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J Oncol Pharm Pract 2021 Jun 4:10781552211021485. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Oncology Department, Son Llàtzer Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Everolimus is an immunosuppressant agent used in organ transplantation and, more recently, in cancer therapy. It has demonstrated beneficial effects in breast cancer, renal cancer, and neuroendocrine tumours. However, the treatment is not without side effects, some of which are still little known. Read More

Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 2021 May;41(5):563-9

Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of TCM, Nanchang 330006.

Objective: A network Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) of 4 commonly used acupuncture therapies (electroacupuncture, fire needling, warming acupuncture and filiform needling) for shoulder hand syndrome (SHS) after stroke was performed.

Methods: The RCTs regarding electroacupuncture, fire needling, warming acupuncture and filiform needling for SHS after stroke before March 10, 2020 were searched in databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase and Cochrane Library. The included literature was screened and evaluated by Cochrane bias risk assessment tool, and the data analysis was performed by RevMan5. Read More

Diving Hyperb Med 2021 Mar;51(1):107-110

Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC; JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.

A broad spectrum of conditions including neuropathic pain, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and fibromyalgia, have been implicated as causes of chronic pain. There is a need for new and effective treatments that patients can tolerate without significant adverse effects. One potential intervention is hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT). Read More

Cureus 2020 Dec 25;12(12):e12280. Epub 2020 Dec 25.

Surgery, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), formerly known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome, is a rare chronic neuro-inflammatory pain condition, which can follow a soft-tissue, bone (type I), or nerve injury (type II) that can be severe and often lasts longer than the original tissue damage. Lipomas impinging on the brachial plexus are rare. To date, there have been no documented cases of CRPS caused by a benign tumor. Read More

J Transl Autoimmun 2021 24;4:100080. Epub 2020 Dec 24.

Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) purports to explain extremity pain accompanied by a variety of subjective complaints, including sensitivity to touch, fatigue, burning sensations, allodynia and signs consistent with voluntary immobilization, including skin changes, edema and trophic changes. By its own definition, CRPS pain is disproportionate to any inciting event or underlying pathology, which means that the syndrome describes non-anatomic and exaggerated symptoms. Although CRPS was coined in the early 1990s, physicians have described unexplained exaggerated pain for centuries. Read More

Int Orthop 2021 05 12;45(5):1155-1162. Epub 2021 Jan 12.

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Centre Hospitalier EpiCURA, Sites Hornu/Baudour, Hainaut, Belgium.

Purpose: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I, formerly known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) or algodystrophy, is a condition with chronic pain condition following a trauma or surgery. The physiopathology of this syndrome remained incompletely known. Due to the lack of effective curative treatment, prevention of this complication is important. Read More

Anesth Prog 2020 12;67(4):219-225

Director, Dental Anesthesiology Residency Program, Jacobi Medical Center Bronx, New York.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a potentially debilitating form of neuropathic pain that may manifest following a traumatic injury or surgery. CRPS is also known as algodystrophy, causalgia, or reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). Patients describe unbearable burning pain from nonnociceptive stimuli, such as when taking a shower or brushing against another object. Read More

Children (Basel) 2020 Nov 20;7(11). Epub 2020 Nov 20.

Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Section of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Surgery, AOU Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is characterized by chronic, spontaneous and provoked pain of the distal extremities whose severity is disproportionate to the triggering event. Diagnosis and treatment are still debated and multidisciplinary. The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the available literature to provide an update on the latest evidence related to the treatment of CRPS in growing age. Read More

Neuromodulation 2020 Oct 24. Epub 2020 Oct 24.

Department of Pain Management, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Introduction: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), formerly known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD), is a difficult to treat condition characterized by debilitating pain and limitations in functional ability. Neuromodulation, in the form of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), have been traditionally used as a treatment for CRPS with variable success.

Objective: This chart review describes the use of implantable PNS systems in the treatment of CRPS of the upper and lower extremities spanning nearly three decades. Read More

Pain Pract 2021 Mar 31;21(3):308-315. Epub 2020 Oct 31.

Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Background: The tourniquet ischemia test (IT) is a hitherto rarely used tool for the diagnostic work-up of patients with suspected complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). This analysis aims to determine the sensitivity and specificity of this test, and elucidate factors that can influence the test result.

Methods: Consecutive data on clinical presentation, results of the IT and other diagnostic tests, and clinical characteristics were analyzed from patients presenting at our autonomic laboratory between 2000 and 2011. Read More

J Rehabil Med 2020 10 29;52(10):jrm00117. Epub 2020 Oct 29.

Missing (Letter). Read More

Neurol Sci 2021 Mar 16;42(3):1123-1126. Epub 2020 Oct 16.

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Elizabeth Bruyère Hospital, 43 Bruyère St, ON, K1N 5C8, Ottawa, Canada.

Background: Current management options for pain in stroke patients with the shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) are limited and often ineffective. The use of peripheral nerve blocking in SHS has been limited due to concerns of hyperalgesia and allodynia in these patients. This study assessed the tolerability of suprascapular nerve (SSN) and median nerve blocks for acute control of pain in patients with post-stroke SHS. Read More

NeuroRehabilitation 2020 ;47(3):253-264

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a complex disorder that can have a significant impact on the quality of life of a person with this syndrome. The diagnosis and treatment of CRPS are often difficult as there is no one confirmatory test and no one definitive treatment. Currently, the most widely accepted clinical diagnostic criteria are the Budapest criteria, which were developed by expert consensus. Read More

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2020 Sep;26(5):818-825

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences, Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Ankara-Turkey.

Background: In the existing classifications, no importance is given to dislocations accompanying ankle fractures. The present study aims to investigate differences in injury mechanisms of ankle fractures with concomitant dislocation injury in respect of functional outcomes and complications.

Methods: A retrospective evaluation was carried out of 285 patients who underwent surgery in our clinic for an ankle fracture between January 2012 and December 2018. Read More

Cureus 2020 Aug 1;12(8):e9510. Epub 2020 Aug 1.

Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic neuropathic pain condition that is often overlooked by clinicians and typically occurs within an entire limb. There is considerable clinical variability in presentation among patients with CRPS. We report a case of extremely focal CRPS localized to the left small finger (LSF) following crush injury. Read More

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2020 Aug;45(8):657-61

School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029.

Objective: To compare the differences in the clinical effect on post-stroke shoulder hand syndrome (SHS) stage Ⅰ between the along-meridian trochar acupuncture therapy and the routine acupuncture therapy with filiform needles.

Methods: A total of 80 patients with post-stroke SHS stage I were divided into a treatment group (41 cases) and a control group (39 cases) according to the random number table. In the control group, the common filiform needles were used to stimulate Jianyu (LI15), Jianliao (TE14), Jianzhen (SI9), Jianzhongshu (SI15), Jianwaishu (SI14), 5 times a week, 3 weeks as 1 course. Read More

Pain 2021 02;162(2):471-489

Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.

Abstract: Initial evidence suggested that people with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) have reduced attention to the affected side of their body and the surrounding space, which might be related to pain and other clinical symptoms. Three previous unblinded, uncontrolled studies showed pain relief after treatment with prism adaptation, an intervention that has been used to counter lateralised attention bias in brain-lesioned patients. To provide a robust test of its effectiveness for CRPS, we conducted a double-blind randomized controlled trial of prism adaptation for unilateral upper-limb CRPS-I. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2020 Dec 5;41(12):1546-1552. Epub 2020 Aug 5.

Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.

Background: The anterior talofibular ligament and the calcaneofibular ligament are 2 of the most frequently injured structures in sports, being damaged in 30% to 45% of all sports injuries. Most reconstructive procedures are successful but can deteriorate with time and can lead to low-grade radiographic degeneration.

Methods: We operated on 26 consecutive patients from 2001 to 2008 who had failed previous surgical procedures for the lateral ligamentous complex of the ankle, with an average of 104 (range, 75-140) months. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jul;99(27):e20664

School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Background: Post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome (PSSHS) is one of the most common sequelae in patients with stroke. Previous studies have reported that extracorporeal shock wave (EPSW) has been used to treat this condition effectively. However, its conclusions are still inconsistent. Read More

Zhongguo Gu Shang 2020 Jun;33(6):540-5

Department of Traumatology, Sichuan Orthopedics Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.

Objective: To observe the clinical effects of zheng's massage combined with electroacupuncture in the treatment ofreflex sensory dystrophy syndrome of the wrist.

Methods: From October 2016 to September 2018, 48 cases of reflex sensory dystrophy syndrome of the wrist were divided into the observation group and the control group. In the observation group, there were 24 cases, including 10 males and 14 females, ranging in age from 54 to 76 years old, with an average age of (61. Read More

Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2020 Jul;54(4):364-371

Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the functional outcomes of the surgical treatment performed with a buttress plate for the trochlear and distal capitellum fractures with posterior extension in the humerus.

Methods: The data belonging to 6 female and 4 male patients with a mean age of 43.8±11. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jun;99(23):e20527

Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin, China.

Background: Shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) is a common complication in post-stroke patients. SHS has a large impact on patients and their families, communities, healthcare systems and businesses throughout the world. Non-pharmaceutical therapy for post-stroke SHS is the most common treatment in clinical practice, but their effectiveness is still unclear. Read More

Eur J Transl Myol 2020 Apr 1;30(1):8643. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is often diagnosed in patients who are recovered with surgery or injury. CRPS is usually diagnosed in patients recovering from distal radius fractures. The aim of study was the effects of aspirin in prevention of the complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) following a fracture of distal radius. Read More

J Neuroinflammation 2020 May 23;17(1):162. Epub 2020 May 23.

Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China.

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome type-I (CRPS-I) is a progressive and devastating pain condition. The mechanisms of CRPS-I still remain poorly understood. We aim to explore expression profiles of genes relevant to pain and neuroinflammation mechanisms involved in CRPS-I. Read More

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2020 May;26(3):425-430

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul-Turkey.

Background: Distal tibial epiphyseal fractures damage to epiphyseal growth plate. Epiphyseal growth arrest (EGA), reflex sympathetic dystrophy and ankle joint stiffness may also occur after distal tibial epiphyseal injury. This study aims to evaluate the role of trauma mechanism, fracture pattern and fixation technique on clinical outcomes and EGA in the surgically treated distal tibial epiphyseal fractures. Read More

Cortex 2020 06 13;127:248-268. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.

There is some evidence that people with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) show reduced attention to the affected relative to unaffected limb and its surrounding space, resembling hemispatial neglect after brain injury. These neuropsychological symptoms could be related to central mechanisms of pathological pain and contribute to its clinical manifestation. However, the existing evidence of changes in spatial cognition is limited and often inconsistent. Read More

Lasers Surg Med 2020 11 22;52(9):890-896. Epub 2020 Mar 22.

Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (LARAL/UFSC), Rua Pedro João Pereira, 150, Araranguá, Santa Catarina, CEP 88905-120, Brazil.

Background And Objectives: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is defined as an extreme and chronic pain condition, and photobiomodulation has relevance as a complementary treatment for CRPS. The objective of this study was to verify the effects of photobiomodulation (PBMT) therapy protocols at two wavelengths 660 and 830 nm, associated or not to nicotine in complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS-I).

Study Design/materials And Methods: Sixty-four Swiss mice were divided into the following groups: (i) Naive, (ii) Sham, (iii) Control, (iv) 660 nm, (v) 830 nm, (vii) Nicotine, (vii) Nicotine/660 nm, and (viii) Nicotine/830 nm. Read More

Mediterr J Rheumatol 2019 Mar 28;30(1):16-25. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a perplexing painful syndrome of the extremities usually following a harmful event. It is distinguished in two types, mainly depending on the presence of nerve injury. Although its prevalence may vary depending on social and ethnic factors, middle-aged women seem to suffer most often and the upper limb is the most commonly affected extremity. Read More

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2020 Feb;45(2):152-6

Institute of Chinese Medicine History and Literature, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700.

Objective: To observe the effect contralateral needling of in improving pain, edema and limb dysfunction in stroke patients with shoulder-hand syndrome.

Methods: A total of 62 patients with post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome were divided into a control group and an observation group, 31 cases in each one. The routine treatment with internal medicine and rehabilitation manipulation was adopted in the two groups. Read More

Neurol Sci 2020 Jul 5;41(7):1919-1921. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Division of Neurology and Neurophysiopathology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.

Besides the prominent motor syndrome, some patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) complain of many non-motor symptoms during the disease course, in particular chronic pain that significantly reduces the patients' quality of life. Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a rare painful condition, rarely described in ALS patients. We present the clinical case of a patient affected by spinal-onset ALS, who developed a type I CRPS (CRPS-I) at the upper limbs. Read More