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Arch Craniofac Surg 2021 Apr 20;22(2):110-114. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Gumi, Korea.

Retrobulbar hemorrhage is a disastrous condition that can lead to permanent blindness. As such, rapid diagnosis and treatment are critical. Here, we report a patient who presented with retrobulbar hemorrhage following an orbital floor fracture. Read More

JAMA Ophthalmol 2021 May 6. Epub 2021 May 6.

Department of Ophthalmology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.

Turk J Ophthalmol 2021 04;51(2):127-130

Birjand University of Medical Sciences Valiasr Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Birjand, Iran

A 42-year-old man with undiagnosed Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) developed bilateral central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). His medical history included bronchial asthma and irregular prednisolone usage but no atherosclerotic risk factors. At presentation, visual acuity (VA) was hand motion in the right eye and counting fingers in left eye. Read More

Neuroradiology 2021 May 4. Epub 2021 May 4.

Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.

Purpose: Create a new definition of near-occlusion with full collapse to predicting recurrent stroke.

Methods: Pooled analysis of two studies. Patients with symptomatic ≥ 50% carotid stenoses were included. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2021 14;2021:5527292. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

University Eye Hospital, Centre of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Acute central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) induces a time-dependent increase in retinal thickness. By manually measuring the relative retinal thickness increase (RRTI) in comparison to the contralateral eye based on optical coherence tomography (OCT), ischemia onset within the past 4.5 hours could be determined with 100% sensitivity and 94. Read More

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021 Apr 27:102299. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri, Turkey.

Introduction: Polyarteritis nodosa is a systemic vasculitis characterized by necrotizing inflammatory lesions affecting the middle and small arteries.

Case Presentation: A 23-year-old male presented to our ophthalmology clinic with a 1-day history of sudden vision loss in his left eye. Posterior segment examination the left eye showed optic disc borders were faint, hyperemic and fluffy with cilioretinal artery occlusion signs present. Read More

Med Clin North Am 2021 May 2;105(3):455-472. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

John A. Moran Eye Center, 65 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.

The retinal vasculature is the only neurovascular system directly visible to the human eye, easily evaluated by fundoscopy and many imaging modalities. This window allows physicians to diagnose and treat retinal pathologies and detect systemic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, hypercoagulable/hyperviscosity syndromes, and vasculitis. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common retinal vascular disease, followed by retinal vein and artery occlusion. Read More

Brain Sci 2021 Apr 25;11(5). Epub 2021 Apr 25.

Department of Neurology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, 53 Jinhwangdo-ro 61-gil, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05368, Korea.

Unruptured intracranial aneurysms have a risk of rupture, so coil embolization is widely practiced as it preserves a patent artery. There are complications of coil procedures, such as patent artery occlusion and thromboembolism, which can result in retinal artery occlusion. We report onretinal artery occlusion following coil embolization of anterior communicating artery aneurysm. Read More

Eur Surg Res 2021 Apr 29:1-7. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Department of Surgery, Radiology, and Physical Medicine, University of The Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.

Introduction: Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury occurs in pathological situations that interrupt the blood flow to the retina, such as is the case during central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). The animal models described in the literature are based on the pressure produced by the weight of a given quantity of saline elevated to a certain height; however, to establish these parameters it is necessary to perform mathematical calculations that cannot be easily redone in the case of punctual variations of intraocular pressure (IOP). The aim of this study was to present a new system that allows us to reproduce the conditions of retinal IR and thereby properly assess the level of injury in retinal histological samples. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2021 Apr 28. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Objectives: To determine the near-term risk of stroke following a retinal artery occlusion (RAO).

Methods: The risk of stroke was assessed in two manners; with a self-controlled case series (SCCS) and a propensity score (PS) matched cohort study using a US medical claims database. The date of RAO diagnosis was assigned as the index date. Read More

Exp Eye Res 2021 Apr 25;207:108601. Epub 2021 Apr 25.

Eye Clinic, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Electrical stimulation (ES) of the eye represents a therapeutic approach in various clinical applications ranging from retinal dystrophies, age-related macular degeneration, retinal artery occlusion and nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy. In clinical practice, ES of the eye is mainly performed with a transcorneal or transpalpebral approach. These procedures are non-invasive and well-tolerated by the patients, reporting only minimal and transient adverse events, while serious adverse effects were not observed. Read More

Acta Neurol Belg 2021 Apr 27. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Neurology Department, Coimbra University Hospital Centre, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal.

Nervous system (NS) affection may occur in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA), but its clinical manifestations and pathophysiology are rarely described. Our aims are to characterize central and peripheral NS (CNS/PNS) involvement and compare biological markers in EGPA patients with and without neurological manifestations. Retrospective observational study, including EGPA patients with and without neurological manifestations. Read More

Neurol Clin 2021 05 31;39(2):631-647. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, 2370 Watson Court, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA. Electronic address:

Neuro-ophthalmic emergencies include optic nerve, central visual pathway, and ocular motility disorders that, if not identified and treated promptly, may lead to permanent vision loss, other significant morbidity, or mortality. This article provides a framework for approaching patients with neuro-ophthalmic symptoms and reviews the presentation, evaluation, and treatment of select emergent conditions that can cause them. Emergent causes of blurry vision, transient vision loss, papilledema, and diplopia, including giant cell arteritis, cardioembolic disease, and aggressive infection, are discussed. Read More

Curr Eye Res 2021 Apr 30:1-6. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Ophthalmology Department, East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, East Sussex, UK.

: To report spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in cases of impending or occult central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in which a diagnosis other than CRAO was made on initial presentation.: Retrospective, observational case series of patients diagnosed with CRAO for whom on initial presentation fundal examination and OCT findings were deemed unremarkable and/or a diagnosis other than CRAO was made. OCT images from the initial presentation were then reviewed for evidence of inner retinal ischaemia. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.

J Fr Ophtalmol 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Av. Gran Vía del Este, 80, 28031 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:

Dermatol Online J 2021 Mar 15;27(3). Epub 2021 Mar 15.

Dermatology Department, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon.

Report _Case Presentation X Photo Vignette _Letter Authors declare that the contents of this article are their own original unpublished findings. Title: Cutaneous calciphylaxis of the glans penis presenting as a gangrenous ulceration Authors: Marie Danset, Cécile Lesort, Denis Jullien, Jean Kanitakis Affiliations: Dermatology Department, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France Corresponding Author: Jean Kanitakis, Department of Dermatology, Edouard Herriot Hospital Group, 69437 Lyon Cedex 03, France, Tel: 33-472110301, Email: jean.kanitakis@univ-lyon1. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2021 Apr 15:1-4. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Bapaye Eye Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.

: Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) has been associated with a high risk of thrombotic complications. Here, we report the case of a patient who developed simultaneous bilateral retinal artery occlusion following COVID-19 infection.: A 42-year-old male with no systemic co-morbidities presented with sudden, painless loss of vision in both eyes. Read More

Retina 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Neurology, Severance Stroke Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: Although moyamoya disease (MMD) primarily affects the carotid artery in the ophthalmic artery bifurcation area, retinal vascular abnormalities in MMD have rarely been reported. The purpose of this report is to describe clinical findings of patients with retinal vascular occlusion in moyamoya patients and present its clinical significance.

Methods: We reviewed and analyzed moyamoya patients with retinal vascular occlusions. Read More

F1000Res 2020 14;9:1236. Epub 2020 Oct 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Germany.

Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a severe, potentially blinding disease and a therapeutic challenge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of an integrative surgical approach to neovascular glaucoma. Retrospective analysis of a one-year follow-up of a consecutive interventional case series of NVG. Read More

J Neuroophthalmol 2021 Mar 30. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Sue Anschutz-Rodgers University of Colorado Eye Center and Departments of Ophthalmology Neurology Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO Division of Ophthalmology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD.

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Apr 2;14(4). Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

Retinal artery and vein occlusion are rare devastating complications of central nervous system (CNS) leukaemic infiltrates of the retina and its vasculature. Only a handful of reports exist wherein CNS relapse presents with retinal vascular occlusions. This is usually accompanied by optic nerve swelling and subretinal infiltrates. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 03 26;18(7). Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Siena Crosslinking Center, 53100 Siena, Italy.

Susac syndrome (SS) is a rare microangiopathy that involves arterioles of the brain, retina, and cochlea. Diagnosis is extremely difficult because of the rarity of the disease and because the signs and symptoms often occur at different times. Multidisciplinary approaches and multimodal images are mandatory for diagnosis and prompt therapy. Read More

Molecules 2021 Mar 9;26(5). Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.

Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been widely used as pharmaceutical excipients for formulation purposes for different delivery systems. Recent studies have shown that CDs are able to form complexes with a variety of biomolecules, such as cholesterol. This has subsequently paved the way for the possibility of using CDs as drugs in certain retinal diseases, such as Stargardt disease and retinal artery occlusion, where CDs could absorb cholesterol lumps. Read More

Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021 Mar 7;14(3). Epub 2021 Mar 7.

Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.

Ocular ischemia is a common cause of blindness and plays a detrimental role in various diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, occlusion of central retinal arteries, and ocular ischemic syndrome. Abnormalities of neuronal activities in the eye occur under ocular ischemic conditions. Therefore, protecting their activities may prevent vision loss. Read More

Jpn J Ophthalmol 2021 Apr 2. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku City, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan.

Purpose: To evaluate intraocular inflammation in Japanese patients with cat-scratch disease (CSD).

Study Design: Retrospective clinical chart review.

Patients And Methods: The cases of 15 consecutive patients (19 affected eyes) in Kochi Prefecture, Japan who were serologically positive for Bartonella henselae or Bartonella quintana infection in association with intraocular inflammation were reviewed. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2021 Apr 2;15(1):145. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 645 N. Michigan Ave. Suite 440, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.

Background: A central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ophthalmic emergency due to its strong association with cerebrovascular and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A timely diagnosis is necessary but difficult in the setting of dense asteroid hyalosis, as typical fundoscopic findings can be obscured. We present a case where multimodal imaging in an eye with an obscured fundus could lead to timely diagnosis and management of CRAO in a patient with acute vision loss. Read More

Neurohospitalist 2021 Apr 24;11(2):119-124. Epub 2020 Nov 24.

Mayo Clinic Department of Neurology, Rochester, MN, USA.

Background And Purpose: Few community-based studies investigating young adult strokes exist. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic yield of head and neck CTA in evaluation of anterior circulation ischemic stroke in young adults.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective review is limited to patients between the ages of 18-50 presenting to the Mayo Clinic Rochester emergency department or referred from smaller institutions in adjacent counties. Read More

Radiology 2021 Mar 30:210479. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong.

Aesthet Surg J 2021 Mar 30. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.