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Clin Transl Oncol 2019 Apr 20. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

The Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 82, Cuiying Gate, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.

Background: Miles procedure is often necessary for patients with low rectal carcinoma. However, this operation often affects the quality of life of patients, to evaluate the advantages of improved operation (anal reconstruction), the quality of life and survival between patients undergoing anal reconstruction and patients undergoing traditional lower abdominal stoma after radical resection were analyzed.

Methods: The clinical data of 43 patients with low situated rectal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol 2019 Apr 18;60:134-140. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda and Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) overall incidence has been decreasing in the last decade. However, there is evidence of an increasing frequency of early-onset CRC in young individuals in several countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the trends of CRC occurrence over 17 years in the municipality of Milan, Italy, focusing on early-onset CRC. Read More

Radiother Oncol 2019 May 26;134:199-203. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Japan Clinical Cancer Research Organization, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: The study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adding oxaliplatin to py (CRT) with S-1 in patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma (LARC). We report here the final results of the study.

Patients And Methods: Patients with histopathologically confirmed LARC (cT3-T4, any N) were eligible. Read More

Radiother Oncol 2019 May 7;134:110-118. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Radiation Oncology Department, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.

Background And Purpose: Capecitabine-based radiochemotherapy (cbRCT) is standard for preoperative long-course radiochemotherapy of locally advanced rectal cancer. This prospective, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial investigated two intensification regimens. cT4 lesions were excluded. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2019 May 25;114:92-98. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Department of Radiology, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate which clinical and radiological characteristics can predict clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in PI-RADS 3 lesions. To investigate which clinical and radiological characteristics influence the clinician to biopsy a PI-RADS 3 lesion.

Materials And Methods: mpMRI PI-RADS 3 lesions scored by 1 out of 3 highly specialized radiologists in a single high-volume center during the period March 2015 to August 2017 were investigated. Read More

Gastrointest Endosc 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Gastrointestinal Health Technology Assessment Group, The Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Backgrounds And Aims: EUS and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are both used for locoregional staging of rectal cancer, which determines treatment options. There is a lack of consensus on the best modality for locoregional staging, with studies supporting both EUS and MRI. In this study, we performed the first diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis to compare the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of EUS and MRI in the staging of rectal cancer. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Division of Radiology 2, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy.

Purpose: To determine the added value of qualitative and quantitative evaluation of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) restaging after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (CRT).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed of 21 patients with LARC treated with CRT. All patients were evaluated with 1. Read More

Clin Genitourin Cancer 2019 Mar 27. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: The objective of the study was to identify a subset of men who can avoid systematic multisite biopsy (SyB) among those undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted transperineal 4-core biopsy (TgB) without missing clinically significant cancer (SC).

Patients And Methods: From April 2013 to December 2017, 304 men with elevated prostate-specific antigen levels (< 20 ng/mL) or abnormal digital rectal examination and positive MRI findings underwent transrecta ultrasound and MRI-targeted transperineal 4-core with 14-core systematic biopsy. MRI findings were prospectively collected and evaluated using Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADS), and scores ≥3 were considered positive. Read More

Eur J Surg Oncol 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Background: Decreased cancer specific survival in older colorectal patients is mainly due to mortality in the first year, emphasizing the importance of the first postoperative year. This study aims to gain an overview and time trends of short-term mortality in octogenarians (≥80 years) with colorectal cancer across four North European countries.

Methods: Patients of 80 years or older, operated for colorectal cancer (stage I-III) between 2005 and 2014, were included. Read More

Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Chirurgie Cancérologique Gynécologique et du Sein, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, INSERM UMR-S 747, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France. Electronic address:

Objectives: Lynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary predisposition to cancers, first of all, colo-rectal and endometrial cancers in women. Although recommended, gynecologic screening has never proven its benefit. Prophylactic surgery can be consider once the parental project is completed. Read More

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Sunnybrook Odette Centre; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto. Electronic address:

Purpose: HDR brachytherapy boost plus external beam radiotherapy is an established option for intermediate risk prostate cancer (PCa). SBRT boost can potentially mimic HDR boost, and could be a viable alternative. Here we report the long-term outcomes of a phase I dose-escalation trial of single-fraction SBRT boost. Read More

Front Oncol 2019 2;9:217. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.

To report feasibility, early toxicity, and PSA kinetics following gantry-based, stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) boost within a prospective, phase 2, multicenter study (PROMETHEUS: ACTRN12615000223538). Patients were treated with gantry-based SBRT, 19-20 Gy in two fractions delivered 1 week apart, followed by conventionally fractionated IMRT (46 Gy in 23 fractions). The study mandated MRI fusion for RT planning, rectal displacement, and intrafraction image guidance. Read More

Int J Colorectal Dis 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare high inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) ligation (HL) with low IMA ligation (LL) for the treatment of colorectal cancer and to evaluate the lymph node yield, survival benefit, and safety of these surgeries.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) were systematically searched for relevant articles that compared HL and LL for sigmoid or rectal cancer. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dichotomous outcomes and the weighted mean difference (WMD) for continuous outcomes. Read More

Int J Colorectal Dis 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea.

Purpose: Despite a high incidence of fecal incontinence following sphincter-preservation surgery (SPS), there are no definitive factors measured before ileostomy reversal that predict fecal incontinence. We investigated whether vector volume anorectal manometry before ileostomy reversal predicts major fecal incontinence following SPS in patients with mid or low rectal cancer.

Methods: This longitudinal prospective cohort study comprised 173 patients who underwent vector volume anorectal manometry before ileostomy reversal. Read More

Oncologist 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Division of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019 Apr 17:1-9. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

3 Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.

The purpose of this study is to review the unique clinical and imaging features of mucin-containing rectal carcinomas. Mucinous rectal carcinoma is an uncommon tumor subtype with a worse prognosis. At MRI, it is marked by T2-hyperintense extracellular mucin. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019 Apr 17:1-9. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

1 Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang Rd W, Guangzhou 510120, China.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of quantitative parameters derived from dual-energy CT (DECT) in the preoperative diagnosis of regional metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) in patients with colorectal cancer. Triphasic contrast-enhanced DECT was performed for 178 patients with colon or high rectal cancer. The morphologic criteria, short-axis diameter, and quantitative DECT parameters of the largest regional LN were measured and compared between pathologically metastatic and nonmetastatic LNs. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019 Apr 17:1-7. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

1 Radiology Department, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Travessa da Rua Dr, Ovídio Pires de Campos, 75, São Paulo, Brazil.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate CT as a screening tool for determining high risk of local recurrence of rectal tumors in a scenario of limited MRI availability. Data were retrospectively analyzed for 180 consecutively registered patients with rectal adenocarcinoma and no previous treatment who underwent baseline CT and MRI staging within 30 days of each other. Two radiologists independently reviewed CT and MR images. Read More

Curr Opin Oncol 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet - Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.

J Surg Oncol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Background And Objectives: In North America, preoperative combination chemoradiation is the most commonly recommended and utilized approach to locally advanced rectal cancer. There is increasing interest in the use of induction chemotherapy (IC) before radiation and surgery in locally advanced rectal cancer. How widely IC is being used and whether it improves pathologic and oncologic outcomes is unknown. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, Box 29, New York, NY, 10065, USA.

Rectal adenocarcinoma with mucinous components is an uncommon type of rectal cancer with two distinct histologic subtypes: mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma. Mucin can also be identified as pattern of response after neoadjuvant treatment. On imaging modalities, mucin typically demonstrates high signal intensity on T2-weighted images, low attenuation on computed tomography, and may be negative on 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Read More

World J Surg 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Colorectal Cancer Unit, Department of Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Sygehusvej 10, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.

Background: Early catheter removal is essential to enhance postoperative mobilization and recovery, but may carry a risk of urinary retention. This study aimed to evaluate a standardized regimen for early postoperative catheter removal and re-catheterization in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery within an optimal ERAS setting.

Methods: This was a single-center prospective study of patients undergoing elective minimally invasive colorectal resection and postoperative catheter removal within 24 h, with a re-catheterization threshold of 800 ml bladder volume. Read More

Clin Ter 2019 Mar-Apr;170(2):e124-e128

Department of Surgery "P. Valdoni", Sapienza University, Rome.

Background: During sigmoid or rectal cancer surgery, dissection of lymph-nodes at the origin of inferior mesenteric artery is mandatory. Nevertheless, ligation of the origin of IMA should compromise blood supply to left colon and affect anastomosis. The aim of this retrospective evaluation is to compare high IMA ligation and low IMA ligation with preservation of LCA and skeletonization of the origin of IMA during laparoscopic colorectal resection. Read More

Int J Endocrinol 2019 12;2019:9871319. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are commonly present with metastatic disease, and the liver is the most frequent metastatic site. Herein, we studied whether primary tumor site affects survival in patients with GEP-NETs and liver metastases (NELM). As a secondary endpoint, we studied whether extrahepatic disease and surgical resection impact survival in this patient population. Read More

PLoS One 2019 16;14(4):e0215279. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.

A recent study showed that the Prostate Health Index may avoid unnecessary biopsies in men with prostate specific antigen 4-10ng/ml and normal digital rectal examination in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in Hong Kong. This study aimed to conduct an economic evaluation of the impact of adopting this commercially-available test in the Hong Kong public health service to determine whether further research is justified. A cost-consequence analysis was undertaken comparing the current diagnostic pathway with a proposed diagnostic pathway using the Prostate Health Index. Read More

J Endourol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Royal Melbourne Hospital, 90134, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS) is the gold standard for undertaking prostate biopsy however it has been associated with higher rates of post-biopsy sepsis than transperineal biopsy (TP).

Objective: To compare complication rates between transrectal prostate biopsy and transperineal biopsy for a single surgeon.

Material And Methods: Data were collected for all prostate biopsies undertaken by a single experienced urologist through his private rooms between February 2012 and March 2018. Read More

Ann Surg Oncol 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Although self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) are widely used as a bridge to surgery (BTS) in patients with malignant colorectal cancer obstruction, there has been some debate about their effect on long-term oncological outcomes. Furthermore, data on the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) combined with stent placement are scarce. We aimed to determine the long-term oncological outcomes of SEMS as a BTS, and the short-term outcomes of SEMS used with minimally invasive colorectal surgery. Read More

Surg Case Rep 2019 Apr 15;5(1):61. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.

Background: Solitary adrenal metastasis from colorectal cancer is rare. Adrenal metastasis is usually detected with synchronous multiple metastases in other organs and is, therefore, considered to be unsuitable for surgical resection. The long-term outcomes of patients with solitary adrenal metastasectomy from colorectal cancer have been reported; however, the survival advantage has not been established. Read More

Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2019 Apr 14. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Department of Oncology, Longyan First Hospital, Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000. China.

Background: Only a limited number of studies considered the combined chemo-radiation therapy after surgery for treating locally advanced rectal cancer. Comparative studies on laparoscopic and open procedures indicated that laparoscopy surgery may be associated with fewer postoperative complications. Despite encouraging results from rectal cancer patients who received neo-adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy prior to laparoscopic surgery, the acceptance of this procedure remains controversial, and conflicting evidence exists only in the form of retrospective trials. Read More

PLoS One 2019 15;14(4):e0215428. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Objectives: Large-scale clinical studies investigating associations between intestinal microbiota signatures and human diseases usually rely on stool samples. However, the timing of repeated stool sample collection cannot be predefined in longitudinal settings. Rectal swabs, being straightforward to obtain, have the potential to overcome this drawback. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Apr;98(15):e15244

Department of the General Surgery.

Rationale: Situs invsersus totalis (SIT) is a rare anomaly featured by complete inversion of abdominal and thoracic organs. Adrenal metastasis is often encountered as part of advanced systemic dissemination, which is usually unresectable. Few published cases reported the adrenal metastasis from gastric cancer with SIT and the treatment of gastrectomy combined with adrenalectomy, especially with intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT). Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China.

Bone tracer uptake related to ureteral stones has been reported several times before. We present a right ureteral stone mimicking abnormal focal sacral uptake on planar scan in a patient with rectal cancer. This case highlights the necessity of performing SPECT/CT to ascertain the origin of abnormal focal sacral uptake on planar scan, especially in patients with a history of kidney stones. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, China.

The relapses of rectal cancer are most frequently localized in the pelvis, liver, and pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes and lungs, whereas the vagina is an unusual site. We present here a 60-year-old woman presenting with lower abdominal discomfort 23 months after radical resection of rectal adenocarcinoma. An isolated, solitary, hypermetabolic mass in the right part of the vagina was detected by F-FDG PET/CT. Read More

Front Immunol 2019 29;10:602. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (nRCT) can significantly influence the tumor immune architecture that plays a pivotal role in regulating tumor growth. Whereas, various studies have investigated the effect of nRCT on tumor-infiltrating T cells, little is known about its impact on the frequency and activation status of human dendritic cells (DCs). Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) essentially contribute to the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity and may profoundly influence tumor progression. Read More

J Med Phys 2019 Jan-Mar;44(1):65-67

Department of Radiotherapy, Dr. Bhubaneshwar Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India.

Context: In advanced radiotherapy techniques such as three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), geometrical uncertainties are very crucial as they may lead to under dosing of tumor and over dosing of the nearby critical structures and hence, it is important to determine planning target volume (PTV) margins which are specific for every center.

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine adequate clinical target volume (CTV) to PTV margins specific to our radiotherapy center.

Settings And Design: To calculate CTV to PTV margins for rectal cancer patients in prone position using kV cone beam CBCT data sets. Read More

Rev Prat 2019 Jan;69(1):67-70

Maison de santé protestante de Bordeaux-Bagatelle, Talence, France.

Main traps in proctology. Traps are numerous in proctology. Avoiding the clinical examination is the most common. Read More

Tech Coloproctol 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Neuruppin, Neuruppin, Germany.

Background: Abdominal colostomy has been reported as an option with good quality of life for patients requiring abdominoperineal resection (APR) for very low rectal cancer. Some young, compliant patients, nevertheless, are very motivated to avoid abdominal colostomy following APR. Spiral smooth muscle cuff perineal colostomy as neosphincter reconstruction can be a reasonable alternative. Read More

Tech Coloproctol 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan.

Int J Cancer 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Cancer Progression Center of Excellence, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.

The dynamic cell-cell communication is essential for tissue homeostasis in normal physiological circumstances and contributes to a diversified tumor microenvironment (TME). Although exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) that actively participate in cell-cell interaction by shutting cellular components, impacts of tumor exosomes in the context of cancer stemness remain elusive. Here, we expand colorectal cancer stem cells (CRCSCs) as cancer spheroids and demonstrate that the β-catenin/Tcf-4-activated RAB27B expression is required for the secretion of CRCSC exosomes. Read More

Colorectal Dis 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Colorrectal Sugery Unit, Donostia University Hospital.

In this video, we describe bilateral laparoscopic ovarian transposition (OT) as an alternative surgical approach for ovarian hormonal function preservation prior to pelvic chemo-radiotherapy for rectal cancer. A 29 years old woman presented with rectal bleeding, progressive tenesmus and frequency of defaecation. Colonoscopy revealed a concentric ulcerated rectal mass and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a rectal adenocarcinoma. Read More

Colorectal Dis 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

A great debate is currently undergoing regarding the best surgical approach for ultra low rectal cancer. TaTME is an increasingly used technique and an emerging alternative. However, its use should probably be limited to selected cases with specific indications. Read More

Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2019 Apr 12;21(4):18. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave., Campus Box 8124, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is routinely utilized for evaluation of disorders of the lower gastrointestinal tract. In this review, we summarize the current status of rectal EUS in clinical practice and describe recent developments in diagnostic and therapeutic rectal EUS.

Recent Findings: Recent guidelines recommend rectal EUS for rectal cancer staging as a second line modality in cases where MRI is contraindicated. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center

Purpose: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neoCRT) is a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC); however, resistance to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is one of the main obstacles to improving treatment outcomes. The goal of this study was to identify factors involved in the radioresistance of CRC and to clarify the underlying mechanisms.

Experimental Design: A genome-wide RNAi screen was employed to search for candidate radioresistance genes. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2019 Apr 5;2(4):e192249. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.

Importance: Although both short-course radiotherapy and long-course chemoradiotherapy have been practiced in parallel for more than 15 years, no cost-effectiveness analysis comparing these 2 approaches in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer has been published.

Objective: To analyze the cost-effectiveness of short-course radiotherapy vs long-course chemoradiotherapy for the treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This economic evaluation used a cost-effectiveness model simulating 10-year outcomes for 1 million hypothetical patients aged 65 years with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with either short-course radiotherapy or long-course chemoradiotherapy, followed by surgery and chemotherapy. Read More

Colorectal Dis 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 1 Santariskiu Str., Vilnius, LT-08406, Lithuania.

All previous studies which have described the possible benefits of robotic surgery have all used the Da Vinci system [1-3]. We present the first abdominoperineal resection for low rectal cancer using the Senhance Transenterix robotic platform. This article is protected by copyright. Read More

Gastrointest Tumors 2019 Feb 5;5(3-4):77-81. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, SUS Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.

Purpose: Hartmann's procedure is a well-established alternative in colorectal surgery when a primary anastomosis is contraindicated. However, the rectal remnant may cause complications. This study was designed to investigate the occurrence of pelvic sepsis after Hartmann's procedure and identify possible risk factors. Read More

Quant Imaging Med Surg 2019 Feb;9(2):238-246

Department of Radiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Haeundae-gu, Busan, Korea.

Background: To evaluate the association between various radiologic-pathologic findings and oncogenic Kirsten-ras (KRAS) mutation in patients with primary rectal cancer.

Methods: Seventy-five patients with primary rectal cancer who had undergone rectal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. The rectal MRI consisted of T2-weighted images in three planes, pre- and post-contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images, and axial diffusion-weighted images (b factors, 0, 1,000 s/mm). Read More

PeerJ 2019 4;7:e6679. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China.

The role of serum serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 4 (SPINK4), in colorectal cancer (CRC) is largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the association and diagnostic value of serum SPINK4 in CRC. A total of 70 preoperative CRC patients, 30 postoperative CRC patients, 30 gastric cancer patients, and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. Read More

Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2019 Apr 11;7(2):98-106. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.

Background: Few studies on anastomotic condition after rectal-cancer resection and its effect on anastomotic leakage (AL) are available up to now. This study aimed to investigate potential radiation-induced injury left on surgical margins of anterior resection after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and its association with AL.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 161 consecutive patients who underwent anterior resection with nCRT, neoadjuvant chemotherapy without radiation (nCT) or no neoadjuvant therapy between 2014 and 2015. Read More

Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2019 Jan 28;32(1):e1. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1673357.]. Read More