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Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019 Jan;50(1):42-49

Background And Objective: To compare between trimanual and unimanual vitrectomy in complicated proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Patients And Methods: A prospective, non-randomized, comparative study including patients with tractional retinal detachment (TRD), vitreous hemorrhage with TRD, and combined TRD with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The patients were allocated into two groups: the unimanual group with three-port vitrectomy and the trimanual group with added fourth sclerotomy, through which the endoillumination probe was guided by the assistant. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019 Jan;50(1):8-15

Background And Objective: To analyze the visibility of various diabetic retinopathy lesions in multicolor imaging (MCI) and compare them to corresponding color fundus photography (CFP).

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of 130 eyes of 65 consecutive patients with diabetic retinopathy who underwent multicolor confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and CFP.

Results: Hard exudates (Hex) were seen in 74 eyes (71. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 11;19(1):15. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

University General Hospital of Valencia, Avenida Tres Cruces S/N, 46015, Valencia, Spain.

Background: Diabetic macular edema (DME) can be treated with different alternatives, among them Dexamethasone intravitreal implant 0.7 mg (DEX 0.7) has demonstrated that may improve both central macular thickness (CMT) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Read More

Value Health Reg Issues 2019 Jan 8;19:1-6. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic.

Background: Despite the significant impact of retinal diseases such as wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME), there is a limited understanding of how these conditions are managed in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE).

Objectives: To provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical and economic burden of wAMD and DME in CEE and the status quo associated with their management.

Methods: A narrative literature review was undertaken to identify existing data on wAMD and DME, including epidemiology, economic burden, clinical guidelines, and available and reimbursed treatments. Read More

Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019 Jan 10;18(1). Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Rodolpho Rocco, 255, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-913, Brazil.

Background: The prognostic importance of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with diabetes is unsettled. We aimed to evaluate the relationships between parameters of carotid atherosclerosis and the future occurrence of micro- and cardiovascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Ultrasonographic parameters of carotid atherosclerosis, intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaques, were measured at baseline in 478 participants who were followed-up for a median of 10. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2019 Jan 10;20(1):12. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, P.O.Box 4950, 0424, Oslo, Nydalen, Norway.

Background: The use of HbA1c ≥6.5% for diagnosis of diabetes has been challenged for post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) also known as new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) due to a low sensitivity early after renal transplantation. PTDM diagnosed with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is highly predictable for long-term patient mortality. Read More

BMC Health Serv Res 2019 Jan 9;19(1):22. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Creativ-Ceutical, 215, rue du Faubourg St Honoré, 75008, Paris, France.

Background: Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) may lead to visual loss and blindness. Several pharmacological treatments are available on the National Health Service (NHS) to United Kingdom patients affected by this condition, including intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (anti-VEGFs) and two types of intravitreal steroid implants, releasing dexamethasone or fluocinolone acetonide (FAc). This study aimed to assess the value for money (cost-effectiveness) of the FAc 0. Read More

Dig Dis 2019 Jan 9:1-8. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: The risk factors associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to identify such risk factors in NAFLD patients who developed HCC.

Methods: Between April 2000 and -December 2016, a total of 182 patients with NAFLD were enrolled in this study; of these, only 22 patients had HCC. Read More

Exp Mol Pathol 2019 Jan 6;106:123-130. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China. Electronic address:

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, which is a major reason of blindness. Baicalin (BAI) is a flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis, whose pharmacological characterizes have been widely reported in various diseases. However, it remains unclear the effect of BAI on DR. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 8;19(1):11. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.

Background: To identify baseline patient characteristics associated with early clinically significant visual acuity (VA) improvements within 3 months of treatment initiation in ranibizumab-treated patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in the SHORE study.

Methods: Post hoc analysis of baseline patient characteristics in the randomized, open-label, vision examiner-masked SHORE phase 4 study that compared monthly versus pro re nata dosing of ranibizumab in patients with branch and central RVO. Patients who enrolled in SHORE fulfilled eligibility criteria per protocol (N = 202). Read More

Exp Eye Res 2019 Jan 4. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Greifswald, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMVECs) are involved in the pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. In this study, the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of HRMVECs were investigated under resting conditions, angiogenic stimulation (VEGF treatment) and anti-VEGF treatment.

Materials And Methods: The miRNA profiles of HRMVECs under resting and angiogenic conditions (VEGF treatment), as well as after addition of aflibercept, bevacizumab or ranibizumab were evaluated by analyzing the transcriptome of small non-coding RNAs. Read More

Cir Cir 2019 ;87(1):34-39

División de Investigación. Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México, México.

Background: Visual improvement after photocoagulation in focal diabetic macular edema is more frequent when temporal perifoveal area is not affected; functional status before treatment could be worse in eyes with perifoveal temporal thickening. The correlation between visual acuity and foveal sensitivity (usually significant), would allow to compare macular function.

Objective: To compare the correlation between retinal sensitivity and visual acuity in eyes with diabetic macular edema, with and without temporal perifoveal thickening. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Dec 31;24:9497-9503. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA of myocardial infarction associated transcript (lncRNA-MIAT) has a reported role in microvascular dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA-MIAT and its effects on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling in patients with diabetic retinopathy and in ARPE-19 adult retinal pigment epithelial cells in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Study participants provided plasma samples and included patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n=52), patients with diabetes without diabetic retinopathy (n=63), and healthy controls (n=56). Read More

Integr Med Res 2018 Dec 22;7(4):351-357. Epub 2018 Sep 22.

Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common diseases found across the world. extract (AKE) has a protective effect on diabetic complications such as diabetic retinopathy. However, the effects of AKE on hyperglycemia-linked impairment of wound healing during DM have not been elucidated. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 27;18(1):340. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Background: This was an updated network meta-analysis (NMA) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents and laser photocoagulation in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). Unlike previous NMA that used meta-regression to account for potential confounding by systematic variation in treatment effect modifiers across studies, this update incorporated individual patient-level data (IPD) regression to provide more robust adjustment.

Methods: An updated review was conducted to identify randomised controlled trials for inclusion in a Bayesian NMA. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2019 18;14:45-55. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Department of Ophthalmology and The Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,

Background: To pursuit effective sustained release systems for insulin to treat diabetic retinopathy (DR), a novel insulin delivering system was developed via loading onto chitosan nanoparticles/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) hydrogel (ICNPH).

Methods And Materials: Examinations including electroretinography, HE staining, transmission electron microscopy, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferased UTP nick-end labeling, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed to evaluate the neuroprotective efficacy of ICNPH on DR by a single subconjunctival injection.

Results: Compared with the insulin, blank, and sham treatment groups, subconjunctival injection of ICNPH significantly reduced the decrease of scotopic B-wave amplitude, alleviated retinal micro- and ultrastructural changes, and reduced retinal cell apoptosis caused in DR rats. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 20;18(1):332. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.

Background: The ability to image wide fundus fields and to conduct swift, non-invasive examinations is increasingly important with the escalation in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Fifty eyes of 28 consecutive patients with DR were examined in this prospective observational study. A total of 46 eyes, 25 right and 21 left eyes, of 27 patients (male, 19; female, 8) were ultimately included in the analysis. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 20;18(1):333. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Eye Department, General Hospital, Celje, Slovenia.

Background: To assess visual outcomes over 24 months in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) who initiated intravitreal aflibercept therapy under a treat-and-extend (TE) regimen in real-world settings.

Methods: In this retrospective, observational, multicentre study in Slovenia, medical records of all treatment-naïve patients with nAMD who started intravitreal aflibercept therapy between October 2013 and April 2015 were reviewed. The primary outcome measure was change in mean visual acuity (VA) from baseline to 24 months in patients who received the TE regimen for 2 years, assessed by standardised Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study charts and calculated as least-squares means. Read More

Ophthalmologe 2018 Dec 19. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Domagkstr. 15, 48149, Münster, Deutschland.

Background: The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) has often been analyzed under different aspects in the last decades, mainly by fluorescence angiography (FA); however, the novel technology of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) enables a non-invasive examination, visualization and quantitative analysis of the FAZ, which has recently led to many new findings, especially in a multidisciplinary manner. This article provides an overview of the investigation of the FAZ using OCTA and the new findings that have been obtained using OCTA in recent years.

Methods: This article is based on a comprehensive literature review. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 12 19;12:CD007939. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is one of the major causes of blindness and the number of cases has risen in recent years. Herbal medicine has been used to treat diabetes and its complications including diabetic retinopathy for thousands of years around the world. However, common practice is not always evidence-based. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(50):e13678

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in adults of working age. Although existing systematic reviews of the prevalence of DR for mainland China have been reported, but several studies have been newly reported. Further some potential factors for DR are still discrepant and inconclusive. Read More

Ophthalmic Res 2018 Dec 14:1-7. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, Belfast, United Kingdom.

Background: Digital retinal imaging is the gold standard technique for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular oedema (DME) assessment during DR screening.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of digital retinal fundus image (DRFI) analysis in detecting DME using three manual grading systems (MGS) and comparing it with optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings.

Method: A total of 287 DRFI of 287 eyes were analysed. Read More

Pharmacol Rep 2018 Oct 3;71(1):175-182. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes and the leading cause of acquired blindness in adults. In diabetic patients hyperglycemia induces complex metabolic abnormalities affecting retinal homeostasis, and promotes retinal inflammation and angiogenesis. Incretin mimetic drugs such exenatide, are a relatively new group of drugs used in the treatment of diabetes. Read More

J Neuroinflammation 2018 Dec 12;15(1):340. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.

Background: Microglia-associated inflammation is closely related to the pathogenesis of various retinal diseases such as uveitis and diabetic retinopathy, which are associated with increased vascular permeability. In this study, we investigated the effect of systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure to activation and proliferation of retinal microglia /macrophages.

Methods: Balb/c and Cx3cr1 mice were challenged with LPS (1 mg/kg) daily for four consecutive days. Read More

Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China.

Background: Cell permeability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was found to be enhanced in diabetic retinopathy, and the aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism.

Methods: ARPE-19 cell line or primary RPE cells were cultured under high or normal glucose conditions. Specific shRNAs were employed to knocked down ARF6, GEP100 or VEGFR2 in ARPE-19 or primary RPE cells. Read More

Rev Med Chil 2018 Aug;146(8):890-893

Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Primary care units of ophtalmology (UAPO) were incorporated in 2003 into the healthcare system of the Ministry of Health, in response to the high demand for hospital care. Three of these primary care units were incorporated to provide a network care with the ophthalmology service of a tertiary care hospital.

Aim: To report the public health impact of networking. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2018 15;12:2337-2345. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Newcastle Eye Centre, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK,

Background: An increasingly elderly population with a corresponding increase in ophthalmic conditions has led to increased pressure on hospital eye services (HES). In this study, we evaluated the use of a medical retina virtual clinic (MRVC), which has expanded into assessing all new medical retina referrals, where the need for urgent treatment was not clear.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all new patients who were seen in the MRVC between April 2016 and May 2018. Read More

Gac Med Mex 2018 ;154(Supp 2):S30-S35

Dirección de Investigación y Enseñanza, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México, México.

Background: Parafoveal capillary density changes have not been characterized in type 2 diabetics without retinopathy.

Objective: To compare parafoveal capillary density between healthy subjects, and diabetics with and without retinopathy.

Method: Observational, prospective, transversal and comparative study; subjects without diabetes (group 1), diabetics without retinopathy (group 2), with retinopathy (group 3) and with diabetic macular edema (group 4), without macular ischemia, were included. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Dec 8;24:8891-8898. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy has a varied prevalence, severity, and rate of progression. The aim of this study was to determine whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the gene encoding a 135-kD centrosomal protein CEP135 rs4865047 and the gene encoding the type 2 NPY protein NPY2R rs1902491 were associated with the development of rapidly progressive proliferative diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with rapidly progressive proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n=48) were included in the study group. Read More

JMIR Res Protoc 2018 Dec 10;7(12):e10900. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Background: Visual impairment and blindness from diabetic retinopathy (DR), which can be reduced by early screening and treatment, is an emerging public health concern in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) owing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, no systematic screening exists in most LMIC settings. The Western province of Sri Lanka has the highest prevalence of DM (18. Read More

Exp Mol Pathol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China. Electronic address:

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the serious complication of diabetes, which could lead to blindness. Inflammation and apoptosis are hallmark of DR, but mechanism of their regulation is little known. LncRNA-MEG3 is associated with multiple biological processes including proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation response, and is dramatically decreased in DR. Read More

Int J Retina Vitreous 2018 30;4:45. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, 850 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.

Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disease caused by loss of expression of the paternally inherited copy of several genes on the long arm of chromosome 15. Ophthalmic manifestations of PWS include strabismus, amblyopia, nystagmus, hypopigmentation of the iris and choroid, diabetic retinopathy, cataract and congenital ectropion uvea. An overlap between PWS and oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) has long been recognized and attributed to deletion of OCA2 gene located in PWS critical region (PWCR). Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2018 8;11:717-728. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon,

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic noncommunicable disease characterized by hyperglycemia and is associated with chronic complications affecting the overall quality of life. As of 2017, the prevalence of diabetes in Lebanon is estimated to be 14.6%. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Gloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK.

Background: Annually 2.7 million individuals are offered screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in England. Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) has the potential to relieve pressure on NHS services by correctly identifying patients who are screen positive for maculopathy on two-dimensional photography without evidence of clinically significant macular oedema (CSMO), limiting the number of referrals to hospitals. Read More

Cell Physiol Biochem 2018 26;51(3):1119-1133. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Background/aims: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. However, no effective treatments for this disease are available. Calcium dobesilate (CaD) is widely used to treat diabetic retinopathy. Read More

Mol Neurodegener 2018 11 22;13(1):62. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, China.

Background: Although diabetic retinopathy (DR) has long been considered as a microvascular disorder, mounting evidence suggests that diabetic retinal neurodegeneration, in particular synaptic loss and dysfunction of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) may precede retinal microvascular changes. Key molecules involved in this process remain poorly defined. The microtubule-associated protein tau is a critical mediator of neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Read More

Stem Cell Res Ther 2018 Nov 21;9(1):322. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 930 Madison Ave, Suite#768, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.

Background: Early-stage diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterized by neurovascular defects. In this study, we hypothesized that human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) positive for the pericyte marker CD140b, or their secreted paracrine factors, therapeutically rescue early-stage DR features in an Ins2 mouse model.

Methods: Ins2 mice at 24 weeks of age received intravitreal injections of CD140b-positive ASCs (1000 cells/1 μL) or 20× conditioned media from cytokine-primed ASCs (ASC-CM, 1 μL). Read More

PLoS Med 2018 Nov 20;15(11):e1002700. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease and have become leading causes of morbidity and mortality among Palestinian refugees in the Middle East, many of whom live in long-term settlements and receive grain-based food aid. The objective of this study was to estimate changes in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality attributable to a transition from traditional food aid to either (i) a debit card restricted to food purchases, (ii) cash, or (iii) an alternative food parcel with less grain and more fruits and vegetables, each valued at $30/person/month.

Methods And Findings: An individual-level microsimulation was created to estimate relationships between food aid delivery method, food consumption, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality using demographic data from the United Nations (UN; 2017) on 5,340,443 registered Palestinian refugees in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Gaza, and the West Bank, food consumption data (2011-2017) from households receiving traditional food parcel delivery of food aid (n = 1,507 households) and electronic debit card delivery of food aid (n = 1,047 households), and health data from a random 10% sample of refugees receiving medical care through the UN (2012-2015; n = 516,386). Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2018 Nov;49(11):e198-e205

Background And Objectives: Construct a method for visualizing the middle capillary plexus (MCP) using Zeiss optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and compare to established segmentation methods using the Optovue system.

Patients And Methods: Twenty eyes with diabetic retinopathy were imaged. Visualization of the MCP, image artifacts, preservation of pathological changes, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and vessel length density (VLD) were compared between devices. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2018 Nov;49(11):e182-e190

Background And Objective: To assess the relationship between retinal vascular and structural changes in the superficial, middle, and deep capillary plexuses (SCP, MCP, DCP) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and en face OCT.

Patients And Methods: Patients with diabetic retinopathy were imaged using the Cirrus HD-OCT with AngioPlex. Using manual segmentation of the retinal layers, the authors compared OCTA to en face OCT images to examine corresponding patterns in each of the three capillary plexuses. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 12;18(1):297. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.

Background: Genetic studies have reported contradictory results on the association between the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) rs5498 polymorphism and diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk in type 2 diabetic patients. We aimed to perform a systematic literature search and conduct random-effects meta-analysis to provide a quantitative evaluation.

Methods: We searched Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Wanfang databases from inception up to January 2018. Read More

Int J Retina Vitreous 2018 2;4:41. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

4Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, USA.

Background: To evaluate the association of central subfield thickness (CST) and cube average thickness (CAT) with ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Cross sectional study including consecutive patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus [without DR (No DR, n = 97); non-proliferative DR (NPDR, n = 91); proliferative DR (PDR, n = 83)] and healthy controls (n = 82) was undertaken. CST and CAT values were measured using SD-OCT. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Vision and Eye Research Unit, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK

Background: To assess prevalence and causes of vision loss in Central and South Asia.

Methods: A systematic review of medical literature assessed the prevalence of blindness (presenting visual acuity<3/60 in the better eye), moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity <6/18 but ≥3/60) and mild vision impairment (MVI; presenting visual acuity <6/12 and ≥6/18) in Central and South Asia for 1990, 2010, 2015 and 2020.

Results: In Central and South Asia combined, age-standardised prevalences of blindness, MSVI and MVI in 2015 were for men and women aged 50+years, 3. Read More

Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2019 Jan 6;3(1):35-43. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA.

Background: One in three adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes have at least one early diabetes-related complication or comorbidity. We aimed to examine the prevalence and pattern of co-occurring complications in this population, as well as the related risk factors.

Methods: This observational cohort study includes data from individuals diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before age 20 years who participated in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study across five sites in the USA. Read More

Int J Med Inform 2018 Dec 18;120:137-146. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

DETI/IEETA, University of Aveiro, Portugal.

Background And Objective: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most prevalent microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and can lead to irreversible visual loss. Screening programs, based on retinal imaging techniques, are fundamental to detect the disease since the initial stages are asymptomatic. Most of these examinations reflect negative cases and many have poor image quality, representing an important inefficiency factor. Read More

Syst Rev 2018 Nov 7;7(1):182. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Indian Institute of Public Health, Plot No 1 Kavuri Hills Madhapur, Hyderabad, 500033, India.

Background: Visual impairment from diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an increasing global public health concern, which is preventable with screening and early treatment. Digital retinal imaging has become a preferred choice as it enables higher coverage of screening. The aim of this review is to evaluate how different characteristics of the DR screening (DRS) test impact on diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) and its relevance to a low-income setting. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 6;18(1):288. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

Biosignal Lab, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: Convolution neural networks have been considered for automatic analysis of fundus images to detect signs of diabetic retinopathy but suffer from low sensitivity.

Methods: This study has proposed an alternate method using probabilistic output from Convolution neural network to automatically and simultaneously detect exudates, hemorrhages and microaneurysms. The method was evaluated using two approaches: patch and image-based analysis of the fundus images on two public databases: DIARETDB1 and e-Ophtha. Read More

Diabetes Metab J 2018 Dec 15;42(6):513-518. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Recent studies have correlated serum cystatin C (CysC) with vascular complications, but few studies have investigated this correlation in diabetes patients without nephropathy. This study aimed to evaluate if higher serum CysC levels increase the risk for vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with normal renal function or mild renal impairment.

Methods: A total of 806 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were admitted to the diabetes center of Soonchunhyang University Hospital for blood glucose control were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2018 Oct;49(10):780-786

Background And Objectives: To characterize the electroretinographic response of the macula by multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) with and without diabetic macular edema (DME) and correlate it with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and foveal thickness on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Patients And Methods: Prospective, observational case series. Forty eyes of 22 patients with treatment-naïve NPDR underwent recording of BCVA, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and SD-OCT. Read More

Case Rep Ophthalmol 2018 Sep-Dec;9(3):425-430. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.

Background: Lipemia retinalis is a rare but known complication of elevated serum triglycerides. This case describes the clinical course of a diabetic patient who presented with lipemia retinalis and macular edema, which responded to systemic and local treatments.

Case Report: A 40-year-old female with a history of type II diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, and pancreatitis presented with decreased vision in the left eye. Read More