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Eur J Ophthalmol 2022 May 17:11206721221102258. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Vitreo-retinal Services, 29954Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Aim: To report the outcomes of the "inverse drainage Nd:YAG laser membranotomy" technique for the management of pre-macular hemorrhage (PMH), which has its inferior margin near the fovea.

Methods: This retrospective study included eyes with PMH, with its inferior margin located within 0.5 disc-diameter (DD) of the fovea. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022 Jun 29;26:101560. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA, USA.

Purpose: To describe a case of Purtscher-like retinopathy that developed after a bowel movement.

Observations: A 32-year-old male presented with blurry vision and bilateral temporal paracentral scotomas that developed immediately after standing up from a bowel movement. Fundoscopic examination was notable for bilateral cotton wool spots in the nasal macula. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2022 May 7. Epub 2022 May 7.

Department of ophthalmology, université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Centre universitaire d'ophtalmologie (CUO), hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS de l'Est-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address:

J Fr Ophtalmol 2022 05 19;45(5):578-579. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Service d'ophtalmologie, centre hospitalier universitaire, avenue Albert-Raimond, 42000 Saint-Étienne, France; Biologie, ingénierie et imagerie de la Greffe de Cornée, BiiGC, EA2521, faculté de médecine, université Jean-Monnet, Saint-Étienne, France. Electronic address:

Cureus 2022 Jan 23;14(1):e21534. Epub 2022 Jan 23.

Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, IND.

Laser hyaloidotomy with Nd: YAG or green argon laser is a non-invasive, out-patient procedure in which the posterior hyaloid face is punctured and the opening enables the drainage of sub-hyaloid haemorrhage into the vitreous. The blood is absorbed gradually and vision is improved within days with gradual clearance of the macular area. Researchers recommend laser treatment in recent haemorrhages (<2 weeks) while for delayed cases invasive surgeries are advised. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Feb;70(2):710

Department of Vitreoretina, Choithram Netralaya, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Background: : "Achoo" is the sound that is correlated with sneezing. A sneeze, in rare occasions, it can cause Valsalva retinopathy. Usually, small bleeding gets absorbed with time. Read More

Optom Vis Sci 2022 03;99(3):303-307

Significance: The Valsalva maneuver is known to cause pre-retinal hemorrhages, which have a predilection to affect the macula. Certain conditions may increase the risk of developing Valsalva retinopathy including anemia. Knowing these associations can aid in uncovering underlying systemic conditions for which a patient may not otherwise be aware. Read More

Can J Ophthalmol 2022 02 11;57(1):e14-e16. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

LV Prasad Eye Institute, MTC Campus, Bhubaneswar, India. Electronic address:

Oman J Ophthalmol 2021 Jan-Apr;14(1):56-59. Epub 2021 Feb 27.

Department of Retina and Vitreous, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

We report the two cases who presented with sudden decreased vision and sub-internal limiting membrane (ILM) hemorrhage without a history of Valsalva maneuver, trauma, or hematological disorders. Multimodal imaging revealed the features suggestive of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in addition to the sub-ILM hemorrhage. A provisional diagnosis of sub-ILM hemorrhage secondary to PCV was made and was treated with intravitreal Bevacizumab injection. Read More

JAMA Ophthalmol 2021 07;139(7):807-809

Department of Retina and Vitreous, Hangzhou Aier Eye Hospital, Zhejiang, China.

Pan Afr Med J 2021 12;38:161. Epub 2021 Feb 12.

Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt.

Rom J Ophthalmol 2021 Jan-Mar;65(1):76-79

Retina and Vitreous Department, Grupo Oftalmológico Abdala-Figuerola AF, Barranquilla, Colombia.

A 16-year-old male patient presented with a 12-days sudden painless loss of vision in his left eye after diving in a lake. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the left eye was counting fingers. Anterior segment was unremarkable. Read More

Cureus 2021 Feb 17;13(2):e13387. Epub 2021 Feb 17.

Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU.

Leukemia is a systematic cancer of the blood and blood-forming tissues that affects multiple organs. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of leukemia that affects adults. Ophthalmic manifestations of leukemia could be observed in both acute and chronic leukemias. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Mar 5;14(3). Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guntur, India.

J Emerg Med 2021 Feb 23;60(2):220-222. Epub 2020 Oct 23.

Madigan Army Medical Center, Emergency Medicine, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington.

Background: Emergency physicians frequently evaluate patients with vision changes. The differential for this chief symptom is broad. We present a unique cause of a fixed scotoma that started while the patient was running sprints. Read More

Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2021 Jan-Feb 01;10(1):125-126

Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA.

Ann Emerg Med 2021 02;77(2):269-283

BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.

BMC Ophthalmol 2021 Jan 21;21(1):54. Epub 2021 Jan 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, Créteil, France.

Background: Pathologic myopia is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness.

Case Presentation: We report a case of an immediate post partum macular subretinal bleeding observed in a highly myopic patient. A 30-years-old woman presented two days after childbirth for sudden loss of vision in her right eye. Read More

Cureus 2020 Oct 29;12(10):e11239. Epub 2020 Oct 29.

Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU.

The state of pregnancy affects all organ systems including the eyes. Progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a known association. In proliferative DR, there is an increased risk of vitreous hemorrhage (VH) during spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) due to the Valsalva maneuver. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Oct 27;20(1):428. Epub 2020 Oct 27.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.

Background: Central retinal vein occlusion is a variable disease pattern. Preliminary stages of a complete occlusion of the central vein, wich are subsumed under the term venous stasis retinopathy, may occur as transient blurred vision and with subtle alterations of the fundus. Course and prognosis are benign, visual acuity usually recovers. Read More

Ophthalmologe 2021 Sep 15;118(9):944-947. Epub 2020 Sep 15.

Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Klinikum Saarbrücken gGmbH, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universität des Saarlandes, Winterberg 1, 66119, Saarbrücken, Deutschland.

This case report presents a unilateral visual impairment after overexertion in sport at a young age. A combined central retinal vein occlusion with a cilioretinal arterial branch occlusion was diagnosed. This clinical picture has been described in case series and does not usually have an embolic etiology. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Sep 14;20(1):368. Epub 2020 Sep 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.

Background: Valsalva retinopathy is known to occur as a sudden preretinal or sub-internal limiting membrane hemorrhage induced by a rapid rise in venous pressure following increased intrathoracic or intraabdominal pressure. Here we report a case of Valsalva retinopathy that was probably induced by straining that occurred due to following a handstand.

Case Presentation: A 15-year-old boy became aware of decreased visual acuity in his left eye immediately after doing a handstand for approximately 10 s during physical education class, and subsequently visited a local clinic on the same day. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2020 Dec 20;43(10):1117-1119. Epub 2020 Aug 20.

Université Mohammed V, Service ophtalmologie A, hôpital des spécialités de Rabat, Rabat, Maroc.

Eur J Ophthalmol 2022 Jan 22;32(1):NP5-NP8. Epub 2020 Jul 22.

Ophthalmology Clinic, General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.

Purpose: To report a breakthrough bleeding in the vitreous cavity due to deep venous thrombosis, in a case of a middle-aged male patient who suffered concomitantly from Fournier's gangrene. Fluorescent angiography imaging displayed the intravitreal hemorrhage as occurring.

Methods: We performed fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography at baseline and follow-up examinations. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2020 Oct 1;43(8):e275-e278. Epub 2020 Jul 1.

Centre d'application du diplôme d'étude spécialisée en ophtalmologie (CADES/O), CHU de Donka, Conakry, Guinée.

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020 Sep 17;19:100785. Epub 2020 Jun 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Purpose: To report a unique case of Valsalva retinopathy associated with ear popping behavior.

Observations: A 57-year-old woman with a history of well-controlled hypertension presented with episodes of seeing "spots" in her left eye for many years. Her most recent episode failed to resolve spontaneously. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2021 Jul 25;31(4):1953-1960. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Ulucanlar Training and Research Hospital, Ophthalmology Department of Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey.

Purpose: To investigate the long-term results and efficacy of the treatment modalities for preretinal hemorrhage due to valsalva retinopathy.

Methods: Retrospective review was conducted on 24 eyes of 24 patients with valsalva retinopathy who were treated between 2004 and 2019. These patients were treated with Nd:YAG laser, argon laser and vitrectomy or were only observed. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Jun 17;13(6). Epub 2020 Jun 17.

Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada