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Dev Ophthalmol 2021 Mar 1;61:1-11. Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Retina Division, Duke Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA,

Intraoperative portable handheld and microscope-integrated OCT enhance the pediatric vitreoretinal surgeon's diagnostic abilities during examination under anesthesia and surgery, particularly in children who are challenging to examine preoperatively due to young age or ocular trauma. Improved OCT-guided visualization of vitreoretinal anatomic relationships has the potential to improve surgical safety and efficiency. In retinopathy of prematurity and other pediatric retinal vascular conditions, intraoperative OCT can be critical for distinguishing between retinoschisis and retinal detachment and highlighting abnormalities of the vitreoretinal interface that may contribute to development of tractional retinal detachments. Read More

Ophthalmic Genet 2021 Feb 23:1-4. Epub 2021 Feb 23.

Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

: Multiple congenital anomalies-hypotony-seizures syndrome 3 (MCAHS3) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the gene. encodes phosphatidylinositol-glycan biosynthesis class T, which plays a crucial role in protein anchoring to cell membranes. The clinical presentation of MCAHS3 is variable in expression and severity, but can be characterized by developmental delay, seizures, hypotonia, facial dysmorphism, and other abnormalities. Read More

Cureus 2021 Jan 2;13(1):e12430. Epub 2021 Jan 2.

Ophthalmology, "G. Gennimatas" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, GRC.

An 86-year-old man with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and a history of acute retinal necrosis (four years ago) presented with reduced visual acuity in his right eye of three days' duration. He developed epiretinal membrane and tractional retinal detachment, which were treated successfully. Epiretinal membrane and tractional retinal detachment usually occur one to two months after the onset of retinitis. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2021 29;15:367-373. Epub 2021 Jan 29.

Al Mashreq Eye Center, Cairo, Egypt.

Background: Coats' disease is a rare entity with retinal vascular telangiectasia that can progress to exudative retinal detachment, neovascular glaucoma, and a blind painful eye requiring enucleation. Despite recent therapeutic advances decreasing the need for enucleation, no consensus exists about the optimum management of exudative Coats' disease. The use of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents as an adjunct to ablation therapy has been shown to achieve favorable outcomes, but some reports suggest an increased incidence of vitreoretinal (VR) fibrosis and tractional retinal detachment (TRD). Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2021 Feb 4. Epub 2021 Feb 4.

Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Halle, Deutschland.

Background: Intraocular epithelial downgrowth is a rare but potentially devastating posttraumatic complication. If left untreated, this may result in corneal decompensation, secondary angle-closure glaucoma, retinal detachment and blindness.

Patient And Method: A 10-year-old patient with penetrating globe injury and delayed wound management elsewhere presented with corneal melting and decompensation, retinal detachment and ocular hypotony. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2021 Jan 29. Epub 2021 Jan 29.

Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

A review of literature was performed, focused on the etiopathogenesis of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (APROP), the characteristic and atypical clinical features, management strategies, anatomical and visual outcomes. Characteristically APROP has zone I/posterior zone II involvement with prominent plus disease, featureless junction, large vascular loops, flat extra-retinal fibrovascular proliferation, and a rapidly progressive course. The risk factors for APROP are extreme prematurity (birth weight ≤1000 gram and/or gestational age ≤28 weeks), dysregulated oxygen supplementation, intrauterine growth retardation, sepsis, and thrombocytopenia. Read More

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2020 Jul-Sep;27(3):188-190. Epub 2020 Oct 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) is a multisystemic inherited disease which most commonly affects the retina and central nervous system. The hallmark retinal manifestation of VHL in the eye is retinal capillary hemangioblastoma (RCH). Significant visual morbidity can result from exudative retinal detachments (ERDs) or tractional retinal detachments. Read More

Retina 2021 Jan 18. Epub 2021 Jan 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA Department of Ophthalmology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, CA.

Purpose: To report the clinicopathologic correlation and biochemical analysis of silicone oil removed after 23 years in an eye.

Methods: A 63-year-old man with a history of HIV/AIDS and CMV retinitis, status post retinal detachment repair with silicone oil at the age of 39 years old, presented with several weeks of worse vision. He was found to have a shallow fovea-off tractional retinal detachment. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2021 Jan 12. Epub 2021 Jan 12.

Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.

Purpose: The development of degenerative lamellar macular holes (DLH) is largely unclear. This study was aimed at documenting with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography the tractional development and morphological alterations of DLH.

Methods: A retrospective case series of 44 eyes of 44 patients is described. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2021 Jan 8. Epub 2021 Jan 8.

SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab injections (IVBs) for vitreous haemorrhage (VH) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with prior complete panretinal photocoagulation (PRP).

Methods: A multicentre cohort study of eyes with new VH in PDR after documented previous complete PRP was performed. Eyes were grouped according to IVB treatment at baseline, and cumulative rate of vitrectomy and spontaneous clear-up rate were compared as the main outcome. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Dec 28;20(1):491. Epub 2020 Dec 28.

Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Mária u 39, Budapest, 1085, Hungary.

Background: The purpose of the study was to explore the immunological components that are responsible for the proliferative alterations in the different forms of retinal detachment (RD).

Methods: Vitreous fluids were collected during 23G pars plana vitrectomy from 54 eyes of 54 patients with different RD types, such as rhegmatogenous RD (RRD) without proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) (n = 30), PVR (n = 16) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with tractional RD (n = 8). Vitreous fluids were obtained from 19 eyes with epiretinal membrane (ERM), which were used as control samples. Read More

Ophthalmologe 2021 Jan;118(1):18-23

Universitäts-Augenklinik Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland.

Background: After initially successful surgery of retinal detachment, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the most common cause of renewed retinal detachment. With an incidence of 5-20% it represents a frequent surgical challenge based on a pronounced epiretinal, subretinal and intraretinal scar formation.

Material And Methods: The five most important steps leading to a successful repair of a PVR retinal detachment are described. Read More

Ophthalmologe 2021 Jan;118(1):10-17

Augenheilkunde, Klinikum Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Deutschland.

Background: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is still an unsolved problem after half a century of research.

Methods: This article provides a review of mechanisms leading to PVR in the context of wound healing research.

Results: Wound healing is a physiological repair process that occurs in a similar way in all organs and may end in scar formation. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2020 Nov 30;2020(11):rjaa468. Epub 2020 Nov 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic, immune-mediated occlusive vasculitis of unknown etiology with a chronic, relapsing remitting course. Ocular involvement is characterized by recurrent nongranulomatous uveitis with necrotizing obliterative vasculitis affecting both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye and often leads to blindness. We describe successful surgical management of a rare case of combined rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and tractional retinal detachment (TRD) in a patient with Behçet's disease. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2020 1;14:4125-4133. Epub 2020 Dec 1.

Department of Diabetic Eye Diseases, National Centre of Ophthalmology Named After Acad. Zarifa Aliyeva, Baku, Azerbaijan.

Purpose Of The Study: To study preoperative and postoperative optical coherence tomography features and the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for full-thickness macular holes (MHs) associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: The data from 14 eyes of 11 patients with full-thickness macular holes and active diabetic fibrovascular proliferation (FVP) with/without tractional retinal detachment who underwent pars plana vitrectomy and standard ILM peeling at Zarifa Aliyeva National Ophthalmology Centre in Baku were analysed. Bilateral surgery for diabetic MHs was performed in 27. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2020 Dec 3. Epub 2020 Dec 3.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the lesion detection rates of ocular toxocariasis (OT) between ultra-wide-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (UWF-SLO) and conventional fundus photography (CFP), and to evaluate the potential diagnostic ability of UWF-SLO in OT.

Methods: A total of 56 patients with serological/immunological confirmed unilateral OT were enrolled. The presence of OT characteristic features included the posterior granuloma (postG), peripheral granuloma (periG), tractional retinal detachment (TRD), retinal folds (RF), and vitreous strands (VS) and was analyzed in 36 patients with UWF-SLO and 56 patients with CFP. Read More

Retina 2020 Nov 23. Epub 2020 Nov 23.

Instituto de la Visión- Hospital La Carlota, Camino al Vapor #209 Colonia Zambrano Montemorelos, Nuevo León 67530, México.

Purpose: To compare vitreous substitution with silicone oil to perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) subjects undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for the treatment of tractional retinal detachment (TRD) or extensive fibrous proliferation.

Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Methods: Three hundred and two PDR subjects with TRD or extensive fibrous proliferation requiring PPV were enrolled into the trial. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2020 2;14:3699-3708. Epub 2020 Nov 2.

Eyecare Clinic, Brescia, Italy.

Pathologic myopia (PM) is an ocular disorder characterized by a spherical equivalent (SE) of more than - 6.0 diopters (D) or by an axial length (AL) of more than 26.5 millimeters (mm). Read More

PeerJ 2020 20;8:e10136. Epub 2020 Oct 20.

Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Under physiological conditions, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a cellular monolayer composed of mitotically quiescent cells. Tight junctions and adherens junctions maintain the polarity of RPE cells, and are required for cellular functions. In proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), upon retinal tear, RPE cells lose cell-cell contact, undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and ultimately transform into myofibroblasts, leading to the formation of fibrocellular membranes on both surfaces of the detached retina and on the posterior hyaloids, which causes tractional retinal detachment. Read More

J AAPOS 2020 Nov 2. Epub 2020 Nov 2.

Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (APROP) is the most severe form of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), with rapid progression to tractional retinal detachment. Exudative retinal detachment (ERD) has rarely been described as a primary presentation in ROP. We present a case of unlasered zone 1 APROP in a 34-week infant presenting with bilateral ERD, which was treated with intravitreal ranibizumab. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Oct 31;13(10). Epub 2020 Oct 31.

Smt Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo Retinal Diseases, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

A 40-year-old woman, known type 2 diabetes mellitus, obese (100 kg), on insulin (80 units), was under treatment for unstable proliferative diabetic retinopathy with extramacular tractional retinal detachment (TRD) in the left eye. At 1-year follow-up, she developed progression of TRD involving the macula in the left eye for which she was advised surgery. She did not follow-up for 6 months during which time she had adopted a coconut oil-rich ketogenic diet. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Oct 29. Epub 2020 Oct 29.

Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.

Purpose: To report the use of flying baby spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) on infants with advanced retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), where clinical findings alone failed to differentiate between retinoschisis and retinal detachment.

Methods: Prospective, non-interventional case-series study of three premature infants with advanced ROP of clinically uncertain stage, after examination by indirect ophthalmoscopy. To confirm the diagnosis, table-mounted SD-OCT retinal imaging was performed with the infant held in the flying baby position under topical ocular anaesthesia only. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2020 Nov;68(11):2602-2604

Vitreoretina Department, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Traumatic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after blunt ocular trauma is a known entity. A tractional macular detachment occurring posttrauma without a retinal break is a unique presentation. A 25-year-old gentleman after blunt ocular trauma with a ball presented a week later with a vision of 20/800, large subretinal bleed and resolving vitreous hemorrhage in the right eye. Read More

Vestn Oftalmol 2020 ;136(6):50-56

Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia.

Purpose: To determine the indications and assess the effectiveness of laser coagulation of the retina (RLC) after different types of surgeries for retinal detachment (RD), except vitrectomy.

Material And Methods: The study included 160 patients (165 eyes) with various types of retinal detachment and retinoschisis who remained under observation for 11 years.

Results: In case of retinal tear with a slight local RD (less than one quadrant), we recommend the use of RLC as monotherapy. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Oct 19;20(1):416. Epub 2020 Oct 19.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, 300052, China.

Background: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is one of the most common cause of vision loss in diabetic patients, and the incidence age of PDR patients gradually gets younger. This study aims to compare the characteristics of PDR and outcomes following vitrectomy in young and senior patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective case series study. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Oct 9;21(20). Epub 2020 Oct 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a potentially blinding sequela of uncontrolled diabetes that involves a complex interaction of pro-angiogenic and inflammatory pathways. In this study, we compared the levels of pro-angiogenic arachidonic acid-derived mediators in human vitreous humor obtained from eyes with high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy versus controls. The results indicated that lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450-derived eicosanoids were elevated (5-HETE, 12-HETE, 20-HETE, and 20-COOH-AA) and there appeared to be no differences in levels measured in eyes with tractional retinal detachments versus those without. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2021 Feb 9;41(2):453-464. Epub 2020 Oct 9.

Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, P.O. Box 7191, Riyadh, 11462, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To study the natural history, anatomical and functional outcomes of persistent subretinal fluid (SRF) after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for diabetic tractional retinal detachment (TRD) and combined traction-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (TRRD).

Methods: Retrospective interventional case series of 43 patients (46 eyes) with persistent SRF following PPV for diabetic TRD or combined TRRD from January 2010 to December 2017 at single tertiary institution. Primary outcomes included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT). Read More

Ophthalmic Genet 2021 Feb 9;42(1):79-83. Epub 2020 Oct 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China.

Background: Coats plus syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder, and is also a telomere-related disorder caused by CTC1 gene mutation. We reported ophthalmic findings in a Chinese child with genetically confirmed Coats plus syndrome.

Materials And Methods: The comprehensive ophthalmic findings were presented, as well as treatment history and systemic manifestations. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Oct 7;20(1):398. Epub 2020 Oct 7.

Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.

Background: Here we report a case of traction retinal detachment (TRD) associated with congenital retinal vascular hypoplasia localized in the superotemporal quadrant that was treated with vitrectomy.

Case Presentations: A 58 year-old female presented with a gradual decrease of visual acuity (VA) and distorted vision in her left eye. She had a past history of amblyopia in her left eye from early childhood, and a previous examination performed at a nearby hospital revealed that the corrected visual acuity (VA) in that eye was 0. Read More

Neuroophthalmology 2020 26;44(4):213-218. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.

Vitreopapillary traction (VPT) syndrome is a potentially visually significant disorder of the vitreopapillary interface characterised by an incomplete posterior vitreous detachment with the persistently adherent vitreous exerting tractional pull on the optic disc and resulting in morphologic alterations and a consequent decline of visual function. It is most commonly unilateral but bilateral reports have also been described. The cause of the condition may be unknown or idiopathic, although the histology of traction shows proliferation of fibrous astrocytes, myofibroblasts, fibrocytes, and retinal pigment epithelial cells. Read More