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Transpl Infect Dis 2020 May 18:e13331. Epub 2020 May 18.

Deprtment of Child Health and Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.

Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is a common pathogen affecting the human population. Primary HHV-6 infection generally occurs during infancy and causes exanthema subitum. Moreover, HHV-6 may exhibit inherited chromosomally integrated HHV-6 (iciHHV-6) in certain individuals. Read More

Clin Dermatol 2020 Jan - Feb;38(1):35-41. Epub 2019 Oct 25.

Sector of Dermatology and Post-Graduation Course in Dermatology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address:

A rash is a disseminated eruption of cutaneous lesions with great variation in appearance, cause, and severity. When the physician is facing a rash, the history and physical examination of the patient are extremely important for the identification of the disease and its causal agent. There are various causes for a rash, which may be infectious, allergic, or rheumatologic, besides many others. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Mar 17;13(3). Epub 2020 Mar 17.

Department of Infectious Disease, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio, USA.

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection is the cause of roseola infantum in children. The reactivation of HHV-6 is associated with multiple clinical syndromes including encephalitis and myelitis, especially in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. However, the virus can cause encephalitis in other immunosuppressed as well as immunocompetent individuals. Read More

Antiviral Res 2020 04 7;176:104720. Epub 2020 Feb 7.

Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert von Ostertag-Straße 7-13, 14163, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:

Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) and 6B (HHV-6B) are members of the genus Roseolovirus in the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily. HHV-6B infects humans in the first years of life, has a seroprevalence of more than 90% and causes Roseola Infantum, but less is known about HHV-6A. While most other herpesviruses maintain their latent genome as a circular episome, HHV-6A and HHV-6B (HHV-6A/B) have been shown to integrate their genome into the telomeres of infected cells. Read More

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2020 Jan 23. Epub 2020 Jan 23.

Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.

Immunocompetent sisters with chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) transiently excreted HHV-6B genome in their saliva. They did not have past histories of exanthema subitum but had antibodies against HHV-6A and HHV-6B. This suggests that endogenous HHV-6A may modify the clinical features of HHV-6B coinfection. Read More

Infect Agent Cancer 2019 5;14:31. Epub 2019 Nov 5.

3College of Public Health, University of Nebraska, 984355 Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA.

Background: Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is a ubiquitous double-stranded DNA virus that can cause roseola infantum, encephalitis, and seizure disorders. Several studies have shown an association between HHV-6 and cancer but confirmation of an etiologic role is lacking. We reviewed the criteria for viral causation of cancer used by The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) for six oncogenic viruses and applied criteria to published reports of HHV-6 and its association with Hodgkin lymphoma and brain tumors. Read More

Cureus 2019 Aug 24;11(8):e5475. Epub 2019 Aug 24.

Critical Care, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA.

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a double-stranded DNA virus part of the Herpesviridae family that colonizes nearly 100% of the human population. The virus is known to be the etiologic agent of roseola infantum, a self-limited disease in childhood and reactivation of the virus later in life is linked to potentially severe manifestations, including encephalitis, in immunosuppressed patients. It is rare in immunocompetent patients, but there have been several reports of encephalitis due to HHV-6 reactivation. Read More

Drug Discov Ther 2019 ;13(4):232-238

Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital.

We present a case of a patient with drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) caused by salazosulfapyridine combined with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) caused by interstitial pneumonia (IP). A 67-year-old man with a past history of rheumatism (RA) presented with right hemiparalysis and aphasia as the chief complaints. A diagnosis of left embolic cerebral infarction following trial therapy for RA based on computed tomography findings was made, and external decompression was performed. Read More

Virus Res 2019 11 12;273:197757. Epub 2019 Sep 12.

Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy; Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Italy. Electronic address:

HHV-6A and HHV-6B are ubiquitous human betaherpesviruses sharing more than 80% homology. HHV-6B is the most common cause of encephalitis in transplant patients and its primary infection may cause the exanthema subitum and febrile seizures in infants. HHV-6A and HHV-6B are able to infect several immune cell types such as T cells, monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs). Read More

Adv Virus Res 2019 21;104:283-312. Epub 2019 Jun 21.

Division of Clinical Virology, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan. Electronic address:

In this chapter, we present an overview on betaherpesvirus entry, with a focus on human cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus 6A and human herpesvirus 6B. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a complex human pathogen with a genome of 235kb encoding more than 200 genes. It infects a broad range of cell types by switching its viral ligand on the virion, using the trimer gH/gL/gO for infection of fibroblasts and the pentamer gH/gL/UL128/UL130/UL131 for infection of other cells such as epithelial and endothelial cells, leading to membrane fusion mediated by the fusion protein gB. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019 10;38(10):e248-e253

Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.

Objective: This cohort study, based on the design of a prior study in the United States, was conducted to elucidate the clinical features of primary human herpesvirus-6B (HHV-6B) infection.

Methods: Between June 2014 and May 2016, febrile children younger than 5 years who visited the emergency room (ER) and underwent blood examination were enrolled in this study.

Results: Fifty-nine (12%) of the 491 patients were diagnosed with primary HHV-6B infection. Read More

J Pediatr 2019 09 14;212:228-231. Epub 2019 Jun 14.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO.

An immunocompetent toddler came to medication attention with gastroenteritis, complicated by encephalopathy and hepatitis. Multiplexed testing using a polymerase chain reaction meningitis panel was positive for human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). Clinical correlation, quantitative HHV-6 polymerase chain reaction, and metagenomic next-generation sequencing supported a likely diagnosis of primary HHV-6B infection. Read More

J Gen Virol 2019 01 14;100(1):89-98. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

1​Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.

Herpesviruses are known to manipulate autophagy to optimize their replication, counteract immune response and probably to promote tumourigenesis. This study explored, for the first time, the impact of human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 lytic infection on autophagy and demonstrated that HHV-6A and B (viruses sharing more than 80 % homology) differently affected this cellular process. Indeed, while HHV-6A (GS) infection of HSB2 cells promoted autophagy, HHV-6B (Z29) or the virus isolated from the serum of roseola infantum-affected patient-inhibited autophagy in Molt-3 cells or in PBMCs, respectively. Read More

Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019 ;19(2):221-225

Microbiology and Virology Unit, Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, Italy.

Background And Objective: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) is a small vessel vasculitis that can be limited to the skin but may also affect other organs. Often, its cause is unknown. LCV has previously been reported to occur with the reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). Read More

J Dermatol 2018 Oct 27;45(10):1199-1202. Epub 2018 Jul 27.

Department of Pediatrics, Showa General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Infantile hemangiomas grow rapidly during infancy followed by gradual involution. After involution, residual lesions sometimes remain. Despite the prognosis for eventual involution, infantile hemangiomas often cause great psychosocial morbidity that affects patients and their parents. Read More

J Med Virol 2018 11 13;90(11):1757-1764. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

HerpeZ, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.

Background: Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) is the causative agent of Roseola infantum, and has also been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of febrile seizures in young children, a percentage of whom go on to develop febrile status epilepticus (FSE), but the existing data is conflicting and inconclusive. HHV-6A is a distinct species, rarely detected in most parts of the world, but prior studies suggest a higher prevalence in febrile African children. We describe a case-control study comparing the frequency of HHV-6A and/or HHV-6B infections in children with febrile seizures (including FSE) and a control group of febrile children without seizures. Read More

J Med Virol 2018 10 10;90(10):1636-1642. Epub 2018 Jul 10.

Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.

The objectives of the work are to elucidate the incidence and virological findings of chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus 6 (ciHHV-6) in Japanese population and to analyze an association between ciHHV-6 and the clinical manifestation of exanthema subitum (ES). Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine HHV-6 DNA loads in 2347 cord blood samples from healthy neonates (cohort A), febrile children less than 5 years old (cohort B), and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients (cohort C). CiHHV-6 was confirmed by detection of high copy numbers of viral DNA in somatic cells. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2018 14;11:701-705. Epub 2018 May 14.

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Primary infection with human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) commonly occurs at an early age in children, most often at 3 years of age, and is associated with childhood diseases, such as exanthema subitum, hepatitis, febrile convulsions, or encephalitis. However, the virus occasionally reactivates from its latent state in immunosuppressed adults, especially post-transplant, resulting in serious disseminated, sometimes life-threatening end-organ complications. Herein, we report a case of a 68-year-old man with relapsed follicular lymphoma who developed HHV-6 pneumonitis. Read More

Neuropathology 2018 Mar 26. Epub 2018 Mar 26.

Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan.

Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) is known to cause primary encephalitis in the frontal lobes/cerebral hemisphere or reactivated encephalitis in the hippocampus, but the pathogenesis remains unclear. HHV-6B has also been detected in hippocampal samples in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. A 1 year and 3 months old female, who had been clinically diagnosed with exanthema subitum and febrile convulsion, was found dead on the third day after onset. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2018 Apr;116(2):e312-e314

Unidad de Infectología Pediátrica, Hospital Materno-Infantil Miguel Servet, Zaragoza. España.

The main clinical manifestation of human herpesvirus 6 is exanthema subitum (also known as roseola infantum) and febrile syndrome. Central nervous system manifestations are not unusual in herpesvirus 6 infection, and even though the pathophysiology is not clear, they need to be early diagnosed and treated in order to avoid potentially serious damage. We present the case of an immunocompetent 2-year-old girl with encephalitis as a complication of herpesvirus 6 infection. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2018 Feb 28. Epub 2018 Feb 28.

Roseola infantum is a clinical syndrome characterized by high fever followed by the emergence of a rash. Case reports have documented an association between bulging fontanelles and roseola. We propose a novel mechanism for the development of intracranial hypertension caused by human herpesvirus 6-induced cytokine elevation leading to increased cerebrospinal fluid production. Read More

Lab Med 2018 Mar;49(2):165-174

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ.

A previously healthy 11-year-old Caucasian boy presented with a 2-week history of nonspecific symptoms of nausea and nonbilious, nonbloody emesis. He developed significant jaundice and hepatic encephalopathy within 1 week of beginning symptoms and was discovered to have fulminant liver failure. Extensive work-ups for underlying etiologies included serologic evaluation for underlying chronic liver diseases, toxicology screening, inborn errors of metabolism, and infectious diseases. Read More

Brain Dev 2018 Mar 25;40(3):242-246. Epub 2017 Sep 25.

Department of Pediatrics, Gunma Chuo Hospital, Japan.

Introduction: The relevant literature includes several case reports on cerebral infarction in children with HHV-6 infection; however, there is no report of brain stem infarction.

Case: An 11-month-old girl was hospitalized because of fever. She was unable to stand up and meet her mother's gaze. Read More

Virol J 2017 05 25;14(1):97. Epub 2017 May 25.

Department of Microbiology, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Camino Almazara 11, 03203, Elche, Spain.

Background: Primary Human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7) infection usually occurs during childhood and causes several clinical manifestations: mainly exanthem subitum (roseola infantum), followed by a lifelong latent state with possible reactivation in case of immunodeficiency. Nevertheless, some considerably different approaches exist regarding the natural history of HHV-7 and the possible consequences of HHV-7 infection in immunocompetent adults. In particular, little is known about its pathogenic role in central nervous system (CNS) disease in nonimmunosuppressed adults. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2017 Mar 26;76(3):538-550. Epub 2016 Oct 26.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio. Electronic address:

Although classic viral exanthems of childhood are well described, they are rarely differentiated in adults. Laboratory techniques for viral identification have advanced without substantial literature to suggest how a dermatologist ought to conduct a cost-effective and diagnostic viral panel. Certain clinical features such as petechiae, vesicles, and dusky macular or morbilliform exanthems point strongly toward a viral exanthem. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017 05 22;486(3):706-711. Epub 2017 Mar 22.

Department of Virology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.

Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) causes exanthema subitum in infants and is known to be mildly pathogenic. However, HHV-6B infection can induce febrile seizures in a high percentage of patients, and in rare cases, result in encephalitis. We detected higher levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CFS) of patients with HHV-6B encephalitis when compared to those in patients with non-HHV-6B-induced febrile seizures. Read More

Med Dosw Mikrobiol 2017 ;69(1):43-48

Introduction: HHV-6 has been identified as the etiologic agent of exanthema subitum in infants and acute febrile illness in young children, although primary HHV-6 infection in immunocompetent adolescents and adults is very rare. We report the case of acute hepatitis in an 18-year-old man without any immunological dysfunctions.

Material And Methods: Full virological examination of sera samples was performed. Read More

Case Rep Pediatr 2016 17;2016:2483183. Epub 2016 Nov 17.

Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

We present an infant with acute fever, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia, coming from an endemic region for tick-borne encephalitis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and hantavirus infection. The primary human herpesvirus 6 infection was diagnosed by seroconversion of specific IgM and IgG and by identification of viral DNA in the acute patient's serum. The patient did not show skin rash suggestive of exanthema subitum during the course of illness. Read More

Microbiol Immunol 2016 Nov;60(11):770-777

Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biological Active Substances, LR99ES27, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Street Avicenne 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.

Primary infection with human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), is followed by its lifelong persistence in the host. Most T-cell responses to HHV-6 have been characterized using peripheral blood from healthy adults; however, the role of HHV-6 infection in immune modulation has not been elucidated for some diseases. Therefore, in this study the immune response to HHV-6 infection in patients with B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) was analyzed. Read More

Med Mal Infect 2017 Mar 20;47(2):83-91. Epub 2016 Oct 20.

Service de virologie, CERVI, hôpitaux universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles-Foix, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France; Inserm, CIMI-Paris UMR 1135, Équipe 1 PVI, Sorbonne universités, UPMC université Paris 6, 75013 Paris, France; Faculté de pharmacie, université Paris-Descartes, 75006 Paris, France. Electronic address:

Human herpesviruses 6A, 6B, and 7 (HHV-6A, HHV-6B, HHV-7) are genetically related to cytomegalovirus. They belong to the Roseolovirus genus and to the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily. They infect T cells, monocytes-macrophages, epithelial cells, and central nervous system cells. Read More

Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2016 12 30;22(12):2250-2255. Epub 2016 Sep 30.

Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is increasingly recognized as a potentially life-threatening pathogen in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). We retrospectively evaluated 54 adult patients who developed positivity to HHV-6 after alloSCT. The median time from alloSCT to HHV-6 reactivation was 34 days. Read More

J Med Virol 2017 04 27;89(4):696-702. Epub 2016 Sep 27.

Departments of Virology and Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.

The amounts of the DNAs of human herpesviruses-6 (HHV-6) and -7 (HHV-7) in saliva samples were monitored during the acute and convalescent phases of exanthem subitum (ES) to elucidate the kinetics of virus shedding after ES. A total of 247 saliva samples were collected from 17 children (5 males and 12 females: 8-31 months old at onset). The monitoring period ranged from 152 to 721 days after onset, and in 15 children it was longer than 1 year. Read More

Microbiol Spectr 2016 06;4(3)

Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, CIMI-Paris UMRS CR7, PVI Team, Paris, France.

Human roseoloviruses include three different species, human herpesviruses 6A, 6B, and 7 (HHV-6A, HHV-6B, HHV-7), genetically related to human cytomegalovirus. They exhibit a wide cell tropism in vivo and, like other herpesviruses, induce a lifelong latent infection in humans. In about 1% of the general population, HHV-6 DNA is covalently integrated into the subtelomeric region of cell chromosomes (ciHHV-6). Read More

Epidemiol Infect 2016 10 23;144(14):2927-2930. Epub 2016 Jun 23.

Oxford,UK.

During the 1970s there was a gross loss of public confidence in infant diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccination in the UK. As well as febrile reactions and convulsions, permanent neurological damage was ascribed to the pertussis component of the vaccine, and those concerns resonated worldwide. The subsequent recognition of human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) and 7 (HHV-7) as common sources of fever in infancy suggests that they were the main underlying cause of what was reported as DTP constitutional side-effects. Read More

Transpl Infect Dis 2016 08 20;18(4):639-40. Epub 2016 Jun 20.

Department of Dermatology, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.

Mayo Clin Proc 2016 06 25;91(6):787-801. Epub 2016 Apr 25.

Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe cutaneous eruption that has been linked to several common drugs and drug categories, including antiepileptics, allopurinol, sulfonamides, and various antibiotics; however, because of a number of recent case reports linking psychotropic medications to this condition, DRESS is increasingly recognized among psychiatrists. We systematically reviewed all psychotropic drugs linked to DRESS syndrome, and this article summarizes the clinical management relevant to psychiatric professionals. A comprehensive search was performed using Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, Scopus, and Litt's Drug Eruption and Reaction Database for articles published in English during the past 20 years (1996-2015) using the search terms (1) psychotropic drugs OR serotonin uptake inhibitors AND DRESS or (2) psychotropic drugs AND drug reaction (or rash) eosinophilia systemic syndrome, and all article abstracts were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria by 3 reviewers. Read More

Transpl Infect Dis 2016 Apr;18(2):255-6

Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

We present the case of a 62-year-old man treated with high-dose chemotherapy and consecutive autologous stem cell transplantation for mantle cell lymphoma, who developed high fever and a rash of the trunk and both axillae 10 days after stem cell transplantation. Read More

Pediatr Int 2016 May 29;58(5):415-417. Epub 2015 Dec 29.

Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.

Enterovirus focal encephalitis is a rare clinical entity that is characterized by focal neurological signs including seizure, hemiparesis, hemichorea, and headache, which are mainly followed by rapid spontaneous improvement. We herein describe the case of a 9-month-old boy who developed Coxsackie virus B5 (CVB5) focal encephalitis with seizure clusters in the eruption stage of roseola infantum-like illness, which were followed by rapid improvement and benign outcome. Lumbar puncture indicated pleocytosis, and CVB5 infection in the cerebrospinal fluid was subsequently identified on genome sequencing and virus isolation. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2015 Sep 23;54(9):e365-6. Epub 2015 Jul 23.

Department of Dermatology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Martino University Hospital, Italian Research Hospital Foundation, Genoa, Italy.

Epidemiol Infect 2016 Feb 23;144(3):478-92. Epub 2015 Jul 23.

Institute of Industrial Science,the University of Tokyo,Komaba,Meguro,Tokyo,Japan.

Although Kawasaki disease (KD), which was first reported in the 1960s, is assumed to be infectious, its aetiological agent(s) remains unknown. We compared the geographical distribution of the force of infection and the super-annual periodicity of KD and seven other paediatric infectious diseases in Japan. The geographical distribution of the force of infection, which was estimated as the inverse of the mean patient age, was similar in KD and other paediatric viral infections. Read More

Clin Microbiol Rev 2015 Apr;28(2):313-35

Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, CIMI-Paris UMRS CR7, PVI Team, Paris, France INSERM, CIMI-Paris U1135, PVI Team, Paris, France AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Virologie, Paris, France Université René Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Microbiologie UPRES EA 4065, Paris, France.

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a widespread betaherpesvirus which is genetically related to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and now encompasses two different species: HHV-6A and HHV-6B. HHV-6 exhibits a wide cell tropism in vivo and, like other herpesviruses, induces a lifelong latent infection in humans. As a noticeable difference with respect to other human herpesviruses, genomic HHV-6 DNA is covalently integrated into the subtelomeric region of cell chromosomes (ciHHV-6) in about 1% of the general population. Read More

Iran J Microbiol 2014 Apr;6(2):87-90

Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background And Objective: Febrile convulsion is a common disorder in children. Viral infections such as human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) which results in roseola infantum may contribute to developing seizure. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HHV-6 by detecting DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children with febrile convulsion and without any rash of roseola infantum. Read More

Brain Dev 2015 Sep 9;37(8):829-32. Epub 2015 Jan 9.

Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.

Background: Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is the etiological agent of exanthema subitum-associated encephalopathy, which usually occurs in children younger than 3 years. Brain imaging shows various abnormalities.

Patient: A previously healthy 4-year-old girl developed acute encephalopathy with clinical features consisting of fever, repetitive seizures, and a disturbance of consciousness. Read More

Jundishapur J Microbiol 2014 Sep 1;7(9):e11821. Epub 2013 Sep 1.

Pediatrics Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.

Background: Encephalitis is swelling and inflammation of brain, usually due to viral infection. Viral encephalitis symptoms could be fever, headache, altered level of consciousness, and seizures.

Objectives: The aim of this study was detection of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with symptoms of possible acute encephalitis and without typical signs or symptoms of roseola infantum, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Read More

Curr Opin Virol 2014 Dec 14;9:91-6. Epub 2014 Oct 14.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 690, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Electronic address:

The roseoloviruses, human herpesvirus-6A -6B and -7 (HHV-6A, HHV-6B and HHV-7) cause acute infection, establish latency, and in the case of HHV-6A and HHV-6B, whole virus can integrate into the host chromosome. Primary infection with HHV-6B occurs in nearly all children and was first linked to the clinical syndrome roseola infantum. However, roseolovirus infection results in a spectrum of clinical disease, ranging from asymptomatic infection to acute febrile illnesses with severe neurologic complications and accounts for a significant portion of healthcare utilization by young children. Read More

Pediatr Neurol 2014 Sep 13;51(3):448-52. Epub 2014 Apr 13.

Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Electronic address:

Background: Human herpesvirus 6 is a significant cause of the febrile illness roseola infantum in young children. Infection with human herpesvirus 6 typically causes a self-limited febrile illness but occasionally is associated with central nervous system manifestations, including febrile seizures and encephalitis. Host factors associated with severe manifestations of human herpesvirus 6-associated neurological disease remain poorly characterized. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2014 Nov 21;20(11):716-21. Epub 2014 Aug 21.

Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.

Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is a cause of exanthema subitum and, sometimes, of febrile seizures. However, the pathogenesis of febrile seizures associated with HHV-6 infection remains unclear. We investigated serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) levels in infants with HHV-6 infection. Read More

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2014 Jan;35(1):57-60

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. Email:

Objective: To study the prevalence rates of Rash and Febrile Illnesses (RFIs) including measles, rubella, scarlet fever, exanthema subitum and the differences among measles and other RFIs to tentatively formulate the logistic regression model through clinical manifestation.

Methods: All the suspected cases of measles, rubella, scarlet fever, exanthema subitum reported by the county/prefecture lever hospitals at four counties were collected during March 2011 to February 2012. When setting laboratory confirmed measles as dependent variable and existed symptoms as independent variable, a logistic regression model was formulated and optimal operational point (OOP)chosen, according to the ROC curve. Read More