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Clin Exp Optom 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Ophthalmology Department, Institut de la Màcula, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Drusen are seen in the early and intermediate stages of age-related macular degeneration. A retrospective, two-year observational study at a tertiary centre was designed to assess outer nuclear layer thickness in different types of drusen.

Methods: Patients over 50 years of age with predominant soft drusen or reticular pseudodrusen were included in the study. Read More

Br J Pharmacol 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

Background And Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy, a secondary complication of diabetes mellitus, can lead to irreversible vision loss. Currently, no treatment is approved for early phases of diabetic retinopathy. Modifications of the expression pattern of miRNAs could be involved in the early retinal damage of diabetic subjects. Read More

J Alzheimers Dis 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.

Background: The aging eye offers unique opportunities to study and understand the aging brain, in particular related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. However, little is known about relationships between eye diseases and dementia-related neurodegeneration.

Objective: To determine the potential association between three age-related eye diseases and AD and dementia-related neuropathology. Read More

Diabetes Metab J 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.

Background: To investigate the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i) as add-on medications to metformin on progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, compared with sulfonylurea (SU) or thiazolidinedione (TZD).

Methods: We identified 4,447 patients with DPP4i, 6,136 with SU, and 617 with TZD in addition to metformin therapy from the database of Korean National Health Insurance Service between January 2013 and December 2015. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for DR progression. Read More

N C Med J 2019 Mar-Apr;80(2):76-82

social research specialist, Department of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina.

There is limited information available in North Carolina on the current burden of, and racial disparities in, diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major complication associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aims to describe the overall trend of, and racial/ethnic disparities in, DR among adults with DM in North Carolina. Data were from 13 waves (2000, 2002-2010, 2012, 2013, and 2015) of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital & Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, Tianjin, China.

Background/objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal conbercept (a recombinant fusion protein that primarily targets vascular endothelial growth factors) after vitrectomy for the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy without tractional retinal detachment (TRD).

Subjects/methods: Fifty patients with non-clearing vitreous haemorrhage (VH) due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy without TRD were enroled. They were randomly divided into control and treatment groups (25 eyes to each group) after they provided informed consent. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Background/aim: To analyse ultrawide-field fluorescein angiography (UWF-FA) images of diabetic retinopathy using a novel software that automatically calculates microaneurysm (MA) and non-perfusion area.

Methods: Two hundred UWF-FA images of treatment-naïve diabetic retinopathy (38 proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 162 non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy) from 120 patients (mean age 54.22; 80 male) were analysed using novel software to determine the number of MAs, area of capillary non-perfusion (ischaemic index) and number of neovascularisations. Read More

Int J Clin Pharm 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Division of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.

Background Diabetes is a major cause of microvascular complications. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone blockers have been known to have the benefits of delaying onset and progression of diabetic complications including nephropathy. Objective To evaluate the effect of sarpogrelate, an antiplatelet agent, on the new onset diabetic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Read More

Biomolecules 2019 Mar 11;9(3). Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.

Taurine has an active role in providing glucose homeostasis and diabetes causes a decline in taurine levels. This paper investigates the relationship between taurine and diabetic complications, patients' demographic features, and biochemical parameters. Fifty-nine patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 28 healthy control subjects between the ages of 32 and 82 were included in the study. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 11:1120672119830578. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

15 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Firenze, Florence, Italy.

Background:: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes and diabetic macular edema in patients undergoing senile cataract surgery in Italy.

Methods:: It is a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study. Thirteen ophthalmic units equally distributed across the Italian territory have been involved in the study. Read More

J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2018 Oct-Dec;30(Suppl 1)(4):S652-S658

Sanofi-Aventis Pakistan limited, Karachi, Pakistan.

Background: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of micro- and macrovascular complications in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Pakistan.

Methods: In this multicentre, observational, cross-sectional disease registry, patients (aged ≥18 years) who were diagnosed at enrolment with T2DM, defined by fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥126 mg/dL and/or glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5%, were enrolled. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Background/aim: To validate a previously developed model for prediction of diabetic retinopathy (DR) for personalised retinopathy screening in persons with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Retrospective medical data of persons with type 1 diabetes treated in an academic hospital setting were used for analysis. Sight-threatening retinopathy (STR) was defined as the presence of severe non-proliferative DR, proliferative DR or macular oedema. Read More

Int J Prev Med 2019 12;10:20. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, Isfahan Eye Research Center, Isfahan, Iran.

Background: Hemodialysis (HD)-associated ocular abnormalities are one of the causes of morbidity among people undergoing HD. This study evaluates the frequency of ocular abnormalities in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing HD and their potential link to HD and demographic parameters.

Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 242 eyes of 121 patients with ESRD undergoing regular HD after excluding the ineligible subjects. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 28;19(1):63. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

First Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.

Background: Little is known about choroidal involvement in anterior uveitis. The aim of our study was to evaluate changes in choroidal thickness and volume in eyes with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) using enhanced depth imaging-optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) at baseline and after treatment, which were compared with healthy fellow eyes.

Methods: For the study, 35 individuals with unilateral acute AAU at the first onset were enrolled. Read More

World J Nephrol 2019 Feb;8(2):33-43

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) separately has been noted as a major public health problem worldwide as well. Currently, many studies have demonstrated an association between diabetic nephropathy and DR in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients, but this association is less strong in T2DM. The evidence for an association between renal function and DR and visual impairment among T2DM patients is limited, particularly in the Asian population. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

Background/aims: To evaluate the associations of dietary consumption with the 10-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) progression in working-aged Australians with diabetes.

Methods: We obtained longitudinal data of all diabetic subjects aged 45-65 years from the baseline of the 45 and Up Study and linked this data with Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) and Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme claims until 2016. Retinal photocoagulation (RPC), as determined based on the MBS data, was used as a proxy measure of DR progression. Read More

Saudi J Med Med Sci 2019 Jan-Apr;7(1):22-27. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Nephrology-Dialysis, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.

Background: The diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy is based on the course of clinical manifestations and renal biopsy. Renal biopsy is usually performed in patients with atypical presentations.

Objectives: This study was performed to analyze various renal histopathological lesions in diabetic patients and to establish a clinicopathological correlation. Read More

Oman J Ophthalmol 2019 Jan-Apr;12(1):31-36

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.

Background: To analyze changes over a 3-year period in ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA).

Methods: Thirty-seven individuals from "Friends for Life Conference" with T1DM and a 3-year history of GCC thickness measurements were included in the study. Data analysis using SPSS 22 and Excel StatPlus was completed to note the subgroups that had a significant change. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019 02;50(2):99-105

Background And Objectives: Close follow-up of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been linked to improved visual outcomes. This study elucidates patient-identified barriers to DR follow-up in a diverse urban clinic population.

Patients And Methods: Patients 18 years of age or older with DR or macular edema were interviewed using a 21-question survey on attitudes and barriers toward care. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019 02;50(2):86-92

Background And Objective: To quantify the size and location of nonperfusion associated with posterior segment neovascularization (NV) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) using ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography.

Patients And Methods: Cross-sectional study of 18 eyes with PDR. The total image area, areas of nonperfusion, buds of posterior segment neovascularization (either neovascularization of the disc or elsewhere), and the distances from each bud to the nearest area of nonperfusion and to the disc were measured. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019 02;50(2):69-75

Background And Objectives: Patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) have variable anatomic and visual responses to anti-vascular endothelial growth (VEGF) treatments based on their presenting visual acuity (VA). The aim of study is to report the baseline ocular and imaging characteristics of patients presenting with DME who were treatment-naïve and who initiated anti-VEGF in routine clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: Single-center, cross-sectional study of 638 patients. Read More

Afr Health Sci 2018 Dec;18(4):891-899

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 110001 Shenyang, China.

Background: To assess synthetically the association between polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene (FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI) and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Pubmed, Embase, ISI Web of Science, Google-scholar and CBMDisc, CNKI and Chongqing VIP databases were searched. A meta-analysis was performed. Read More

Trials 2019 Feb 12;20(1):122. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

The Northern Ireland Clinical Trials Unit (NICTU), Belfast, UK.

Background: In the UK, macular laser is the treatment of choice for people with diabetic macular oedema with central retinal subfield thickness (CST) < 400 μm, as per National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines. It remains unclear whether subthreshold micropulse laser is superior and should replace standard threshold laser for the treatment of eligible patients.

Methods: DIAMONDS is a pragmatic, multicentre, allocation-concealed, randomised, equivalence, double-masked clinical trial that aims to determine the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of subthreshold micropulse laser compared with standard threshold laser, for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema with CST < 400 μm. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2019 Feb 11;25:1113-1121. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a macrovascular complication that occurs in diabetic patients. Conventional treatments for the management of DR have many limitations. Thus, the present investigation evaluated the protective effect of fangchinoline against diabetic retinopathy (DR). Read More

JMIR Res Protoc 2019 Feb 1;8(2):e12539. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

eHealth Directorate, Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most important causes of blindness worldwide, especially in developed countries. In diabetic patients, periodic examination of the back of the eye using a nonmydriatic camera has been widely demonstrated to be an effective system to control and prevent the onset of DR. Convolutional neural networks have been used to detect DR, achieving very high sensitivities and specificities. Read More

Curr Pharm Des 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL. United States.

Background: Currently, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of permanent visual loss in working-age adults in industrialized nations. The chronic microangiopathic changes associated with diabetic retinopathy lead to the most common causes of severe permanent visual loss: diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Multiple studies have evaluated different pharmacotherapies for different levels of retinopathy. Read More

J Clin Nurs 2019 Jan 29. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

School of Nursing, Nantong University, Nantong, China.

Aims And Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of a 12-week educational intervention on foot self-care behavior among diabetic retinopathy patients with visual disability and their primary caregivers in China.

Background: Diabetes with the coexistence of diabetic retinopathy and foot problems complicating diabetes not only represents a personal disaster, but also becomes a serious burden to public health in China. A foot self-care educational intervention is both cost-effective and feasible even in a health resource-limited setting, which should be developed and evaluated. Read More

Oxf Med Case Reports 2019 Jan 24;2019(1):omy113. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Ophthalmology Department, Great Western Hospital, Swindon, UK.

A 43-year-old lady presented with painful, loss of vision in the right eye 2 weeks after cataract surgery. This is on a background of previous central retinal vein occlusion in the right eye and bilateral diabetic retinopathy. Her past medical history included mixed connective tissue disease for which she is on systemic immunosuppressants. Read More

Clin Exp Optom 2019 Jan 29. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Optometry and Vision Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Background: Although being the second most common sight-threatening retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy, the patient-centred impact of retinal vein occlusion has not been well studied. This study aims to understand the quality of life issues in people with retinal vein occlusion using a qualitative methodology.

Methods: In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 patients with retinal vein occlusion. Read More

J Med Syst 2019 Jan 28;43(3):53. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Computer Science and Engineering, Nandha College of Technology, Erode, India.

The eye disease is prominent in many nations including India and is said to affect up to 80% patients having diabetes. Diabetic Retinopathy is the medical term for denoting the damages to retina caused due to diabetes mellitus. Implying K means Clustering algorithm for coarse segmentation, hard distils are identified with better accuracy than the classical approaches. Read More

Exp Gerontol 2019 May 22;119:14-24. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Old Stone Building, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, James's Street, Dublin 8, Ireland; The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA), Lincoln Gate, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland. Electronic address:

Background: Hypertension is established to cause vascular end-organ damage. Other forms of dysregulated blood pressure (BP) behaviour, such as orthostatic hypotension have also been associated with cardiovascular (CV) events. The eye is potentially vulnerable to dysregulated systemic BP if ocular circulation autoregulation is impaired. Read More

Diabet Med 2019 Jan 24. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Universitair Medische Centra Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Aim: To investigate the incidence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: In most countries, yearly or biennial screening intervals for diabetic retinopathy in people with Type 2 diabetes are recommended. Fewer screening sessions reduce the effort required of people with Type 2 diabetes and reduce healthcare costs. Read More

Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019 15;11. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

11Department of Molecular Biology and Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition Science, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB CEP 58051-900 Brazil.

Background: Polymorphisms in the gene encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) have been investigated as risk factors for microvascular complications of diabetes; however, simultaneous analysis of these polymorphisms and the methylation pattern of the gene has never been conducted. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the simultaneous relationship between methylation and C6TT7 and A1298C polymorphisms with metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters related to microvascular complications, diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in diabetic patients.

Methods: A total of 107 patients who were diagnosed in the previous 5 to 10 years were recruited and divided into groups with complications (DR and/or DN) or without complications. Read More

Phytomedicine 2018 Oct 22;56:229-245. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400 056, India. Electronic address:

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with persistent increased level of glucose in the blood. According to a report by World Health Organisation (WHO), prevalence of diabetes among adults over 18 years of age had reached to 8.5% in year 2014 which was 4. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 21;19(1):27. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: Color fundus photography have been extensively used to explore the link between retinal morphology changes associated with various disease i.e. Diabetic Retinopathy, Glaucoma. Read More

Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 20. Epub 2019 Jan 20.

Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Importance: Five-year survival rates in patients undergoing vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy (DR) vary from 68% to 95%. No study has been conducted in an Australian population.

Background: We aimed to determine the survival rates of patients undergoing diabetic vitrectomy in an Australian population. Read More

Ghana Med J 2018 Jun;52(2):84-87

Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Eye Clinic. Kumasi, Ghana.

Background: To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy maculopathy and cataract amongst diabetics and the prevalence of visual impairment amongst diabetics attending the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital eye unit. There are no current data in the study area on the prevalence of visual impairment and blindness amongst diabetics. This data is required in planning for screening and prevention of blindness due to diabetics. Read More

Lipids Health Dis 2019 Jan 18;18(1):18. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Pudong Institute for Health Development, Shanghai, China.

Background: Although there are several studies to investigate the association between blood lipids and microvascular complications, these studies reported conflicting results. The aim of the current study was to explore the association between blood lipid parameters and the risk of microvascular complications, especially the dose-response association between them, among community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Shanghai, China.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 community health service centers in Shanghai between December 2014 and December 2016. Read More

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2019 Mar 16;49(5):599-608. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.

Background: The role of hepatitis C (HCV) eradication on the long-term complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus remains incompletely studied.

Aim: To investigate whether antiviral treatment impacted risk of acute coronary syndrome, end-stage renal disease, ischaemic stroke, and retinopathy among diabetic patients from the four US health systems comprising the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS).

Methods: We included CHeCS HCV patients with diagnosis codes for type 2 diabetes who were on antidiabetic medications. Read More

Curr Diabetes Rev 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology of the Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska str. 251, 92-213 Lodz. Poland.

Background: Potential influence of pregnancy and parity on the risk of chronic diabetic complications is a matter of great concern and constant discussion. This aspect seems relevant and should be the subject of thorough discussion with the woman planning childbirth.

Introduction: Current data concerning the impact of pregnancy and parity covers primarily retinopathy and nephropathy, while the aspects of neuropathy and macrovascular complications are unsatisfactorily documented. Read More

Curr Eye Res 2019 Jan 15:1-11. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

e Clinical Medicine (Four-year program) of Grade 2014 , Xi'an Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , PR China.

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is produced by a variety of cells involved in inflammation and acts as local intensification signals in pathological processes associated with chronic eye inflammation. This meta-analysis was performed to provide a better understanding of the relationship between IL-6 and diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: The study was started with systematic search for literatures by using the PubMed, Web of Science and Embase online databases. Read More

Curr Pharm Des 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN. 38163. United States.

Background: The eye is considered as a window of the disease, and a better understanding of neurodegenerative changes in the eye may help diagnose and manage neurodegenerative diseases including the diseases of brain, heart, kidney and liver. In the eye, the blood retinal barrier (BRB] is maintained by the combination of endothelial cells, pericytes, and glia. This BRB integrity is fundamental to the physiology of retinal cellular function and accurate vision. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019 Jan - Feb;13(1):806-809. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

School of Commerce, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia. Electronic address:

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the association of physical activity (PA) with the presence of diabetes related complications among Bangladeshi type 2 diabetic subjects.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Out Patient Department (OPD) of BIRDEM, Bangladesh. A group of 977 subjects were randomly selected and followed up. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019 Jan - Feb;13(1):744-746. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Paediatrics, East Cheshire NHS Trust, United Kingdom.

Introduction: There is currently limited data published on the prognostic factors and prevalence of diabetic eye disease in children and young people (CYP) with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), yet diabetic retinopathy remains one of the commonest causes of blindness in young adults. The aim of this study was to determine the risk and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to evaluate the risk factors associated with diabetic retinopathy in CYP with T1DM.

Methods: All CYP with Type 1 diabetes between 12 and 18 years of age, registered with the regional diabetic retinopathy screening programme were evaluated from 2012 to 2013 in four diabetes units within the north west region of the United Kingdom. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019 Jan - Feb;13(1):672-677. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Aman Street, 260, Ethiopia. Electronic address:

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been growing rapidly in the world. It is smashing particularly the lower and middle income countries (LMICs) severely. Due to its acute and chronic complications many lives have fallen under its bad shadow. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019 Jan - Feb;13(1):622-625. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that is well known for its long term serious complications. Proteinuria whether micro or macroproteinuria is one of these complications. Many studies has related proteinuria to other complications of diabetes as retinopathy and cardiovascular disease of diabetes, while the lungs of diabetic patients which is the largest organ in the body with a large macro and microvascular bed, has not been related to this complication. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019 Jan - Feb;13(1):430-433. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess whether there is an association between ethnicity and the high prevalence of diabetes complications in Sudan.

Methods: This was cross-sectional hospital-based study with 316 individuals with diabetes conducted in Khartoum state, Sudan. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic information. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019 01;50(1):42-49

Background And Objective: To compare between trimanual and unimanual vitrectomy in complicated proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Patients And Methods: A prospective, non-randomized, comparative study including patients with tractional retinal detachment (TRD), vitreous hemorrhage with TRD, and combined TRD with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The patients were allocated into two groups: the unimanual group with three-port vitrectomy and the trimanual group with added fourth sclerotomy, through which the endoillumination probe was guided by the assistant. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019 01;50(1):8-15

Background And Objective: To analyze the visibility of various diabetic retinopathy lesions in multicolor imaging (MCI) and compare them to corresponding color fundus photography (CFP).

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of 130 eyes of 65 consecutive patients with diabetic retinopathy who underwent multicolor confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and CFP.

Results: Hard exudates (Hex) were seen in 74 eyes (71. Read More