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Cureus 2022 May 16;14(5):e25034. Epub 2022 May 16.

Clinical Neurosciences, University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Quezon City, PHL.

Cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis is a rare, potentially life-threatening, condition that is most often caused by gram-negative bacteria and, to a lesser extent, fungi. is an opportunistic fungus that frequently affects patients with a weak immune system. We describe a case of an adult female without diabetes who developed sphenoid sinusitis causing cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 14;14(5):e24986. Epub 2022 May 14.

Clinical Sciences, Eastern University of Sri Lanka, Batticaloa, LKA.

In a fast-evolving COVID-19 pandemic, co-infection with mucormycosis has been reported in some parts of the world. It is still unknown whether one of the either diseases makes the patient susceptible to developing the other. The co-occurrence of them significantly elevates the mortality risk and is commonly reported in immunocompromised individuals. Read More

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2022 Jun 31;21(2):297-306. Epub 2020 Jul 31.

Mexico City, Mexico.

Background: Temporal muscle has great versatility to cover defects, caused by resections or large soft tissue losses of the middle facial third, has been used for more than 100 years. In the skin, the temporal muscle is transformed by the phenomenon called skin dermalization and mucolization in the oral cavity.

Purpose: This article shows how the temporal muscle is divided into two segments (bipartition) or three segments (tripartition) achieving a transposition of the muscle to cover large empty spaces caused by orbital exenteration or in maxilectomy. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2022 7;2022:1248325. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Anesthesiology and Critical Care Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Background: Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a serious invasive fungal infection that is one of the most aggressive and lethal of invasive mycoses. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been linked to immune dysregulation, and patients with COVID-19 have been reported to be at risk for developing invasive fungal infections. This study is conducted to evaluate the concurrence of mucormycosis among COVID-19 patients. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 20;14(4):e24311. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.

Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is a fulminant, often fatal, angioinvasive fungal infection commonly transmitted through inhalation of fungal spores and traumatic inoculation. While the literature has documented rare cases of infection in immunocompetent patients, the vast majority of case fatalities are noted in immunosuppressed populations. Common predisposing factors to infection include immunosuppressive therapies, hematologic malignancies, and most notably, uncontrolled diabetes. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2022 Apr 18;11(4):1532-1535. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Medical Science University (MPMSU), Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Mucormycosis is a fungal infection caused by members of Mucorales and zygomycotic species. These are saprophytes known as Mucormycotina that grow from rotten matter or soils during the decomposition of soil. It has been seen affecting many COVID-19-affected patients recently in India. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2022 Apr;70(4):11-12

DY Patil Medical College and Hospital, Pimpri, chinchwad.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a clinical syndrome associated with deficiency of insulin secretion or action. It is considered one of the largest emerging threats to health in the 21st century. Besides the classical complications of the disease, DM has been associated with reduced response of T cells, neutrophil function, and disorders of humoral immunity. Read More

Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2022 7;2022:8617212. Epub 2022 Apr 7.

College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE.

Recently, cases of rhinoorbital mucormycosis in people diagnosed with COVID-19 have been reported from India particularly. Diabetes mellitus though happens to be an independent risk factor both for severe COVID-19 and mucormycosis, administration of steroids is attributed as a precipitating factor for acquiring the comorbid condition. This opportunistic fungal infection is highly angioinvasive in nature because of which, clinical outcome of infection is invariably poor, especially with rhinocerebral or rhinoorbitocerebral variety of mucormycosis. Read More

Cureus 2022 Mar 8;14(3):e22973. Epub 2022 Mar 8.

Community Medicine, Dr. Sampurnanand (SN) Medical College, Jodhpur, IND.

Introduction: Mucormycosis is a serious but rare fungal infection that showed a sharp surge during the second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in India. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological aspects of mucormycosis cases presenting to a tertiary care centre of Western Rajasthan, India, as well as to identify potential risk factors for Mucormycosis.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study included 55 patients admitted with a diagnosis of mucormycosis between May and June, 2021, covering the second wave's post-COVID-19 period. Read More

Infect Dis (Lond) 2022 Aug 7;54(8):600-613. Epub 2022 Apr 7.

Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: The newly emerged pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is the world's main health challenge because infected patients become vulnerable to a variety of opportunistic diseases.

Objective: This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes, diagnosis, utilized drug therapies, and ongoing COVID-19 practices in Iranian cases co-infected with COVID-19 and mucormycosis.

Participants And Methods: A case-series analysis was conducted in the presence of 10 patients with COVID-19 and mucormycosis co-infection (two men and eight women; mean age of 48. Read More

Infez Med 2022 1;30(1):134-138. Epub 2022 Mar 1.

Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.

Mucormycosis is a serious and rare fungal disease caused by opportunistic fungi of the zygomycete class, order . The main clinical presentations are rhinocerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and disseminated infections. There are few reports in the literature of spondylodiscitis caused by mucormycosis. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2022 Jan 31;11(1):379-385. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.

Coronavirus disease has taken a toll on everyone's lives either physically or emotionally throughout the world. One of the most serious complications occurring currently in covid-positive and recovered patients is the deadly invasive mucormycosis. There are five clinical types of mucormycosis, out of which rhino-orbito-cerebral is the most common form (44%-49%). Read More

J Clin Pharm Ther 2022 Mar 18. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Health Economics Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

What Is Known And Objective: Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection associated with low incidence but high mortality. Few studies have shown the treatment and disease burden of mucormycosis in China. This study aims at collecting all the reported cases to describe the characteristics and treatment patterns and to assess the economic burden of mucormycosis in China. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2022 21;10:2050313X221078721. Epub 2022 Feb 21.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania.

Mucormycosis is an acute and aggressive fungal infection usually, but not exclusively, occurring in immunocompromised individuals. Lack of knowledge and awareness in developing countries hinders timely management. This case highlights the importance of a prompt index of suspicion for the timely and aggressive intervention of mucormycosis to the Tanzanian community. Read More

R I Med J (2013) 2022 Mar 1;105(2):8-12. Epub 2022 Mar 1.

Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.

Background: Mucormycosis can lead to fatal rhinocerebral infection.

Case: A 53-year-old male with diabetes presented with altered mental status. He had been recently discharged from an admission for COVID-19 pneumonia treated with remdesivir and methylprednisolone. Read More

QJM 2022 Apr;115(4):222-227

From the Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Annex-1, 52/1a Shambhunath Pandit Street, Kolkata 700025, India.

Background: Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) is one of the most common infectious causes of sporadic encephalitis. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been associated with immune dysregulation of the host that might increase the risk of infections like HSVE following SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is paucity of literature on post COVID-19 HSVE. Read More

Autops Case Rep 2022 20;12:e2021345. Epub 2021 Dec 20.

Universidade de São Paulo Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas São PauloSP Brasil Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Mucormycosis is a rare, sometimes severe fungal infection that has emerged as a possible complication of COVID-19. We report a case of a non-diabetic, apparently immunocompetent patient diagnosed with rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis shortly after COVID-19 treatment with dexamethasone. The patient received optimized systemic antifungal therapy and extensive surgical treatment. Read More

Cureus 2022 Jan 13;14(1):e21203. Epub 2022 Jan 13.

Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, USA.

Mucormycosis is a devastating fungal infection seen in patients who are immunosuppressed or in severe inflammatory states. Mucormycosis has been increasingly seen in the setting of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. We describe a 68-year-old male with a past medical history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus who presented with acute vision loss and was found to have concomitant diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on presentation. Read More

Cureus 2022 Jan 9;14(1):e21061. Epub 2022 Jan 9.

Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND.

With the evolution of COVID-19 disease, the emergence of more complications associated with COVID-19 is taking place. Mucormycosis is the most common opportunistic fungal infection encountered after COVID-19. In this case report, we describe a case of a 61-year-old male type 2 diabetic with sino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis infection who was treated with conventional guidelines for a recent COVID-19 infection and further presented with generalized tonic-clonic status seizures. Read More

Cureus 2021 Dec 29;13(12):e20812. Epub 2021 Dec 29.

ENT, Badr Al Samaa Hospital, Al Farwaniyah, KWT.

The repercussions of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are being felt throughout the world to this day. India is one such country ravaged by the second wave of the pandemic. Here, we report two cases of post-COVID-19 mucormycotic aneurysm of the internal carotid artery (ICA), which we believe are the first of their kind in the reported medical literature. Read More

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022 Jan 11:1-5. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Department of Public Health Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana India.

To determine whether low serum vitamin D level is a risk factor for development of Rhinocerebral mucormycosis in COVID-19 afflicted patients. A case control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital utilizing the archived records of COVID-19 afflicted Rhinocerebral mucormycosis cases and age and gender matched controls. The mean value (± standard deviation) of vitamin D level in patients with Mucormycosis was 19. Read More

J Fungi (Basel) 2021 Dec 20;7(12). Epub 2021 Dec 20.

Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico.

Aspergillosis and mucormycosis are filamentous fungal infections occurring predominantly in immunocompromised patients. Fulminant process with rapid infiltration of the contiguous tissue is distinctive for both type of fungi. The rhinocerebral co-infection by and Mucorales is very rare and is usually associated in immunocompromised patients with a high mortality rate. Read More

J Mycol Med 2022 Mar 28;32(1):101211. Epub 2021 Oct 28.

Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthetics and Traumatology, School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, São Paulo 2227, Brazil.

Mucormycosis is an aggressive, rare and opportunistic infectious disease, with a high mortality rate. Etiologic agents are filamentous fungi, and infection among humans normally occurs through spore inhalation. A 61-year-old male individual, presenting left eye amaurosis, dark epistaxis, hyperalgesia and malodor underwent clinical examination, which detected ulcerative lesion and wide bone exposure in the hard palate and alveolar ridge. Read More

Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021 Nov;56(11):1207-1209

Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.

Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2021 15;34(6):703-704. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center - Temple, Temple, Texas.

We present a case of a 55-year-old poorly controlled diabetic who presented to the hospital with facial pain, ophthalmoplegia, vision changes, and diabetic ketoacidosis and was diagnosed with rhinocerebral mucormycosis due to . He was started on liposomal amphotericin B and micafungin and went for nasal endoscopy and debridement, but the infection had progressed through the base of the skull and he received the maximum tolerated debridement. Posaconazole was added and discontinued due to elevated liver chemistry tests and was replaced with oral isavuconazole. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022 02 20;80(2):333-340. Epub 2021 Sep 20.

Program director, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tennessee Medical Center in Knoxville, Knoxville, TN.

A large volume of reports detailing a marked increase in Mucormycosis infections in India has filtered its way into world news articles. These patients frequently have 2 risk factors: recent treatment of COVID-19 with high dose steroids, and uncontrolled diabetes. Recently, at the University of Tennessee Medical Center in Knoxville, we successfully treated an uncontrolled diabetic patient with rhinocerebral Mucormycosis as a sequela of his COVID-19 treatment. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Jun 12;279(6):2965-2972. Epub 2021 Oct 12.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Purpose: Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive angioinvasive fungal infection commonly seen in diabetics. In the COVID-19 pandemic we have witnessed a sudden surge in these cases. We aimed to evaluate the disease presentation, patterns of spread, and any association with the COVID-19 virus. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2021 Oct 4;9(10):e04889. Epub 2021 Oct 4.

Allergy Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran.

This is a report of established invasive rhinosinusitis in a patient diagnosed with COVID-19 and afflicted by AML, which was initially considered to be rhinocerebral mucormycosis. Read More

J Emerg Med 2022 01 9;62(1):95-100. Epub 2021 Sep 9.

Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has increased in prevalence in the emergency department (ED) in recent years. The complications of DKA are life threatening and necessitate rapid identification and management. Pediatric complications include cerebral edema, venous thrombosis, acute kidney injury, and severe infections including necrotizing fasciitis and mucormycosis. Read More

JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2021 Jul 30;59(239):703-705. Epub 2021 Jul 30.

Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.

With the surge of cases during the second wave of COVID-19 in Nepal, a number of mucormycosis coinfection cases have also come to our attention. We present a case of a 65-year-old female who was admitted to our emergency department with complaints of pain, swelling, and tingling sensation of the left side of the face along with blood-tinged nasal discharge for 20 days. She had been tested positive for COVID-19 a month back and managed with oxygen support and corticosteroids. Read More