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Cardiology 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Background The combination of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and atrial fibrillation (AF) is still a thorny problem in the clinic. At present, there are few reports on the role of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) in AF after AMI. This study was to explore the predictive value of sST2 in patients with AMI for new-onset AF. Read More

JACC Case Rep 2022 May 4;4(9):556-558. Epub 2022 May 4.

Department of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

Isolated right ventricular myocardial infarctions (MIs) are rare, especially those presenting with anterior ST-segment elevation, which is normally seen in anterior MI. This occurs if the right coronary artery is nondominant. Differentiating between them is important for clinical management. Read More

Acta Clin Belg 2022 May 11:1-6. Epub 2022 May 11.

Department of Cardiology, Saint Lucas Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.

Background: There is a growing number of patients with ventricular paced rhythm, who present to the emergency department with chest pain. The diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is often postponed, as the 12 leads-electrocardiogram (ECG) is discarded as not interpretable. There is a growing body of literature that suggests that Smith-modified Sgarbossa criteria can be applied for the diagnosis of STEMI in patients with paced rhythms. Read More

Acta Biomed 2022 May 11;93(2):e2022023. Epub 2022 May 11.

+393441297942.

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) allows an accurate Right Ventricle (RV) assessment that could be of great relevance in diseases causing inflammation or fibrosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concomitant involvement of the RV in patients with delayed enhancement (DE) of the Left Ventricle (LV-DE) using CMR. We retrospectively enrolled 95 (male n. Read More

BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022 May 10;22(1):206. Epub 2022 May 10.

Department of Cardiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka City, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan.

Background: Simultaneous thrombosis in more than one coronary artery is an uncommon angiographic finding in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. It is difficult to identify using 12-lead electrocardiography and usually leads to cardiogenic shock and fatal outcomes, including sudden cardiac death. Therefore, immediate revascularization and adequate mechanical circulatory support are required. Read More

Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022 May 13;38(3):304-306. Epub 2022 Jan 13.

Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Ischemic mitral regurgitation, a known complication of myocardial infarction that results from left ventricular remodeling, causes heart failure and has a poor prognosis. While recent reports have revealed that surgical techniques utilizing a subvalvular or left ventricular approach might be effective in controlling mitral regurgitation, these methods are not yet established. We report the successful surgical management of a 73-year-old man who suffered from severe ischemic mitral regurgitation, experienced cardiogenic shock, and could not be weaned off mechanical support. Read More

Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022 May 5;38(3):317-320. Epub 2022 Jan 5.

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.

We present a patient with post-infarction posterior ventricular septal defect complicated by cardiogenic shock who was transferred after percutaneous coronary revascularization. A peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenator was placed as a bridge to definite treatment to stabilize his condition. Patch closure of the ventricular septal defect and tricuspid valve replacement were performed successfully with right atrial approach 3 days after the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) placement and 11 days after the myocardial infarction. Read More

Card Fail Rev 2022 Jan 21;8:e14. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, MA, US.

Right ventricular (RV) failure is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with in-hospital mortality rates estimated as high as 70-75%. RV failure may occur following cardiac surgery in conjunction with left ventricular failure, or may be isolated in certain circumstances, such as inferior MI with RV infarction, pulmonary embolism or following left ventricular assist device placement. Medical management includes volume optimisation and inotropic and vasopressor support, and a subset of patients may benefit from mechanical circulatory support for persistent RV failure. Read More

Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022 May 3. Epub 2022 May 3.

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama, 2-5-1 Nakaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0804, Japan.

Methods Mol Biol 2022 ;2429:257-267

Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Myocardial infarction (MI) can lead to irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs), primarily localized to the left ventricle (LV) of the heart. The CMs of the LV are predominantly derived from first heart field (FHF) progenitors, whereas the majority of CMs within the right ventricle originate from the second heart field (SHF) during early cardiogenesis. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) serve as a valuable source of CMs for understanding early cardiac development and lineage commitment of CMs within these two heart fields that ultimately enable the development of more effective candidates for cell therapy. Read More

Eur Heart J Case Rep 2022 Apr 16;6(4):ytac171. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 100, 70029 KYS Kuopio, Finland.

Background: Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) are congenital disorders associated with variable manifestations and pathophysiological mechanisms. Anomalies can be asymptomatic or cause chest pain, myocardial infarction, or even sudden cardiac death.

Case Summary: We describe a 34-year-old man with a history of a single episode of chest pain. Read More

JACC Case Rep 2022 Mar 16;4(6):364-369. Epub 2022 Mar 16.

Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.

This case highlights the successful resuscitation of a 43-year-old man with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and refractory ventricular fibrillation by using a combination of mechanical chest compressions and intra-aortic balloon pump insertion. This bailout strategy facilitated primary multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention in a center without on-site extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. (). Read More

Artif Organs 2022 May 1. Epub 2022 May 1.

Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Objective: Myocardial damage occurs in up to 25% of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. While veno-venous extracorporeal life support (V-V ECLS) is used as respiratory support, mechanical circulatory support (MCS) may be required for severe cardiac dysfunction. This systematic review summarizes the available literature regarding MCS use rates, disease drivers for MCS initiation, and MCS outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Read More

Eur Heart J Case Rep 2022 Mar 14;6(3):ytac101. Epub 2022 Mar 14.

Cardiology Department, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Swing Wing | Level 8 | Room C 08-289, Al Maryah Island, PO BOX 112412, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

Background: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality (27-51%). Little is known about the feasibility and safety of emergency transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for critical aortic stenosis (AS) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with CS.

Case Summary: A 57-year-old male with history of tobacco dependence and diabetes mellitus presented with acute posterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and CS. Read More

Acta Neurol Taiwan 2022 Dec;31(4):179-185

Stroke Center and Department of Neurology.

Purpose: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is characterized angiographically by transient left ventricular systolic dysfunction sparing the basal segments of the left ventricle and absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Epileptic seizures as triggering events for TTS are uncommon, having only been described in approximately 100 previous cases Case report: A 64-year-old woman with a history of recent stroke-related seizures was admitted for an acute onset of right hemiparesis with dull response. Neurological examination revealed a forced deviation of the eyeballs to the left side and quadriplegia. Read More

Egypt Heart J 2022 Apr 25;74(1):33. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Department of Cardiology, LPS Institute of Cardiology, GSVM, GT Road, Swaroop Nagar, Kanpur, UP, 208002, India.

Background: Temporary pacing is usually performed by cardiologists under fluoroscopic, echocardiographic, or ECG guidance. However, in the developing world, there are inadequate number of cardiologists, and C-arm, catheterization laboratories, or echocardiography are not available at primary or secondary healthcare facilities. In addition, in emergencies option of fluoroscopy and echocardiography is limited. Read More

JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2022 04;15(8):890-895

Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA. Electronic address:

Circulation 2022 Apr 18;145(16):1254-1284. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I (E.L., A.K., K.K., L.B., C.S., S.F., T.P., D.B., S.B., J.H., S.M., M.O.), Klinikum der Universität München, and German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance.

The Impella device (Impella, Abiomed, Danvers, MA) is a percutaneous transvalvular microaxial flow pump that is currently used for (1) cardiogenic shock, (2) left ventricular unloading (combination of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and Impella concept), (3) high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions, (4) ablation of ventricular tachycardia, and (5) treatment of right ventricular failure. Impella-assisted forward blood flow increased mean arterial pressure and cardiac output, peripheral tissue perfusion, and coronary blood flow in observational studies and some randomized trials. However, because of the need for large-bore femoral access (14 F for the commonly used Impella CP device) and anticoagulation, the incidences of bleeding and ischemic complications are as much as 44% and 18%, respectively. Read More

BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022 04 13;22(1):168. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Heart Failure Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 North Lishi Road, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with extreme hypertrophy, biventricular obstruction and diffuse myocardial fibrosis complicated by myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA) is a rare phenotype. Evidence and guideline recommendations are still lacking for a treatment strategy.

Case Presentation: Emergency coronary angiography was performed in a 38-year-old man with a 2-year history of nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) presenting with acute myocardial infarction. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2022 Apr 12;16(1):149. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology at the University of California San Diego Health System, 9452 Medical Center Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.

Background: This case report demonstrates acute myeloid leukemia causing acute thrombosis of coronary arteries with anterolateral ST elevation myocardial infarction and ventricular tachycardia in an otherwise healthy woman. Few case reports have been documented on patients with concomitant conditions of acute myeloid leukemia and acute myocardial infarction, and it is important to note that prognosis for patients with both is worse than that of either condition. While both conditions together are rare, other non-atherosclerotic causes of acute coronary syndromes are likewise important considerations in the context of myocardial ischemia. Read More

JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022 Mar 26;7(3):265-293. Epub 2022 Jan 26.

David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

This virtual workshop was convened by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, in partnership with the Office of Strategic Coordination of the Office of the National Institutes of Health Director, and held September 2 to 3, 2020. The intent was to assemble a multidisciplinary group of experts in basic, translational, and clinical research in neuroscience and cardiopulmonary disorders to identify knowledge gaps, guide future research efforts, and foster multidisciplinary collaborations pertaining to autonomic neural mechanisms of cardiopulmonary regulation. The group critically evaluated the current state of knowledge of the roles that the autonomic nervous system plays in regulation of cardiopulmonary function in health and in pathophysiology of arrhythmias, heart failure, sleep and circadian dysfunction, and breathing disorders. Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2022 25;9:852682. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department of Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.

A 59-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department for heart failure (HF), New York Heart Association (NYHA) IV, showing an anterior, evolved myocardial infarction (MI) with a wide apical left ventricular aneurysm (LVA), ejection fraction (EF) 24%, and global longitudinal strain (GLS) -5. 5% by echo. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed an apical LVA without thrombus, EF 20%, and a transmural delayed enhancement in the myocardium wall. Read More

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2022 Apr 6. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Introduction: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) in structurally normal hearts or nonischemic cardiomyopathy can originate from the aortic sinuses of Valsalva (SoV). It is unknown whether VT can originate from the SoVs in patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI).

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, arrhythmogenic substrate, and ablation outcomes of postinfarction VT originating from the SoVs. Read More

CJC Open 2022 Mar 18;4(3):340-343. Epub 2021 Nov 18.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

In the setting of acute coronary syndrome, right-ventricular (RV) infarction, which has significant clinical implications, can occur in conjunction with inferior left-ventricular (LV) infarction. In rare cases, RV infarction is isolated. We describe a case of isolated RV infarction identified based on previously described electrocardiogram findings in the absence of hemodynamic or imaging evidence of RV dysfunction. Read More

Cureus 2022 Feb 20;14(2):e22399. Epub 2022 Feb 20.

Department of Cardiology, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS) and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia (RML) Hospital, New Delhi, IND.

Introduction We assessed the right ventricular function in patients with first acute anterior wall myocardial infarction (AWMI) and inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI) without associated right ventricular infarction and assessed the relation between right ventricular function and the in-hospital clinical outcomes. Methods The present study was an observational cross-sectional study, which enrolled a total of 200 patients with chest pain of <24 hours who were diagnosed with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (MI) for the first time. Echocardiography was performed with a special emphasis on the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) score. Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2022 9;9:813904. Epub 2022 Mar 9.

Bristol Heart Institute, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom.

Background: Mature cardiomyocytes are unable to proliferate, preventing the injured adult heart from repairing itself. Studies in rodents have suggested that the extracellular matrix protein agrin promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation in the developing heart and that agrin expression is downregulated shortly after birth, resulting in the cessation of proliferation. Agrin based therapies have proven successful at inducing repair in animal models of cardiac injury, however whether similar pathways exist in the human heart is unknown. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Mar 29;15(3). Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Cardiology, SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Isolated right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI) is a rare clinical presentation of acute coronary syndrome. A high index of suspicion is needed for its timely diagnosis and management to prevent serious complications like heart failure, cardiogenic shock, ventricular arrythmias or sudden cardiac death. Coronary anomalies are rare entities with a varied clinical presentation. Read More

J Korean Med Sci 2022 Mar 14;37(10):e76. Epub 2022 Mar 14.

Department of Radiology, Samsung ChangWon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.

In acute pulmonary embolism (PE), circulatory failure and systemic hypotension are important clinically for predicting poor prognosis. While pulmonary artery (PA) clot loads can be an indicator of the severity of current episode of PE or treatment effectiveness, they may not be used directly as an indicator of right ventricular (RV) failure or patient death. In other words, pulmonary vascular resistance or patient prognosis may not be determined only with mechanical obstruction of PAs and their branches by intravascular clot loads on computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), but determined also with vasoactive amines, reflex PA vasoconstriction, and systemic arterial hypoxemia occurring during acute PE. Read More

BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022 03 14;22(1):102. Epub 2022 Mar 14.

Cardiology Department, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Karegar Shomali Street, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

Background: Evidence suggests that changes in left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions may affect right atrial (RA) phasic functions. We aimed to evaluate RA phasic functions in the presence of anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (ASTEMI) as an acute event and to compare the findings with those in a control group.

Methods: We recruited 92 consecutive ASTEMI patients without accompanying significant stenosis in the proximal and middle parts of the right coronary artery and 31 control subjects, matched for age, sex, diabetes, and hypertension. Read More

J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2022 04;23(4):228-233

Division of Cardiology - The Lundquist Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA.

Background: Arterial stiffness expressed by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a marker of arteriosclerosis. It can increase vascular load, which in turn may affect the viscoelastic myocardial properties and the left ventricular compliance. In the present study, we sought to investigate the association between CAVI and left ventricular structure assessed by cardiac computed tomography (CT) in a multiethnic adult cohort. Read More