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Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation of tissue eosinophil count and chemosensory functions in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 40 patients with a history of ESS for CRSwNP recruited consecutively. Visual analog scale score and the Lund-Kennedy endoscopic score were recorded. Read More

J Dent Res 2019 Apr 28;98(4):388-397. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

3 Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the joint that can produce persistent orofacial pain as well as functional and structural changes to its bone, cartilage, and ligaments. Despite advances in the clinical utility and reliability of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, clinical tools inadequately predict which patients will develop chronic TMJ pain and degeneration, limiting clinical management. The challenges of managing and treating TMJ OA are due, in part, to a limited understanding of the mechanisms contributing to the development and maintenance of TMJ pain. Read More

Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2019 Mar 1;6(2):e543. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Service de neurologie (A.C.-C., S.V., R.M.), sclérose en plaques, pathologies de la myéline et neuroinflammation and Centre de référence pour les maladies inflammatoires rares du cerveau et de la moelle (MIRCEM)- Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (A.C.-C., R.M.), U1028 INSERM, UMR5292 CNRS, FLUID Team, Lyon, France; Service de sclérose en plaques (X.A., P.L.), Hôpital Universitaire de Montpellier, France; Service de Neurologie (P.K.), Centre hospitalier de Luxembourg; Inserm (P.H.), U 1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Université Paris-Sud 11, CEA, DSV/iMETI, Division of Immuno-Virology, IDMIT, Faculté de médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France; Service de Radiologie (F.C.), Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.C., S.V., R.M.), F-69100 Villeurbanne, France; Lyon's Neuroscience Research Center (S.V.), Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, Lyon, France; Service de neurologie pédiatrique (K.D.), Centre de référence pour les maladies inflammatoires rares du cerveau et de la moelle, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; and INSERM US27 MIRCen (C.S.), CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.

Objective: To describe clinical and radiologic features of cranial nerve (CN) involvement in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG) and to assess the potential underlying mechanism of CN involvement using a nonhuman primate (NHP) model.

Methods: Epidemiologic, clinical, and radiologic features from a national cohort of 273 MOG-IgG-positive patients were retrospectively reviewed for CN involvement between January 2014 and January 2018. MOG-IgG binding was evaluated in CNS, CN, and peripheral nerve tissues from NHP. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Feb 22;9(1):2621. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5050, USA.

In the brain, insulin acts as a growth factor, regulates energy homeostasis, and is involved in learning and memory acquisition. Many central nervous system (CNS) diseases are characterized by deficits in insulin signaling. Pre-clinical studies have shown that intranasal insulin is neuroprotective in models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and traumatic brain injury. Read More

Clin Ter 2019 Jan-Feb;170(1):e48-e54

Department of Clinical Sciences and Traslational Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.

The aim of the present study was to analyse the clinical potential of radiosurgery applied to modern dentistry through a revision of the indexed literature. Radiosurgery represents a recent form of electrosurgery working at a frequency of 3.0-4. Read More

J Headache Pain 2019 Feb 19;20(1):20. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University, Viale Università 30, 00185, Rome, Italy.

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is one of the most characteristic and difficult to treat neuropathic pain conditions in patients with multiple sclerosis. The present narrative review addresses the current evidence on diagnostic tests and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia secondary to multiple sclerosis.

Methods: We searched for relevant papers within PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, taking into account publications up to December 2018. Read More

J Neurosurg 2019 Feb 1:1-8. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Peter Jannetta was a neurosurgery resident when he proposed the neurovascular compression theory. He built upon the astute observations of Dandy, Gardner, and others who, in the era before the operating microscope, had successfully ventured into the posterior fossa. In 1965, Jannetta performed cranial nerve microdissections for dental students and identified the trigeminal portio intermedia. Read More

Complement Ther Clin Pract 2019 Feb 24;34:254-267. Epub 2018 Dec 24.

The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China. Electronic address:

Background And Purpose: Acupuncture is increasingly used by patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia (PTN). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PTN.

Methods: Seven databases were searched. Read More

Ter Arkh 2018 May;90(5):61-71

A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia.

Aim: To provide demographic, clinical, laboratory, ultrasound, radiological, morphological/ immunomorphological phenotype of IgG4-related ophthalmic diseases, which allowsmaking a differential diagnosis with granulomatous, autoimmune, inflammatory, endocrine and hematologic diseases affecting the eye and orbits.

Materials And Methods: From 2004 to 2016 108 (78.2%) of the 138 patients were diagnosed with non-tumoral lesions of eye and orbits. Read More

eNeuro 2019 Jan-Feb;6(1). Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.

The primary sensory cortex processes competitive sensory inputs. Ablation of these competitive inputs induces neuroplastic changes in local cortical circuits. However, information concerning cortical plasticity induced by a disturbance of competitive nociceptive inputs is limited. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(4):e14239

Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province.

Introduction: The objective of this systematic review protocol is to provide the methods for evaluating the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture on the treatment of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN).

Methods And Analysis: We will search randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on this subject in 8 electronic databases and they are Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Wan-Fang Database, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database). Other relevant literatures will be manually searched as a complement. Read More

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2018 Oct;27(5):472-476

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Key Lab of Oral Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Stomatology,Qingdao University. Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.

Purpose: To establish a new animal model of trigeminal neuralgia（TN） produced by administration of talc to peripheral infraobital nerve in rats.

Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups. Talcum powder (30％,0. Read More

PeerJ 2019 9;6:e6095. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland.

Background: Among over 100 types of viruses, eight can infect humans: herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1, HSV-2), varicella zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and human herpesviruses 6, 7, and 8 (HHV-6, HHV-7, HHV-8). After initial infection, the viruses remain latent for the lifetime of the host. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of six different herpesviruses: HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, EBV, CMV, and HHV-6 in trigeminal and facial nerve ganglia among a random group of Polish population. Read More

Neurol Res 2019 Apr 5;41(4):335-340. Epub 2019 Jan 5.

a Department of Neurosurgery , XinHua Hospital (The Cranial Nerve Disease Center of Shanghai), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.

Background: It is necessary to understand the mechanism of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and hemifacial spasm (HFS) in order to seek for an effective noninvasive remedy. As previous studies implied that inflammatory cytokines induced by demyelination following the nerve injury may be the initiated factor causing neuropathic pain, we attempt to analyze the correlation between cytokines and these hyperactive cranial nerve disorders.

Method: The consecutive patients whose diagnosis were confirmed by microvascular decompression surgery as primary TN or HFS caused by vascular compression and healthy volunteers between March and May 2018 in XinHua Hospital Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine were recruited. Read More

J Oral Sci 2018 ;60(4):618-625

Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.

The purpose of the present study was to predict inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) exposure and associated neurosensory deficits after mandibular cyst surgery based on imaging findings. The study includes 193 sites in 184 consecutive patients who underwent enucleation of cystic lesions around a mandibular third molar (MM3) and extraction of the associated MM3. Absence/presence of white lines on panoramic radiographs (PR) and absence/presence of cortication surrounding the mandibular canal on computed tomography (CT) are evaluated as predictor variables. Read More

Trials 2018 Dec 27;19(1):704. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Background: This study aimed to describe recruitment challenges encountered during a phase IIa study of vixotrigine, a state and use-dependent Nav1.7 channel blocker, in individuals with trigeminal neuralgia.

Methods: This was an international, multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal study that included a 7-day run-in period, a 21-day open-label phase, and a 28-day double-blind phase in which patients (planned n = 30) were randomized to vixotrigine or placebo. Read More

Pain 2019 Jan;160(1):53-59

Department of Neurophysiology, CBTM, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

The upcoming 11th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) of the World Health Organization (WHO) offers a unique opportunity to improve the representation of painful disorders. For this purpose, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) has convened an interdisciplinary task force of pain specialists. Here, we present the case for a reclassification of nervous system lesions or diseases associated with persistent or recurrent pain for ≥3 months. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 30;117:153-156. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Otolaryngology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 8 Kondratowicza St., 03-242, Warsaw, Poland.

Marcus Gunn phenomenon (MGP) is a rare form of congenital facial synkinesis known as jaw-winking or pterygoid-levator synkinesis. The MGP is the raising of the affected eyelid is synchronous and proportionate to the opening of the mouth. The etiology is unclear. Read More

FASEB J 2019 Mar 18;33(3):4598-4609. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; and.

A variety of mouse strains and sexes are used in studies of corneal wound healing and nerve regeneration. However, there is a gap of knowledge about corneal nerve density and its function in different mouse strains and sexes. In this study, we report a strain divergence of total and substance P (SP) sensory corneal nerves in uninjured mice. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Mar 12;123:136-141. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Neurosurgery, Seikei-kai Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.

Background: Compression of the trigeminal nerve by vessels and tumors causes trigeminal neuralgia. However, a tethering effect, provoking an abnormal root-stretching force, has been previously reported to play a role in trigeminal nerve hyperexcitability. We report 2 patients with vestibular schwannomas treated by stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) who presented with typical manifestations of trigeminal neuralgia after tumor shrinkage. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Mar 5;123:383-389. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Background: Extraaxial lymphoma involving the trigeminal nerve, an uncommon condition that presents as a trigeminal schwannoma, resulted in misdiagnosis and a flawed surgical strategy. We report 2 cases: a primary lymphoma of the Meckel cave and a metastasis lymphoma in the prepontine cistern arising from the supraclavicular lymph node.

Case Description: The first patient presented with a 3-month history of persistent, sharp facial pain across the area innervated by the V2 nerve. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Jan;30(1):e77-e80

Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of microvascular decompression (MVD) and stereotactic gamma knife surgery (GKS) in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in the elderly.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 137 elderly cases with TN underwent MVD, partial sensory rhizotomy (PR) treatment from August 2007 to March 2017 and 56 cases underwent GKS treatment from May 2014 to February 2017 was made, compared the efficacy of MVD and GKS in different age groups.

Results: In 125 patients of MVD alone, the responsible vessels included 60 cases of superior cerebellar artery, 55 cases of anterior inferior cerebellar artery, 4 cases of venous vascular compression, 13 cases of mixed arteriovenous compression and 3 cases of vertebral artery, and 2 cases of no responsible vessel. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jan 22;65:23-30. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy. Electronic address:

Due to their morphological and physicochemical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) enhance the structural properties of several materials and are produced in great volumes. The production and the manufacturing of CNTs-incorporated products can lead to the potential environmental release of CNTs. For these reasons, CNTs can represent a serious concern for human health. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 27;122:607-612. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA; Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Classic trigeminal neuralgia is an often debilitating condition that frequently results from vascular compression at the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerve. We report a case of dural arteriovenous fistula surrounding the trigeminal nerve from near the root entry zone extending as far ventral as the Meckel cave treated solely with Gamma Knife radiosurgery.

Case Description: A 71-year-old woman presented with a history of persistent attacks of right facial pain after failed conservative management. Read More

J Neurosurg 2018 Nov 1:1-11. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

1Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University.

OBJECTIVEThe trigeminal root entry zone (TREZ) is a transitional zone between the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), adjacent to the brainstem. Microvascular compression of the TREZ has been considered to be the primary etiology in most cases of trigeminal neuralgia (TN), but whether epigenetic regulation is involved in the pathogenesis of TN is still unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the epigenetic regulation of histone H3 acetylation in the TREZ in an animal model of TN. Read More

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2018 Aug;27(4):424-426

Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Center. Shanghai 200032, China.

Purpose: To study the clinical effect of double miniscrews for extraction of horizontally impacted wisdom tooth adjacent to the inferior alveolar nerve canal.

Methods: Eight horizontally impacted wisdom teeth requiring extraction because of orthodontic treatment were proven to be adjacent to the inferior alveolar nerve canal by means of cone-beam CT scan. The treatment began with double miniscrews traction under the help of cantilever beam. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018 Nov;98(43):3519-3523

Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Neurological Center of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350000, China.

Percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFT) of the Gasserian ganglion is an effective treatment for refractory trigeminal craniofacial pain.In the present study, we assessed the feasibility of accessing the Gasserian ganglion through the foramen ovale with neuronavigation guidance in the patients of trigeminal craniofacial pain. We retrospectively analyzed forty-four patients with type Ⅰ trigeminal neuralgia who had undergone percutaneous RFT treatment in our hospital from June 2014 to December 2016. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2018 Dec 24;58:42-48. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Department of Skull Base Surgery Center, Department of Neurosurgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

The objective of the current study is to summarize the experiences of 360-degree circumferential arachnoid dissection for TN in patients without NVC. Clinical data from 19 TN patients without NVC who underwent 360-degree circumferential arachnoid dissection were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent preoperative examinations of three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (3D-TOF-MRA) and three-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance of constructive interference in steady state (3D-CISS) to identify the neurovascular structures around the trigeminal nerve. Read More

Br J Neurosurg 2019 Feb 19;33(1):31-36. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

b Oral Medicine Unit, Eastman Dental Institute , UCLH NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK.

Background: Management strategies for the recurrence of trigeminal neuralgia after microvascular decompression include repeat procedures, medical management or no further therapy. No consensus exists as to which strategy is best for pain relief. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of patients with recurrences after microvascular decompression in the cohort, and to compare long-term pain relief between different management strategies. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 14;122:308-310. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Background: Trigeminal ganglion stimulation can be effective for trigeminal neuralgia. For patients who respond well to neurostimulation delivered percutaneously through the foramen ovale but require extensive revision and removal of instrumentation, a subtemporal approach for stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion is an alternative option as a salvage procedure.

Case Description: We report on a 47-year-old woman who responded well to neurostimulation for trigeminal neuropathic pain over a 1-year period from 2008 to 2009. Read More

Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018 Jul;2018:4756-4759

In recent years, the trigeminal nerve (CN V) has become a popular target for neuromodulation therapies to treat of a variety of diseases due to its access to neuromodulatory centers. Despite promising preclinical and clinical data, the mechanism of action of trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) remains in question. In this work, we describe the development and evaluation of a neural interface targeting the mouse trigeminal nerve with the goal of enabling future mechanistic research on TNS. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 7;122:220-223. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Department of General Surgery, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and P. G. Institute, Indore, India.

Background: An epidermoid cyst is a rare tumor of the cerebellopontine angle region. It usually presents with ipsilateral compressive symptoms. The contralateral trigeminal neuralgia is an unusual presentation in such cases. Read More

Indian J Dent Res 2018 Sep-Oct;29(5):605-610

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Aim: Damage to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) while extracting lower third molars is often caused by the intimate relationship between the nerve and the roots of the teeth. The aim of this study was to compare the sequelae of coronectomy with odontectomy in impacted mandibular third molars.

Patients And Methods: This study included thirty patients which were divided into two groups, Group-I (test group) including 15 patients undergoing coronectomy and Group-2 (control group) of 15 patients undergoing odontectomy. Read More

Agri 2018 Oct;30(4):179-182

Department of Anaesthesiology, Reanimation and Pain, Dr. Ersin Arslan Research and Training Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey.

Objectives: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) has been effectively treated by radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFT) of the gasserian ganglion. Recently, pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) is becoming an alternative therapy for patients with trigeminal neuralgia. It is unclear whether the combination of RFT with PRF may decrease post-operative complications while maintaining longterm pain relief. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 3;122:424-427. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: The trigeminocardiac reflex is a sudden onset of bradycardia, hypotension, apnea, or gastric hypermotility in response to stimulation of the trigeminal nerve.

Case Description: A 60-year-old female underwent a left orbitozygomatic craniotomy to debulk a large skull base epidermoid cyst compressing the brainstem and cranial nerves. Intraoperatively, retraction of the temporalis muscle consistently produced asystole. Read More

Life Sci 2018 Dec 27;214:167-175. Epub 2018 Oct 27.

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P.O. Box 146, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.

Aims: Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a novel dibenzazepine antiepileptic, that has demonstrated efficacy against trigeminal pain, both in preclinical and clinical studies. However, ESL's mechanism of antinociceptive action remains uncertain. Here, we aimed to examine the contribution of adrenergic/cholinergic/opioid receptors to the antinociceptive effects of ESL in a trigeminal pain model, as these neurotransmitter systems are known to have an important role in the modulation of trigeminal nociception. Read More

Eur J Pharm Sci 2019 Jan 1;127:240-251. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong. Electronic address:

DB213 is an expanded CAG RNA inhibitor targeting polyglutamine diseases. This current study aims to investigate biopharmaceutic characteristics of DB213 as well as its brain uptake and distribution in C57 wild type mice, R6/2 Huntington's disease mice and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats via intranasal administration. The biopharmaceutic characteristics of DB213 were investigated in vitro using Calu-3/MDCK/HEK293 cell lines and brain slices for its membrane transport, equilibrium dialysis for its plasma protein/brain tissue bindings and liver/brain microsomes incubation for its enzyme kinetics profiles. Read More

PLoS One 2018 31;13(10):e0206642. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Purpose: Corneal anesthesia leads to chronic corneal injury. This anatomical study characterizes the donor nerve branches of the supratrochlear and supraorbital nerves used for corneal neurotization.

Methods: In 13 non-embalmed cadavers, the supratrochlear and supraorbital nerves were dissected and distances to anatomical landmarks measured. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2018 Oct 29;60(1):64. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy.

Background: The trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is a brainstem reflex that may be observed in anaesthesia during surgical procedures stimulating the intracranial or peripheral portion of the trigeminal nerve. The peripheral TCR is divided into the oculocardiac reflex and the maxillomandibulocardiac reflex based on the affected sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve. In veterinary medicine the oculocardiac reflex has been described, however the maxillomandibulocardiac reflex has never been reported. Read More

Eur J Pain 2019 03 16;23(3):589-602. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.

Background: Ocular surface diseases are among the most frequent ocular pathologies. Ocular pain following corneal injury is frequently observed in clinic. Corneal sensory innervation is supplied by ciliary nerves derived from ophthalmic division of the trigeminal ganglion. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2018 Oct 25;19(11). Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Department of Medicine, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin type-1 (TRPA1) channels are known to actively participate in different pain conditions, including trigeminal neuropathic pain, whose clinical treatment is still unsatisfactory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of TRPA1 channels by means of the antagonist ADM_12 in trigeminal neuropathic pain, in order to identify possible therapeutic targets. A single treatment of ADM_12 in rats 4 weeks after the chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (IoN-CCI) significantly reduced the mechanical allodynia induced in the IoN-CCI rats. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 19;121:217-221. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Riley Hospital for Children, Department of Neurological Surgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a well-recognized facial pain syndrome. Discrete forms with disparate pain symptoms include classic and atypical. However, atypical facial pain includes neuralgiform pain along a spectrum. Read More

Eur J Oral Sci 2018 12 20;126(6):466-475. Epub 2018 Oct 20.

State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.

Unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) has been demonstrated to cause masseter hyperactivity via the periodontal trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme)-trigeminal motor nucleus circuit. Here, we studied activation of motor neurons of the facial nucleus (VII), hypoglossal nucleus (XII), nucleus ambiguus (Amb), and spinal nucleus of the accessory nerve (SNA) in rats with UAC via their similar connections with Vme. An anterograde tracer, biotinylated dextran amine (BDA), was injected into the Vme to identify the central axon terminals around the motor neurons of VII, XII, Amb, and SNA. Read More

J Mol Neurosci 2018 Dec 17;66(4):524-534. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Department of Statistics, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) with chronic and severe neuropathic pain leads to remarkable interference in daily living activities of patients. Unknown molecular mechanisms involved in TN pathophysiology are a challenge for complete treatment of the disease. The present study was conducted to investigate changes in the plasma proteome beside biochemical parameters, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), nitric oxide (NO), amino acids, and vitamin D (Vit D) in different pain states in TN patients. Read More

Intern Med 2019 Mar 17;58(5):723-725. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Department of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Japan.

We report the case of a 46-year-old man with hemicrania continua presenting as exacerbations mimicking trigeminal neuralgia. The patient was tentatively diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia, and treatment with various combinations of drugs was performed after the onset of pain. However, when the condition of the patient did not improve, we suspected hemicrania continua, and treatment with indomethacin was initiated. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 9;121:e775-e785. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Department of Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France; Department of Radiotherapy, Groupe ONCORAD Garonne, Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France.

Background: During the past decades, stereotactic radiosurgery, and Gamma Knife in particular, has proved its safety and efficacy for drug-resistant classic trigeminal neuralgia. However, few large series exist using linear accelerator (LINAC) reporting long-term follow-up.

Methods: Between 2006 and 2015, 301 patients were treated by LINAC at our institution. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 9;121:88-94. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Section of Neurosurgery, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, Virginia, USA; Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA; Virginia Tech School of Neuroscience, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Epidermoid cysts in Meckel cave are exceedingly rare. Since 1971, only 17 cases have been reported in the literature, with most patients presenting with trigeminal hypesthesia. However, outgrowth of these lesions from Meckel cave can rarely lead to compression of the proximate cavernous sinus and the neurovascular structures contained within. Read More

Arch Craniofac Surg 2018 Sep 20;19(3):231-234. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Department of Pathology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.

A schwannoma is a benign tumor that develops from Schwann cells. It is known to occur more frequently in women than men, and about one third of schwannoma cases occur in the head and neck area. It is also known to originate mainly in the auditory nerve. Read More

Pain Physician 2018 09;21(5):469-481

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University.

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a neurological syndrome characterized by paroxysmal, lightning-like, severe pain in the facial area innervated by the trigeminal nerve. Patients who do not respond well to drug treatment can undergo a nerve block, a traditional conservative treatment. Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) is a nondestructive pain intervention technique. Read More