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Am J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences.

Purpose: To illustrate that patients with diabetic retinopathy who are treated exclusively with anti-VEGF therapy and have an interruption in treatment may experience marked progression of disease with potentially devastating visual consequences.

Design: Retrospective, multicenter, case series METHODS: Retrospective review of patients treated exclusively with anti-VEGF therapy for proliferative (PDR) or non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), with or without diabetic macular edema (DME), and temporarily lost to follow-up. Baseline disease characteristics, cause and duration of the treatment interruption, and resulting disease progression, complications, and outcomes were assessed. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital & Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, Tianjin, China.

Background/objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal conbercept (a recombinant fusion protein that primarily targets vascular endothelial growth factors) after vitrectomy for the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy without tractional retinal detachment (TRD).

Subjects/methods: Fifty patients with non-clearing vitreous haemorrhage (VH) due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy without TRD were enroled. They were randomly divided into control and treatment groups (25 eyes to each group) after they provided informed consent. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Background/aim: To analyse ultrawide-field fluorescein angiography (UWF-FA) images of diabetic retinopathy using a novel software that automatically calculates microaneurysm (MA) and non-perfusion area.

Methods: Two hundred UWF-FA images of treatment-naïve diabetic retinopathy (38 proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 162 non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy) from 120 patients (mean age 54.22; 80 male) were analysed using novel software to determine the number of MAs, area of capillary non-perfusion (ischaemic index) and number of neovascularisations. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2019 Mar 8. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Département d'ophtalmologie, faculté de médecine, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Liban.

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Non-mydriatic fundus photography (NMFP) has been adopted as a screening tool for this disease. We aim to determine the prevalence of DR through this method in Lebanese diabetic patients and to evaluate the impact of such screening in this population. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 11:1120672119830578. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

15 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Firenze, Florence, Italy.

Background:: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes and diabetic macular edema in patients undergoing senile cataract surgery in Italy.

Methods:: It is a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study. Thirteen ophthalmic units equally distributed across the Italian territory have been involved in the study. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Mar 15;111:1315-1325. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road, Kunming Yunnan, China. Electronic address:

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) seriously endangers human beings' health, uncovering the underlying mechanism might help to cure DR. In this study, we found that the effects of glucose on retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) varies in a dose dependent manner, high-glucose (50mM) promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell apoptosis, inhibits cell mitophagy as well as proliferative abilities, while low-glucose (15mM) induces ROS production and cell mitophagy, but has little impacts on cell apoptosis and proliferation. Of note, the toxic effects of high-glucose (50mM) on RPE are alleviated by ROS scavengers and aggravated by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or mitophagy inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA). Read More

Diabetes Care 2019 Mar 4. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC

Objective: The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) demonstrated that intensive therapy reduced the development and progression of retinopathy in type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared with conventional therapy. The Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study observational follow-up showed persistent benefits. In addition to glycemia, we now examine other potential retinopathy risk factors (modifiable and nonmodifiable) over more than 30 years of follow-up in DCCT/EDIC. Read More

Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019 Feb 23. Epub 2019 Feb 23.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Purpose: To explore the normal morphological features of the retinal periarteral capillary free zone (paCFZ) and the changes associated with severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: A total of 148 normal subjects and 115 patients with severe NPDR were enrolled. Spectral-domain OCTA was used to acquire the image with a Cirrus prototype. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Background/aim: To validate a previously developed model for prediction of diabetic retinopathy (DR) for personalised retinopathy screening in persons with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Retrospective medical data of persons with type 1 diabetes treated in an academic hospital setting were used for analysis. Sight-threatening retinopathy (STR) was defined as the presence of severe non-proliferative DR, proliferative DR or macular oedema. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Feb 27;11(3). Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.

It has rarely been studied whether the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) could influence the renal disease progression among all chronic kidney disease (CKD) diabetic patients. This study investigates the characteristics of diabetic patients, with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), according to the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy and determines the influence of retinopathy in the deterioration of renal function. We conduct a multicenter, longitudinal cohort study based on the Epidemiology and Risk Factors Surveillance of the CKD project (2008⁻2013) and the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) (2001⁻2013). Read More

Medwave 2019 Jan 25;19(1):e7512. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Proyecto Epistemonikos, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Email: Address: Centro Evidencia UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 476, Santiago, Chile.

Update: This Living FRISBEE (Living FRIendly Summary of the Body of Evidence using Epistemonikos) is an update of the summary published in December 2014.

Introduction: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy can cause severe vision loss and even blindness if left untreated. Vitrectomy is often required in the treatment of more severe cases. Read More

World J Nephrol 2019 Feb;8(2):33-43

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) separately has been noted as a major public health problem worldwide as well. Currently, many studies have demonstrated an association between diabetic nephropathy and DR in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients, but this association is less strong in T2DM. The evidence for an association between renal function and DR and visual impairment among T2DM patients is limited, particularly in the Asian population. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(8):e14603

Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

This retrospective study investigated the risk factors of exudative retinal detachment (ERD) occurring after vitrectomy performed to treat proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).All patients were treated with vitrectomy for PDR. Patients with history(s) of the following were excluded: ocular surgery (except phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation or retinal laser photocoagulation); ocular trauma; systemic diseases; ocular diseases; uveitis; scleritis; tumor; congenital ocular disorders; or others. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 27. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Purpose: To perform a quantitative analysis of retinal and choroid capillary ischaemia in diabetic patients by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: A total of 97 type 2 diabetic patients and 48 controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) were categorized as no DR (NDR) group; DR was classified into mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2019 18;12(2):302-311. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute & Tianjin Medical University School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin 300384, China.

Aim: To investigate the pooled prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), proliferative DR (PDR) and nonproliferative DR (NPDR) in Asian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods: We performed a systematic search online search using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and China WeiPu Library to identify eligible studies that reported the prevalence of DR, PDR and NPDR in Asian T2DM patients. Effect size (ES) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the prevalence of DR, PDR and NPDR in Asian T2DM patients, respectively. Read More

Retina 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

Purpose: Among eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, identify whether baseline characteristics impact the benefit of ranibizumab over panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in DRCR.net Protocol S.

Methods: Participants had proliferative diabetic retinopathy, visual acuity of 20/320 or better, and no previous PRP. Read More

Diabetol Int 2019 Jan 26;10(1):3-11. Epub 2018 Apr 26.

6Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Aims: This study aims to identify associations of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) in the Japan Diabetes Complication and its Prevention prospective (JDCP) study, a nation-wide study capturing real-world practice for diabetes in Japan.

Methods: We recruited patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus aged between 40 and 75 years from 464 hospitals and clinics. Seven thousand and seven hundred patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and 5852 patients were included for this specific analysis. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 23. Epub 2019 Feb 23.

Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.

Purpose: We investigated using ultrawide-field fundus images with a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN), which is a machine learning technology, to detect treatment-naïve proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: We conducted training with the DCNN using 378 photographic images (132 PDR and 246 non-PDR) and constructed a deep learning model. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were examined. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0211438. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Osaka, Japan.

We previously reported on the elevated intravitreal activities of tryptase and chymase in association with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) and idiopathic macular hole (MH). In this present study, we investigated the potential intraocular production of these serine proteases, and measured and compared tryptase and chymase activities in the vitreous body and serum in ERM, MH, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) patients. In addition, nuclear staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and mast-cell staining with toluidine blue were performed on samples of the vitreous core and bursa premacularis (BPM) of MH. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2019 7;10:95. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.

Ocular diseases cause visual impairment and blindness, imposing a devastating impact on quality of life and a substantial societal economic burden. Many such diseases lack universally effective pharmacotherapies. Therefore, understanding the mediators involved in their pathophysiology is necessary for the development of therapeutic strategies. Read More

Biol Trace Elem Res 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular disorder which occurs in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients due to chronic hyperglycemia. Previous studies reported that serum zinc (Zn) and vitamin A levels were associated with certain diabetic microvascular complications. However, the relationship between Zn and vitamin A levels with the severity of DR in type 2 diabetic patients is not clear. Read More

PLoS One 2019 21;14(2):e0212660. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Ophthalmology Service, Surgery Department, México Hospital, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, Uruca, San José, Costa Rica.

In the present study, we examined the causes and the prevalence of avoidable blindness and visual impairment, as well as the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in individuals aged ≥50 years in Costa Rica, in order to provide baseline data for the initial planning and monitoring of ongoing blindness intervention programs. The assessment was based on the standardized methodology of the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness and Diabetic Retinopathy, a population-based survey for blindness and visual impairment. From 3,255 eligible subjects, 76. Read More

Tohoku J Exp Med 2019 02;247(2):87-98

Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University.

Ocular neovascular diseases are featured by abnormal angiogenesis in the eye, and they seriously threaten the human visual health. These diseases include proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). In fact, ocular neovascular diseases represent the leading causes of vision impairment and blindness worldwide. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019 02;50(2):99-105

Background And Objectives: Close follow-up of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been linked to improved visual outcomes. This study elucidates patient-identified barriers to DR follow-up in a diverse urban clinic population.

Patients And Methods: Patients 18 years of age or older with DR or macular edema were interviewed using a 21-question survey on attitudes and barriers toward care. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019 02;50(2):86-92

Background And Objective: To quantify the size and location of nonperfusion associated with posterior segment neovascularization (NV) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) using ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography.

Patients And Methods: Cross-sectional study of 18 eyes with PDR. The total image area, areas of nonperfusion, buds of posterior segment neovascularization (either neovascularization of the disc or elsewhere), and the distances from each bud to the nearest area of nonperfusion and to the disc were measured. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019 02;50(2):69-75

Background And Objectives: Patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) have variable anatomic and visual responses to anti-vascular endothelial growth (VEGF) treatments based on their presenting visual acuity (VA). The aim of study is to report the baseline ocular and imaging characteristics of patients presenting with DME who were treatment-naïve and who initiated anti-VEGF in routine clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: Single-center, cross-sectional study of 638 patients. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 14:1120672119827856. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

1 Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Purpose:: To determine whether anemia and other demographic or laboratory "risk factors" impact anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment in diabetic macular edema patients.

Methods:: This is a retrospective, time-varying cohort study using a medical claims database to identify new diabetic macular edema patients who had received at least one intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor. Exclusion occurred for having <2 years in the plan prior to diabetic macular edema diagnosis, any history of proliferative retinopathy or any treatment that is used for diabetic macular edema. Read More

Korean J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb;33(1):46-53

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: To investigate the risk factors of diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetic retinopathy requiring panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) and the visual prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective review of electronic medical records was conducted at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, comprising 103 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy who underwent PRP from 1996 to 2005. Read More

J Vis Exp 2019 Jan 25(143). Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Research Programs Unit, Genome-Scale Biology, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki; Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet;

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and one of the leading causes of blindness in working-age adults. No current animal models of diabetes and oxygen-induced retinopathy develop the full-range progressive changes manifested in human proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Therefore, understanding of the disease pathogenesis and pathophysiology has relied largely on the use of histological sections and vitreous samples in approaches that only provide steady-state information on the involved pathogenic factors. Read More

J Diabetes Complications 2019 Apr 4;33(4):323-328. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 11, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark; Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

Aims: Emerging evidence shows, that distal symmetric peripheral neuropathy (DSPN) also involves alterations in the central nervous system. Hence, the aims were to investigate brain metabolites in white matter of adults with diabetes and DSPN, and to compare any cerebral disparities with peripheral nerve characteristics.

Methods: In type 1 diabetes, brain metabolites of 47 adults with confirmed DSPN were compared with 28 matched healthy controls using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) in the parietal region including the sensorimotor fiber tracts. Read More

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2019 Mar-Apr;82(2):136-140. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the aqueous humor total oxidant status, total antioxidant capacity, and levels of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor between patients with diabetic retinopathy and controls and to correlate these levels with the DR status.

Methods: Patients who underwent cataract surgery were enrolled. The first group (control group) comprised patients without diabetes; the second group comprised diabetic patients without retinopathy; the third group comprised patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; and the fourth group comprised patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Feb 4;9(1):1401. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

This study was conducted to assess whether systemic arterial stiffness, indicated by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), is related to changes in the microvasculature of the retina and choroid in diabetes mellitus (DM). This study included 113 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of type-2 DM. Among them, 18 patients did not have diabetic retinopathy (DR), 71 had non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and 24 had proliferative DR (PDR). Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 2. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore

Aims: Diabetes is a major public health problem in migrants and ethnic minorities worldwide. We determined the incidence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in migrant Indians living in Singapore.

Methods: We included data from 759 Indian adults with diabetes, who participated in the baseline (aged 40-80 years, 2007-2009) and 6-year follow-up 2012-2015 of the Singapore Indian Eye Study. Read More

Curr Pharm Des 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL. United States.

Background: Currently, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of permanent visual loss in working-age adults in industrialized nations. The chronic microangiopathic changes associated with diabetic retinopathy lead to the most common causes of severe permanent visual loss: diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Multiple studies have evaluated different pharmacotherapies for different levels of retinopathy. Read More

Diabetes Care 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Departments of Endocrinology and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Östergötland, Sweden

Objective: To evaluate sex, age at diabetes onset, puberty, and HbA, with subjects followed from diabetes diagnosis and during different time periods, as risk factors for developing diabetic simplex and proliferative retinopathy.

Research Design And Methods: In a population-based observational study, HbA for 451 patients diagnosed with diabetes before 35 years of age during 1983-1987 in southeast Sweden was followed for up to 18-24 years from diagnosis. Long-term mean weighted HbA (wHbA) was calculated. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Instituto de la Visión-Hospital La Carlota, Montemorelos, Nuevo León, México

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of intravitreal ziv-aflibercept (IVZ) to intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) administered preoperatively to patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for severe manifestations of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Design: Randomised clinical trial (RCT).

Methods: Two hundred and six patients with PDR-related complications requiring PPV were randomised into one of two treatment groups: Group A received IVZ (1. Read More

Surv Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-gutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors or 'statins' are a class of lipid lowering drugs with anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and vascular effects. Statins are increasingly being used in the treatment of a variety of medical conditions. We examine the actions of statins on the eye and its associated ophthalmic disorders. Read More

Ophthalmologica 2019 Jan 30:1-10. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

EENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai,

Purpose: This study evaluates the efficacy and patient satisfaction of intravitreal conbercept (IVC) as adjunctive treatment before panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) for Chinese proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with or without clinically significant macular edema.

Methods: We enrolled 94 patients and categorized them into 2 groups: eyes that received PRP with single-dose IVC (0.5 mg/0. Read More

Med Hypotheses 2019 Feb 7;123:9-12. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

R.S. Mehta Jain Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, KBIRVO, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India. Electronic address:

Fibrosis in ocular tissues causes severe visual deterioration and blindness in patients with glaucoma, cataract, age related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Currently available anti-fibrotic agents exhibit undesirous cytotoxic effects and thus prove ineffective to treat post-surgical fibrosis. Accordingly, there is a need to develop efficient and novel anti-fibrotic agents. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Purpose: To compare perfused capillary density (PCD) in diabetic patients and healthy controls using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Forty controls, 36 diabetics without clinical retinopathy (NoDR), 38 with nonproliferative retinopathy (NPDR), and 38 with proliferative retinopathy (PDR) were imaged using SD-OCT. A 3x3 mm full-thickness parafoveal OCTA scan was obtained from each participant. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2018 27;2018:7096326. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Center for Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, N-0407 Oslo, Norway.

Purpose: To investigate the expression of progenitor cell markers (Sox2, Nestin, and Pax2) in idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs) and nonidiopathic epiretinal membranes (niERMs) in relation to glial cell marker expression.

Methods: ERMs were obtained from patients with iERMs and niERMs of different origins: proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and uveitis. The membranes were studied by flat-mount or sectional immunohistochemistry for expression of progenitor cell markers as well as glial (GFAP) and proliferation (Ki-67) markers. Read More

Curr Res Transl Med 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, H1T1C8, Quebec, Canada.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) present two examples of proliferative retinopathy, characterized by the same stages of progression; ischemia of the retinal vessels, leads to hypoxia and to correct the problem there is the setting up of uncontrolled angiogenesis, which subsequently causes blindness or even detachment of the retina. The difference is the following; that DR initiated by the metabolic complications that are due to hyperglycemia, and ROP is induced by overexposure of the neonatal retina to oxygen. In this review, we will demonstrate the physiopathological mechanism of the two forms of proliferative retinopathy DR and ROP, in particular the role of the CD40/CD40L axis and IL-1 on vascular complications and onset of inflammation of the retina, the implications of their effects on the onset of pathogenic angiogenesis, thus understanding the link between platelets and retinal ischemia. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 Feb 23;148:234-239. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Stadtspital Triemli, Zürich, Switzerland; Department Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Aim: Prevalence of retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 1 diabetes treated with education-based intensified insulin therapy (EBIIT) and its association with parameters of glucose control.

Methods: 151 patients with mean diabetes duration of 14.3 years [SD ± 5. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Jan 24;9(1):612. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Mitochondrial haplogroups H1, H2 and UK have previously been reported to be associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in Caucasian patients with diabetes. We aimed to replicate this finding with a larger sample and expand the analysis to include different severities of DR, and diabetic macular edema (DME). Caucasian participants (n = 2935) with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes from the Australian Registry of Advanced Diabetic Retinopathy were enrolled in this study. Read More

Diabet Med 2019 Jan 24. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Universitair Medische Centra Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Aim: To investigate the incidence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: In most countries, yearly or biennial screening intervals for diabetic retinopathy in people with Type 2 diabetes are recommended. Fewer screening sessions reduce the effort required of people with Type 2 diabetes and reduce healthcare costs. Read More

Clin Exp Med 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Medicine, Baruch Padeh Medical Center, and Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, 15208, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Diabetic retinopathy is the most severe ocular complication of diabetes and may lead to visual disability and blindness. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is characterized by ischemia-induced neovascularization with associated complications. An association was established between the presence of PDR, cardiovascular disease, and mortality among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus in epidemiological studies. Read More

Semin Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 23:1-7. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

a Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine , Toho University , Tokyo , Japan.

Purpose: To evaluate whether the features of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) are stronger independent factors for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) compared to the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the number of its individual components.

Methods: We studied a cross-sectional total of 132 patients with type 2 diabetes. Thirty-nine patients had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 93 patients had PDR. Read More

J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Purpose: We compared the efficacies of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) and intravitreal conbercept (IVC) as the adjuvant pretreatments for vitrectomy with silicone oil infusion for tractional retinal detachment (TRD) secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: This retrospective study comprised 74 patients (79 eyes) who underwent vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade for diabetic TRD. They received IVC (37 eyes) or IVR (42 eyes) at standard doses 3-5 days preoperatively and were followed up for ∼6 months. Read More

Ghana Med J 2018 Jun;52(2):84-87

Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Eye Clinic. Kumasi, Ghana.

Background: To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy maculopathy and cataract amongst diabetics and the prevalence of visual impairment amongst diabetics attending the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital eye unit. There are no current data in the study area on the prevalence of visual impairment and blindness amongst diabetics. This data is required in planning for screening and prevention of blindness due to diabetics. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 Jan 18. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Medical University of Gdansk, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Gdansk, Poland.

Context: The review summarizes key studies assessing epidemiology, mechanisms, and consequences of cognitive dysfunction (CD) in type 1 diabetes (DM1).

Evidence Synthesis: In a number of studies, the severity of CD in DM1 was affected by the age of onset and diabetes duration, the presence of proliferative retinopathy and autonomic neuropathy. Diabetes-related CD has been observed not only in adults but also in children and adolescents. Read More