J Emerg Med 2018 Apr 20. Epub 2018 Apr 20.

Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Background: Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is potentially deadly and can present subtly with signs and symptoms overlapping with other clinical conditions. Delayed diagnosis can be fatal.

Objective: This review provides an evidence-based summary of the current data for the evaluation and management of RMSF in the emergency department. Read More

Biomedica 2018 Mar 15;38(1):69-76. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

Departamento de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, México.

Introduction: Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a highly lethal infectious disease, particularly if specific treatment with doxycycline is given belatedly.

Objective: To describe the clinical profile of fatal Rocky Mountain spotted fever cases in hospitalized patients in the state of Sonora, México.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on a series of 47 deaths caused by Rickettsia rickettsii from 2013 to 2016. Read More

Epidemiol Infect 2018 Apr 5:1-4. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud,Ciudad de Panamá,Panama.

The clinical and pathologic characterisation of two fatal cases of tick-borne rickettsiosis in rural (El Valle) and urban (City of Panama) Panama are described. Clinical and autopsy findings were non-specific, but the molecular analysis was used to identify Rickettsia rickettsii in both cases. No ticks were collected in El Valle, while in the urban case, R. Read More

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2018 Mar 29. Epub 2018 Mar 29.

Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sonora, Mexico; Hermosillo, Sonora, México, C.P. 83000.

Background: Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a tick-borne disease with a high case-fatality rate unless diagnosed promptly and treated timely with doxycycline. Physician knowledge about presentation and treatment can improve outcomes of RMSF in endemic regions, such as Sonora in northern Mexico, where RMSF has caused 1348 non-fatal cases and 247 deaths from 2003 to 2016.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 343 physicians working in medical facilities in Sonora, Mexico. Read More

J Parasitol 2018 Mar 19. Epub 2018 Mar 19.

* UC Davis UC Davis.

Increasing rates of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico underscore the importance of studying the ecology of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, the vector in that region. This species is reported to comprise distinct tropical and temperate lineages which may differ in vectorial capacity for RMSF and which are hypothesized to be limited in their geographical range by climatic conditions. In this study, lineage was determined for ticks from nine locations in California, Arizona, and Mexico by DNA sequencing of 12S, 16S, and D-loop ribosomal RNA. Read More

Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018 Mar 9. Epub 2018 Mar 9.

Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Avenida 24-A, 1515, Bairro Bela Vista, Rio Claro, SP, CEP13506-900, Brazil.

Rickettsiosis are emerging or re-emerging diseases, with a worldwide distribution associated to transmission by arthropod vectors. Rickettsia species belong to the spotted fever group (SFG) and are transmitted by hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) that may act as vectors and reservoirs. This study carried out a molecular detection of Rickettsia from 7 species of the family Ixodidae collected from domestic hosts by PCR amplification of fragments of the citrate synthase "gltA" gene and outer membrane protein "ompA" gene. Read More

Dis Mon 2018 Mar 14. Epub 2018 Mar 14.

Department of Emergency/Family Medicine, Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, USA.

Cutis 2018 Jan;101(1):19;20;36

Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA.

Dermacentor ticks are hard ticks found throughout most of North America and are easily identified by their large size, ornate scutum, and prominent dorsal pits. They are important disease vectors and are implicated in transmission of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), Colorado tick fever, tularemia, and erlichiosis. They also are an important cause of fatal tick paralysis. Read More

Braz J Infect Dis 2018 Mar 1. Epub 2018 Mar 1.

Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Campinas, SP, Brazil.

Acta Trop 2018 Jun 21;182:100-110. Epub 2018 Feb 21.

Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, 211004, India. Electronic address:

Background: Antibiotic resistance is increasing rapidly in pathogenic organisms, creating more complications for treatment of diseases. Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a neglected tropical disease in humans caused by Rickettsia rickettsii for which no effective therapeutic is available. Subtractive genomics methods facilitate the characterization of non-homologous essential proteins that could be targeted for the discovery of potential therapeutic compounds against R. Read More

Case Rep Oncol 2017 Sep-Dec;10(3):945-947. Epub 2017 Oct 23.

Department of Oncology, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) - also called idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura or immune thrombocytopenic purpura - is an acquired thrombocytopenia caused by autoantibodies against platelet antigens. It is one of the more common causes of thrombocytopenia in otherwise asymptomatic adults. Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a potentially lethal, but curable, tick-borne disease. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017 21;7:476. Epub 2017 Nov 21.

Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Ticks are obligate blood feeding ectoparasites that transmit a wide variety of pathogenic microorganisms to their vertebrate hosts. is vector of , the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), the most lethal rickettsiosis that affects humans. It is known that the transmission of pathogens by ticks is mainly associated with the physiology of the feeding process. Read More

Vaccine 2017 12 10;35(51):7204-7212. Epub 2017 Oct 10.

State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20# Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China; Army Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Institute for Tuberculosis Research, The 309th Hospital of Chinese PLA, 17# Hei-Shan-Hu Road, Haidian, Beijing 100091, China. Electronic address:

Rickettsia rickettsii is the causative pathogen of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF). Adr2, YbgF and OmpB are protective antigens of R. rickettsii. Read More

Emerg Infect Dis 2017 10;23(10):1621-1626

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is an emerging public health concern near the US-Mexico border, where it has resulted in thousands of cases and hundreds of deaths in the past decade. We identified 4 patients who had acquired RMSF in northern Mexico and subsequently died at US healthcare facilities. Two patients sought care in Mexico before being admitted to US-based hospitals. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017 5;7:390. Epub 2017 Sep 5.

Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge, LA, United States.

Ticks transmit a greater variety of pathogenic agents that cause disease in humans and animals than any other haematophagous arthropod, including Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, babesiosis, tick-borne encephalitis, Crimean Congo haemorhagic fever, and many others (Gulia-Nuss et al., 2016). Although diverse explanations have been proposed to explain their remarkable vectorial capacity, among the most important are their blood feeding habit, their long term off-host survival, the diverse array of bioactive molecules that disrupt the host's natural hemostatic mechanisms, facilitate blood flow, pain inhibitors, and minimize inflammation to prevent immune rejection (Hajdušek et al. Read More

S D Med 2017 Sep;70(9):410-414

Center for Family Medicine.

In addition to being a nuisance, ticks can carry disease. This article presents a brief review of ticks and associated tick-borne disease relevant to South Dakota and surrounding regions. Tick-borne diseases of special relevance in South Dakota include tularemia, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and Lyme disease. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2017 Aug 17;10(1):390. Epub 2017 Aug 17.

Zoetis, Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI, 49007, USA.

Background: Amblyomma cajennense is the main vector of Rickettsia rickettsii which causes Brazilian spotted fever. This adult tick preferably infests horses and capybaras, but has low host specificity during its immature stages, thus posing a threat to humans and dogs. In this study, the efficacy of sarolaner (Simparic™/Simparica®, Zoetis) when administered once orally to dogs at 2 mg/kg was evaluated against induced infestations of A. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2017 Jun 1;11(6):PR01-PR03. Epub 2017 Jun 1.

Postgraduate, Department of Paediatrics, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Rickettsial diseases comprise a wide spectrum of diseases which are reported from different parts of India quiet long ago. Many cases of rickettsial diseases go undiagnos due to lack of diagnostic techniques and the reported incidence and prevalence may be an underestimation of the actual burden of the disease. A higher index of suspicion, clinical awareness and proper use of available diagnostic tools would increase the frequency of diagnosis. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017 Sep 19;97(3):795-798. Epub 2017 Jul 19.

Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico.

We present a series of four pregnant women with Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) that occurred in Sonora, Mexico, during 2015-2016. Confirmatory diagnoses were made by polymerase chain reaction or serological reactivity to antigens of by using an indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay. Each patient presented with fever and petechial rash and was treated successfully with doxycycline. Read More

Pediatrics 2017 Aug 13;140(2). Epub 2017 Jul 13.

Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan

Mercury (Hg) poisoning is considered a rare disease by the National Institutes of Health and the diagnosis can present great challenges to clinicians. Children who are exposed to Hg can present with a wide variety of symptoms, including acrodynia, tremor, excessive salivation, and psychiatric symptoms, including insomnia. However, endocrinologic manifestations from Hg exposure are less well known. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2017 Jul 9;18(7). Epub 2017 Jul 9.

Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) mediate gene silencing by destabilization and/or translational repression of target mRNA. Infection of human microvascular endothelial cells as primary targets of , the etiologic agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, triggers host responses appertaining to alterations in cellular gene expression. Microarray-based profiling of endothelial cells infected with for 3 or 24 h revealed differential expression of 33 miRNAs, of which miRNAs129-5p, 200a-3p, 297, 200b-3p, and 595 were identified as the top five up-regulated miRNAs (5 to 20-fold, ≤ 0. Read More

Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017 08 9;17(8):527-538. Epub 2017 Jun 9.

3 Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee.

Ehrlichiosis and rickettsiosis are two common bacterial tick-borne diseases in the southeastern United States. Ehrlichiosis is caused by ehrlichiae transmitted by Amblyomma americanum and rickettsiosis is caused by rickettsiae transmitted by Amblyomma maculatum and Dermacentor variabilis. These ticks are common and have overlapping distributions in the region. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017 Jun 5;11(6):e0005613. Epub 2017 Jun 5.

Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Background: Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF), caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, is the tick-borne disease that generates the largest number of human deaths in the world. In Brazil, the current increase of BSF human cases has been associated with the presence and expansion of capybaras Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, which act as primary hosts for the tick Amblyomma sculptum, vector of the R. rickettsii in this area. Read More

N C Med J 2017 May-Jun;78(3):156-163

biostatistics lecturer, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; biostatistician, Rho, Inc., Chapel Hill, North Carolina

Tick bites are a source of illness and disease agents that may lead to morbidity and occasional fatalities in North Carolina. Public health interest in tick-borne illness and disease has increased due to continuing discoveries of tick-borne diseases and their increasing geographic spread and disease incidence. There are no data published on lay individuals with cumulative tick bites and associated illnesses over a period of years. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017 28;7:129. Epub 2017 Apr 28.

Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil.

is a tick-borne obligate intracellular bacterium that causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF). In Brazil, two species of ticks in the genus and , are incriminated as vectors of this bacterium. Importantly, these two species present remarkable differences in susceptibility to infection, where is more susceptible than . Read More

PeerJ 2017 13;5:e3202. Epub 2017 Apr 13.

Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States of America.

The Pacific coast tick, Marx, is found throughout California and can harbor agents that cause human diseases such as anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, tularemia, Rocky Mountain spotted fever and rickettsiosis 364D. Previous studies have demonstrated that nonpathogenic endosymbiotic bacteria can interfere with co-infections in other tick species. We hypothesized that within ticks, interference may exist between different nonpathogenic endosymbiotic or nonendosymbiotic bacteria and Spotted Fever group Rickettsia (SFGR). Read More

JAAPA 2017 May;30(5):30-32

Christina Gardner practices in the ED and VelocityCare Clinics at Carilion Clinic, is director of the Advanced ACP Fellowship in Urgent Care and Rural Health, and is an assistant professor in the PA program at Jefferson College of Health Sciences, all in Roanoke, Va. The author has disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

This article describes a man who presented to the ED in acute distress with signs and symptoms of sepsis, pneumonia, and a new petechial rash on his chest. He was eventually diagnosed with Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Aggressive treatment of sepsis and timely administration of empiric antibiotics were lifesaving in this situation. Read More

Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2017 06 12;8(4):615-622. Epub 2017 Apr 12.

Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.

Rickettsia rickettsii - the etiologic agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) - is widely spread across the Americas. In the US, Dermacentor spp. ticks are identified as primary vectors of R. Read More

Lancet Infect Dis 2017 Jun 30;17(6):e189-e196. Epub 2017 Mar 30.

National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a tick-borne zoonosis caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, is among the most lethal of all infectious diseases in the Americas. In Mexico, the disease was first described during the early 1940s by scientists who carefully documented specific environmental determinants responsible for devastating outbreaks in several communities in the states of Sinaloa, Sonora, Durango, and Coahuila. These investigators also described the pivotal roles of domesticated dogs and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (brown dog ticks) as drivers of epidemic levels of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Read More

Acta Trop 2017 Jul 28;171:182-185. Epub 2017 Mar 28.

Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil. Electronic address:

Spotted fever is an acute febrile illness, which is considered severely underreported and misdiagnosed in the Brazilian Pampa, caused by tick-borne Rickettsiae. Here, we report an eco-epidemiological investigation of Rickettsia spp. in ticks from a spotted fever focus in Toropi, southern Brazil. Read More

Neurology 2017 Mar;88(11):e92-e95

From the Departments of Neurology (M.J.B., N.V.) and Medicine (Infectious Disease) and Health Policy (K.C.B.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; and the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.B.L.), and Pediatric Neuroradiology (S.P.), Monroe Carell, Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN.

Parasit Vectors 2017 Mar 4;10(1):125. Epub 2017 Mar 4.

Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.

Background: Rickettsiae are obligate intracellular bacteria responsible for many febrile syndromes around the world, including in sub-Saharan Africa. Vectors of these pathogens include ticks, lice, mites and fleas. In order to assess exposure to flea-associated Rickettsia species in Madagascar, human and small mammal samples from an urban and a rural area, and their associated fleas were tested. Read More

Appl Environ Microbiol 2017 05 17;83(9). Epub 2017 Apr 17.

Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, USA.

In 1953, investigators at the Rocky Mountain Laboratories in Hamilton, MT, described the isolation of a spotted fever group (SFGR) species from ticks collected from black-tailed jackrabbits () in northern Nevada. Several decades later, investigators characterized this SFGR (designated the parumapertus agent) by using mouse serotyping methods and determined that it represented a distinct rickettsial serotype closely related to ; nonetheless, the parumapertus agent was not further characterized or studied. To our knowledge, no isolates of the parumapertus agent remain in any rickettsial culture collection, which precludes contemporary phylogenetic placement of this enigmatic SFGR. Read More

Zoonoses Public Health 2017 11 7;64(7):e44-e50. Epub 2017 Feb 7.

Medical Parasitology and Vector Biology Laboratory, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.

In Brazil, two pathogenic Rickettsia species have been identified causing tick-borne spotted fever (SF). The aetiological agent Rickettsia rickettsii causes serious illness, particularly in the south-eastern region of the country. Moreover, the Rickettsia sp. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2017 02;115(1):e5-e8

Laboratorio de Enfermedades Emergentes y Reemergentes, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi" (CIR), Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a disease caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a bacteria transmitted by infected ticks. It is characterized by fever, exanthema, arthralgias and myalgias; but sometimes its clinical presentation is non specific. Due to its similarities with other exanthematic diseases like dengue or chikungunya, Rocky Mountain spotted fever is not a first line diagnosis, even though countries like Mexico show the ecologic and socioeconomic characteristics that favor its transmission, with a 30% mortality rate among pediatric patients. Read More

Workplace Health Saf 2017 Jan;65(1):48

1 University of Alabama at Birmingham.

The tick-borne disease Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) can have deadly outcomes unless treated appropriately, yet nonspecific flu-like symptoms complicate diagnosis. Occupational health nurses must have a high index of suspicion with symptomatic workers and recognize that recent recreational or occupational activities with potential tick exposure may suggest RMSF. Read More

J Bacteriol 2017 03 28;199(6). Epub 2017 Feb 28.

Host-Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA

, the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, contains two immunodominant proteins, rOmpA and rOmpB, in the outer membrane. Both rOmpA and rOmpB are conserved throughout spotted fever group rickettsiae as members of a family of autotransporter proteins. Previously, it was demonstrated that rOmpB is proteolytically processed, with the cleavage site residing near the autotransporter domain at the carboxy-terminal end of the protein, cleaving the 168-kDa precursor into apparent 120-kDa and 32-kDa fragments. Read More

Am J Med 2017 Apr 21;130(4):e131-e132. Epub 2016 Dec 21.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.

Pediatr Dermatol 2017 Mar 19;34(2):119-123. Epub 2016 Dec 19.

Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Background/objectives: Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), a lethal tick-borne illness, is prevalent in the south central United States. Children younger than 10 years old have the greatest risk of fatal outcome from RMSF. The objective of the current study was to review pediatric cases of RMSF seen in the dermatology consult service and to evaluate dermatology's role in the diagnosis and management of this disease. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2016 Oct;94(7):551-557

Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine at Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA.

Several mosquito-borne viral infections have recently emerged in North America; West Nile virus is the most common in the United States. Although West Nile virus generally causes a self-limited, flulike febrile illness, a serious neuroinvasive form may occur. Dengue is the most common vector-borne viral disease worldwide, and it has been a significant public health threat in the United States since 2009. Read More

Acta Trop 2017 Feb 21;166:225-233. Epub 2016 Nov 21.

Faculdade de Saúde Pública - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:

Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii. In the São Paulo Metropolitan Region (SPMR) it is transmitted by Amblyomma aureolatum ticks. In this region, annual lethality of the disease can reach 80% and spatial occurrence depends on environmental factors and more particularly on the presence and interaction of domestic and wild carnivores as well as the presence and characteristics of the remnant Atlantic Rain Forest patches. Read More

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016 Nov 25;65(46):1302-1303. Epub 2016 Nov 25.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), a life-threatening tickborne zoonosis caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, is a reemerging disease in Mexico (1,2). R. rickettsii is an intracellular bacterium that infects vascular endothelium and can cause multisystem organ failure and death in the absence of timely administration of a tetracycline-class antibiotic, typically doxycycline. Read More

Gac Med Mex 2016 Nov - Dec;152(6):789-795

Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora, Hermosillo, Son., México.

Background: Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a life threatening disease caused by Rickettsia rickettsia, characterized by multisystem involvement.

Methods: We studied 19 dead children with Rocky Mountain spotted fever. All children who were suspected of having rickettsial infections were defined as having Rocky Mountain spotted fever by serology test and clinical features. Read More

Exp Appl Acarol 2016 Dec 4;70(4):483-489. Epub 2016 Nov 4.

Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Gado de Corte, Avenida Rádio Maia, 830, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79106-550, Brazil.

Ticks from Rhipicephalus sanguineus complex are widely distributed in the world and one species from this complex is the most common tick on dogs in Brazil, notably in urban areas. This tick is a vector of several diseases. Among others it transmits the agent of canine Ehrlichiosis, a major dog infectious disease and the agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2016 Sep-Oct;49(5):653-655

Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) is caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii. Because of its high case-fatality rate and apparent increase in areas of transmission, it is considered to be the rickettsial illness of primary public health interest. Cases of this disease have historically occurred in Southeastern Brazil. Read More

Natl Med J India 2016 May-Jun;29(3):166-168

Department of Pathology, Columbia Asia Referral Hospital, Malleswaram, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Geographic eponyms have commonly been used in medical terminology, with diseases and medical entities being named after the place where the condition was discovered (e.g. Bombay Blood group) or invented (Jaipur Foot) or where the disease was first detected (Rocky Mountain Spotted fever) or where a consensus meeting has been held (Banff) or for other reasons (Argentina flag, Congo red stain). Read More

Surv Ophthalmol 2016 Nov - Dec;61(6):726-744. Epub 2016 Apr 7.

Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Electronic address:

Tick-borne illnesses are a significant disease burden worldwide. Diagnosis is challenging and requires a high level of clinical suspicion. Ocular manifestations reported in association with tick-borne disease are mostly as case reports and small case series because of the relative infrequency with which they occur; however, given the global nature of health care and increase in travel in the 21st century, it is important for ophthalmologists to be aware of ocular manifestations of these diseases because early diagnosis may reduce morbidity and mortality. Read More

Med Vet Entomol 2016 12 28;30(4):410-415. Epub 2016 Sep 28.

Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Rafaela, Argentina.

The aim of this work was to test the vectorial competence of Amblyomma tonelliae (Ixodida: Ixodidae) to transmit Rickettsia rickettsii (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), the agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF). All parasitic stages of A. tonelliae were exposed to R. Read More

Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2016 Nov;27(6):530-537

aMayo Medical School bDepartment of Ophthalmology cMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Tick-borne diseases are increasing in incidence and geographic distribution. Several diseases endemic to the United States have ophthalmic manifestations, including the most common tick-borne disease, Lyme borreliosis. As ocular complaints may lead a patient to seek medical evaluation, it is important to be aware of the systemic and ophthalmic manifestations of tick-borne diseases in order to make the correct diagnosis. Read More