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Urology 2021 Jun 1. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Aix-Marseille University, APHM, Conception University Hospital, Dept. of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, Marseille, France. Electronic address:

Objectives: To report the outcomes and feasibility of active surveillance (AS) of biopsy-proven renal oncocytomas.

Methods: Multicentric retrospective study (2010-2016) in 6 academic centers that included patients with biopsy-proven renal oncocytomas who were allocated to AS (imperative or elective indication) with a follow-up ≥ 1 year. Imaging was performed at least once a year, by CT-scan or ultrasound or MRI. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021 07 12;46(7):3309-3316. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.

Purpose: To evaluate the ability of inferior vena cava-lesion-attenuation-difference (ILAD) and lesion-cortex-attenuation-ratio (LCAR) to differentiate renal oncocytomas (RO) from chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (chRCC).

Methods: Retrospective study with analysis of 84 cases of chRCC and 30 cases of RO confirmed by surgical pathology. ILAD was calculated by measuring the difference in Hounsfield units (HU) between the inferior vena cava and the lesion of interest on the same image slice on preoperative CT scan. Read More

Acta Radiol 2021 Jan 26:284185120988109. Epub 2021 Jan 26.

Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China.

Background: Renal oncocytoma (RO) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) have a common cellular origin and different clinical management and prognosis.

Purpose: To explore the utility of computed tomography (CT) in the differentiation of RO and chRCC.

Material And Methods: Twenty-five patients with RO and 73 patients with chRCC presenting with the central scar were included retrospectively. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2021 Jan 8;57(1). Epub 2021 Jan 8.

Radiology Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.

The detection of a renal mass is a relatively frequent occurrence in the daily practice of any Radiology Department. The diagnostic approaches depend on whether the lesion is cystic or solid. Cystic lesions can be managed using the Bosniak classification, while management of solid lesions depends on whether the lesion is well-defined or infiltrative. Read More

Cancer Imaging 2021 Jan 7;21(1). Epub 2021 Jan 7.

Department of Medical Imaging, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, No 98 West Nantong Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China.

Background: Benign and malignant renal tumors share similar some imaging findings.

Methods: Sixty-six patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC), 13 patients with renal angiomyolipoma with minimal fat (RAMF) and 7 patients with renal oncocytoma (RO) were examined. For diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), respiratory triggered echo-planar imaging sequences were acquired in axial plane (3 b-values: 0, 500, 1000s/mm). Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2020 Nov 19;56(11). Epub 2020 Nov 19.

Department of Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.

Background: The present study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for discriminating between benign and malignant solid renal masses.

Methods: 18 patients with histopathologically confirmed benign solid renal masses (11 oncocytomas, seven angiomyolipomas) as well as 96 patients with confirmed renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who underwent CEUS followed by radical or partial nephrectomy were included in this single-center study. CEUS examinations were performed by an experienced radiologist (EFSUMB Level 3) and included the application of a second-generation contrast agent. Read More

Oncotarget 2020 Nov 3;11(44):3998-4015. Epub 2020 Nov 3.

Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

Pathology differentiation of renal cancer types is challenging due to tissue similarities or overlapping histological features of various tumor (sub) types. As assessment is often manually conducted outcomes can be prone to human error and therefore require high-level expertise and experience. Mass spectrometry can provide detailed histo-molecular information on tissue and is becoming increasingly popular in clinical settings. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021 05 2;46(5):2052-2063. Epub 2020 Nov 2.

Department of Medical Imaging Research Office, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Purpose: Differentiating renal tumours into grades and tumour subtype from medical imaging is important for patient management; however, there is an element of subjectivity when performed qualitatively. Quantitative analysis such as radiomics may provide a more objective approach. The purpose of this article is to systematically review the literature on computed tomography (CT) radiomics for grading and differentiating renal tumour subtypes. Read More

J Cancer 2020 21;11(20):6081-6089. Epub 2020 Aug 21.

Department Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.

While subtyping of the majority of malignant chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (cRCC) and benign renal oncocytoma (rO) is possible on morphology alone, additional histochemical, immunohistochemical or molecular investigations are required in a subset of cases. As currently used histochemical and immunohistological stains as well as genetic aberrations show considerable overlap in both tumors, additional techniques are required for differential diagnostics. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) combining the detection of multiple peptides with information about their localization in tissue may be a suitable technology to overcome this diagnostic challenge. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2020 Oct;45(10):765-770

From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the value of dual-phase Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant enhancing solid renal tumors.

Patients And Methods: Totally, 180 patients were imaged with dual-phase Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT, which was performed 30 minutes and 90 minutes after Tc-MIBI administration. Among them, 147 patients with 148 histologically proved solid renal tumors met the selection criteria and were included for the final analysis. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2020 Sep 10;15(9):1579-1583. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

St. Vincent's Medical Center, Bridgeport, CT, USA.

Chyluria is a rare entity which is caused by abnormal communication between the lymphatic system and the urinary tract, which allows the passage of chyle into the urine. Whenever symptomatic, chyluria presents with lower urinary tract symptoms such as dysuria and hematuria. Multiple imaging modalities can aid in diagnosis such as lymphoscintigraphy, retrograde pyelography, CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis, and magnetic resonance imaging. Read More

Radiol Med 2020 Dec 8;125(12):1280-1287. Epub 2020 May 8.

Section of Radiology, Unit of Surgical Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Purpose: We investigate the use of ratio of lesion to cortex (L/C) attenuation and aorta-lesion attenuation difference (ALAD) on multiphase contrast-enhanced CT to help distinguish oncocytoma from clear cell RCC in small renal masses (diameter < 4 cm).

Methods: We retrospectively identified 76 patients that undergo CT before surgery for a suspicious small renal mass between January 2014 and December 2018 with pathological diagnosis of 21 oncocytomas (ROs), 25 clear cell RCCs, 7 chromophobe RCCs, 7 papillary RCCs, 7 multilocular cystic RCCs, 7 angiomyolipomas and 2 leiomyomas. CT attenuation values were obtained for the tumor, the normal renal cortex and the aorta, placing a circular region of interest (ROI) in the same slice by two radiologists, independently. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 Apr 29;12(5). Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany.

The Warthin tumor represents the second most frequent benign tumor of the parotid gland and is characterized by the presence of oncocytes rich in structurally and functionally altered mitochondria. Next to its role in metabolism, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is also implicated in cellular mitophagy. Immunohistochemistry was carried out on Warthin tumor and normal control (parotid gland with striated ducts) tissues, using anti-GAPDH specific antibodies followed by digital image analysis. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020 08;45(8):2532-2541

Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, 2B2.41 WMC, 8440-112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada.

Purpose: The primary objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT for detecting renal oncocytoma versus (1) all other renal lesions and (2) chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChrRCC) alone.

Methods: A systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and the Gray Literature was performed. Original articles with > 5 patients evaluating oncocytomas versus other renal lesions with SPECT/CT using a pathological reference standard were included. Read More

Scand J Urol 2020 Apr 12;54(2):135-140. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Department of Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich - Grosshadern Campus, Munich, Germany.

The aim of the present retrospective single-center study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the evaluation of renal oncocytoma. Thirteen patients with histopathologically confirmed renal oncocytoma and 26 patients with histopathologically confirmed renal cell carcinoma were included in this retrospective single-center study on whom CEUS was performed between 2005 and 2015. The applied contrast agent was a second-generation blood pool agent. Read More

Asian J Surg 2020 Apr 14;43(4):571-572. Epub 2020 Jan 14.

Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China. Electronic address:

BJU Int 2020 04 6;125(4):553-560. Epub 2020 Feb 6.

Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.

Objectives: To develop and evaluate the feasibility of an objective method using artificial intelligence (AI) and image processing in a semi-automated fashion for tumour-to-cortex peak early-phase enhancement ratio (PEER) in order to differentiate CD117(+) oncocytoma from the chromophobe subtype of renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on computed tomography imaging.

Methods: The CNN was trained and validated to identify the kidney + tumour areas in images from 192 patients. The tumour type was differentiated through automated measurement of PEER after manual segmentation of tumours. Read More

Scand J Urol 2020 Feb 23;54(1):27-32. Epub 2019 Dec 23.

Department of Urology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

To examine how a multidisciplinary team approach incorporating renal mass biopsy (RMB) into decision making changes the management strategy. A multidisciplinary team comprised of a radiology proceduralist, a pathologist and urologists convened monthly for renal mass conference with a structured presentation of patient demographics, co-mborbidities, tumor pathology, laboratory and radiographic features. Biopsy protocol was standardized to an 18-gauge core needle biopsy using a sheathed apparatus under renal ultrasound guidance. Read More

Cancer Res 2020 02 16;80(4):689-698. Epub 2019 Dec 16.

Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.

Precise diagnosis and subtyping of kidney tumors are imperative to optimize and personalize treatment decision for patients. Patients with the most common benign renal tumor, renal oncocytomas, may be overtreated with surgical resection because of limited preoperative diagnostic methods that can accurately identify the benign condition with certainty. In this study, desorption electrospray ionization (DESI)-mass spectrometry (MS) imaging was applied to study the metabolic and lipid profiles of various types of renal tissues, including normal kidney, renal oncocytoma, and renal cell carcinomas (RCC). Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020 10;45(10):3193-3201

Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, China.

Purpose: To explore the value of CT-enhanced quantitative features combined with machine learning for differential diagnosis of renal chromophobe cell carcinoma (chRCC) and renal oncocytoma (RO).

Methods: Sixty-one cases of renal tumors (chRCC = 44; RO = 17) that were pathologically confirmed at our hospital between 2008 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had undergone preoperative enhanced CT scans including the corticomedullary (CMP), nephrographic (NP), and excretory phases (EP) of contrast enhancement. Read More

Case Rep Urol 2019 8;2019:6016870. Epub 2019 Aug 8.

Spectrum Health, Department of Urology, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.

A 59-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and a palpable abdominal mass. Initial imaging revealed a 14cm solid, enhancing renal mass and suspicion for liver and bone metastases. Family history included a brother with clear cell renal cell carcinoma and mother with glioblastoma multiforme. Read More

J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019 Oct 27;30(10):1658-1660. Epub 2019 Aug 27.

Department of Radiology, Sentara Norfolk General Hospital, Norfolk, Virginia.

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019 05;44(5):1942-1943

Section of Radiological Sciences, Di.Bi.Med., University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 127, 90127, Palermo, Italy.

Diagn Interv Radiol 2019 Jan;25(1):5-13

Department of Radiology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, including signal intensities, enhancement patterns and T2 signal intensity ratios to differentiate oncocytoma from chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods: This retrospective study included 17 patients with oncocytoma and 33 patients with chromophobe RCC who underwent dynamic MRI. Two radiologists independently reviewed images blinded to pathology. Read More

Keio J Med 2019 Jun 23;68(2):39-41. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Departments of Uro-Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan.

Renal oncocytoma is generally regarded as a benign renal tumor. We herein report a case of large renal oncocytoma with renal venous tumor thrombus. The patient may need to be carefully followed up because hematogenous metastasis may occur. Read More

World J Urol 2019 Jul 15;37(7):1339-1346. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.

Purpose: To prospectively characterize computed tomography (CT)-indeterminate renal masses (CTIRM) using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and to correlate quantitative imaging findings with histopathology or interim follow-up (FU).

Methods: 123 patients with CTIRM (longest diameter < 4 cm) underwent ARFI and CEUS with CT image fusion (IF). Exclusion criteria included all contraindications for CEUS and IF. Read More

Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018 12 21;16(6):e1083-e1085. Epub 2018 Jul 21.

The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Electronic address:

Urol Clin North Am 2018 Aug 15;45(3):311-330. Epub 2018 Jun 15.

Department of Radiology; UT Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Road, Suite 210, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Electronic address:

The increase in serendipitous detection of solid renal masses on imaging has not resulted in a reduction in mortality from renal cell carcinoma. Consequently, efforts for improved lesion characterization have been pursued and incorporated into management algorithms for distinguishing clinically significant tumors from those with favorable histology or benign conditions. Although diagnostic imaging strategies have evolved for optimized lesion detection, distinction between benign tumors and both indolent and aggressive malignant neoplasms remain an important diagnostic challenge. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2018 Aug 9;13(4):909-913. Epub 2018 Jul 9.

Department of Radiology, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Ectopic thyroid gland is a developmental anomaly that results from the arrest of thyroid tissue along its path of descent from the floor of mouth to the pre tracheal position in the lower neck. It is typically found along the thyroglossal duct with the base of the tongue being the most common site. Apart from mediastinal extension of goiter, the incidence of true intrathoracic ectopic thyroid tissue is rare. Read More

World J Surg Oncol 2018 Jul 2;16(1):123. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Department for the Treatment and Study of Abdominal Diseases and Abdominal Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico - Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), UPMC (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center) Italy, Via E. Tricomi 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy.

Background: The ethical implications of the utilization of kidneys with solid renal masses (SRMs) in transplantation are the subject of lively debate in the transplantation community and beyond. One of such implications is that as the life expectancy of renal transplant patients improve, the prevalence of SRMs in donors is likely to increase. We report a case of an oncocytoma in a renal allograft complicating a deceased-donor kidney transplant. Read More