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Eye Contact Lens 2022 Jul 3;48(7):303-305. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Department of Ophthalmology (D.N., S.S.M.F.), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Department of Ophthalmology (D.N.), Banphaeo General Hospital, Samut Sakhon, Thailand.

Abstract: A 4-year-old boy presented with right neurotrophic corneal ulcer, lagophthalmos, and facial palsy 8 months after neurosurgery for synchronous brain tumors. Initial treatment with topical antibiotics, topical corticosteroids, lubrication, and lateral tarsorrhaphy successfully treated the corneal epithelial defect; however, the cornea continued to demonstrate diffuse epitheliopathy and a dense stromal opacity and remained insensate on Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry. After a course of topical cenegermin, central corneal sensation normalized, and the corneal epitheliopathy was markedly improved. Read More

Arch Virol 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Box 2175 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.

Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is ubiquitous in cattle worldwide, and it has been detected in animals exhibiting broad clinical presentations. The virus has been detected in the United States since the 1970s; however, its clinical relevance remains unknown. Here, we determined the complete genome sequences of two contemporary BoHV-4 isolates obtained from respiratory (SD16-38) or reproductive (SD16-49) tract specimens and assessed clinical, virological, and pathological outcomes upon intranasal (IN) inoculation of calves with the respiratory BoHV-4 isolate SD16-38. Read More

J Dent Res 2022 Jun 16:220345221102084. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA.

Periodontitis, a chronic, inflammatory disease, induces systemic inflammation and contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. The precise etiology of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, such as sporadic Alzheimer's, Parkinson's diseases and multiple sclerosis (AD, PD, and MS, respectively), remains to be revealed. Chronic neuroinflammation is a well-recognized component of these disorders, and evidence suggests that systemic inflammation is a possible stimulus for neuroinflammation development. Read More

Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2022 Jun;55(3):595-606

Caruso Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, 1537 Norfolk Street, Suite 5800, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. Electronic address:

Though there have been considerable strides in the diagnosis and care of orofacial pain disorders, facial neuralgias, and myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome remain incredibly cumbersome for patients and difficult to manage for providers. Cranial neuralgias, myofascial pain syndromes, temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD), dental pain, tumors, neurovascular pain, and psychiatric diseases can all present with similar symptoms. As a result, a patient's quest for the treatment of their orofacial pain often begins on the wrong foot, with a misdiagnosis or unnecessary procedure, which makes it all the more frustrating for them. Read More

Brain Nerve 2022 Jun;74(6):811-816

Department of Neurology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine.

A 70-year-old woman visited our hospital with hypertension, diplopia, and right orbital pain. Neurological examination revealed right ophthalmoplegia. CT angiography and MRI identified a right persistent trigeminal artery (PTA), right persistent hypoglossal artery, and bovine aortic arch. Read More

Saudi Med J 2022 Jun;43(6):551-558

From the Department of Anesthesia (Hilal), King Fahad General Hospital, and from the Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care (Alyamani, Kaki), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To assess the effect of bupivacaine application following pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) ablation on trigeminal facial pain.

Methods: A total of 73 patients with trigeminal facial pain refractory to conservative therapy were randomized into 2 groups. Group I subjects underwent PRF ablation procedure, followed by the injection of 1 ml of bupivacaine. Read More

Quintessence Int 2022 Jun;53(7):624-630

This case report describes the rare occurrence of an epidermoid tumor compressing the ipsilateral trigeminal nerve resulting in secondary trigeminal neuralgia. MRI is the imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis of secondary trigeminal neuralgia. The epidermoid tumor was discovered by an orofacial pain specialist after reassessing the MRI study, previously reported as normal. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2022 Jun 6;23:e936707. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain.

BACKGROUND Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection can increase the risk of cerebrovascular disease, involving small and large arteries, especially in immunosuppressed patients with ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve involvement. We present the case of a patient with intracerebral VZV vasculopathy without overt clinical manifestation but with abnormal imaging findings in the brain magnetic resonance (MR). CASE REPORT A 59-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), without other traditional cardiovascular risk factors, presented to the hospital due to headache, vertical diplopia, decreased of visual acuity of right eye, and disseminated varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection with predominant skin lesions distributed along the ophthalmic division of the right trigeminal nerve. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 May 13;58(5). Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44037 Kaunas, Lithuania.

Neurotrophic keratitis is a rare degenerative disease of the cornea that can lead to corneal ulceration, scarring, and significant visual impairment. It most commonly occurs in adults and is rarely diagnosed in children. Congenital corneal anesthesia is an extremely rare condition that requires appropriate ophthalmologists' attention in making diagnosis and treatment decisions. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 05 17;19(10). Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.

: Dementia, a worldwide public-health issue, is regarded as a disorder rather than a normal aging process. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic debilitating pain disorder that impairs daily activities. Both are most prevalent in females and in patients older than 50 years. Read More

Headache 2022 May;62(5):543-547

Global Neurosciences Institute, Pennington, New Jersey, USA.

Objective: The objective of this paper is to present a narrative review of the use of triptans in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN), as well as to outline possible therapeutic mechanisms of action.

Background: TN is a debilitating neuropathic disorder with a variety of surgical and pharmacological treatments currently available. Despite treatment being heavily individually tailored, some patients remain refractory to management. Read More

Mol Neurobiol 2022 Jul 17;59(7):4535-4549. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.

BmK DKK13 (DKK13) is a mutated recombinant peptide, which has a significant antinociception in a rat model of the inflammatory pain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of DKK13 on trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with the chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (IoN-CCI) model to induce stable symptoms of TN. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022 4;2022:1300387. Epub 2022 May 4.

Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder characterized by spontaneous and elicited paroxysms of electric-shock-like or stabbing pain in a region of the face. The epigenetic regulation of TN is still obscure. In current study, a rat TN model subject to carbamazepine (CBZ) treatment was established, and transcriptome- and genome-scale profiling of H3K9ac and HDAC3 was performed by RNA-seq and ChIP-seq. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2022 Jul 6;152:110341. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Ophthalmology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Guru Nanak Eye Centre, New Delhi 110002, India.

In the wake of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a new epidemic of COVID associated mucormycosis (CAM) emerged in India. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of this deadly disease are of paramount importance in improving patient survival. MRI is the cornerstone of diagnosis of early extrasinus disease, particularly intracranial complications which have traditionally been associated with a high mortality rate. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Apr 27;23(9). Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.

The Special Issue "Orofacial Pain: Molecular Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Treatment 2021" contains 6 articles published by 41 authors from different countries focusing on nucleus accumbens core GABAergic neurons, receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1, pannexin 1-mediated ATP signaling, ultra-low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and triamcinolone acetonide. The content covers several pain models, including neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve constriction or malpositioned dental implants, tongue cancer, myogenous temporomandibular dysfunction, and oral ulcerative mucositis. In addition, a review paper on trigeminal neuralgia is included. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2022 Jul 10;101:67-79. Epub 2022 May 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. Electronic address:

Background: Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) has been deemed as the gold standard stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) mode for the treatment of intracranial tumors, cerebrovascular diseases and brain functional diseases. Our study was aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy, safety, and complications of gamma knife radiosurgery for trigeminal schwannomas.

Method: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the clinical outcomes of patients with trigeminal schwannomas treated primarily or adjunctly with GKRS. Read More

Indian J Pharmacol 2022 Mar-Apr;54(2):138-145

Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot Punjab, India.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is an episodic facial pain which feels like an electric shock of unilateral origin. This neuropathic disorder is an intensely stressful to bear for patient and impacts the quality of life. Most of the cases of TN arise when the root of fifth cranial nerve, i. Read More

Brain Res Bull 2022 Jul 7;185:174-192. Epub 2022 May 7.

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:

Neuropathic and inflammatory pain are major clinical challenges due to their ambiguous mechanisms and limited treatment approaches. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) are responsible for nerve system sensation and are required for the induction and maintenance of pain. However, the roles of NMDAR and CaMKII in regulating orofacial pain are still less well known. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd 2022 May;129(5):225-229

A 56-year-old man was referred by his dentist to an orthodontist as part of an interdisciplinary treatment plan for a complete dental rehabilitation. The patient presented with a mutilated dentition with a restricted envelope of function and generalized severe tooth wear with loss of vertical dimension. The patient showed a history of multiple endodontically treated and subsequently extracted elements associated with unexplained symptoms until a neurologist diagnosed trigeminal neuralgia. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2022 May 8;16(1):183. Epub 2022 May 8.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.

Background: Despite some advances, treatment of trigeminal neuralgia remains a significant challenge. This study determines the efficacy and safety of autologous conditioned serum (Orthokine) injection into the foramen oval to treat refractory trigeminal neuralgia.

Case Presentation: This is a consecutive case series from the Pain and Palliative Care Department of Imam Reza University Hospital, Tabriz, Iran. Read More

Curr Neuropharmacol 2022 May 6. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana State, INDIA.

Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) acts as a highly impermeable barrier, presenting an impediment for the crossing of most classical drugs targeted for neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD). Pertaining to the nature of drugs and other potential molecules, they impose unavoidable dose-restricted limitations eventually leading to the failure of therapy. However, many advancements in formulation technology and maneuvering of delivery approaches have been successful in delivering the drug to the brain in the therapeutic window. Read More

Headache 2022 May 6;62(5):540-542. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.

Ann Palliat Med 2022 Apr;11(4):1391-1400

Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a type of transient and paroxysmal recurrent severe pain confined to the trigeminal nerve region. This study systematically evaluated the efficacy and safety of microvascular decompression (MVD) and percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) in the treatment of TN.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and Weipu databases were searched for articles published on the use of MVD and PBC in the treatment of TN from the dates of inception of the databases to October 2019. Read More

Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2022 Jun 27;55(3):607-632. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street, Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Neurorestoration Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street, Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.

Facial pain is a common medical complaint that is easily misdiagnosed. As a result, this pain often goes mistreated. Despite this, there are a variety of pharmacologic, surgical, and neuromodulatory options for the treatment of facial pain. Read More

Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022 May;61(5):565-569

Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.

To study the clinical features of myeloperoxidase(MPO) antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP). Clinical data of 15 cases diagnosed with MPO-ANCA vasculitis complicated with HP were retrospectively analyzed. Nine cases were males and the other 6 were females, with an average age of (58±8) years. Read More

Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2022 06 28;164(6):1575-1585. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi Branch, Chia-Yi, 61363, Taiwan.

Background: Radiofrequency thermocoagulation trigeminal rhizotomy (RT-TR) through the foramen ovale is a minimally invasive treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. Navigation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT fusion imaging is a well-established method for cannulation of the Gasserian ganglion. In this study, we use the inline measurements from fusion image to analyze the anatomical parameters between the actual and simulation trajectories and compare the short- and intermediate-term outcomes according to determinable factors. Read More

Pain Pract 2022 Jun 6;22(5):532-540. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Pain, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Objective: To estimate long-term recurrence, complications after percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) and radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFT) of gasserian ganglion among a large sample of patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) during a long-term follow-up.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1313 patients undergoing PBC or RFT for the treatment of TN was conducted from 2006 to 2020. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2022 Apr 10;14(8). Epub 2022 Apr 10.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

Background: To evaluate differences in local tumor control (LC), symptoms and quality of life (QOL) of 261 patients with VS after stereotactic radiosurgery/hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRS/HFSRT) vs. fractionated radiotherapy (FRT) vs. fractionated proton therapy (FPT) were studied. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Mar 11;101(10):e29012. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 317-1, Daemyungdong, Namku, Daegu, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: Many studies using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) have reported trigeminal neuropathy in various neurological diseases. However, no study on traumatic trigeminal neuropathy following whiplash has been reported.

Patient Concerns: A 51-year old female suffered an indirect head trauma resulting from a flexion-hyperextension injury. Read More

Biochem Soc Trans 2022 04;50(2):1013-1023

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is one of the most common neuropathic pain disorders and is often combined with other comorbidities if managed inadequately. However, the present understanding of its pathogenesis at the molecular level remains lacking. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in neuropathic pain, and many studies have reported that specific lncRNAs are related to TN. Read More