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Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2022 Jun 21;4(3):e1119-e1126. Epub 2022 May 21.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A.

Purpose: To characterize the shoulder injuries experienced by baseball batters and position players (nonpitchers); to quantify the outcomes of these injuries with respect to time out of play, recurrence, and surgery rates; and to identify any injury patterns that are associated with worse outcomes.

Methods: Between 2011 and 2017, all Major League Baseball (MLB) and Minor League Baseball (MiLB) players who sustained shoulder injuries were identified using the MLB Health and Injury Tracking System (HITS). Injuries were included if they were sustained during baseball activity, resulted in at least 1 day missed (DM), and occurred in position players (nonpitchers). Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 May 28;58(6). Epub 2022 May 28.

Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, 815, Hwarang-ro, Seoul 01795, Korea.

: Rotator cuff tear is the most common cause of shoulder pain. If nonsurgical treatment fails, arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) is recommended. Since the standards for rehabilitation after ARCR are not clear, various rehabilitation methods have been suggested. Read More

N Z Med J 2022 Feb 4;135(1549):92-100. Epub 2022 Feb 4.

For assistance in data collection and preparation of this manuscript.

Aim: To test the clinical validity and financial implications of the proposed Choosing Wisely statement: "Using ultrasound as a screening test for shoulder instability is inappropriate in people under 30 years of age, unless there is clinical suspicion of a rotator cuff tear."

Method: A retrospective chart review from a specialist shoulder surgeon's practice over a two-year period recorded 124 patients under the age of 30 referred with shoulder instability. Of these, forty-one had already had ultrasound scans performed prior to specialist review. Read More

BMC Med Genomics 2022 Jun 20;15(1):140. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Department of Joint and Sport Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated People's Hospital, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China.

Background: This study aimed to identify the differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in inflammatory long head of biceps tendon (LHBT) of rotator cuff tear (RCT) patients and further explore the function and potential targets of differentially expressed lncRNAs in biceps tendon pathology.

Methods: Human gene expression microarray was made between 3 inflammatory LHBT samples and 3 normal LHBT samples from RCT patients. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to annotate the function of differentially expressed mRNAs. Read More

Orthop Clin North Am 2022 Jul 27;53(3):339-347. Epub 2022 May 27.

University of Pennsylvania, 3737 Market Street 6th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address:

Total shoulder arthroplasty is a rapidly growing field, with more procedures performed each year. An important aspect of shoulder arthroplasty surgery is the management of soft tissues. Good functional outcomes in shoulder arthroplasty are significantly dependent on the repair of the rotator cuff tendons and proper release of the shoulder capsule. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022 Jun 18;23(1):588. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Chan Gunn Pavilion, Allen McGavin Sports Medicine Clinic, 2553 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate both the utility of MRI scans and reports used in the current practice routine of shoulder surgeons and their surgical decision-making process.

Methods: Ninety-three shoulder-specialised orthopaedic surgeons of the Canadian Shoulder and Elbow Society (CSES) Orthopaedic Association were surveyed in 2020 anonymously online to help identify the use of MR-imaging and reports in managing shoulder disorders and surgical decision process.

Results: Thirty out of 93 (32. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022 Jun;36(6):729-738

Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.

Objective: To identify and screen sensitive predictors associated with subscapularis (SSC) tendon tear and develop a web-based dynamic nomogram to assist clinicians in early identification and intervention of SSC tendon tear.

Methods: Between July 2016 and December 2021, 528 consecutive cases of patients who underwent shoulder arthroscopic surgery with completely MRI and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Patients admitted between July 2016 and July 2019 were included in the training cohort, and patients admitted between August 2019 and December 2021 were included in the validation cohort. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2022 Jun 17;16(1):240. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Department of Radiology, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.

Background: Partial-thickness rotator cuff tears are commonly found in the articular-side tendon of the supraspinatus; however, isolated lesions, except those occurring in the supraspinatus tendons, are rare. We report three cases of isolated bursal-side infraspinatus tears that were difficult to detect by magnetic resonance imaging but could be visualized by computed tomography bursography.

Case Presentation: Three Asian patients (59-71 years old) with shoulder pain ranging from 1 month to 3 years in duration were each diagnosed with shoulder impingement syndrome. Read More

World Neurosurg 2022 Jun 10. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107.

Objectives: To 1) analyze the effect of operative sequence (anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) first or rotator cuff repair (RCR) first) on surgical outcomes following both procedures for patients with dual shoulder-spine injuries and to 2) determine how operative sequence affects patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) following surgery.

Methods: Patients > 18 years of age who underwent primary ACDF and primary RCR at our institution were retrospectively identified. Only patients with overlapping symptoms prior to the first procedure were included. Read More

JBJS Case Connect 2022 04 8;12(2). Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Rush University Medical Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chicago, Illinois.

Case: A 49-year-old right-hand-dominant male weightlifter was referred with persistent left shoulder pain, weakness, and range of motion limitations after failed arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and subsequent arthroscopic debridement for a massive posterior-superior supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear. The patient underwent a superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) with lower trapezius (LT) transfer to re-establish rotator cuff function.

Conclusion: LT transfer in addition to SCR may be a promising modality to treat massive, irreparable posterior-superior rotator cuff tears in young adults. Read More

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022 25;10:866195. Epub 2022 May 25.

School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.

Rotator cuff injury is a common upper extremity musculoskeletal disease that may lead to persistent pain and functional impairment. Despite the clinical outcomes of the surgical procedures being satisfactory, the repair of the rotator cuff remains problematic, such as through failure of healing, adhesion formation, and fatty infiltration. Stem cells have high proliferation, strong paracrine action, and multiple differentiation potential, which promote tendon remodeling and fibrocartilage formation and increase biomechanical strength. Read More

Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2022 May 31;61:102593. Epub 2022 May 31.

Sports Orthopedic Research Center - Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager-Hvidovre, Kettegård Allé 30, Hvidovre, Denmark.

Background: Differences in shoulder-disability among common shoulder-disorders in orthopaedic specialist care is unknown. Furthermore, rating of shoulder-disability using patient-reported outcomes is time-consuming, and a faster approach is needed.

Objectives: First, compare shoulder-disability among common shoulder-disorders. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022 Jun 10;23(1):561. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Atraumatic full thickness rotator cuff tears (AFTRCT) are common lesions whose incidence increases with age. Physical therapy is an effective conservative treatment in these patients with a reported success rate near 85% within 12 weeks of treatment. The critical shoulder angle (CSA) is a radiographic metric that relates the glenoid inclination with the lateral extension of the acromion in the coronal plane. Read More

Clin Orthop Surg 2022 Jun 13;14(2):263-271. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using human dermal matrix allograft augmentation has been widely used. We assessed the effect of acellular human dermal matrix augmentation after arthroscopic repair of large rotator cuff tears through a prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial with a long-term follow-up.

Methods: Sixty patients with large-sized rotator cuff tears were randomly assigned to two groups. Read More

Clin Orthop Surg 2022 Jun 12;14(2):272-280. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Department of Sports Medical Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Most previous studies have evaluated flexion strength to assess recovery after arthroscopic rotator cuff (RC) repair. However, limited data are available regarding peak torque at the initial angle (iPT) because most studies have measured flexion strength for peak torque (PT), particularly in small- and medium-sized supraspinatus tears. The purpose of this study was to compare conventional PT and iPT to evaluate supraspinatus muscle strength after arthroscopic RC repair in patients with small- and medium-sized supraspinatus tears. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 7;12(1):9404. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.

The acromiohumeral interval (AHI) is a measurement used to determine the superior migration of the humeral head in rotator cuff (RC) tear patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the AHI of; supine, upright shoulder radiographs, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the shoulder. The 86 shoulders were divided into 3 groups that included; (1) non-full thickness tear (50%), (2) full thickness (FT) tear ≤3 cm (33. Read More

Radiol Clin North Am 2022 Jul;60(4):593-603

Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224-3899, USA.

Glenohumeral osteoarthritis has proven to be a major contributor to shoulder joint pain and dysfunction in the elderly. There are several conditions about the shoulder that contribute to the development of glenohumeral osteoarthritis, which includes traumatic injuries, rotator cuff pathology, glenohumeral instability, glenoid dysplasia, and osteonecrosis. When glenohumeral osteoarthritis pain is refractory to conservative treatment, intra-articular injections and surgery can be performed. Read More

Radiol Clin North Am 2022 Jul 20;60(4):583-592. Epub 2022 May 20.

Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1000 Rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0C1, Canada. Electronic address:

Aging changes tendon biology, healing capacity, and biomechanical properties and results in increased susceptibility to injuries. With the aging population, the socio-economic burden from tendinopathies is increasing. This article discusses the structure of tendons and the physiologic changes that occur with aging. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2022 Jun 4. Epub 2022 Jun 4.

Columbia University, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Background: High rates of structural failure are reported after rotator cuff repairs due to inability to recreate the native enthesis during healing. The development of biological augmentation methods that mitigate scar formation and regenerate the enthesis is still an unmet need. Since neonatal enthesis is capable of regeneration after injury, this study tested whether delivery of neonatal tendon progenitor cells (TPC) into the adult injured environment can enhance functional and structural supraspinatus enthesis and tendon healing. Read More

J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022 Jun 7. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Current rat model of rotator cuff (RC) tear could not mimic the suture anchor (SA) repair technique in the clinical practice. We designed a novel SA for RC repair of rats to establish a clinically relevant animal model. Small suture anchors that fit the rat shoulder were assembled. Read More

J Orthop Res 2022 Jun 3. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Functional outcome after reverse-shoulder-arthroplasty (RSA) in proximal humerus fractures (PHF) depends on deltoid muscle integrity and successful reattachment of the tuberosities for best possible recovery of rotator-cuff function. In this monocentric, prospective, randomized, controlled trial we investigated whether a reverse-fracture-prosthesis (RFP) with a metaphyseal fenestrated stem achieved superior shoulder and muscle function compared to a common reverse-prosthesis (RP) design for patients with PHF. Our hypothesis was that patients with RFP may achieve a superior healing rate of the greater tuberosity (GT) compared to patients receiving RP, which translates to significantly higher clinical outcome and functional scores as well as differences in deltoid muscle microperfusion. Read More

Arthroscopy 2022 Jun;38(6):1831-1833

The management of patients with massive posterosuperior rotator cuff tears without glenohumeral arthritis remains a challenge to arthroscopic surgeons. A wide variety of treatment options have been described, including latissimus dorsi tendon transfer (LDTT) and lower trapezius tendon transfer. These tendon transfers have been utilized to rebalance the glenohumeral force couple for patients with massive or irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. Read More

Arthroscopy 2022 Jun;38(6):1793-1795

For the treatment of irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus, superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) has continued to supplant other less successful and/or reproducible techniques, including partial rotator cuff repair and latissimus tendon transfer. After its initial description utilizing a folded fascia lata autograft with a thickness of up to 8 mm, many in North America adapted their surgical technique to use commercially available human dermal allograft to mitigate donor site morbidity. Early series have revealed the importance of graft thickness in predicting risk of radiographic or clinical failure. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022 Jun 4;23(1):532. Epub 2022 Jun 4.

Shoulder & Elbow Clinic, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, 892, Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, 05278, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Cases of rapidly destructive osteonecrosis (RDON) of the humeral head after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) have rarely been reported, which has prevented a clear consensus on the cause of osteonecrosis.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old woman without a history of trauma underwent arthroscopic RCR after being diagnosed with a medium-sized full-thickness rotator cuff tear for symptoms of left shoulder pain for six months. The patient had no medical history other than hypertension, and no other potential cause was found for osteonecrosis of the left shoulder prior to surgery. Read More

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2022 Jun 2;26(3):258-270. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Grisons, Chur, Switzerland.

The shoulder joint is vulnerable for injuries following trauma and in the context of sporting activities. Degenerative rotator cuff disease is also a common entity. Conservative therapy is often not indicated or does not lead to the desired success, so surgical intervention is necessary. Read More

Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) 2022 Apr 27;57(2):282-288. Epub 2022 Jan 27.

Centro de Traumato-ortopedia do Esporte (Cete), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brasil.

 To analyze the relationship between the presence and severity of rotator cuff (RC) injury with obesity and the time of exposure to obesity. Secondarily, to evaluate the relationship and prevalence of demographic and metabolic factors in obese individuals with RC injury.  This is a cross-sectional study with 235 obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m ). Read More

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022 13;10:908751. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Regenerative sports medicine aims to address sports and aging-related conditions in the locomotor system using techniques that induce tissue regeneration. It also involves the treatment of meniscus and ligament injuries in the knee, Achilles' tendon ruptures, rotator cuff tears, and cartilage and bone defects in various joints, as well as the regeneration of tendon-bone and cartilage-bone interfaces. There has been considerable progress in this field in recent years, resulting in promising steps toward the development of improved treatments as well as the identification of conundrums that require further targeted research. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2022 May 23;11(5):e797-e804. Epub 2022 May 23.

University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, U.S.A.

Rotator cuff tears remain a common injury, and may require rotator cuff repair, one of the most frequently performed orthopaedic procedures. Achieving an ideal construct during rotator cuff repair is crucial, and while many techniques exist to accomplish this, they are continuously evolving to improve stability and biomechanics of the repaired shoulder. Improving efficiency of the procedure alongside the increasing complexity of innovative techniques remains of the utmost importance. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2022 May 22;11(5):e847-e855. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mercy Health/Cincinnati SportsMedicine and Orthopaedic Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.

High-grade Acromioclavicular (AC) injuries are complete dislocations, involving ruptures of the AC and coracoclavicular ligaments. They occur following trauma after a fall, direct-blow to an adducted arm, or indirectly by falling onto an abducted, outstretched extremity. Given this traumatic etiology, additional intra-articular pathologies can arise and may go unnoticed because of the painful and prominent AC joint (ACJ). Read More

EFORT Open Rev 2022 May 31;7(6):404-413. Epub 2022 May 31.

Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Hospital Cuf Descobertas, Lisbon, Portugal.

Massive rotator cuff tears (MRCTs) present a particular challenge due to high rates of retear that can range from 18 to 94%, failure of healing after repair, and potential for irreparability. Management of MRCTs must take into consideration the patient's characteristics, clinical examamination and expectation, number and quality of muscle tendons units involved. Conservative treatment, arthroscopic long head of the biceps tenotomy, cuff debridement, partial repair, and superior capsule reconstruction are viable solutions to treat selected patients. Read More