Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Radiol Phys Technol 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Physics, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Nishitokuta, Yahaba, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan.

To measure integral doses in image-guided radiation therapy, we developed an integral condenser dosimeter comprising a disposable USB-A mini-substrate with a 0.1-µF condenser and a silicon X-ray diode (Si-XD), a microcomputer (mbed) dock, and a personal computer (PC). The Si-XD is a high-sensitivity photodiode selected for detecting X-rays. Read More

Radiol Med 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Center, Ospedale Sacro Cuore don Calabria, via Don Sempreboni 5, 37034, Negrar, Verona, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate the differences between conventional fractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and hypofractionated (HypoRT) volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in elderly women affected by early-stage breast cancer (BC) in terms of RT-related acute/late side effect.

Materials And Methods: Between October 2011 and July 2015, 80 consecutive elderly BC patients were treated with IMRT for 5 weeks (40 patients) or HypoRT-VMAT for 3 weeks (40 patients). Inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 70 years, early BC (pT1-2 pN0-1), no prior neoadjuvant chemotherapy and non-metastatic disease. Read More

Esophagus 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

AI Medical Service Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Background And Aims: The endocytoscopic system (ECS) helps in virtual realization of histology and can aid in confirming histological diagnosis in vivo. We propose replacing biopsy-based histology for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by using the ECS. We applied deep-learning artificial intelligence (AI) to analyse ECS images of the esophagus to determine whether AI can support endoscopists for the replacement of biopsy-based histology. Read More

Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.

The purpose of this study was to examine the protective effects of intracellular homogeneous melanin produced by Lachnum YM156 (LIM) against ultraviolet B (UVB) induced damage in mice. The possible structural formula of the LIM was concluded based on elemental analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS). The LIM was modified by arginine to improve its water solubility and biological activities. Read More

Eur Radiol 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Mathematical Oncology Laboratory (MôLAB), Department of Mathematics, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.

The original version of this article, published on 15 October 2018, unfortunately contained a mistake. The following correction has therefore been made in the original: The name of Mariano Amo-Salas and the affiliation of Ismael Herruzo were presented incorrectly. Read More

J Spine Surg 2018 Sep;4(3):660-662

Spine Research Group, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

J Spine Surg 2018 Sep;4(3):645-653

Department of Spine Surgery, Digital Orthopedic Institute, Orthopedic Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Second Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Spine Surgery Center, Wenzhou 325027, China.

Rapid development of 3D printing techniques has led to the design of navigation templates to assist with accurate insertion of pedicle screws in last decades. However, there are still without the precise step-by-step methods to design 3D navigation templates from computed tomography (CT) images. Our present article provides a detailed protocol to allow the readers or researchers to obtain the 3D navigation template easily, and assist with pedicle screw insertion in their future research and surgery. Read More

J Spine Surg 2018 Sep;4(3):560-567

Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.

Background: Wound complications can occur in up to 20% of patients following multilevel posterior spinal fusion. Currently, the use of local flaps has been reported in high-risk patients with a history of spinal neoplasm, radiation therapy, exposed hardware, multiple spine surgeries, or wound infections. However, there are no reports of prophylactic muscle flap wound closure in patients undergoing multi-level spinal fusion for degenerative pathology. Read More

Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2019 Feb 14;15:1-6. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Advanced Technology Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel.

•Of 310 brain tumors patients recruited, histology of 99 lesions was available.•Of those, 5 were histologically confirmed as radiation-induced malformations.•TRAMs cannot differentiate active tumor from vascular malformation. Read More

Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2019 Jan 17;14:51-58. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Japan.

Purpose: To investigate chronological changes in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients who received iodine-125 brachytherapy (BT) for prostate cancer.

Methods: We enrolled 706 patients who received BT. Of these, 265 (38%) received BT combined with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Read More

Sci Adv 2018 Dec 12;4(12):eaau2768. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

NIOZ-Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Ocean Systems, and Utrecht University, Texel, Netherlands.

Giant mineral dust particles (>75 μm in diameter) found far from their source have long puzzled scientists. These wind-blown particles affect the atmosphere's radiation balance, clouds, and the ocean carbon cycle but are generally ignored in models. Here, we report new observations of individual giant Saharan dust particles of up to 450 μm in diameter sampled in air over the Atlantic Ocean at 2400 and 3500 km from the west African coast. Read More

Eur J Radiol Open 2019 5;6:1-8. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Dept of Surgery and Urology, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Ablation therapies for tumours are becoming more used as ablation modalities evolve and targeting solutions are getting better. There is an increasing body of long-term results challenging resection and proving lower morbidities and costs. The aim of this paper is to share the experiences from a high-volume centre in introducing computer assisted targeting solutions and efficient ablation modalities like microwave generators and irreversible electroporation. Read More

Front Oncol 2018 28;8:558. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.

A subset of metastatic brain tumors occurs in deep-seated locations. Accessing and resecting these lesions can be associated with significant morbidity because it involves large craniotomies, extensive white matter dissection, prolonged retraction, and risk of inadvertent tissue injury. As a result, only palliative treatment options are typically offered for these lesions including observation, needle biopsies, and/or radiation therapy. Read More

Front Oncol 2018 28;8:440. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.

To investigate the impact of proton radiotherapy (PBT) on overall survival (OS) and evaluate PBT usage trends for patients with gliomas in the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB). Patients with a diagnosis of World Health Organization (WHO) Grade I-IV glioma treated with definitive radiation therapy (RT) between the years of 2004-13 were identified. Patients were stratified based on WHO Grade and photon radiotherapy (XRT) vs. Read More

Cureus 2018 Oct 9;10(10):e3435. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Radiation Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry - Western University, London, CAN.

Purpose To evaluate acute and late genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity and the biochemical control of pure hypofractionated radiotherapy (without acceleration) for the treatment of prostate cancer. Methods and materials This phase II prospective trial evaluated low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients who received hypofractionated radiotherapy. Fifty-three patients with low-risk prostate cancer received 50 Gy in 15 fractions, 156 patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer received 60 Gy in 20 fractions over eight weeks. Read More

Oncoimmunology 2019 2;8(1):e1523097. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany.

The major goal of radiotherapy is the induction of tumor cell death. Additionally, radiotherapy can function as cancer vaccination by exposing tumor antigens and providing adjuvants for anti-tumor immune priming. In this regard, the mode of tumor cell death and the repertoire of released damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are crucial. Read More

Oncoimmunology 2019 11;8(1):e1507669. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Nearly half of melanoma patients develop brain metastases during the course of their disease. Despite advances in both localized radiation and systemic immunotherapy, brain metastases remain difficult to treat, with most patients surviving less than 5 months from the time of diagnosis. While both treatment regimens have individually shown considerable promise in treating metastatic melanoma, there is interest in combining these strategies to take advantage of potential synergy. Read More

J Clin Imaging Sci 2018 15;8:52. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science, University of L'aquila, L'aquila, Italy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare image quality and mean radiation dose between two groups of patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) using a 640-slice CT scanner with two protocols with different noise level thresholds expressed as standard deviation (SD).

Materials And Methods: Two-hundred and sixty-eight patients underwent a CCTA with 640 slice CT scanner. In the experimental group (135 patients), an SD 51 protocol was employed; in the control group (133 patients), an SD 33 protocol was used. Read More

J Clin Imaging Sci 2018 15;8:49. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, University of Michigan Health System. Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Malleus fracture is a rare condition. Usually, the handle of the malleus is involved, and we do not find reports in the literature of this condition in the bilateral presentation. It is present as sudden conductive hearing loss commonly after digital manipulation of the external auditory canal. Read More

Oncotarget 2018 Nov 16;9(90):36083-36101. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.

Radiation is utilized in the therapy of more than 50% of cancer patients. Unfortunately, many malignancies become resistant to radiation over time. We investigated the hypothesis that one method of a cancer cell's ability to survive radiation occurs through cellular communication via exosomes. Read More

J Rural Med 2018 Nov 29;13(2):110-115. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Radiation Therapy, Suzuka General Hospital, Japan.

Chemoradiation therapy is among the standard treatments for cancer, which often causes a decrease in appetite and subsequent weight loss. When weight loss occurs during treatment, the external body contour changes from that indicated during initial planning, causing changes in dose distribution to the target tumor regions and organs at risk (OARs). This study aimed to examine the dose changes to both the target regions and OARs, based on the dose-volume histogram (DVH). Read More

Oncol Lett 2018 Dec 3;16(6):7245-7255. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Department of Oncology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Sisters of Mercy University Hospital Center, University Hospital for Tumors, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) are a large family of tumor-associated antigens expressed in human tumors of different histological origin, but not in normal tissues, with the exception of the testes and placenta. Numerous immunohistochemical studies have reported associations between CTA expression and a negative estrogen receptor (ER) status in breast tumors, and demonstrated that CTAs are frequently expressed in tumors with higher nuclear grade. The expression of CTAs has not been studied as extensively in ductal carcinoma (DCIS) as it has been in invasive breast cancer. Read More

Oncol Lett 2018 Dec 10;16(6):7195-7203. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Medical Oncology, St. Salvatore Hospital, I-67100 L'Aquila, Italy.

The most frequent site of recurrence in breast cancer (BC) is the bone, particularly in patients with 'luminal-like' disease. Denosumab has been shown to prevent aromatase inhibitors (AIs) induced bone resorption in postmenopausal early BC patients and reduce skeletal-related events (SREs) in bone metastatic breast cancer (BMBC). A 'real life' analysis of 90 BMBC patients treated with denosumab was performed. Read More

Oncol Lett 2018 Dec 27;16(6):6903-6909. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.

Early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is of vital importance for improving prognosis and survival rates. MicroRNA (miRNA) are a class of short and non-coding RNA molecules that are capable of inhibiting the translation of mRNA of target genes. Previous studies have revealed that miRNA are involved in tumorigenesis and cancer development. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2018 Dec 27;16(6):4859-4864. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

Department of Radiation, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China.

Oridonin is an active component of the traditional Chinese herb . The present study aimed to evaluate the antitumor effects of oridonin on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and explore whether oridonin could enhance their radiosensitivity. Oridonin was demonstrated to inhibit the proliferation of SPC-A-1 and HCC827 lung cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which was detected using the MTT assay. Read More

Front Plant Sci 2018 29;9:1747. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018. Read More

J Appl Crystallogr 2018 Dec 9;51(Pt 6):1623-1632. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Coupling of size-exclusion chromatography with biological solution small-angle X-ray scattering (SEC-SAXS) on dedicated synchrotron beamlines enables structural analysis of challenging samples such as labile proteins and low-affinity complexes. For this reason, the approach has gained increased popularity during the past decade. Transportation of perishable samples to synchrotrons might, however, compromise the experiments, and the limited availability of synchrotron beamtime renders iterative sample optimization tedious and lengthy. Read More

J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018 10;318(3):1587-1596. Epub 2018 Nov 10.

8Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, 036-8564 Japan.

Distributions of radiocaesium (Cs and Cs) derived from the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP1) accident in the North Pacific Ocean in the summer of 2012 were investigated. We have estimated the radiocaesium inventory in the surface layer using the optimal interpolation analysis and the subducted amount into the central mode water (CMW) by using vertical profiles of FNPP1-Cs and mass balance analysis as the first approach. The inventory of the Cs in the surface layer in the North Pacific Ocean in August-December 2012 was estimated at 5. Read More

Nat Rev Immunol 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Nature Reviews Immunology, .

Oncogene 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

γδ T cells are a unique lymphocyte population that have been reported to have either anti- or pro-tumoral functions in several cancer types, but the mechanisms are underinvestigated. Exosomes, initially considered to be cellular "garbage dumpsters," are now implicated in mediating interactions with the cellular environment. Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors and is believed to alter tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs), which mediate the hypoxic evolution of the tumor microenvironment in return. Read More

Nat Commun 2018 Dec 13;9(1):5292. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.

Extreme field gradients intrinsic to relativistic laser-interactions with thin solid targets enable compact MeV proton accelerators with unique bunch characteristics. Yet, direct control of the proton beam profile is usually not possible. Here we present a readily applicable all-optical approach to imprint detailed spatial information from the driving laser pulse onto the proton bunch. Read More

J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2018 Dec;16(12):1491-1498

Scientific Center for Quality of Healthcare, and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam; Department of Medical Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Nederlands Kanker Instituut, Amsterdam; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht; Department of Research, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht; Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen; Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Centre, Utrecht; Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Elisabeth Tweesteden Ziekenhuis Tilburg, Tilburg; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MC Haaglanden-Bronovo, The Hague; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen; Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Nederlands Kanker Instituut, Amsterdam; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam Zuid-Oost; and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Monitoring and effectively improving oncologic integrated care requires dashboard information based on quality registrations. The dashboard includes evidence-based quality indicators (QIs) that measure quality of care. This study aimed to assess the quality of current integrated head and neck cancer care with QIs, the variation between Dutch hospitals, and the influence of patient and hospital characteristics. Read More

J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2018 Dec;16(12):1451-1457

Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora; Department of Surgery and Department of Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver; ACCORDS at University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora; Health Services Research, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver; Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver; and Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado.

Timely detection and treatment of breast cancer is important in optimizing survival and minimizing recurrence. Given disparities in breast cancer outcomes based on socioeconomic status, we examined time to diagnosis and treatment in a safety-net hospital. : We conducted a retrospective review of all patients with breast cancer diagnosed between July 1, 2010, and June 30, 2012 (N=120). Read More

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

From the Department of Radiology (H.J., X.L., C.J., M.W., C.L., J.Y.), First Affiliated Hospital

Background And Purpose: Periventricular white matter injury is the common cause of spastic cerebral palsy. However, the early diagnosis of spastic cerebral palsy still remains a challenge. Our aim was to investigate whether infants with periventricular white matter injury with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy have unique lesions different from those in infants without cerebral palsy and to evaluate the efficiency of DTI in the early diagnosis of spastic cerebral palsy. Read More

JMIR Res Protoc 2018 Dec 13;7(12):e11256. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Background: In patients with prostate cancer (PCa) with histopathologically proven pelvic lymph node (LN) metastasis (pN1) after extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND), multimodality treatment consisting of treatment of the primary tumor and whole pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT) combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) offers promising results, leading to better cause-specific survival rates compared with ADT alone. However, in case more than one pelvic LN is invaded by the tumor, approximately 40% of the patients relapse biochemically and clinically. Clinical relapse is present in the para-aortic LNs (M1a disease) in up to 77% of the relapsing cases. Read More

Lancet Oncol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Background: Survival from colorectal cancer has been shown to be lower in Denmark and England than in comparable high-income countries. We used data from national colorectal cancer registries to assess whether differences in the proportion of patients receiving resectional surgery could contribute to international differences in colorectal cancer survival.

Methods: In this population-based study, we collected data from all patients aged 18-99 years diagnosed with primary, invasive, colorectal adenocarcinoma from Jan 1, 2010, to Dec 31, 2012, in Denmark, England, Norway, and Sweden, from national colorectal cancer registries. Read More

Clin Ther 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Management and Economics Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Purpose: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. In the past 10 years in Iran, prostate cancer has increased and become more common among hormone-related cancers. As the percentage of seniors in the population increases, the economic burden of this cancer will likely increase significantly. Read More

Auris Nasus Larynx 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Departments of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya City University, Japan.

We report a rare case of sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) associated with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC). To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe SNEC found during the treatment of sinonasal IP. Surgery and five cycles of cisplatin plus etoposide with concurrent intensity modulated radiation therapy were performed. Read More

Semin Nucl Med 2019 Jan 17;49(1):71-81. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address:

Ventilation/Perfusion (V/Q) positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) is now possible by substituting Technetium-99m (Tc) with Gallium-68 (Ga), using the same carrier molecules as conventional V/Q imaging. Ventilation imaging can be performed with Ga-carbon nanoparticles using the same synthesis device as Technegas. Perfusion imaging can be performed with Ga-macroaggregated albumin. Read More

Semin Nucl Med 2019 Jan 22;49(1):47-57. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Oncology-pathology. Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

Environmental and occupational exposure to particulate aerosols is known to have negative health effects. However little is known about how these aerosols trigger the development of pathophysiological mechanisms in the body or the fate of ultrafine particles in the lungs after inhalation. The development of aerosols of different origin that can be labeled to a large variety with radionuclides compatible with clinical gamma camera systems opens the possibility of using lung scintigraphy imaging to study these causalities in detail. Read More

Semin Nucl Med 2019 Jan 15;49(1):37-46. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Oncology-Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) provides high contrast three dimensional images of the regional distribution of a radiotracer. SPECT is a widely used technique in pulmonary investigations of the ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q) in the adult patient, mainly in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. However, safety concerns among practitioners due to radiation exposure and the use of macroaggregate albumin for the perfusion scan have historically precluded the use of SPECT in pediatric patients with nonembolic pulmonary disorders. Read More

Semin Nucl Med 2019 Jan 12;49(1):31-36. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address:

Curative-intent lung cancer radiation therapy either alone (RT) or combined with immuno-chemotherapy is associated with potential risk of serious radiation-induced lung injury. This review provides a summary of the role of SPECT ventilation perfusion (V/Q) imaging as an emerging adjunct to lung cancer RT planning and treatment dosimetry. Denoted "functional lung avoidance RT" it is hypothesized that preferential dosimetric avoidance of physiologically functional lung may reduce the frequency of radiation-induced lung injury. Read More

Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2018 Dec 30;21(4):242-248. Epub 2018 Jul 30.

Interventional Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX.

The average clinical practice of most interventional radiologists focuses on the care of adults (for practical purposes, defined as most patients over age 15). However, an increasing number of pediatric patients are being referred to Interventional Radiologists for evaluation and possible treatment. In some cases, these patients may not require significant deviation from the normal procedures of the lab (e. Read More

Int J Med Inform 2019 Jan 23;121:53-57. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Austin Health, Department of Radiation Oncology, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Cancer Medicine, Latrobe University, Melbourne, Australia.

Objectives: To implement a system for unsupervised extraction of tumor stage and prognostic data in patients with genitourinary cancers using clinicopathological and radiology text.

Methods: A corpus of 1054 electronic notes (clinician notes, radiology reports and pathology reports) was annotated for tumor stage, prostate specific antigen (PSA) and Gleason grade. Annotations from five clinicians were reconciled to form a gold standard dataset. Read More

Radiat Oncol 2018 Dec 13;13(1):244. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: To evaluate the modulation indices (MIs) for predicting the plan delivery accuracies of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans.

Methods: A total of 100 dynamic IMRT plans that used TrueBeam STx and 102 dynamic IMRT plans that used Trilogy were selected. For each plan, various MIs were calculated, which included the modulation complexity score (MCS), plan-averaged beam area (PA), plan-averaged beam irregularity (PI), plan-averaged beam modulation (PM), MI quantifying multi-leaf collimator (MLC) speeds (MI), MI quantifying MLC acceleration (MI), and MI quantifying MLC acceleration and segment aperture irregularity (MI). Read More

BMC Cancer 2018 Dec 13;18(1):1249. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.

Background: Thymomas are typically slow-growing tumors and AB type thymomas are considered no/low risk tumors with a better prognosis. Extra-thoracic metastases are extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, no patient with an isolated splenic metastasis from a thymoma has been reported. Read More

Klin Onkol 2018 ;31(6):434-438

Background: The number of cancer patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices receiving radiotherapy is increasing. Irradiation of such patients can cause malfunctions in pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. In this respect, it is necessary to make a proper irradiation plan for such cancer patients to minimize the dose received by both cardiac devices and pacing leads. Read More

Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018 Dec 12;8(12). Epub 2018 Dec 12.

School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China.

The spectral range of solar radiation observed on the earth is approximately 295 to 2500 nm. How to widen the absorption band of the plasmonic absorber in this range has become a hot issue in recent years. In this paper, we propose a highly applicable refractory perfect absorber with an elliptical titanium nanodisk array based on a silica⁻titanium⁻silica⁻titanium four-layer structure. Read More

Sensors (Basel) 2018 Dec 12;18(12). Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Characterisation, Inspection & Decontamination Group, Sellafield Ltd., Cumbria CA20 1PG, UK.

Due to the short path length of alpha particles in air, a detector that can be used at a distance from any potential radiological contamination reduces the time and hazard that traditional alpha detection methods incur. This would reduce costs and protect personnel in nuclear power generation and decommissioning activities, where alpha detection is crucial to full characterisation and contamination detection. Stand-off alpha detection could potentially be achieved by the detection of alpha-induced radioluminescence, especially in the ultraviolet C (UVC) wavelength range (180⁻280 nm) where natural and artificial background lighting is less likely to interfere with detection. Read More

Materials (Basel) 2018 Dec 11;11(12). Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.

This study aimed to evaluate the titanium (Ti) implants coated with collagen type Ⅰ crosslinked using gamma-irrigation or glutaraldehyde (GA). The in vitro surface observations, quantification assay, and cell studies using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were conducted. For in vivo experiments, the implants were divided into three groups and inserted into the rat tibias: control group (non-treated Ti implant), GA group (Ti implants coated with GA-crosslinked collagen) and 25 kGy group (Ti implants coated with gamma-radiation-crosslinked collagen at dose of 25 kGy). Read More