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Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020 Jul 10. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, #170 Hyunchungro, Nam-gu, Daegu, 42415, South Korea.

Purpose: To investigate the topographic changes in the retinal capillary plexus and the choriocapillaris according to the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Subjects were recruited and classified into one of the following four groups: normal controls (n = 52), diabetes without DR (n = 49), non-proliferative DR (n = 51) and proliferative DR (n = 38). Using OCTA, the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and the choriocapillaris vessel densities were measured and compared in different macular areas: the fovea (1-mm diameter circular area), parafovea (1-3-mm diameter ring) and perifovea (3-6-mm ring). Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Jul 9. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Purpose: To investigate the long-term outcomes of patients who underwent vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: Cumulative incidences were calculated for low vision (<0.3), re-vitrectomy in the study eye and fellow eye vitrectomy. Read More

Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2020 Jul 4. Epub 2020 Jul 4.

Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Servicio de Oftalmología, Terrassa, Barcelona, España.

The case is presented on an 80-year-old woman with IgA multiple myeloma (MM), who developed retinal changes similar to mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, with micro-aneurysms and intraretinal fluid. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy for MM, and with bevacizumab intravitreal injections, with control of her ocular disorder for 22 months. Anti-angiogenic therapy can be useful in the control of retinopathy secondary to MM, as long as the systemic disease has been controlled. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Jul 4;21(13). Epub 2020 Jul 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.

Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis play a crucial role in embryonic development. Pathological neovascularization in ocular tissues can lead to vision-threatening vascular diseases, including proliferative diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, retinopathy of prematurity, choroidal neovascularization, and corneal neovascularization. Neovascularization involves various cellular processes and signaling pathways and is regulated by angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Read More

Ophthalmologica 2020 Jul 3. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Purpose We hypothesised that cleaning the internal limiting membrane (ILM) with a flexible nitinol loop following diabetic vitrectomy without peeling may reduce the common occurrence of postoperative epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation. Methods Consecutive patients undergoing vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy by one surgeon from 2015-2019 were studied and divided into two cohorts: the control group underwent standard surgery; the ILM-Clean group underwent additional cleaning of the macular retina using a flexible nitinol loop post-vitrectomy. Masked comparison of ERM on optical coherence tomography was performed at 3 months and visual acuity (VA) was measured until 12 months postoperatively. Read More

J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2020 May 23;7(3):034501. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

University of Dayton, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dayton, Ohio, United States.

: Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness, affecting over 93 million people. An automated clinical retinal screening process would be highly beneficial and provide a valuable second opinion for doctors worldwide. A computer-aided system to detect and grade the retinal images would enhance the workflow of endocrinologists. Read More

Int J Retina Vitreous 2020 29;6:26. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, EPE-Hospital de Santa Maria, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness due to diabetic macular edema (DME) or complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging technique well established for DME but less used to assess neovascularization in PDR. Developments in OCT imaging and the introduction of OCT angiography (OCTA) have shown significant potential in PDR. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020 8;13:1911-1920. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.

Aim: To explore the association between the atherosclerosis and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 949 patients (700 males and 249 females) with T2DM. The atherosclerotic parameters were assessed using the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), ankle-brachial index (ABI), and carotid plaque. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2020 17;14:1629-1639. Epub 2020 Jun 17.

Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.

Purpose: To investigate the predictors of early diabetic retinopathy (DR) improvement in the RIDE/RISE (NCT00473382/NCT00473330) clinical trials.

Patients And Methods: In RIDE/RISE, adult patients with vision loss due to diabetic macular edema (DME) were randomized to monthly intravitreal ranibizumab 0.3 or 0. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2020 10;14:1559-1563. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

Objective: To report visual acuity in patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) reoperations for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Subjects: Diabetic patients undergoing reoperation with PPV between 2015 and 2018 at a university referral center. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2020 9;14:1547-1552. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in vitreous and serum samples, analyze the ratio, and compare among proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) subgroups.

Patients And Methods: This study included 17 eyes of patients with PDR, identified as the PDR group which was divided into three subgroups (vitreous hemorrhage [VH], VH with fibrotic tissues, and tractional retinal detachment), and five control eyes (nucleus and intraocular lens drop). Vitreous and serum samples were obtained on the same day. Read More

Mol Vis 2020 26;26:472-482. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of cytokines in the vitreous, and their correlation with the density of inflammatory cells in fibrovascular membranes (FVMs) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) to evaluate intraocular inflammatory conditions with regard to disease activity.

Methods: Thirty-three patients (33 eyes) with PDR requiring vitreoretinal surgery because of FVMs and tractional detachment were enrolled in the study, and compared with 20 patients (20 eyes) with macular hole (MH; control group). All patients underwent complete ophthalmological examinations before surgery. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 30. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK

Background/aims: Human grading of digital images from diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening programmes represents a significant challenge, due to the increasing prevalence of diabetes. We evaluate the performance of an automated artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to triage retinal images from the English Diabetic Eye Screening Programme (DESP) into test-positive/technical failure versus test-negative, using human grading following a standard national protocol as the reference standard.

Methods: Retinal images from 30 405 consecutive screening episodes from three English DESPs were manually graded following a standard national protocol and by an automated process with machine learning enabled software, EyeArt v2. Read More

J Diabetes Complications 2020 May 30:107641. Epub 2020 May 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China.

Aims: To determine the associations between the levels of certain cytokines in the aqueous humor and the severity of diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: A total of 103 patients (one eye per patient) who received intravitreal injection with ranibizumab for diabetic retinopathy were enrolled and divided into 3 groups: nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) with macular edema group (42 eyes), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group (40 eyes) and neovascular glaucoma due to PDR (NVG-PDR) group (21 eyes). The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in the aqueous humor were measured. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 30;20(1):260. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, China.

Background: Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a novel adipokine with potential roles in obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation. This study aims to assess the concentrations of LCN2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressed in the vitreous humors of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: The concentrations of LCN2 and VEGF were measured from the vitreous of 67 patients undergoing vitrectomy (20 controls and 47 PDR) via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Jun 29;10(1):10513. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, 18 College Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 006, India.

To provide the real-world outcomes of people with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in India and highlight opportunities for improvement of their disease status and to evaluate their visual acuity (VA) status. A multicenter retrospective study in which ten centers in India with established vitreoretinal services for over 10 years were invited to provide long-term data on PDR. This study population were of Indian nationality. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2020 11;11:873. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.

Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) is a pure hypoxia-driven angiogenesis model and the most widely used model for ischemic retinopathies, such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). OIR model has been used to test new potential anti-angiogenic factors for human diseases. We have recently performed the most comprehensive characterization of OIR by a relatively novel mass spectrometry (MS) technique, sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra (SWATH-MS) proteomics and used genetically modified mice strains to identify novel molecular drug targets in angiogenic retinal diseases. Read More

J Investig Med 2020 Jun 28. Epub 2020 Jun 28.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a non-invasive test for assessing arterial stiffness, and brachial-ankle PWV has been used as an index of peripheral arterial stiffness. This study aimed to investigate the association between the PWV value and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). 846 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) consecutively underwent brachial-ankle PWV, and the degree of PWV was defined by tertile. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Retina Service; Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Aims: To compare widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (WF SS-OCTA) with ultra-widefield colour fundus photography (UWF CFP) and fluorescein angiography (UWF FA) for detecting diabetic retinopathy (DR) lesions.

Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted at Massachusetts Eye and Ear from December 2018 to October 2019. Proliferative DR, non-proliferative DR and diabetic patients with no DR were included. Read More

Ophthalmol Retina 2020 Jun 22. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address:

Objective: Further insight into the flow characteristics of the vascular features associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) may improve assessment and treatment of disease progression. The variable interscan time analysis (VISTA) algorithm is an extension of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) that detects relative blood flow speeds which can then be depicted on a color-coded map. This study utilized VISTA to analyze relative blood flow speeds in the microvascular changes associated with DR. Read More

Vascul Pharmacol 2020 Jun 22:106761. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mercer University, Savannah, GA, USA. Electronic address:

Aims: Diabetes-induced retinal vascular cell death aggravates diabetic retinopathy (DR) to the proliferative stage and blindness. Pericytes play a crucial role in retinal capillaries survival, stability, and angiogenesis. Ephrin-B2 is a tyrosine kinase that regulates pericytes/endothelial cells communication during angiogenesis; yet, its role in DR is still unclear. Read More

JAMA Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 25. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Doheny Image Reading Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California.

Importance: Although previous studies have evaluated the association between anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy and macular vessel density, they were confounded by the presence of macular edema, which may be associated with artifacts and segmentation errors in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Objective: To evaluate the association of intravitreal aflibercept with changes in macular vascular density using OCTA in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy without diabetic macular edema.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial used data on 40 eyes of 40 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy without diabetic macular edema who were enrolled in the Intravitreal Aflibercept for Retinal Nonperfusion in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (RECOVERY) clinical trial from August 1, 2016, to June 31, 2017. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2020 5;11:849. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Aim: To compare anti-vascular growth factor (anti-VEGF) pharmacotherapy with pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Method: PubMed, Embase, Medline, the ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were reviewed systemically. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.

Objectives: To comprehensively assess diabetic retinopathy neurodegeneration (DRN) as quantified by retinal neuronal and axonal layers measured with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: Articles on the topic of examining macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (m-GCIPL), macular retinal nerve fibre layer (m-RNFL), macular ganglion cell complex (m-GCC), and peripapillary RNFL (p-RNFL) measured with SD-OCT in DM subjects without DR (NDR) or with non-proliferative DR (NPDR) were searched in PubMed and Embase up to November 31, 2019. Standardized mean difference (SMD) as effect size were pooled using random-effects model. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020 Jun;61(6):52

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Purpose: Acrolein, a highly reactive unsaturated aldehyde, is known to facilitate glial cell migration, one of the pathological hallmarks in diabetic retinopathy. However, cellular mechanisms of acrolein generation in retinal glial cells remains elusive. In the present study, we investigated the role and regulation of spermine oxidase (SMOX), one of the enzymes related to acrolein generation, in retinal glial cells under hypoxic condition. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020 Jun;24(11):5871-5877

Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Objective: The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential influence of MIR497HG on regulating proliferative capacity of human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs).

Materials And Methods: Relative expression levels of MIR497HG, microRNA-128-3p (miRNA-128-3p) and SIRT1 in HRECs treated with different doses of glucose and mannitol were detected by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to assess the interaction among MIR497HG, miRNA-128-3p, and SIRT1. Read More

PLoS One 2020 22;15(6):e0233514. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious retinal disease and is considered as a leading cause of blindness in the world. Ophthalmologists use optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus photography for the purpose of assessing the retinal thickness, and structure, in addition to detecting edema, hemorrhage, and scars. Deep learning models are mainly used to analyze OCT or fundus images, extract unique features for each stage of DR and therefore classify images and stage the disease. Read More

Retina 2020 Jun 18. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the feasibility of using vascular complexity features for objective differentiation of controls and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary, subspecialty, academic practice. The cohort included 20 control subjects, 60 NPDR patients, and 56 PDR patients. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 22. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Intelligent Diabetes, Metabolism and Exercise Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.

Purpose: To investigate the time-sequential correlations between progression/remission of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) or diabetic macular oedema (DME) in type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This was an 8-year prospective cohort study in which 576 patients with T2D and microalbuminuria from one medical centre in Taiwan were recruited. Progression of microalbuminuria was defined as shift of urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) into 300 mg/g or more; remission of microalbuminuria was defined as having a urinary ACR less than 30 mg/g in at least two of three tests over a period of 6 months. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 15. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003, China.

Purpose: Evidence has accumulated suggesting that various inflammatory cytokines are involved in the progress of diabetic retinopathy (DR), but there are few studies concerning the relationship between individual cytokines levels in the aqueous humor (AH) and the severity of DR. This study aimed to explore the differences of interleukin (IL)-23, IL-17, IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in AH form patients with different proliferative stages of DR.

Methods: From June 2016 to June 2019, patients for senile cataract surgery were enrolled with the informed consent. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020 22;13:1803-1812. Epub 2020 May 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China.

Background: To investigate the association between serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and the presence as well as severity of diabetes retinopathy (DR) in Chinese adult patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2012 to November 2018. DR was assessed using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study criteria. Read More

Ophthalmol Retina 2020 Jun 13. Epub 2020 Jun 13.

Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida. Electronic address:

Objective: The hallmark of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is retinal neovascularization (NV). Tortuous intraretinal vascular segments known as intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMAs) are a known risk factor for NV, but whether IRMA represents a biomarker or a vascular precursor lesion to NV has not been demonstrated. The purpose of this study was to document that IRMA may directly evolve into NV. Read More

PLoS One 2020 16;15(6):e0234664. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.

Purpose: To compare quantitative changes in macular parameters in diabetic patients detected by two optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) instruments.

Methods: 80 phakic eyes were classified as no diabetes, diabetes without diabetic retinopathy (DR), mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and severe NPDR or proliferative DR (PDR). OCTA was performed using devices from two manufacturers (Zeiss and Heidelberg). Read More

Retin Cases Brief Rep 2020 Jun 8. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Dept. of Retina and Vitreous, Narayana Nethralaya, #121/C, 1 R Block, Chord road, Rajaji Nagar, Bengaluru - 560010. Karnataka.

Purpose: To report two cases of secondary eccentric macular holes that developed following vitrectomy and present their outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective, observational case report CASE DESCRIPTION:: A 69-year-old female and a 57-year-old male developed secondary paracentral retinal hole following vitrectomy surgery for stage 4 macular hole and proliferative diabetic retinopathy respectively. In case 1, the hole was left untreated while in case 2, laser photocoagulation was done around the paracentral retinal hole. Read More

Med Image Anal 2020 May 30;64:101742. Epub 2020 May 30.

J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building JG56 P.O. Box 116131 Gainesville, FL 32611-6131, USA. Electronic address:

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) represents a highly-prevalent complication of diabetes in which individuals suffer from damage to the blood vessels in the retina. The disease manifests itself through lesion presence, starting with microaneurysms, at the nonproliferative stage before being characterized by neovascularization in the proliferative stage. Retinal specialists strive to detect DR early so that the disease can be treated before substantial, irreversible vision loss occurs. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 12:1120672120922444. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Vitreo-Retinal Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Purpose: We aimed to perform a systematic literature search on the latest evidence of the role of statin in reducing diabetic retinopathy and its need for intervention.

Methods: A comprehensive search on cohort studies/clinical trials that assess statins and diabetic retinopathy up until August 2019 was performed. The outcome measured was the incidence of diabetic retinopathy and its need for intervention. Read More

Biomarkers 2020 Jul 12;25(5):397-401. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Neovascularization in the retina and hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress are implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). In this study, we hypothesized that the plasma angiogenic and oxidative stress markers associated with these derangements could aid in the screening of diabetic patients who are at an increased risk of developing retinopathy. This study included normal ( = 148), type2 diabetes without retinopathy (DNR;  = 148), proliferative DR (PDR;  = 74) and non-PDR (NPDR;  = 148) subjects. Read More

J Biophotonics 2020 Jun 11:e202000152. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy.

We applied three-dimensional (3D) analysis to optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to measure macular ischemia in eyes affected by non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR). A previously validated algorithm was applied to OCTA data in order to obtain 3D visualization of the retinal vasculature. Successively, a global thresholding algorithm was applied and two novel quantitative metrics were introduced: 3D vascular volume and 3D perfusion density. Read More

Int J Retina Vitreous 2020 8;6:24. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562 Japan.

Purpose: Intravitreal cytokine levels and differences in the severity of postoperative inflammation in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) were compared between subjects treated with pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) prior to undergoing vitreous surgery and those treated similarly during the surgery.

Subjects And Methods: We examined 130 eyes of PDR patients who underwent an initial surgical procedure at Hirosaki University Hospital. A total of 67 out of the 130 eyes were treated with PRP prior to surgery (preoperative group), while 63 underwent similar treatment during surgery (intraoperative group). Read More

Exp Eye Res 2020 Jun 6;197:108104. Epub 2020 Jun 6.

School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Vision and Eye Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK. Electronic address:

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) are two of the most common and severe causes of vision loss in the population. Both conditions are associated with excessive levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the eye which results in an increase in the formation of new blood vessels through a process called neovascularisation. As such, anti-VEGF therapies are currently utilised as a treatment for patients with AMD however they are associated with painful administration of injections and potential degeneration of healthy endothelium. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Jun 9;10(1):9299. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.

Ischemic proliferative retinopathy (IPR), such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), retinal vein occlusion and retinopathy of prematurity is a major cause of vision loss. Our previous studies demonstrated that periostin (PN) and tenascin-C (TNC) are involved in the pathogenesis of IPR. However, the interactive role of PN and TNC in angiogenesis associated with IPR remain unknown. Read More

Eye Vis (Lond) 2020 1;7:29. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Box 450, Boston, MA 02111 USA.

Background: To examine the baseline morphological characteristics and alterations in intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMAs) in response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment, documented by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in diabetic eyes.

Methods: In this retrospective study, IRMAs were evaluated with multimodal imaging (fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, OCTA) in treatment-naïve diabetic eyes before and after anti-VEGF treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) and/or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and compared to diabetic control eyes with similar diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity that did not receive anti-VEGF therapy. The morphological characteristics of IRMAs on enface OCTA imaging were graded by masked readers at baseline, then after anti-VEGF therapy in treated eyes or after observation in control eyes. Read More

Caspian J Intern Med 2020 ;11(2):177-182

Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia.

Background: Chronic microvascular complications consist of diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is assessed through albuminuria, and diabetic retinopathy is assessed through fundoscopy. Several studies have assessed the albuminuria in diabetic retinopathy but have found inconclusive results. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 6. Epub 2020 Jun 6.

Department of Ophthalmology (Guinness Eye Centre), Lagos University Teaching Hospital/College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between corneal sensitivity and diabetic retinopathy among diabetics attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, compared to their age-sex-matched non-diabetics, with a view to proposing its use as a screening tool for diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: The study was a hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study among diabetics aged 25-65 years and their age-sex-matched non-diabetics at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Interviewer-based questionnaire was administered. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020 Jun 2;165:108240. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Department of Metabolism and Diabetes, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. Electronic address:

Aims: Evaluation of the retinal microcirculation is key to understanding retinal vasculopathies, such as diabetic retinopathy. Laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) has recently enabled us to directly evaluate the vascular resistance in both retinal vessels and capillaries, non-invasively. We therefore assessed whether retinal vessel blood flow and/or the capillary microcirculation are associated with blood flow in the cervical arteries in diabetic patients without severe retinopathy. Read More

Eur J Med Res 2020 May 29;25(1):20. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital, No. 600, Changcheng Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical significance of miR-210 in DR patients and explore the regulatory effect of miR-210 on vascular endothelial cell function under high-glucose condition.

Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was used to estimate miR-210 expression. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Jun 2;9(6). Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Ophthalmology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and of the Critical Area, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has recently been introduced in the operating theatre. The aim of this review is to present the actual role of microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography (MI-OCT) in ophthalmology.

Method: A total of 314 studies were identified, following a literature search adhering to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Read More

Endocrine 2020 Jun 3. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: Regarding the role of inflammation in progression of diabetes this study was conducted to investigate the association between inflammatory biomarkers such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with the chance of existence of diabetic retinopathy and its progression in patients with diabetes.

Methods: A total of 83 patients with T2DM (Type 2 diabetes mellitus) were divided into three groups of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and patients without diabetic retinopathy (NDR) based on ophthalmologic funduscopic examination. Twenty six healthy controls were also enrolled. Read More