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J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Allergy, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, San Diego, CA; Department Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA.

A large number of clinically impactful studies and reviews were published in this Journal in 2018. This article provides highlights of the original research published in 2018 issues of JACI: In Practice on the subjects of anaphylaxis, asthma, dermatitis, drug allergy, eosinophilic disorders, food allergy, immune deficiency, rhinitis/upper respiratory disease, and urticaria/angioedema. Within each topic, practical aspects of diagnosis and management are emphasized. Read More

Nitric Oxide 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.

Chronic cough is one of the most common and troublesome nonspecific respiratory symptom for which patients seek a general practitioner and specialist advice. It is conventionally defined as a cough lasting for more than 8 weeks. Exhaled nitric oxide has proven to be a specific biomarker capable to discriminate between differential diagnoses of chronic cough and simultaneously provide information about the response to specific treatment. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 Dec;22(23):8076-8083

Department of Otolaryngology, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University, Beijing, China.

Objective: To investigate the potential effect of miR-487b/IL-33-ST2 axis on the pathology of allergic rhinitis (AR) and the relevant mechanism.

Patients And Methods: The expression level of interleukin-33 (IL-33), a homolog of sulfotransferase (ST2), and miR-487b were detected in patients with or without allergic rhinitis. Luciferase assay was performed to evaluate the interaction between miR-487b and IL-33, and the effects of miR-487b/IL-33-ST2 axis on allergic rhinitis mice were determined by established allergic rhinitis model in mice by ovalbumin (OVA). Read More

Rhinology 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Clinical Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

Background: Local allergic rhinitis (LAR) is found in some patients with typical symptoms but who have negative skin prick tests and negative IgE to aeroallergens while presenting with positive nasal provocation tests for proper allergens. Little information about the clinical characteristics and prevalence of LAR has been published. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of LAR in patients with symptoms of chronic rhinitis. Read More

Auris Nasus Larynx 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Objective: CD4 T cells play an important role not only in the induction of allergy but also in allergic inflammation. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) also mediate type 2 immune responses in allergic rhinitis (AR). However, the relationships between CD4 T cells and ILC2s in allergic condition are currently not well defined. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Jan 3;116:177-180. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

University of Auckland, Department of Surgery, PO Box 99743, Newmarket, Auckland, 1149, New Zealand.

Introduction: Children who undergo adenotonsillectomy have a range of symptoms. Some present with infective symptoms, others with obstructive symptoms, and many with a combination of both. The most common surgical indication has changed over the past several decades from infective symptoms to obstructive symptoms. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.

Propose: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a very common, chronic and global health problem. In the last two decades, the efficiency of barrier-enforcing measures in AR has been investigated. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of allergen-blocker mechanical barrier gel (MBG) (AlerjiSTOP) treatment on symptoms and quality of life score (QoLS) in patients with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. Read More

Zoonoses Public Health 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Wildlife and Habitat Branch, BC Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada.

Striped skunks (skunks) are susceptible to respiratory infection by influenza A viruses (IAV). As they are common synanthropes, maintenance of IAV in skunks could provide a source of infection for humans. We previously studied the nasal turbinates, lungs and faeces of 50 free-ranging skunks for the presence of IAV and identified two individuals with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection during the 2009/2010 and 2013/2014 flu seasons. Read More

Lancet Respir Med 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. Electronic address:

Background: Few genetic studies that focus on moderate-to-severe asthma exist. We aimed to identity novel genetic variants associated with moderate-to-severe asthma, see whether previously identified genetic variants for all types of asthma contribute to moderate-to-severe asthma, and provide novel mechanistic insights using expression analyses in patients with asthma.

Methods: In this genome-wide association study, we used a two-stage case-control design. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Jan 26;109:1915-1923. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Anatomy, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea; Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Piper nigrum L. is commonly used as a traditional medicine and food in many countries. It has been reported to have anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, anti-mutagenic, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Dec;32(23):1783-1787

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550002, China.

To observe the clinical efficacy of nasal corticosteroids combined with nasal antihistamine in the treatment of vasomotor rhinitis. One hundred and twenty vasomotor rhinitis patients were randomly divided into three groups including budesonide group, azelastine group, and budesonide and azelastine group with 40 cases in each. Nasal spray with nasal corticosteroids and nasal antihistamines was applied for combined treatment group, while the patients in budesonide group and azelastine group were given only nasal corticosteroids and nasal antihistamines, respectively. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Oct;32(19):1464-1468

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University.

To analyze the dynamic changes of the clinical features of chronic rhinosinusitis in recent 10 years, so as to deeply understand the characteristics of chronic rhinosinusitis, and to provide new ideas for treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. This retrospective study was performed in patients who were diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis and enrolled. General information, clinical examination and pathological results were all collected, then patients' age, gender, the incidence of asthma and allergic rhinitis, peripheral eosinophil percentage, olfactory dysfunction and pathological results were statistically analyzed. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Oct;32(19):1459-1463

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery(Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China.

To analyze the dynamic changes of the clinical features of chronic rhinosinusitis in recent 10 years, so as to deeply understand the characteristics of chronic rhinosinusitis, and to provide new ideas for treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. This retrospective study was performed in patients who were diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis and enrolled. General information, clinical examination and pathological results were all collected, then patients' age, gender, the incidence of asthma and allergic rhinitis, peripheral eosinophil percentage, olfactory dysfunction and pathological results were statistically analyzed. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Oct;32(19):1455-1458

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.

To explore the clinical efficacy of unilateral vidian neurectomy following endoscopic trans-sphenoethmoidal recess approach in treating allergic rhinitis. The clinical data of 80 patients with moderate-severe allergic rhinitis who underwent unilateral vidian neurectomy following endoscopic trans-sphenoethmoidal recess approach were reviewed retrospectively. Visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to assess total symptom scores and nasal symptoms including nasal itching, nasal sneezing, rhinorrhea and nasal congestion. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Sep;32(18):1440-1443

Immunotherapy, among all the treatments of allergic rhinitis, is the only one which aims directly at etiological factor.Even though, subcutaneous immunotherapy is a widely used and effective therapeutic method in clinical practice, there is no definite answer in the current research about how it regulates the immune mechanism of allergic rhinitis, that is, how to predict the curative effect according to its objective indicators. In order to have an insight into its clinical role in the immune mechanism of allergic rhinitis,this article will have an overview about it, on the basis of the pertinent medical literature. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Sep;32(18):1391-1395

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.

To investigate the immunologic functional changes of peripheral dendritic cells (DC) in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) during the treatment by budesonide aerosol inhalation.25 patients with moderate to severe persistent AR were concluded in current study, and they were given budesonide aerosol inhalation for 8 weeks. AR related nasal symptom scores and indices, peripheral DC counts and percentages as well as their activation before and 4 weeks, 8 weeks after treatment were determined. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Sep;32(18):1377-1382

Department of Otolaryngology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325000, China.

To explore the prevalence of allergy in patients with acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) and evaluate the severity of symptoms in ARS children with or without allergy.Two hundred and seven children (4-12 years of age) with ARS and 85 children of control group were included in our research from June, 2016 to January, 2018. We use questionaire to collect the basic information of pediatric patients. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Dec;32(24):1865-1870

Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.

To compare the clinical efficacy of different concentrations of saline irrigation in adjuncative treatment of allergic rhinitis by Meta-analysis. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the studies using random controlled trials were retrieved from the Pubmed, Web of science, The Cochrane Library, Embase et al. The Mata-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5. Read More

Laryngoscope 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Objectives/hypothesis: To compare immunologic modification and treatment outcomes after 2 years of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with house dust mite extracts (HDM) between monosensitized and polysensitized patients with allergic rhinitis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Among the patients who were prospectively enrolled in the SLIT cohort study, patients with allergic rhinitis who were sensitized to HDM and treated with SLIT for at least 2 years were studied. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, South Korea.

Background: Upper airway barrier dysfunction has been associated with chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis. Alternaria is commonly found in nasal secretion and plays a role in the pathogenesis of airway diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Alternaria on the junctional complex of nasal epithelial cells. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relations between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and chronic rhinosinusitus (CRS) in a Korean population.

Methods: Subjects from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, all ≥20 years old, were assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 23,489 CRS participants were matched with 93,956 controls at a ratio of 1:4 with respect to age, group, sex, income group, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1894:31-45

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.

Mast cells are key effector cells in inflammatory and allergic immune responses such as asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. Activation of mast cells leads to immediate release of preformed mediators such as histamine and proteases, which can regulate vascular permeability and the function of a number of immune and nonimmune cells. Engineered nanomaterials (ENM) have been utilized for a wide range of applications and introduced into a number of consumer products; yet the consequent increase in human exposure and any potential adverse effects have not been fully evaluated. Read More

Allergo J Int 2018 9;27(8):245-255. Epub 2018 Jul 9.

9Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Background: Apart from active allergen avoidance, immunotherapy is regarded as the most effective form of treatment available for type I allergies. Such treatments involve the administration of allergen preparations in various forms and by various routes. Virus-like particles (VLPs) offer a very effective platform for immunization with the allergen and are characterized by high immunogenicity, low allergenicity and high clinical efficacy. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2018 Dec 12;19(12). Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, "Magna Græcia" University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.

Background: Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) play a pivotal role in innate host defense and in immune response. The delineation of new MS-based profiling tools, which are able to produce panels of AMP of the nasal fluid (NF), may be attractive for the discovery of new potential diagnostic markers of respiratory disorders.

Methods: Swabs collected NF from healthy patients and from patients with respiratory disorders. Read More

Med Sci (Basel) 2018 Dec 11;6(4). Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.

We review current management for allergic rhinitis and possible new treatments for this condition. Management of allergic rhinitis includes promotion of protective factors, avoidance of allergens, and possibly immunotherapy. In recent years, the incidence of allergic rhinitis has increased in many countries. Read More

Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2018 Dec 13:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Scientific Affairs, ALK A/S, Guangzhou,

Background: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP) and Blomia tropicalis (BT) are the dominant house dust mites inducing allergic diseases in tropical climates. It is not known whether the efficacy of DP subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is similar in patients sensitized to DP alone or to both DP and BT.

Method: Ninety-five children (5-17 years old) affected by asthma with rhinitis and sensitized to both DP and BT received 3 years of DP-SCIT. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2018 Dec 19;16(6):5178-5184. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic inflammatory condition. It has been previously indicated that oxidative stress may contribute to allergic inflammation, including AR. Although molecular hydrogen (H), an antioxidative agent, has been effective in treatment of numerous oxidative stress-associated diseases, the effect of inhalation of a high concentration of H on AR remains unknown. Read More

Arerugi 2018 ;67(10):1379-1386

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui.

Curr Treat Options Allergy 2018 5;5(4):347-355. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

1Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Meilahdentie 2, 00250 Helsinki, Finland.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this paper is to review and summarize the current knowledge of prevention of airway allergy.

Recent Findings: Allergic rhinitis and asthma are allergic airway diseases. Due to their increasing incidence and socioeconomic burden, allergic airway diseases have recently gained attention worldwide. Read More

World Allergy Organ J 2018 3;11(1):35. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

1Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 32, Moscow, Russian Federation 119991.

Background: In addition to allergen-specific IgE (sIgE), allergen-specific IgG4 (sIgG4) antibodies are also involved in the immune response resulting from an allergen exposure. The aim of our study was to analyze sIgE and sIgG4 patterns in the most common allergic disorders: bronchial asthma, upper airway disorders and atopic dermatitis.

Methods: In this study a screening analysis of blood serum samples from 673 patients aged from 6 months to 17 years with different allergic entities was performed on microarrays. Read More

World Allergy Organ J 2018 4;11(1):31. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

1Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8530 Japan.

Background: Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP) is one of the most prevalent allergies in Japan. Within the past few decades, many food factors have been demonstrated to suppress symptoms of pollinosis and mast cell degranulation directly or indirectly. Herein, we conducted a study to clarify the anti-allergic potency of a fermented plant product (FPP) in JCP model mice. Read More

Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Nov 22. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

The Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Electronic address:

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects 1 out of 6 individuals. Perennial allergic rhinitis accounts for 40% of AR cases. Ciclesonide is one of the relatively new intranasal steroid for allergic rhinitis. Read More

Auris Nasus Larynx 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Japan. Electronic address:

Objective: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the mainstay therapy for patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) however compliance with CPAP is variable. Nasal ailments, such as nasal congestion are frequently mentioned as a cause for CPAP non-compliance, and potentially could be addressed prior to CPAP initiation, however, no specific criteria or recommendations for the evaluation and management of these patients exist. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the effects of nasal anatomic features and disease on adherence to CPAP therapy for patients with OSA and determine the indications for pre-CPAP nasal treatment by using data obtained at clinical examination. Read More

Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018 Aug 12;17(4):388-392. Epub 2018 Aug 12.

Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México.

Entamoeba histolytica produces, in axenic culture, the monocytes locomotion inhibitory factor (MLIF), a oligopeptide with selective anti-inflammatory properties. We evaluated the effect of MLIF on the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in CD4+ T lymphocytes from children with asthma and allergic rhinitis. Twelve children with severe asthma, 12 children with allergic rhinitis and 6 healthy controls were recruited for this study between May and December 2016. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Dec 11;24:8977-8983. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Allergy and Immunology, Dr. Ersin Arslan Education and Research Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey.

BACKGROUND Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma is a very effective treatment, but adherence is still a serious problem. Studies addressing real-life adherence to SCIT are rare in the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adherence to SCIT in AR and asthma. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Japanese cedar (JC) pollinosis is a common allergic rhinitis in Japan. The JC pollen SLIT tablet was developed using the highest concentration of JC pollen extract.

Objective: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II/III trial to investigate the optimal dose of the JC pollen SLIT tablet and examine long-term efficacy and safety for 3 years with the selected dose, and 2-year follow-up. Read More

Biomed Chromatogr 2018 Dec 9:e4464. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.

Xanthii fructus (XF), the fruit of Xanthium sibiricum Patr. is a traditional Chinese materia medica commonly used to treat allergic rhinitis (AR) and other rhinitis diseases. To uncover the mechanism of stir frying process and its effect on pharmacokinetic behavior of active compounds in model rats, four active compounds including chlorogenic acid, 4-caffeoylquinic acid, 1,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid and apigenin were selected based on previous spectrum-effect experiments. Read More

Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Via Galeazzi 4, 20164, Milan, Italy.

Changes in bacterial composition of nasal microbiota may alter the host's susceptibility to several infectious and allergic diseases such as chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 1-week administration of a probiotic product, composed by a combination of Streptococcus salivarius 24SMBc and Streptococcus oralis 89a, on the nostril microbiota. Differences in the nasal microbiota composition were investigated by using a next-generation sequencing approach. Read More

World Allergy Organ J 2018 5;11(1):37. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

1Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.

Background: The prevalence of allergic diseases, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema and food allergy, has been increasing worldwide, as shown in a large number of studies, including the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). However, there is significant variation in the prevalence of these diseases in different regions, suggesting that there may be location-specific factors such as environment and microbial exposure affecting allergic disease prevalence. Hence, in this study we determine if there is a difference in microbiota composition and allergen concentration of household dust collected from the homes of non-allergic and allergic subjects from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort. Read More

Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2018 4;14:84. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Tea Research Institute, Thalawakelle, Sri Lanka.

Background: Exposure to agrochemicals is one of the many aetiological agents, postulated to cause allergic diseases. In this study, we have compared the prevalence of allergic diseases among preschool children growing in environments exposed to agrochemicals and artificial fertilizers with those who are not exposed to them.

Methods: Our study was conducted on preschool children in two tea estates in the hill country of Sri Lanka, one using conventional agricultural practices and the other using organic practices. Read More

J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2018 Dec;28(6):428-430

UO Patologia Clinica, P.O. San Gennaro - Asl Napoli1-centro, Naples, Italy.

Sci Total Environ 2018 Nov 29;656:740-749. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Environmental Health, Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NO. 2 Weiliu Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan City, Shandong Province 250021, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

There is growing concern about health effects of high air pollution in less-developed countries. Children represent a population at increased risk for air pollution-related respiratory conditions. This study investigated the relationship between high ambient air pollution exposure and respiratory health of young schoolchildren. Read More

Auris Nasus Larynx 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.

Objective: It remains controversial whether nasal nitric oxide (NO) serves as a reliable parameter to evaluate treatment efficacy in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). The measurement of local nasal NO levels has been shown to be a sensitive marker for the diagnosis of symptomatic AR patients. Here we assessed the applicability of nasal NO to evaluations of the efficacy of intranasal steroids (INS) in a prospective design. Read More

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Departments of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya City University.

Background: We previously reported that dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with CD40 siRNA and pulsed by ovalbumin (OVA) (CD40-silenced OVA DCs) inhibited allergic responses through facilitation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, to our knowledge, no prior study has examined allergen-specific therapy by administration of siRNA-induced Tregs for the control of allergy.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of Tregs induced in vitro on allergic responses and symptoms in vivo. Read More

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease with a high global disease burden and significant morbidity and expense. Risk factors are not well understood.

Objective: The objective of our project is to study the prevalence and risk factors of AR in children living in the Bangkok area. Read More

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma are the most common inflammatory diseases of the airways. The relationship between asthma and AR is widely and clinically recognised. The concept "one airway, one disease" has been gradually accepted. Read More

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Clinical Trials and Evidence-Based Syntheses Research Unit (CTEBs RU), Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham, Thailand.

Background: Nasal saline irrigation has been reported to be effective as an adjunctive therapy for allergic rhinitis (AR), but concerns about adverse events, supply problems, and high costs have limited its widespread clinical use. Aqueous 1.8% sodium chloride solution prepared by patients using drinking water (1. Read More

Expert Rev Respir Med 2018 Dec 5:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

a Department of Biomedical Sciences , Humanitas University , Milano , Italy.

Introduction: Asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) are chronic conditions in which management needs adherence to prescribed drugs. Despite the benefits of regular maintenance of asthma and AR therapy, low adherence is a frequent issue in clinical practice. Areas covered: The aim of this review is to provide a targeted analysis of the more recent literature on adherence in asthma and AR, focused on the following areas: adherence extent, barriers and consequences, effects of educational interventions and use of new technologies to improve the level of adherence. Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2018 Dec 6:1945892418816015. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Dysregulation of the coagulation cascade and fibrinolysis system may play an etiologic role in many diseases. Allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, and conjunctivitis are also associated with fibrin accumulation caused by a change in hemostasis. However, only a few studies have dealt with the relationship between allergic rhinitis (AR) and the coagulation system. Read More

Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2019 Feb;19(1):12-17

Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Inflammation, Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, and the MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom.

Purpose Of Review: Sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT), a disease-modifying treatment for allergic rhinitis, can induce long-term clinical benefits which are mediated by immune responses that include generation of regulatory B (Breg) and T (Treg) cells. The newest member of the IL-12 superfamily, IL-35, is an anti-inflammatory cytokine known to be produced by Breg and Treg cells. Limited studies are available on the role of IL-35 on allergic rhinitis and during SLIT. Read More