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Ophthalmic Genet 2022 May 16:1-7. Epub 2022 May 16.

Neuroscience Research Group NeURos, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.

Purpose: Report the case of a patient with a history of central retinal artery occlusion in her right eye and amaurosis fugax associated with acute ischemic changes in her left eye related to a prothrombin G20210A gene variant, in which OCT-A was used as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool.

Case Presentation: 55-year-old woman with a history of central retinal artery occlusion in her right eye and prothrombin gene G20210A (F2) variant diagnosis. She presented to our consultation with amaurosis fugax in her left eye. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2022 May 15;22(1):221. Epub 2022 May 15.

Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.

Background: Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm with increased hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count and leukocytosis, resulting in increased blood viscosity. PV which is initially presenting with ocular symptoms is rare, but irreversible retinal vessel occlusions leading to the diagnosis of PV have been described in literature.

Case Presentation: We describe a patient with PV, initially presenting with attacks of monocular temporary loss of vision due to intermittent retinal artery occlusions of different retinal arteries. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022 May 12;31(8):106552. Epub 2022 May 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong. Electronic address:

J Med Case Rep 2022 May 15;16(1):191. Epub 2022 May 15.

Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Ocular vascular occlusion is an extremely rare event, especially in the young population. This diagnosis is always associated with active systemic diseases in young adults and needs thrombophilia workup. Nevertheless, we present the case of a pregnant woman suffering from idiopathic combined central retinal vein and cilioretinal artery occlusion. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 May 10;15(5). Epub 2022 May 10.

Opthalmology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

We report a case of Susac syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent vaccination that presented with meningitis and retinal microembolisation in the form of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM). After presenting with headache, fever and myalgia followed by scotomata, a woman in her 50s was hospitalised for meningitis; she had had mild COVID-19 infection 2 months prior to admission, having received the first vaccine dose 1 month prior to the neurological manifestation. Eye fundus examination and optical coherence tomography were suggestive of PAMM. Read More

Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 2022 May 27;97(5):290-294. Epub 2021 Dec 27.

Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.

A 38-year-old man who attended the emergency department with headache, accompanied by vomiting, bradypsychia and gait instability, for which he was admitted to Neurology for study. During his admission, he began to present bilateral hearing loss and blurred vision in the left eye, with areas of arterial occlusion and hyperfluorescence of the arterial wall being observed in the ophthalmological examination. As a result, he was diagnosed with Susac syndrome. Read More

PLoS One 2022 5;17(5):e0267837. Epub 2022 May 5.

Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.

Objectives: Pial collateral blood flow is a major determinant of the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke. This study was undertaken to determine whether retinal vessel metrics can predict the pial collateral status and stroke outcomes in patients.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with acute stroke secondary to middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion underwent grading of their pial collateral status from computed tomography angiography and retinal vessel analysis from retinal fundus images. Read More

Clin Neuroradiol 2022 May 3. Epub 2022 May 3.

Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.

Purpose: To investigate retinal microstructure differences in central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) patients with and without visible retinal diffusion restriction (RDR) on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI).

Methods: Consecutive CRAO patients with available optical coherence tomography (OCT) and DWI, both performed within 7 days after symptom onset, were included in a retrospective cohort study. The OCT scans were reviewed to assess retinal layer thickness, optical intensity and structural integrity. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 05;70(5):1825-1827

Department of Vitreo-Retina and Ocular Oncology, Sankara Eye Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

In late 2019, we saw the emergence of a new coronavirus, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which rapidly evolved into a global pandemic. We report two cases of ocular vascular occlusion related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease. The first case is of choroidal artery occlusion, while the second case is of combined central retinal artery and vein occlusion (CRAO and CRVO). Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 05;70(5):1822-1824

Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India.

The storm of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) has not yet settled, and it has proven itself a disfiguring and potentially life-threatening disease, complicating the course of COVID-19 infection. Mucormycosis is a rare but devastating fungal infection caused by filamentous fungi of the family Mucoraceae. We report a rare case of a 37-year-old diabetic male with bilateral rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) where it leads to bilateral central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) as manifestation of the disease. Read More

Cureus 2022 Mar 25;14(3):e23476. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

Department of Ophthalmology, Venizeleio General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, GRC.

This work illustrates the case of cilioretinal artery occlusion (CilRAO) combined with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in a young patient that resolved spontaneously. A 17-year-old male with an unremarkable medical history presented with acute painless loss of vision unilaterally. Upon ophthalmologic examination, retinal hemorrhages in all four quadrants and edema extending from the optic disc to the macula were reported. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2022 22;16:1235-1244. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Purpose: To report on four cases of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) treated with intra-arterial thrombolysis with early onset neovascular glaucoma in the further disease course.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of the medical records of six consecutive patients treated with intra-arterial thrombolysis for CRAO of which four developed neovascular glaucoma.

Results: All six patients were diagnosed with acute CRAO and treated with intra-arterial thrombolysis 4. Read More

J Neurol Sci 2022 Jun 16;437:120262. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of patients with varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation involving the cranial nerves and central nervous system (CNS).

Methods: This is a retrospective, multi-center case-series of 37 patients with VZV infection affecting the cranial nerves and CNS.

Results: The median age was 71 years [IQR 51. Read More

J Neuroophthalmol 2022 Mar 14;42(1):e356. Epub 2021 Jul 14.

Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Hampshire, United Kingdom.

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022 04 26;239(4):552-555. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Retinal and Inflammatory Eye Diseases, Centre for Ophthalmic Specialized Care (COS), Clinic Montchoisi Teaching Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022 Apr 26;239(4):537-544. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

RétinElysée, Ophthalmology Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its rapid spread has resulted in unexplored clinical ophthalmological manifestations. This report aims to describe a series of retinal vascular anomalies diagnosed with the use of fluorescein angiography, following contraction of COVID-19.

History And Signs: Symptoms reported by patients were central scotoma (one case), inferior scotoma (one case), and a sensation of mild loss of vision during the COVID-19 follow-up (four cases). Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022 Apr 26;239(4):518-522. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Ocular Immunology, Hôpital ophtalmique Jules-Gonin, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.

Background: Susac syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder that involves the eyes, the brain, and the ears. It is a rare cause of recurrent branch retinal artery occlusion. The purpose of this study was to report cases of SS, highlighting the clinical presentations, therapeutic options, and their outcome. Read More

BMC Neurol 2022 Apr 25;22(1):155. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

University of South Dakota, Vermillion, USA.

Background: In this case, we reported the pseudobulbar affect (PBA) in a patient with Susac's syndrome-a rare condition that was caused by a rare syndrome. Previous case reports of Susac syndrome described psychiatric symptoms such as emotional disturbances or personality changes. Only a few case reports have reported psychiatric disorders in patients with Susac's syndrome. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022 Jun 12;26:101514. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To report novel life-threatening coronary and systemic arterial disease associated with Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysms with Supravalvular Pulmonic Stenosis (RAMSVPS) syndrome, previously known as Familial Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysms (FRAM).

Observations: A 29-years old woman with longstanding poor vision in her right eye presented with acute myocardial infarction and subclavian bruit. Her polyangiogram showed peculiar ostial coronary aneurysms, left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis, occlusion of the left subclavian artery, stenosis of both renal arteries, irregularities in the mesenteric artery and tapering of the aorta. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022 Jun 14;26:101521. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Purpose: To describe angiographic features of a case of delayed-onset retinal vascular occlusion and intraocular inflammation (IOI) following brolucizumab intravitreal injection (IVI).

Observations: A 75-year-old woman with advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) complained of persistent distorted vision despite 1 aflibercept 2-mg IVI and subsequent 1 brolucizumab 6-mg IVI. At 20 days after brolucizumab IVI, clinical examination showed no signs of IOI, her right best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Apr 18;11(8). Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 31-066 Cracow, Poland.

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an emergency state characterized by sudden, painless vision impairment. Patients with CRAO have an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including stroke, likely related to vascular endothelial damage. Therefore, we investigated flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery as a marker of endothelial dysfunction, intima-media complex thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery, pointing to the arterial wall atherosclerotic alteration, and transthoracic echocardiographic parameters in 126 consecutive CRAO patients (66 men [52. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Mar 11;101(10):e29005. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

Department of Ophthalmology, Foshan Second People's Hospital, 78 Weiguo Road, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China.

Rationale: Ocular involvements in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are not rare but extremely varied. Here we present a very meaningful case with unilateral branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) secondary to undetected SLE, for which immunotherapy showed significant effect, which led to complete resolution of macular edema.

Patient Concerns: A 31-year-old female patient, so far without any previous illnesses, presented with a sudden onset of painless diminution of vision in left eye for 5 days. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Mar 11;101(10):e27984. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

Department of the Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Rationale: Central retinal artery occlusion and branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) result in partial or complete retinal ischemia and sudden loss of vision; to date there is no effective therapy for central retinal artery occlusion and BRAO. Transluminal Nd:YAG laser embolysis (TYE) could represent a therapeutic approach for retinal vascular occlusive diseases.

Patient Concerns: We report 2 cases with BRAO, 1 with inferor-temporal and 1 with superor hemiretinal BRAO. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2022 Apr 21;16(1):167. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Background: Retinal arterial occlusive events in young patients are rare. However, because of physiological multifactorial adaptations during pregnancy, retinal vascular occlusive disease may occur spontaneously. In addition, a patent foramen ovale is a risk factor for an ischemic thromboembolic event. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Apr 20;15(4). Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India.

Congenital retinal macrovessel (CRM) is defined as a large aberrant blood vessel that traverses through the central macula. It can have large tributaries extending on both sides of the horizontal raphe. The condition is typically asymptomatic. Read More

J Neuroophthalmol 2022 Mar 24. Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong.

Ann Transl Med 2022 Mar;10(6):388

Ophthalmology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, China.

Background: Ocular siderosis (OS) is a rare severe complication arising from retained iron-containing intraocular foreign bodies. In the young male patient reported in this paper, the intraretinal diffusion and distribution of siderotic particles before and after the removal of the foreign body were observed via fundus angiography (FA).

Case Description: A 33-year-old decoration worker was diagnosed as the absolute stage of right eye glaucoma in the local hospital and was treated with cataprolol and brinzolamide eye liquid to reduce intraocular pressure. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2022 Apr 14. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU de Montpellier, 80, avenue Augustin-Fliche, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France.

J Fr Ophtalmol 2022 05 13;45(5):e224-e226. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital du 20 août 1953, CHU Ibn Rochd, 6, rue Lahssen Elaarjoun, 20250 Casablanca, Maroc.

J Neuroophthalmol 2022 Mar 23. Epub 2022 Mar 23.

Sue Anschutz-Rodgers UCHealth Eye Center and Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and, Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.