presented with progressive deformity of the right little finger. Read More

J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2016 Nov;24(11):e174-e183

From the Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Timonium, MD (Dr. Abzug and Dr. Dua), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (Dr. Bauer), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH (Dr. Cornwall), and the Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR (Dr. Wyrick).

Phalangeal fractures are the most common type of hand fracture that occurs in the pediatric population and account for the second highest number of emergency department visits for fractures in the United States. The incidence of phalangeal fractures is the highest in children aged 10 to 14 years, which coincides with the time that most children begin playing contact sports. Younger children are more likely to sustain a phalangeal fracture in the home setting as a result of crush and laceration injuries. Read More

J Feline Med Surg 2017 Aug 27;19(8):907-914. Epub 2016 Jun 27.

1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Objectives The objective was to describe the complications and long-term outcome associated with Kirschner (K)-wire fixation of combined distal radial and ulnar physeal fractures in six cats. Methods Medical records (2002-2014) of six referral institutions were searched for cats with combined distal radial and ulnar physeal fractures. Cases with complete clinical files, radiographs and surgical records were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2016 Nov 20;474(11):2531-2537. Epub 2016 May 20.

Shriners Hospital for Children, Springfield, MA, USA.

Skeletal Radiol 2016 Aug 23;45(8):1123-7. Epub 2016 Apr 23.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, 6400 Fannin Street; Suite 1700, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Sternoclavicular injuries are relatively rare, composing less than 1 % of all musculoskeletal fractures or dislocations. When sternoclavicular injuries do occur, they typically present as an isolated dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint without associated fracture of the clavicle or manubrium. However, in patients with unfused medial clavicle physis, sternoclavicular joint injuries can present as a fracture-dislocation through the unfused physis. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 Apr 1;4:CD010836. Epub 2016 Apr 1.

Department of General Surgery, James Cook University Hospital, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, UK, TS4 3BW.

Background: Ankle fractures, which usually occur after a twisting incident, are a diverse collection of injuries with different levels of complexity and severity. They have an incidence of 1 in 1000 a year in children. Treatment generally involves splints and casts for minor fractures and surgical fixation with screws, plates and pins followed by immobilisation for more serious fractures. Read More

Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2016 05 15;102(3):409-11. Epub 2016 Mar 15.

Hôpital de la Cavale-Blanche, CHRU de Brest, boulevard Tanguy-Prigent, 29200 Brest, France.

During climbing, tears of the annular pulley are the most common injuries, while fractures of the dorsal base of the middle phalanx are rare and atypical. Only a few cases have been reported in international literature. The authors present a case of a Salter-Harris type III fracture of the base of the middle phalanx of the middle finger in a young climber and a review of the literature. Read More