Mol Genet Metab Rep 2015 Mar 28;2:25-31. Epub 2014 Nov 28.

Centre de Référence des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Hôpital Necker, APHP, Paris, France.

Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) is a biotin-containing mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate, thereby being involved in gluconeogenesis and in energy production through replenishment of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle with oxaloacetate. PC deficiency is a very rare metabolic disorder. We report on a new patient affected by the moderate form (the American type A). Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2017 Jun 16. Epub 2017 Jun 16.

Department of Wildlife & Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, 210 Nagle Hall, 2258 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

The handheld point of care analyzer is a quick and feasible option to obtain hematology data from individuals. The iSTAT-1® was used to evaluate select venous blood analytes obtained via jugular venipuncture from 238 passerine birds from South Texas. These data were used to assess the health of birds in the area while taking into consideration life history (migratory or sedentary), locale, seasonality, sex, and age. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2017 6;5:2050313X17713149. Epub 2017 Jun 6.

Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.

Objective: We present a rare case of pernicious anemia presented as multi-organ dysfunction syndrome, later found to have pseudo-thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Methods: An 86-year-old female presented with respiratory distress, altered mental status, acute renal failure and was intubated in emergency room. She was found to have severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, high lactate, high lactate dehydrogenase and low haptoglobin. Read More

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017 Jun 14. Epub 2017 Jun 14.

Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center , Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ibaraki, Japan ;

Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), which manifest as intermittent hypercapnia and sustained plus intermittent hypercapnia, respectively. In this study, we investigated whether CO2 affects adipocyte differentiation (adipogenesis) and maturation (hypertrophy). Human visceral or subcutaneous preadipocytes were grown to confluence and then induced to differentiate to adipocytes under hypocapnia, normocapnia, and hypercapnia with or without hypoxia. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2017 22;2017:5383574. Epub 2017 May 22.

Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147 North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

Background: Postoperative acid-base imbalances, usually acidosis, frequently occur after cardiac surgery. In most cases, the human body, not suffering from any severe preexisting illnesses regarding lung, liver, and kidney, is capable of transient compensation and final correction. The aim of this study was to correlate the appearance of postoperatively occurring acidosis with renal ammonium excretion. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2017 Jun 12. Epub 2017 Jun 12.

Department of Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Chronic hepatic patients, and particularly those suffering from cirrhosis, are predisposed to different sort of water, electrolyte, acid-base, and trace elements disorders due to their altered liver function, and also to their exposition to infectious, inflammatory, oncologic, and pharmacologic variables whose combination undermines their homeostatic capability. Hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, metabolic acidosis, respiratory, and metabolic alkalosis are the main internal milieu alterations in this group. Read More

Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Jun 6. Epub 2017 Jun 6.

Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

Hypobicarbonatemia, or a reduced bicarbonate concentration in plasma, is a finding seen in 3 acid-base disorders: metabolic acidosis, chronic respiratory alkalosis and mixed metabolic acidosis and chronic respiratory alkalosis. Hypobicarbonatemia due to chronic respiratory alkalosis is often misdiagnosed as a metabolic acidosis and mistreated with the administration of alkali therapy. Proper diagnosis of the cause of hypobicarbonatemia requires integration of the laboratory values, arterial blood gas, and clinical history. Read More

PLoS One 2017 8;12(6):e0178125. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GARS; OMIM 600287) is one of thirty-seven tRNA-synthetase genes that catalyses the synthesis of glycyl-tRNA, which is required to insert glycine into proteins within the cytosol and mitochondria. To date, eighteen mutations in GARS have been reported in patients with autosomal-dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D (CMT2D; OMIM 601472), and/or distal spinal muscular atrophy type V (dSMA-V; OMIM 600794). In this study, we report a patient with clinical and biochemical features suggestive of a mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) disorder including mild left ventricular posterior wall hypertrophy, exercise intolerance, and lactic acidosis. Read More

J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2016 Oct-Dec;28(4):660-663

Department Of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University Karachi, Pakistan.

Objective: There is increasing evidence that in setting of critical ailments clinical signs lag biomarkers like Lactate and hyperlactetemia can be the only marker for this disorder. This study was conducted to describe the incidence of hyperlactatemia in critically ill children and its association with outcome.

Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of all children who had their lactic acid (LA) levels measured during their admission in PICU from January 2014 to December 2015 was done. Read More

Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017 25;12:1539-1547. Epub 2017 May 25.

Intensive Care Unit, Arras Hospital, Arras.

Background: We evaluated a new noninvasive ventilation (NIV) protocol that allows the pursuit of NIV in the case of persistent severe respiratory acidosis despite a first NIV challenge in COPD patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF).

Patients And Methods: A prospective observational multicentric pilot study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals over a 12-month study period. A total of 155 consecutive COPD patients who were admitted for AHRF and treated by NIV were enrolled. Read More

Front Neurol 2017 17;8:204. Epub 2017 May 17.

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Background: Gelsemium elegans (G. elegans) is a toxic plant indigenous to Southeast Asia. It is highly poisonous due to its strong respiratory depressive effect. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2017 May 30;13(5):2362-2374. Epub 2017 Mar 30.

Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.

Metabolic acidosis has been proved to be a risk factor for the progression of chronic kidney disease, but its relation to acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been investigated. In general, a diagnosis of metabolic acidosis is based on arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis, but the diagnostic role of carbon dioxide combining power (CO2CP) in the venous blood may also be valuable to non-respiratory patients. This retrospective study included all adult non-respiratory patients admitted consecutively to our hospital between October 01, 2014 and September 30, 2015. Read More

Reprod Domest Anim 2017 May 30. Epub 2017 May 30.

Faculty of Veterinary Science, Clinic for Large Animals, Szent István University, Üllő - Dóra major, Hungary.

The aim of this study was to develop a radiographic standard for the assessment of pulmonary fluid clearance and lung aeration in newborn calves. Caesarean-delivered mature calves (n = 9) underwent lung assessment by thoracic radiography as well as arterial and venous blood gas analysis within the first 30 min, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hr after birth. The results indicated that newborn calves delivered by elective Caesarean section suffered from a physiological combined respiratory and metabolic acidosis with the dominance of respiratory acidosis, and an improvement in these conditions was recorded within 24 hr after birth. Read More

Pediatrics 2017 May;139(5)

Divisions of Medicine Critical Care,

A 15-year-old female subject presented comatose, in respiratory failure and shock, after the intentional ingestion of ∼280 extended-release 200-mg carbamazepine tablets with a peak serum concentration of 138 µg/mL (583.74 µmol/L). The patient developed clinical seizures and an EEG pattern of stimulus-induced rhythmic, periodic, or ictal discharges, suggestive of significant cortical dysfunction. Read More

J Comp Physiol B 2017 May 25. Epub 2017 May 25.

Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78373, USA.

Ocean acidification (OA) is an impending environmental stress facing all marine life, and as such has been a topic of intense research interest in recent years. Numerous detrimental effects have been documented in marine fish, ranging from reduced mortality to neurosensory impairment, and the prevailing opinions state that these effects are largely the downstream consequences of altered blood carbon dioxide chemistry caused by respiratory acid-base disturbances. While the respiratory acid-base disturbances are consistent responses to OA across tested fish species, it is becoming increasingly clear that there is wide variability in the degree of downstream impairments between species. Read More

J Small Anim Pract 2017 May 25. Epub 2017 May 25.

Division of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Institute of Comparative Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.

A three-year-old, female neutered Weimaraner was presented with a history of neck pain and tetraparesis. MRI revealed an extradural mass at the level of C3 vertebra, which was thought to be a spinal abscess, and the dog was scheduled for surgical exploration the following morning. Overnight the dog developed an exaggerated ventilatory pattern, with paradoxical inward movement of the thorax on inspiration. Read More

World J Nephrol 2017 May;6(3):150-161

Sanjay Vikrant, Ajay Jaryal, Department of Nephrology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Himachal Pradesh, Shimla 171001, India.

Aim: To study the clinico-pathological spectrum of snake bite-induced acute kidney injury (AKI).

Methods: A retrospective study of patients admitted at Indira Gandhi Medical College Hospital, Shimla with snake bite-induced AKI from July 2003 to June 2016. Medical records were evaluated for patient's information on demographic, clinical characteristics, complications and outcome. Read More

Expert Opin Drug Saf 2017 Jun 1:1-11. Epub 2017 Jun 1.

a Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione ed Emergenza-Urgenza , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy.

Introduction: Linezolid inhibits bacterial growth by targeting bacterial ribosomes and by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis. Lactic acidosis is a rare, but potentially lethal, side effect of linezolid. Areas covered: The pathogenesis of linezolid-induced lactic acidosis is reviewed with special emphasis on aspects relevant to the recognition, prevention and treatment of the syndrome. Read More

Ann Intensive Care 2017 Dec 22;7(1):55. Epub 2017 May 22.

Réanimation pédiatrique, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69500, Bron, France.

Background: Asthma is the most common obstructive airway disease in children and adults. Nasal high flow (NHF) is a recent device that is now used as a primary support for respiratory distress. Several studies have reported use of NHF as a respiratory support in status asthmaticus; however, there are no data to recommend such practice. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2017 May;29(5):436-441

Department of Nephrology, Shuyang People's Hospital, Suqian 223600, Jiangsu, China (Ma CY); Teaching Section of Mathematics, China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China (Wang GJ). Corresponding author: Wang Guijie, Email:

Objective: To establish the standardization process of acid-base balance analysis, analyze cases of acid-base balance disorder with the aid of acid-base balance coordinate graph.

Methods: The acid-base balance theory were reviewed systematically on recent research progress, and the important concepts, definitions, formulas, parameters, regularity and inference in the analysis of acid-base balance were studied. The analysis of acid-base balance disordered processes and steps were figured. Read More

Biomed Rep 2017 05 12;6(5):487-494. Epub 2017 Apr 12.

Paulista de Medicina School, Federal University of São Paulo, Primeiro Andar CEP, São Paulo 04039-032, SP, Brazil.

The aim of the present review was to summarize and discuss previous findings concerning renal manifestations of primary mitochondrial disorders (MIDs). A literature review was performed using frequently used databases. The study identified that primary MIDs frequently present as mitochondrial multiorgan disorder syndrome (MIMODS) at onset or in the later course of the MID. Read More

Acta Paediatr 2017 May 16. Epub 2017 May 16.

Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.

Aim: Asphyxiated neonates should be resuscitated with air, but it remains unclear if oxygen supplementation is needed in ineffectively ventilated newborn infants. We studied the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) with oxygen or air in an experimental model of inadequate ventilation.

Methods: Asphyxia was induced in 16 newborn piglets until their heart rate was <60 bpm or mean arterial pressure (MAP) <30 mmHg. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2017 May 13. Epub 2017 May 13.

Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.

Electrolyte and acid-base disturbances are frequent in patients with end-stage liver disease; the underlying physiopathological mechanisms are often complex and represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the physician. Usually, these disorders do not develop in compensated cirrhotic patients, but with the onset of the classic complications of cirrhosis such as ascites, renal failure, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and variceal bleeding, multiple electrolyte, and acid-base disturbances emerge. Hyponatremia parallels ascites formation and is a well-known trigger of hepatic encephalopathy; its management in this particular population poses a risky challenge due to the high susceptibility of cirrhotic patients to osmotic demyelination. Read More

Neonatal Netw 2017 May;36(3):160-168

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) represents a challenging condition associated with significant morbidity. A successful transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life is contingent on adequate pulmonary vasodilation. Several pathophysiologies contribute to the failure of this cascade and may result in life-threatening hypoxia and acidosis in the newborn. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2017 19;21:129-131. Epub 2017 Apr 19.

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Introduction: Closed suctioning is commonly used in the context of high-setting mechanical ventilation (MV), given its ability to prevent lung volume loss that otherwise accompanies open suctioning. However, closed suctioning systems (CSS) are not equivalent regarding components and capabilities, and thus this technique may be differentially effective to adequately clear patient secretions from an endotracheal tube (ETT), which is of paramount importance when the tube size makes the ETT particularly vulnerable to block by patient secretions.

Case Presentation: A 25-year-old super morbidly obese female (body mass index = 55 kg/meter(2)) presented with worsening shortness of breath. Read More

Neuropediatrics 2017 May 8. Epub 2017 May 8.

Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Purpose To describe the clinical presentation and implications of mitochondrial DNA depletion disorder of two siblings with early fatal encephalomyopathy and a novel mutation in the RRM2B gene. The relevant literature is reviewed. Methods We describe two brothers aged 2. Read More

Case Rep Crit Care 2017 29;2017:6835471. Epub 2017 Mar 29.

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Salicylates are common substances for deliberate self-harm. Acute salicylate toxicity is classically associated with an initial respiratory alkalosis, followed by an anion gap metabolic acidosis. The respiratory alkalosis is achieved through hyperventilation, driven by direct stimulation on the respiratory centers in the medulla and considered as a compensatory mechanism to avoid acidemia. Read More

J Biol Chem 2017 Jun 30;292(24):10239-10249. Epub 2017 Apr 30.

From the Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224 and

SIRT5 is a lysine desuccinylase known to regulate mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and the urea cycle. Here, SIRT5 was observed to bind to cardiolipin via an amphipathic helix on its N terminus. In vitro, succinyl-CoA was used to succinylate liver mitochondrial membrane proteins. Read More

Sao Paulo Med J 2017 Apr 20. Epub 2017 Apr 20.

MD. Professor, Department of Chest Diseases, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Context:: Mounier-Kuhn syndrome is a rare congenital condition with distinct dilatation and diverticulation of the tracheal wall. The symptoms may vary and the treatment usually consists of support.

Case Report:: The patient was a 60-year-old male with recurrent hospital admission. Read More

Neuromuscul Disord 2017 Jun 9;27(6):581-584. Epub 2017 Mar 9.

Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital for Children and Adolescence, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency is genetically heterogenous metabolic disease with mutations in genes involved in electron transfer to the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Disease symptoms vary from severe neonatal form to late-onset presentation with metabolic acidosis, lethargy, vomiting, muscle pain and weakness. Riboflavin therapy has been shown to ameliorate diseases symptoms in some of these patients. Read More

Eurasian J Med 2017 Feb;49(1):30-35

Department of Pathology, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Haryana, India.

Objective: Malaria is a prime public health threat in developing countries like India. There is an unmet need of a simplified methodology for the purpose of triage and provision of intensive care to the severely infected patients in these areas.

Materials And Methods: We did a prospective study in patients (n=60) admitted with severe malaria in a single tertiary care center in the state of Haryana, India. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2017 Apr 2. Epub 2017 Apr 2.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center, Bronx, NY, USA.

Objectives: We sought to examine the physiological impact the apneic period has on the respiratory physiology of patients undergoing intubation in the emergency department and whether DAO, the delivery of 15L oxygen by nasal cannula during apnea, can affect the development of respiratory acidosis.

Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study conducted at an urban academic level 1 trauma center. A convenience sample of 100 patients was taken. Read More

Pneumologie 2017 Apr 13;71(4):215-220. Epub 2017 Apr 13.

ARDS und ECMO Zentrum Köln-Merheim, Lungenklinik, Abteilung Pneumologie, Intensiv- und Beatmungsmedizin, Köln.

Extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2R) is becoming an increasingly established treatment option for patients with acute severe hypercapnic respiratory failure. Technically, pumpless arterio-venous systems using the natural arterio-venous pressure gradient and also pump-driven veno-venous systems are available. Here, veno-venous ECCO2R has become the preferred technique, as settings for arterio-venous ECCO2R are restricted and side effects are more common with arterio-venous ECCO2R. Read More

J Forensic Sci 2017 Apr 13. Epub 2017 Apr 13.

Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Forensic Medicine and Criminology, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.

This study presents two cases of lethal bentazone poisonings, their clinical presentation, the course of the disease and the autopsy findings. The first is a 50-year-old male who had sprayed corn with a solution of bentazone and was admitted to the hospital with sweating, fever, nausea, vomiting of aqueous and hemorrhagic content, and bloody, watery stools. He was treated according to the symptoms including extracorporeal hemodialysis, but eventually suffered from multiorgan failure (acute respiratory failure, acute liver failure, coagulopathy, acute renal failure, metabolic acidosis, and gastrointestinal bleeding) and died 11. Read More

J Equine Sci 2017 28;28(1):27-30. Epub 2017 Mar 28.

Department of Applied Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.

Dystocia is often lethal for neonatal foals; however, its clinicopathological features remain largely unknown. We investigated the effect of dystocia on the foal blood profile. Venous blood samples were collected from 35 foals (5 Percheron and 30 crossbreds between Percheron, Belgian, and Breton heavy draft horses) at 0 hr, 1 hr, 12 hr and 1 day after birth. Read More

Sud Med Ekspert 2017;60(2):57-64

Federal state budgetary institution 'Russian Centre of Forensic Medical Expertise', Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia, 125284.

The objective of the present study was the analysis of publications in the foreign medical literature concerning the problems of safety, clinical diagnostics, pathological morphology, and treatment of the patients subjected to the impact by various models of the TASER electroshock devices. The materials for this article were borrowed from the available Internet resources and libraries. The methods of scientific analysis were employed to follow up the dynamics of publication and to determine the number of publications on the issues of interest. Read More

Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017 Apr 11. Epub 2017 Apr 11.

1Sports Science Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil; 2Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil; 3Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Australia; 4School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia; 5Human Performance Research Group, Academic Department of Physical Education, Technological Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.

Purpose: To determine the effect of pre-exercise metabolic acidosis and alkalosis on power output (PO) and aerobic and anaerobic energy expenditure during a 4-km cycling time trial (TT).

Methods: Eleven recreationally trained cyclists (VO2peak 54.1 ± 9. Read More

Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2017 Aug 8;242:73-79. Epub 2017 Apr 8.

Université Laval, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Département de Pédiatrie, Québec, QC, Canada; Molecular biology and Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia. Electronic address:

Cerebral erythropoietin (Epo) plays a crucial role for respiratory control in newborn rodents. We showed previously that soluble Epo receptor (sEpoR: an Epo antagonist) reduces basal ventilation and hypoxic hyperventilation at postnatal day 10 (P10) and in adult mice. However, at these ages (P10 and adulthood), Epo had no effect on central chemosensitivity. Read More

JAMA Neurol 2017 Jun;74(6):686-694

Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England.

Importance: YARS2 mutations have been associated with a clinical triad of myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia in predominantly Middle Eastern populations. However, the identification of new patients expands the clinical and molecular spectrum of mitochondrial disorders.

Objectives: To review the clinical, molecular, and genetic features of YARS2-related mitochondrial disease and to demonstrate a new Scottish founder variant. Read More

Heart Lung 2017 May - Jun;46(3):149-152. Epub 2017 Apr 6.

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, John H Stroger Jr Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background: Clinicians frequently assume that during arterial puncture for measuring arterial blood gases patients hyperventilate from pain and anxiety. This assumption leads clinicians to falsely interpret a PaCO2 and pH near the upper limit of normal as a chronic respiratory acidosis corrected by an acute respiratory alkalosis.

Objective: Determine if participants hyperventilate during arterial puncture from pain and anxiety. Read More

Chemosphere 2017 Aug 5;180:77-85. Epub 2017 Apr 5.

Atatürk University, Fisheries Faculty, Aquaculture Department, Erzurum, Turkey; Atatürk University, Fisheries Faculty, Aquatic Biotechnology Laboratory, Erzurum, Turkey. Electronic address:

In this study, it has been investigated that the effects of glyphosate, which is a herbicide within organophosphate and unselective widely used in agriculture on enzyme activity of carbonic anhydrase, production of reactive oxygen species, cell apoptosis and body morphology during the embryonic development of zebrafish. To this end, it has been treated embryo with 1, 5, 10 and 100 mg/L gyphosate at 96 h. The embryos treated with glyphosate from 4 hpf were evaluated by considering the survival rates, hatching rates, body malformations under the stereo microscope in 24, 48, 72 and 96th hours. Read More

Intensive Care Med Exp 2017 Dec 7;5(1):20. Epub 2017 Apr 7.

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Background: Critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease often develop hypercapnia and require mechanical ventilation. Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal can manage hypercarbia by removing carbon dioxide directly from the bloodstream. Respiratory hemodialysis uses traditional hemodialysis to remove CO2 from the blood, mainly as bicarbonate. Read More

Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017 Apr 6:ajplung.00524.2016. Epub 2017 Apr 6.

Dartmouth Medical School

Bacterial infection can lead to acidosis of the local microenvironment. While this is believed to exacerbate disease pathogenesis, the mechanisms by which changes in pH alter disease progression are poorly understood. In this report we test the hypothesis that acidosis enhances respiratory epithelial cell death in response to infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Read More

Sci Rep 2017 Apr 5;7:45680. Epub 2017 Apr 5.

University of Texas at Austin, University of Texas Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA.

Anthropogenic CO2 is expected to drive ocean pCO2 above 1,000 μatm by 2100 - inducing respiratory acidosis in fish that must be corrected through branchial ion transport. This study examined the time course and plasticity of branchial metabolic compensation in response to varying levels of CO2 in an estuarine fish, the red drum, which regularly encounters elevated CO2 and may therefore have intrinsic resilience. Under control conditions fish exhibited net base excretion; however, CO2 exposure resulted in a dose dependent increase in acid excretion during the initial 2 h. Read More

Diabet Med 2017 Jul;34(7):1005-1008

Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.

Background: Type 4 renal tubular acidosis causes hyperkalaemia, for which diabetes and medications commonly used in this patient group are aetiological factors. Here we describe the novel use of fludrocortisone in this difficult condition.

Case Report: A 55-year-old woman with complex co-morbidities, including Type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 37 mmol/mol 5. Read More

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2017 Apr 3. Epub 2017 Apr 3.

Mater Mothers' Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Background: To characterise maternal demographics and ascertain whether clinically important differences exist in the intrapartum and neonatal outcomes associated with assisted reproductive technology (ART).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken between January 2007 and December 2013 of all singleton pregnancies conceived via ART at a major tertiary unit in Brisbane, Australia. Intrapartum outcomes were mode of delivery and indication for emergency caesarean. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2017 Apr 3;6(4). Epub 2017 Apr 3.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

Background: We have identified the cardiomyopathy-susceptibility gene vinculin (VCL) mutation M94I may account for a sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome (SUNDS) case. We addressed whether VCL common variant D841H is associated with SUNDS.

Methods And Results: In 8 of 120 SUNDS cases, we detected an East Asian common VCL variant p. Read More

Korean J Anesthesiol 2017 Apr 25;70(2):213-216. Epub 2016 Oct 25.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yeungnam University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

Severe hypercapnia can be predicted by a decrease in cerebral electrical activity. The authors describe a sudden decrease in spectral entropy due to severe hypercapnia-induced respiratory acidosis in a patient with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease during lung resection. After two and a half hours of low tidal volume ventilation in the lateral position, the state entropy suddenly dropped from 45 to 7, without any changes in the effect-site concentration of propofol, end-tidal carbon dioxide (CO2) tension, oxygen saturation, or arterial pressure. Read More

J Am Vet Med Assoc 2017 Apr;250(8):909-917

OBJECTIVE To compare physiologic and anesthetic effects of alfaxalone administered IV to yearling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) at 3 different doses. DESIGN Randomized crossover study. ANIMALS 9 healthy yearling loggerhead sea turtles. Read More