Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Backgrounds: There is still a lack of consensus about how to assess the risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Aims: We investigated the risk factors for DR and their association with PAD and CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods: A total of 1,421 patients diagnosed with T2D participated in this study. Read More
J Ophthalmol 2017 27;2017:8320909. Epub 2017 Aug 27.
Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Higashinanima-cho 2-17-77, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-8550, Japan.
Purpose: To evaluate the influences of 27-gauge vitrectomy on corneal topographic conditions.
Method: Fifty-six eyes of 56 patients undergoing 27-gauge vitrectomy were retrospectively studied. Twenty-three eyes with epiretinal membrane (ERM), 23 eyes with macular hole (MH), and 10 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) were included. Read More
Acta Med Port 2017 Aug 31;30(7-8):513-516. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
Centro de Estudos de Medicina Baseada na Evidência. Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade de Lisboa. Lisboa. Portugal; Cochrane Portugal. Lisboa. Portugal.
Postoperative vitreous hemorrhage is a complication following vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy, delaying visual recovery and making fundus examination and disease follow-up more difficult. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs such as bevacizumab, when injected in the vitreous cavity, reduce vascular proliferation and their use has been proposed to reduce the incidence of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage. The authors of this Cochrane systematic review evaluated all randomized controlled trials on the pre- or intraoperative use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor to reduce postoperative vitreous hemorrhage occurrence after vitrectomy in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Read More
Aim: To describe the demographic characteristics, ocular comorbidities, and clinical outcomes of patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and to determine the number of patients who returned for a follow-up eye examination.
Materials And Methods: We examined the clinical data of patients with NVG, who attended a glaucoma clinic between July 2010 and November 2014. We collected information on the demographic characteristics of the patients to include the level of education, ocular comorbidities, NVG stage, visual acuity, glaucoma medications, intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of patients who had a follow-up ocular examination at month 1, 3, 6, and 12. Read More
Albuminuria is closely associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR), but the precise role of the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) in screening for DR remains to be determined. This study aimed to investigate an ACR threshold for predicting DR in patients with type 2 diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,102 type 2 diabetes patients, aged ≥30 years and recruited from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010-2011. Read More
J Med Case Rep 2017 Sep 19;11(1):265. Epub 2017 Sep 19.
Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Al-Oruba Street, PO Box 7191, Riyadh, 11462, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of visual impairment in working-age adults worldwide. Panretinal photocoagulation is a cornerstone in its management; however, it may include a range of side effects and complications, one of these being serous retinal detachment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for serous retinal detachment after panretinal photocoagulation. Read More
Purpose: We investigated the expression of the proinflammatory and proangiogenic factor osteoprotegerin (OPG) and its ligands, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and the receptor RANK in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
Materials And Methods: Vitreous samples from PDR and nondiabetic control patients and epiretinal membranes from PDR patients were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis.
Results: Vascular endothelial growth factor, OPG, and soluble RANK levels in vitreous samples from PDR patients were significantly higher than that in nondiabetic controls. Read More
Proliferative vitreoretinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and age-related macular degeneration are a leading cause of decreased vision and blindness in developed countries. In these diseases, retinal fibro(vascular) membrane (FVM) formation above and beneath the retina plays an important role. Gene expression profiling of human FVMs revealed significant upregulation of periostin. Read More
Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, place Amelie-Raba-Leon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France; Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Inserm, U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) represents a main cause of acquired blindness. Despite the recognition of the key role exerted by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathogenesis of PDR, limitations to anti-VEGF therapies do exist. Thus, rapid and cost-effective angiogenesis assays are crucial for the screening of anti-angiogenic drug candidates for PDR therapy. Read More
Angiogenesis is a vital physiological process essential for growth and maintenance of the body. It plays an important role during embryonic development and generally absent in adults with some exceptions like during wound repair and menstrual cycle in women. Excess as well as deficiency in angiogenesis, result in pathological conditions. Read More
Background: Diabetic retinopathy is the first cause of blindness during working years.
Aim: Provide knowledge of screening coverage, prevalence and level of diabetic retinopathy in patients that belong to the Cardiovascular Health Program in primary care.
Material And Methods: Analysis of retinographies performed to 9076 diabetic patients aged 61 ± 13 years (61% women) adscribed to a Cardiovascular Health program in primary care centers of South-East Metropolitan Santiago. Read More
Background: The aims of this study were to estimate the risk for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to identify risk factors. We investigated a nationwide population-based cohort with diabetes diagnosed at age 15-34years.
Patients And Methods: Of 794 patients registered 1987-1988 in the Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS) 444 (56%) patients with retinal photos available for classification of retinopathy participated in a follow-up study 15-19 (median 17) years after diagnosis. Read More
Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Aims/hypothesis: Diabetic retinopathy is characterised by morphological lesions related to disturbances in retinal blood flow. It has previously been shown that the early development of retinal lesions temporal to the fovea may predict the development of treatment-requiring diabetic maculopathy. The aim of this study was to map accurately the area where lesions could predict progression to vision-threatening retinopathy. Read More
Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. Electronic address:
Aims: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), characterized by angiogenesis, can cause serve vision loss and even blindness. Recent studies have suggested a pivotal role of vasohibin-2 (VASH2) in the promotion of angiogenesis in tumor tissues. Here we further investigated the role of VASH2 in the proliferation and migration of retinal endothelial cells. Read More
A 43-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus, treated with insulin for 28 years and with an HbA1c of 7.9% six months prior, suffered from bilateral plantar ulcers refractory to specialised wound care. He underwent a planned 40 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) at 243 kPa for 90 minutes. Read More
Clin Ophthalmol 2017 14;11:1477-1482. Epub 2017 Aug 14.
Department of Endocrinology, Al Zahra Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Objective: Telemedicine reporting of diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening using ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus camera.
Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional study of diabetic patients who visited the endocrinology department of a private multi-specialty hospital in United Arab Emirates between April 2015 and January 2017 who underwent UWF fundus imaging. Fundus pictures are then accessed at the Retina Clinic in the Department of Ophthalmology. Read More
Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
Background -The vascular complications of diabetes mellitus are the major causes of morbidity and mortality among people with diabetes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in eukaryotes. In this study, we investigated the role of circRNA in retinal vascular dysfunction induced by diabetes. Read More
Instituto de la Vision - Hospital La Carlota, Camino al Vapor #209 Colonia Zambrano Montemorelos, Nuevo Leon 67530, México; Panhandle Eye Group, 7400 Fleming Ave., Amarillo, Texas 79106, USA; Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 1400 S. Coulter, Amarillo, Texas 79106, USA; Southwest Retina Specialists, 7411 Wallace Blvd., Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
Purpose: To assess the optimal interval of preoperative intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) administration in diabetic subjects undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for severe manifestations of active proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
Design: Randomized clinical trial METHODS: One hundred and fifty six patients with PDR-related complications requiring PPV were prospectively randomized into one of two treatment groups: Group A received IVB (2.5 mg/0. Read More
Department of Ophthalmology, Västmanland County Hospital, Västerås, Sweden.
Purpose: To study the occurrence and level of diabetic retinopathy (DRP) before and after planned bariatric surgery and to investigate potential risk factors for deterioration of DRP.
Methods: The Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry (SOReg) was used to identify diabetic patients who underwent gastric bypass (GBP) surgery at three centres in Sweden during 2008-2010. Information regarding DRP screening was obtained from ophthalmological patient charts. Read More
Secretogranin III (Scg3) is a member of the granin protein family that regulates the biogenesis of secretory granules. Scg3 was recently discovered as an angiogenic factor, expanding its functional role to extrinsic regulation. Unlike many other known angiogenic factors, the pro-angiogenic actions of Scg3 are restricted to pathological conditions. Read More
Department of Ophthalmology, The Joint Shantou International Eye Center (JSIEC) of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
Purpose: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) in a multi-hospital-based DR screening programme among patients with diabetes in China, the Lifeline Express Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program.
Methods: Patients with diabetes in eight hospitals across mainland China (both southern and northern) from January 2014 to July 2016 were recruited in this programme. All participants underwent a standardised interview and examinations and received digital fundus photography. Read More
Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is often related to severe obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, few studies, and none in Korea, have examined prevalence of T2DM and other variables in PWS. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and associated risk factors for T2DM in Korean patients with PWS. Read More
Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Background: The aim of this study was to examine the change in retinal thickness after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and/or silicone oil (SO) endotamponade in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
Methods: The actual amount and ratio of changes in the retinal thickness were calculated.
Results: Compared to control eyes in the ILM peeling (-)/SO (-) group, the central, superior inner, and temporal inner retina in the ILM peeling (+)/SO (-) group, the central and superior inner retina in the ILM peeling (-)/SO (+) group, and the central, inferior inner, temporal inner, and nasal inner retina in the ILM peeling (+)/SO (+) group showed a significant reduction of the retinal thickness. Read More
The recent success of therapies directly targeting the angiogenic mediator, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy has encouraged clinicians to extend the use of anti-VEGF therapies for the treatment of another ischemic retinal vascular disease, proliferative sickle cell retinopathy (PSR), the most common cause of irreversible blindness in patients with sickle cell disease. However, results from case reports evaluating anti-VEGF therapies for PSR have been mixed. This highlights the need to identify alternative therapeutic targets for the treatment of retinal neovascularization in sickle cell patients. Read More
Aims: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and retinopathy (DR) develop in a considerable number of subjects with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) despite the achievement of the recommended targets for glycaemia and blood pressure. Atherogenic dyslipidemia may play a relevant role, especially in T2DM women.
Methods: We report our findings on the effect of diabetic dyslipidaemia, the HDL subclasses distribution and the common cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)TaqIB variant on the incidence or the progression of DKD and DR in 97 T2D women, after a ∼9years of follow-up. Read More
Chronic vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, aneurysms, diabetic angiopathy/retinopathy as well as fibrotic and proliferative vascular diseases are generally complicated by the progression of degenerative insults, which are characterized by endothelial dysfunction, apoptotic/necrotic cell death in vascular/immune cells, remodeling of extracellular matrix or breakdown of elastic lamella. Increasing evidence suggests that dysfunctional calpain proteolytic systems and defective calpain protein metabolism in blood vessels contribute to degenerative disorders. In vascular endothelial cells, the overactivation of conventional calpains consisting of calpain-1 and -2 isozymes can lead to the disorganization of cell-cell junctions, dysfunction of nitric oxide synthase, sensitization of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription cascades and depletion of prostaglandin I2, which contributes to degenerative disorders. Read More
Jackson Heart Study Vanguard Center of Oxford, Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, Exercise Psychology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, United States. Electronic address:
Objective: We evaluated the specific differential association between non-bouted, lifestyle physical activities (vs. structured exercise; i.e. Read More
Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness among working age adults. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a kind of noncoding RNAs that are involved in the development of some diseases. Here, we aimed to determine the possible role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of DR by determining the expression profile of circRNAs in the serum of DR patients. Read More
Background/aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of individualised 2.0 mg intravitreal aflibercept retreatment for diabetic macular oedema (DME) through the fifth year of management.
Methods: This is a phase IV, 2-year, open-label extension study. Read More
The present study aimed to investigate the ability of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to identify injury to the visual centers of the brain in patients with type 2 diabetes with retinopathy. The study included 84 cases (63 patients with type 2 diabetic retinopathy and 21 healthy individuals) that were assessed using DWI. Diabetic patients were equally divided into three groups: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and diabetic without retinopathy. Read More
Prog Retin Eye Res 2017 Sep 12;60:44-65. Epub 2017 Aug 12.
Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address:
Wound healing is one of the most complex biological processes to occur in life. Repair of tissue following injury involves dynamic interactions between multiple cell types, growth factors, inflammatory mediators and components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Aberrant and uncontrolled wound healing leads to a non-functional mass of fibrotic tissue. Read More
*USC Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; †Wills Eye Hospital, Retina Service, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and ‡University of Washington Eye Institute, Seattle, Washington.
Purpose: To evaluate visual and anatomical outcomes of diabetic tractional retinal detachment repaired with pars plana vitrectomy.
Methods: Operative records were used to retrospectively identify all patients with tractional retinal detachments secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy surgically repaired with pars plana vitrectomy between November 1, 2009, and January 1, 2015 at the LAC + USC (Los Angeles County + University of Southern California) Medical Center.
Results: A total of 403 eyes with diabetic tractional retinal detachment in 359 patients were included. Read More
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes blindness in the working age for people with diabetes in most countries. The increasing number of people with diabetes worldwide suggests that DR will continue to be major contributors to vision loss. Early detection of retinopathy progress in individuals with diabetes is critical for preventing visual loss. Read More
Purpose: To determine the changes in the multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) at 1 year in a clinical series of diabetic macular edema (DME) patients treated with ranibizumab (RNBZ) using a pro re nata protocol.
Methods: We analyzed a clinical series of 35 eyes of 35 patients with DME at baseline and after treating them with RNBZ over 1 year, in order to determine the change in the macular function, which was assessed by means of the response density and the implicit time of the first-order kernel (FOK) P1 wave of the mfERG at the foveola (R1), fovea (R2) and parafovea (R3). These electrophysiological parameters were studied taking into account different independent variables, such as DME type, degree of diabetic retinopathy (DR), level of preservation of both the ellipsoid zone (IS/OS) and the external limiting membrane (ELM) and changes in central retinal thickness (CRT) and total macular volume (TMV). Read More
PurposeTo present our experience with the surgery in retinal detachment (RD) associated with giant retinal tear (GRT) over 10 years in a tertiary referral hospital.Patients and MethodsIn this retrospective study, the charts of all patients with the diagnosis of RD associated with GRT who underwent surgery from 2005 to 2015 at Rassoul Akram Hospital were reviewed. Exclusion criteria were concomitant presence of diabetic retinopathy, and uveitis. Read More
Introduction: For management of complicated retinal detachments, a pars plana vitrectomy with temporary silicone oil (SO) fill is the method of choice. According to literature, the retinal redetachment rate varies between <10% and >70% with around 36% in our own group (retrospective data analysis, n = 119 eyes).
Methods: The main goal was to reduce the retinal redetachment rate. Read More
The role of cytokines in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and effects of fenofibrate on cytokines were explored by observing changes in serum IL-1β, TNF-α, VEGF, and Lp-PLA2 in different stages of DR and the intervention effect of oral fenofibrate on cytokines.In total, 190 patients with type 2 DR were enrolled and divided into 3 groups: diabetic without retinopathy (NDR) group (n = 30), nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) group (n = 80), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group (n = 80). According to whether or not to accept fenofibrate treatment, NPDR and PDR groups were further divided into the NPDR control (NPDR1) group (n = 40) and the NPDR treatment (NPDR2) group (n = 40), and the proliferative diabetic retinopathy control (PDR1, n = 40) group and the proliferative diabetic retinopathy treatment (PDR2) group (n = 40). Read More
Background/aims: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a severe blinding condition. We investigated whether retinal metabolism, measured by retinal oximetry, may predict PDR activity after panretinal laser photocoagulation (PRP).
Methods: We performed a prospective, interventional, clinical study of patients with treatment-naive PDR. Read More
BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2017 27;5(1):e000404. Epub 2017 May 27.
Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Objective: To examine whether the existence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) could be associated with the prevalent sarcopenia and muscle quality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Research Design And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 316 patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age 65±12 years; 38% female). Body compositions were measured by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Read More
Aims/introduction: To collectively evaluate the association between haptoglobin (Hp) gene variants and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed for eligible studies. After inclusion and exclusion selection as well as quality assessment, those studies meeting quality standards were included. Read More
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017 May;58(6):BIO200-BIO205
Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 2Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Purpose: To analyze the associations between retinal vessel geometry and the 1-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a Chinese population.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of adult subjects with diabetes mellitus. Retinal vascular geometry was quantified from fundus photographs using a semiautomated computer-assisted program. Read More
Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017 Sep 27;131:154-160. Epub 2017 Jun 27.
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
Aims: To assess the relationship between insulin resistance (IR), retinopathy and maculopathy in young adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A cross-sectional study at a regional Australian tertiary hospital. Retinal pathology, assessed by colour fundus photography, was correlated with two surrogate measures of IR: estimated Glucose Disposal Rate (eGDR) and Insulin Sensitivity Score (ISS), where lower scores reflect greater IR. Read More
Importance: Among adults with diabetes in the United States, severe forms of diabetic retinopathy (DR) are significantly associated with a greater vision-related functional burden.
Objective: To assess the functional burden of DR across severity levels in the United States.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study was based on 1004 participants 40 years or older with diabetes and valid ocular and sociodemographic outcomes in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) (2005-2006 and 2007-2008). Read More
Angiogenesis, in which vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 plays an essential role, is associated with a variety of human diseases including proliferative diabetic retinopathy and wet age-related macular degeneration. Here we report that a system of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated endonuclease (Cas)9 from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpCas9) is used to deplete VEGFR2 in vascular endothelial cells (ECs), whereby the expression of SpCas9 is driven by an endothelial-specific promoter of intercellular adhesion molecule 2. We further show that recombinant AAV serotype 1 (rAAV1) transduces ECs of pathologic vessels, and that editing of genomic VEGFR2 locus using rAAV1-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 abrogates angiogenesis in the mouse models of oxygen-induced retinopathy and laser-induced choroid neovascularization. Read More
PurposeTo assess the changes in diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients post bariatric surgery and report on the risk factors that may be associated with it.Patients and methodsRetrospective observational study of T2DM patients who underwent bariatric surgery in a UK specialist bariatric unit between 2009 and 2015. Preoperative and postoperative weight, HbA1c, and annual DR screening results were collected from medical records. Read More
Int J Ophthalmol 2017 18;10(6):948-954. Epub 2017 Jun 18.
Department of Medicine and HIV Metabolic Clinic, Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire MK 6 5LD, UK.
Aim: To assess the frequency and associated risk factors of diabetic retinopathy among Sudanese individuals with diabetes attending Makka Eye complex in Khartoum, Sudan.
Methods: The cross sectional hospital based study recruited 316 individuals with diabetes from Makkah Eye Complex Retina Clinic. Standard questionnaire was used to collect demographic data, medical history and life style characteristics. Read More
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between macular structural changes and visual prognosis after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Methods: The study included 60 eyes that had undergone PPV. Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings were classified into 5 groups preoperatively and 10 groups postoperatively. Read More
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a well-known microvascular complication related to inflammation. Mcc950 is a potent and specific inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome but its influence on DR has not been studied. Thus, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of Mcc950 on high-glucose-induced human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) and the potential underlying mechanism. Read More