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J Clin Sleep Med 2022 May 9. Epub 2022 May 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, GA.

Study Objectives: To determine if obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) predisposes patients to glaucoma and macular disease due to vascular compromise by evaluating retinal and optic nerve vasculature and function using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) and Humphrey visual field testing, respectively.

Methods: In this prospective, observational, cross-sectional study forty-five patients undergoing polysomnography ordered per standard of care were selected and stratified based on apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Medical history, visual acuity testing, 24-2 Humphrey visual field (HVF), intra-ocular pressure measurement, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) studies of the macular and peripapillary retina were obtained. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 6. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Clinic Hospital of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Purpose: To investigate the macular and circumpapillary retinal microvasculature across all stages of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional, observational study analysed a total of 119 eyes of 60 patients with molecularly confirmed LHON across all stages and 120 eyes of 60 control subjects. Optical coherence tomography angiography maps centred on the fovea and optic disc were obtained to measure vessel densities (VDs) in the macular superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses, and the radial peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP) respectively. Read More

J Orthop Case Rep 2021 Jun;11(6):63-67

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Plainview, New York, United States.

Introduction: Perilunate dislocations are rare high-energy injuries, and the diagnosis is not infrequently missed at initial presentation. The combination of fractures resulting in a trans-styloid, trans-scaphoid, and trans-triquetral perilunate fracture dislocation is extremely rare. Early recognition and diagnosis of these injuries is prudent to restore patient function and prevent morbidity. Read More

J Hand Surg Glob Online 2022 Jan 23;4(1):45-48. Epub 2021 Oct 23.

Seradge Medical, Oklahoma City, OK.

Ulnar nerve entrapment at the wrist can cause debilitating sensory, motor, or sensory and motor deficits in the hand. The sources of compression have been well documented, with ganglions, lipomas, and trauma being common etiological factors. We treated a professional sculptor with intrinsic pain and weakness in her dominant hand because of compression caused by the subperiosteal course of her deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve. Read More

J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2022 Apr 31;27(2):334-339. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Kurume University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.

A palmaris longus (PL) to extensor pollicis longus (EPL) is a standard tendon transfer used to restore thumb extension in patients with radial nerve palsy. This transfer is done by withdrawing the EPL from the third compartment and passing it subcutaneously to reach the PL. We modified this transfer by rerouting the EPL through the second extensor compartment to improve the retropulsion of the thumb. Read More

Cellulose (Lond) 2021 Mar 10;28(5):2791-2803. Epub 2021 Feb 10.

Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Maine.

Peripheral neuropathy arising from physical trauma is estimated to afflict 20 million people in the United States alone. In one common surgical intervention, neural conduits are placed over the nerve stumps to bridge the gap and create a microenvironment conducive to regeneration. It has been proposed that a biocompatible material such as cellulose nanofiber may serve as a viable conduit material, providing a non-inflammatory and mechanically stable system. Read More

J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2022 ;32(1):45-59

Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; National Organization for Medicines (EOF), Athens, Greece.

The ulnar nerve originates from the anterior division of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus which continues as the medial cord and gives off branches to the forearm and the hand with motor and sensory fibers. The objective of the current study is to assemble the recognized anatomical variations of the ulnar nerve (UN) and underline their clinical impact. A literature search was undertaken via PubMed database, using the term: "ulnar nerve AND variations. Read More

Orthop Clin North Am 2022 Apr 8;53(2):145-154. Epub 2022 Mar 8.

Department of Orthopaedic Traumatology, University of Maryland, 22 South Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address:

Radial nerve injury with humeral shaft fracture is common. Treatment options include expectant management, early exploration and repair, delayed reconstruction, nerve transfers, and tendon transfers. Knowledge of the appropriate application of these treatments will assist orthopedic surgeons and nerve surgeons in coordinating care for these patients. Read More

Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2021 Nov-Dec;25(6):509-515. Epub 2022 Feb 17.

Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Background And Aims: The measuring tools used for assessment of neuropathy include various questionnaires, monofilament testing, Biothesiometry and the gold standard test, nerve conduction studies (NCS). This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), Biothesiometry, Semmes Weinstein Monofilament (SWMF), Sural Radial Amplitude Ratio (SRAR) and minimal F wave latency as compared to conventional NCS and arrive at a simple diagnostic algorithm for early detection of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN).

Methods: In a cross-sectional observational study on 48 Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, MNSI, Biothesiometry, SWMF and NCS including F waves and SRAR were done and diagnostic accuracies (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values) calculated taking NCS as gold standard. Read More

J Burn Care Res 2022 Mar 30. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

While high-voltage electrical injuries usually cause severe burn wounds and axonal polyneuropathy, low-voltage electrical injuries cause limited cutaneous wounds and demyelinating mononeuropathy, of which the median and ulnar nerves are the most commonly involved. We present the case of a 42-year-old man who suffered a 480-voltage electrical injury at his right elbow, resulting in a 24 × 10 cm fourth-degree burn wound and immediate radial nerve palsy. The burn wound was debrided with confirmation and preservation of radial nerve continuity. Read More

Cureus 2022 Feb 14;14(2):e22212. Epub 2022 Feb 14.

Neurology, Gulhane Medical School, Ankara, TUR.

Compressive peripheral nerve injury can be observed as a long-term outcome during the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. In this case study, we report a man with bilateral wrist drop due to prolonged noninvasive blood pressure monitoring. A 52-year-old man who had undergone invasive ventilation because of severe COVID-19 pneumonia was admitted with bilateral loss of function of the wrist, digital, and thumb extensors and hypoesthesia in the dorsum of the forearm and hand. Read More

Muscle Nerve 2022 Mar 20. Epub 2022 Mar 20.

Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.

Introduction/aims: Among subtypes of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), different immune pathophysiologies have been proposed. In this study, sensory nerve conduction studies were compared among clinical subtypes to attempt to better understand the underlying pathophysiology.

Methods: A total of 138 patients with CIDP was classified into clinical subtypes: typical CIDP (N = 68), multifocal CIDP (N = 27), or other (N = 2). Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2022 Mar 14:11206721221085834. Epub 2022 Mar 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.

Aim: To develop a suitable radiation optic neuropathy (RON) diagnostic model based on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to reveal the correlation between endocrine and OCTA indexes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with radiation encephalopathy (RE).

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included seventy-seven male NPC patients with RE following radiotherapy (41 non-RON and 36 RON). Endocrine and OCTA indexes were collected. Read More

Clin Neurophysiol 2022 04 29;136:138-149. Epub 2021 Dec 29.

Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Translational Research Collective University of Sydney and Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Objective: The excitability of motor and sensory axons of the main upper limb nerves were compared to characterise the differences between nerves and provide a guide for future studies in human diseases with median neuropathy at the wrist.

Methods: Axonal excitability studies were undertaken on median and ulnar motor (APB and ADM) and sensory axons (D2 and D5) and the superficial radial axons (D1) using a threshold tracking technique.

Results: Compared to the median, ulnar motor axons had reduced early depolarising threshold electrotonus (TEd40(10-20 ms) p = 0. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 02 21;19(4). Epub 2022 Feb 21.

Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain.

Entrapment of the radial nerve at the arcade of Frohse could contribute to symptoms in patients with lateral epicondylalgia or radial tunnel syndrome. Our aim was to determine the validity of applying percutaneous electrolysis, targeting the supinator muscle at the Frohse's arcade with ultrasound imaging and in a Thiel-embalmed cadaver model (not ultrasound-guiding). Percutaneous electrolysis targeting the supinator muscle was conducted in five healthy volunteers (ultrasound study) and three Thiel-embalmed cadaver forearms. Read More

Turk J Ophthalmol 2022 02;52(1):30-36

Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri, Turkey

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate superficial peripapillary vascularization qualitatively and quantitatively in patients with acute non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).

Materials And Methods: Eleven patients with acute NAION and 14 controls were evaluated retrospectively. Complete ophthalmologic examination with best corrected visual acuity, peripheral visual field test, and disc angiography with OCT-A were performed. Read More

J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2022 Jan-Mar;17(1):140-145. Epub 2022 Jan 21.

Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: To present the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) findings of the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network in an individual with severe bilateral methanol-induced toxic optic neuropathy (MTON) in comparison to a normal subject and a patient with retinitis pigmentosa.

Case Report: A 35-year-old man with severe bilateral MTON was referred to the neuro-ophthalmology clinic at the Labbafinejad Medical Center. The Angio Vue OCT 3D set of 4. Read More

Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2022 ;86(1):74-80

Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Moscow, Russia.

Background: Intrafascicular nerve torsion is a rare and poorly studied type of nerve compression. This disease can be assigned to compression-induced neuropathies, but it has a distinctive feature. It is a spontaneous intrafascicular compression following internal local spiral deformation and compression of the nerve outside routine tunnels due to its torsion around its own axis. Read More

Front Neurol 2021 28;12:809359. Epub 2022 Jan 28.

Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

Introduction: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) may have a similar clinical and electrophysiological presentation to non-inflammatory axonal polyneuropathies (NIAPs) when secondary axonal damage occurs. We aimed to investigate if nerve ultrasound can help to differentiate CIDP with additional secondary axonal damage from NIAP.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis, the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the peripheral nerves measured by ultrasound at six suitable nerve sites was compared in 95 patients with CIDP and 82 patients with NIAP. Read More

J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2022 Feb 8. Epub 2022 Feb 8.

Background And Purpose: High-resolution ultrasound is a useful tool in the imaging of upper extremity nerves and depiction of morphology/structural abnormalities, with the benefits of cost-effectiveness, ease of access and capability of dynamic assessment. The focus of this review article will be sonographic assessment of pathologies of commonly imaged upper extremity nerves: radial, median and ulnar nerves.

Methods: A review of the recent literature on sonography of upper extremity nerves was performed, using databases within PubMed, Google Scholar and OVID as well as a textbook resource. Read More

Muscle Nerve 2022 05 28;65(5):E21-E23. Epub 2022 Feb 28.

The Division of Neurology, The Ottawa Hospital/The University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Mediterr J Rheumatol 2021 Dec 27;32(4):373-375. Epub 2021 Dec 27.

Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Star Hospitals, Hyderabad, India.

Radial tunnel syndrome (RTS) is a rare condition resulting from posterior interosseous nerve (a branch of radial nerve) compression, within the radial tunnel. Lateral epicondylitis as a possible aetiology for RTS has been previously described. Here we report a 64-year-old female, with history of scalp psoriasis, who presented with pain over the lateral aspect of the left elbow and proximal forearm for one year, and decreased sensation over the lateral aspect of distal left forearm including the hand for 20 days. Read More

Trauma Case Rep 2022 Apr 25;38:100612. Epub 2022 Jan 25.

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA.

A right hand dominant 18-year-old female with a body mass index greater than forty presented to the trauma bay after sustaining two gunshot wounds to her right upper extremity. On physical exam, she had doppler signals and she reported neuropathy in the right median nerve distribution. She had no active signs of bleeding and she was subsequently taken to computed tomography which revealed an abrupt proximal brachial artery opacification with distal reconstitution in addition to having air tracking into the axillary and subclavian arteries. Read More

J Clin Ultrasound 2022 May 28;50(4):561-563. Epub 2022 Jan 28.

Department of Ultrasound, PUC - Private Ultrasound Center Graz, Lassnitzhoehe, Austria.

Sonographic demonstration of radial nerve compression by a strict permanent suture, with intra-operative correlation. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 01 7;12(1):186. Epub 2022 Jan 7.

Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, Papum Pare District, Arunachal Pradesh, 791112, India.

Diabetes is a serious metabolic disorder with high rate of prevalence worldwide; the disease has the characteristics of improper secretion of insulin in pancreas that results in high glucose level in blood. The disease is also associated with other complications such as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. The development of computer aided decision support system is inevitable field of research for disease diagnosis that will assist clinicians for the early prognosis of diabetes and to facilitate necessary treatment at the earliest. Read More

J Ultrason 2021 Nov 15;21(87):e318-e325. Epub 2021 Dec 15.

Department of Radiology, Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia.

The median nerve is a mixed sensory and motor nerve that innervates part of the flexor muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm and muscles in the lateral part of the hand; palmar cutaneous and digital cutaneous nerves branch from the median nerve, which provides sensory innervation to the skin on the radial side of the palm. Also, the median nerve is an object of interest because neuropathy of the median nerve at the level of the carpal tunnel is the most common entrapment neuropathy which increases dramatically in patients with diabetes. Neuromuscular ultrasound provides extensive diagnostic information and has proved itself as a useful complementary test to electrodiagnostic examinations in cases involving median nerve neuropathy. Read More

Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2021 Dec 22:103194. Epub 2021 Dec 22.

GHI Raincy-Montfermeil, Montfermeil, France.

Introduction: Radial nerve palsy is a classical complication of a humeral shaft fracture. In clinical practice, motor palsy of the radial nerve is sometimes observed without an abnormality felt in the sensory territory.

Hypothesis: We hypothesised that this dissociation between sensory and motor involvement is related to anatomical variations of the sensory innervation of the dorsal surface of the first digit space, thus, we decided to study the nature and frequency of these variations. Read More

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2021 Oct 20:1-4. Epub 2021 Oct 20.

Department of Dermatology, Federal University of Para, Belém, Pará, Brazil.

Introduction: Neuropathic pain is a common and disabling late complication of leprosy. We investigated the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of neuropathic pain in leprosy patients by evaluating nerve conduction, sympathetic skin response (SSR) and A-waves.

Methods: Twenty one leprosy patients with neuropathic pain validated by the Douleur Neuropathique en 4 (DN4)Questionnaire were selected for study. Read More

J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2022 04 8;47(4):410-414. Epub 2021 Dec 8.

Anatomy Department, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

The anconeus nerve is the longest branch of the radial nerve and suitable as a donor for the neurotization of the axillary nerve. The aim of this study was to map its topographical course with reference to palpable, anatomical landmarks. The anconeus nerve was followed in 15 cadaveric specimens from its origin to its entry to the anconeus. Read More

Med Ultrason 2021 Nov;23(4):496-497

Department of anesthesia & pain medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.

Ultrasound (US) could visualize the pathological anatomy of HO and the enlargement site and compression location of the nerve in the cubital tunnel [1]. We read with great interest the article of Jačisko et al[2]. In addition, we report rare US images of HO in direct contact with the swollen ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel that was not detected by plain radiography. Read More