Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Vet Rec 2020 Jul 13. Epub 2020 Jul 13.

Department of Small Animal Medicine, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford, UK.

Background: Canine idiopathic eosinophilic lung disease (ELD) is sparsely documented in the literature.

Methods: Clinical presentation and outcome of dogs diagnosed with ELD (eosinophilic bronchitis or eosinophilic bronchopneumonia) were reviewed. Subgroups were made based on chronicity of clinical signs and findings of thoracic imaging: NCI (no changes in thoracic imaging), BRON (bronchial/peribronchial pattern), INT (bronchointerstitial/interstitial/alveolar). Read More

Cureus 2020 Jun 8;12(6):e8509. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Internal Medicine, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University-Cooper University Health Care, Camden, USA.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) can occur in patients with undiagnosed congenital heart disease, like atrial septal defects (ASDs), causing chronic left-to-right shunting. This may ultimately result in Eisenmenger physiology or syndrome (ES), a reversal of left-to-right shunting, resulting in a right-to-left shunt, thereby causing deoxygenated blood to enter systemic circulation as it bypasses the lungs. Development of PH due to an ASD is uncommon, and the occurrence of ES is <1% as most ASDs are corrected early in life. Read More

Lancet Respir Med 2020 Jul;8(7):726-737

Department of Radiology, Denver, CO, USA.

The term interstitial lung abnormalities refers to specific CT findings that are potentially compatible with interstitial lung disease in patients without clinical suspicion of the disease. Interstitial lung abnormalities are increasingly recognised as a common feature on CT of the lung in older individuals, occurring in 4-9% of smokers and 2-7% of non-smokers. Identification of interstitial lung abnormalities will increase with implementation of lung cancer screening, along with increased use of CT for other diagnostic purposes. Read More

Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020 Jul 10. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

University of Arizona, Department of Pediatrics, Tucson, Arizona, United States.

Rationale: Deficits in infant lung function - including the fraction of expiratory time to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory time (tPTEF/tE) and maximal expiratory flow at functional residual capacity (V̇maxFRC) - have been linked to increased risk for childhood asthma.

Objectives: To examine the individual and combined effects of tPTEF/tE and V̇maxFRC in infancy on risk for asthma and abnormalities of airway structure into mid-adult life.

Methods: 180 participants in the TCRS birth cohort had lung function measured by the chest-compression technique in infancy (mean age±SD: 2. Read More

Eur Respir J 2020 Jul 9. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland.

An increased incidence of lung cancer is well-known among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. It is unknown whether interstitial lung abnormalities, early fibrotic changes of the lung, are a risk factor for lung cancer in the general population.The study's objective was to assess whether interstitial lung abnormalities were associated with diagnoses of, and mortality from, lung cancer and other cancers. Read More

J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2020 Jan-Dec;8:2324709620940496

University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

A 59-year-old male presented with 1 month of progressive dyspnea, 30-lb weight loss, and skin changes on the digits of the hands. In the 4 weeks prior to admission, he was admitted and treated twice for pneumonia at another hospital and received intravenous (IV) vancomycin, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin for a total of 10 days. After admission, he underwent computed tomography imaging of chest, which revealed findings suggestive of interstitial lung disease but given the fact that infection was not ruled out, empiric antibiotics were initiated. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2020 May;12(5):1811-1823

State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic disease, with more than 4 million cases and nearly 300,000 deaths. Little is known about COVID-19 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to evaluate the influence of preexisting COPD on the progress and outcomes of COVID-19. Read More

Tohoku J Exp Med 2020 07;251(3):161-168

Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine.

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4-RD) is distinguished by the infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in a variety of tissues and organs including the pancreas, salivary glands, retroperitoneal lesions, kidney, and lymph nodes with elevated serum IgG4 levels. Even so, central nervous system (CNS) lesions such as brain parenchymal lesions associated with IgG4-RD are scarce. So far, only six cases of IgG4-RD in relation with brain parenchymal lesions have been described, with its characteristics still being not clear. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2020 Jun 25. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Division of Rheumatology, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America. Electronic address:

Recent reports have described a secondary Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) after a prior COVID-19 infection that often has features of Kawasaki disease (KD). Here, we report the case of a 36-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department hypotensive and tachycardic after 1 week of fevers, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, and was found to have the classic phenotype of complete Kawasaki's Disease including nonexudative conjunctivitis, cracked lips, edema of the hands and feet, palmar erythema, a diffuse maculopapular rash, and cervical lymphadenopathy. Initial laboratory studies were significant for hyponatremia, elevated liver function tests including direct hyperbilirubinemia, and leukocytosis with neutrophilia. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2020 Aug 24;129:109147. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Department of Radiodiagnosis, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India.

Purpose: To report the spectrum of chest computed tomographic (CT) imaging findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infected Indian patients.

Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study comprising 147 consecutive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive patients who underwent CT chest. Prevalence, distribution, extent and type of abnormal lung findings were recorded. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2020 Jul 4;14(1):88. Epub 2020 Jul 4.

Department of Neurology, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, 1800 Aoyagi, Yamagata, 990-2292, Japan.

Background: In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been widely used as a crucial therapy in malignant tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause various autoimmune side effects called immune-related adverse events because they generate an exaggerated inflammatory response. Encephalitis associated with atezolizumab has rarely been reported as an immune-related adverse event. Read More

Neurologist 2020 Jul;25(4):106-108

Department of Neurology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.

Introduction: Encephalitis with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-B receptor antibodies (GABA-B receptor encephalitis) is known to have underlying neoplastic condition in half of the cases; however, there could be an additional event that could work as a trigger factor. Here, we report a patient with GABA-B receptor encephalitis associated with small cell lung cancer, which was probably triggered by enterovirus encephalitis.

Case Report: A 53-year-old man was admitted for a seizure, following fever and headache for 3 days. Read More

Eur Radiol 2020 Jul 2. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.

Objectives: To utilize a deep learning model for automatic detection of abnormalities in chest CT images from COVID-19 patients and compare its quantitative determination performance with radiological residents.

Methods: A deep learning algorithm consisted of lesion detection, segmentation, and location was trained and validated in 14,435 participants with chest CT images and definite pathogen diagnosis. The algorithm was tested in a non-overlapping dataset of 96 confirmed COVID-19 patients in three hospitals across China during the outbreak. Read More

J Magn Reson Imaging 2020 Jul 2:e27271. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Background: Noninvasive monitoring of early abnormalities and therapeutic intervention in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease using MRI is important. Lung T mapping has shown potential for local functional imaging without contrast material. Recently, it was discovered that observed lung T depends on the measurement echo time (TE). Read More

Arch Acad Emerg Med 2020 14;8(1):e57. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Introduction: Predicting the outcomes of COVID-19 cases using different clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters is one of the most interesting fields of research in this regard. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between chest computed tomography (CT) scan findings and outcomes of COVID-19 cases.

Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out on confirmed COVID-19 cases with clinical manifestations and chest CT scan findings based on Iran's National Guidelines for defining COVID-19. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2020 Aug 24;15(8):1317-1322. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Department of Radiology, Section of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, University of Missouri- Columbia, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that predisposes patients to cutaneous tumors, pulmonary cysts with recurrent spontaneous pneumothoraces, and a variety of renal neoplasms including hybrid oncocytic and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas. There has been much debate regarding the genetic link with the occurrence of colorectal cancer and other colonic anomalies. Associations between BHD and intestinal adenomatous polyposis and sigmoid diverticulosis have been described in the literature, but there have been no prior reports of appendiceal diverticulosis in patients with BHD. Read More

Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2020 Jun 30. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran.

Objectives: Thalassemia major (TM) is one of the most common blood disorders with a high mortality rate due to cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D deficiency has been suggested to implicate in cardiac abnormalities. In this prospective study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D and tissue Doppler (TD) echocardiographic indices in thalassemia major patients. Read More

BMC Vet Res 2020 Jun 30;16(1):224. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Section of Herd Health and Animal Husbandry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.

Background: Congenital heart diseases are occasionally encountered in the bovine species. Ventricular septal defects (VSD) and atrial septal defects (ASD) are reported to be the most common; however, a vast collection have been reported [1, 2]. Congenital heart diseases is thought to represent less than 3% of all congenital abnormalities in calves [3]. Read More

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020 Jun 3. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Department of Pediatric Cardiology, National Heart Center, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman.

Respir Res 2020 Jun 29;21(1):163. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 52 East Meihua Rd, Zhuhai City, 519000, China.

Objective: This study investigated the influence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on lung function in early convalescence phase.

Methods: A retrospective study of COVID-19 patients at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were conducted, with serial assessments including lung volumes (TLC), spirometry (FVC, FEV1), lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO),respiratory muscle strength, 6-min walking distance (6MWD) and high resolution CT being collected at 30 days after discharged.

Results: Fifty-seven patients completed the serial assessments. Read More

Fetal Diagn Ther 2020 Jun 29:1-11. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Background: Congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM), bronchopulmonary sequestrations (BPS), and CPAM-BPS hybrid lesions are most commonly solitary; however, >1 lung congenital lung lesion may occur.

Objectives: To assess the frequency of multiple congenital thoracic anomalies at a high-volume referral center; determine prenatal ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of these multifocal congenital lung lesions that may allow prenatal detection; and determine the most common distribution or site of origin.

Methods: Database searches were performed from August 2008 to May 2019 for prenatally evaluated cases that had a final postnatal surgical diagnosis of >1 congenital lung lesion or a lung lesion associated with foregut duplication cyst (FDC). Read More

Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2020 Jun 27. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Approximately 5% of patients with sarcoidosis will have cardiac involvement presenting with one or more of ventricular arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and heart failure. It is estimated that another 20 to 25% of pulmonary/systemic sarcoidosis patients have asymptomatic cardiac involvement ( disease). Cardiac presentations can be the first (and/or an unrecognized) manifestation of sarcoidosis in a variety of circumstances. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jun;99(26):e20873

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hebei, China.

Introduction: Central venous catheters related thrombosis (CRT) insertion has been shown to increase the risk of venous thromboembolism, particularly pulmonary embolism (PE). Nevertheless, deaths cased due to PE have been rarely reported.

Patient Concerns: A central venous catheter was introduced through the right jugular vein during the operation due to severe septic shock from a 57-year-old male patient. Read More

Open Heart 2020 Jun;7(1)

National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK

Objective: Due to the low prevalence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in women, stress testing has a relatively low predictive value for this. Additionally, conventional cardiovascular risk scores underestimate risk in women. This study sought to evaluate the role of atherosclerosis assessment using carotid ultrasound (CU) in women attending for stress echocardiography (SE). Read More

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020 Jun 25. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

From the Departments of Radiology (M.L., K.B., M.D.L., W.A.M., Jr, S.P.R.).

There is increasing evidence to suggest that complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection are not only limited to the pulmonary system but can also involve the central nervous system. Here, we report 6 critically ill patients with COVID-19 infection and neuroimaging findings of leukoencephalopathy. While these findings are nonspecific, we postulate that they may be a delayed response to the profound hypoxemia the patients experienced due to the infection. Read More

Br J Radiol 2020 Jul 6:20200515. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea.

During the first two decades of the 21st century, there have been three coronavirus infection outbreaks raising global health concerns by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and the SARS-CoV-2. Although the reported imaging findings of coronavirus infection are variable and non-specific, the most common initial chest radiograph (CXR) and CT findings are ground-glass opacities and consolidation with peripheral predominance and eventually spread to involve both lungs as the disease progresses. These findings can be explained by the immune pathogenesis of coronavirus infection causing diffuse alveolar damage. Read More

Neurol Sci 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Coronavirus infection is a novel respiratory disease affecting people across the world. Although the majority of patients present with fever, dyspnea, cough, or myalgia, various signs and symptoms have been reported for this disease. Recently, neurological symptoms have been noticed in patients with COVID-19 with unknown etiology. Read More

Ann Am Thorac Soc 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 2518, Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.

Rationale: Dynamic collapse of the tracheal lumen (tracheomalacia) occurs frequently in premature neonates, particularly those with common comorbidities such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The tracheal collapse increases the effort necessary to breathe (work of breathing, WOB). However, quantifying the increased WOB related to tracheomalacia has previously not been possible. Read More

Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2020 Jul 29;83(3):195-200. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Respiratory Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

The disease concept of interstitial lung disease with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis at its core has been relied on for many years depending on morphological classification. The separation of non-specific interstitial pneumonia with a relatively good prognosis from usual interstitial pneumonia is also based on the perception that morphology enables predict the prognosis. Beginning with dust-exposed lungs, initially, interstitial pneumonia is classified by anatomical pathology. Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2020 Jun 23;20(1):93. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #79, Qingchun Road, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China.

Background: Takotsubo syndrome is an uncommon, acute, and reversible cardiomyopathy that occurs primarily in postmenopausal females. The clinical presentation of the syndrome resembles acute coronary syndrome, but coronary angiography reveals no obstructive coronary artery disease. Rarely, a catecholamine surge due to pheochromocytoma may induce Takotsubo syndrome. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2020 8;7:209. Epub 2020 May 8.

Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.

An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infections began in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread to the entire country. We sought to delineate the time features of clinical symptoms, virological conversion, and chest radiological abnormalities in individuals infected with this virus in Zhuhai, China. In this retrospective study, we assessed 85 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the Fifth Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, from the 17th of January to the 11th of February 2020. Read More

BMC Vet Res 2020 Jun 22;16(1):209. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital "Mario Modenato", University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato monte, San Piero a Grado, 56122, Pisa, Italy.

Background: In humans, respiratory complications in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) are a common life-threatening comorbidity. Since possible lung impairment has not been individually evaluated in canine AP, the aims of the present study were to: (1) describe the prevalence, types and severity of pulmonary complications in dogs with acute presentation of AP, and (2) evaluate their association with mortality. AP diagnosis was based on compatible clinical and laboratory parameters, abnormal canine pancreatic-lipase test, and positive abdominal ultrasound within 48 h from admission. Read More

J Med Virol 2020 Jun 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Encephalopathy and encephalitis are major and devastating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus-associated central nervous system complications. Hypoxic/metabolic changes produced by intense inflammatory response against the virus triggers cytokine storm and subsequently acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. Hypoxic/metabolic changes result in encephalopathy. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2020 Jun 18. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Departments of Radiodiagnosis, Narayana Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Narayana Health City, 258/A, Bommasandra, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560099, India.

The aim of the study was to identify and correlate the anatomical variants of cardiac structures among patients with heterotaxy. In this retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 13 years duration, 302 patients of congenital heart diseases associated with heterotaxy were studied. All these patients had undergone a meticulous clinical evaluation, echocardiography, and cardiac computed tomography. Read More

Emerg Microbes Infect 2020 Dec;9(1):1444-1452

NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing, P. R. People's Republic of China.

The lung microbiome plays an important role in the pathophysiological processes associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, only a few studies using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing have been reported, and the interactions between (MTB) and the lung microbiome remain poorly understood. Patients with respiratory symptoms and imaging abnormalities compatible with tuberculosis (TB) were enrolled. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jun;99(24):e20578

Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Icesi.

Rationale: Polydimethylsiloxane, commonly referred as silicone, is an inert liquid compound used in esthetic procedures due to its durability and thermal stability, yet the application of non-pure silicone generates risks. One of the complications is systemic embolism syndrome which is presents with fever, hypoxemia, and progression to respiratory failure, diffuse alveolar damage and alveolar hemorrhage, as well as neurological alterations in one-third of the cases. Management is strictly supportive. Read More

BMC Med Imaging 2020 06 15;20(1):64. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Department of Medical Imaging, Anqing Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Renmin road, Anqing, 246000, Anhui, China.

Background: In December 2019, an outbreak of a novel coronavirus pneumonia, now called COVID-19, occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. COVID-19, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread quickly across China and the rest of the world. This study aims to evaluate initial chest thin-section CT findings of COVID-19 patients after their admission at our hospital. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020 Jun 3;136:110158. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Bronx, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Congenital airway malformations can present with respiratory distress, cyanosis, and difficulty feeding in the neonate or infant. Clinical presentation may vary from asymptomatic to fatal airway obstruction. They may exist in isolation or in association with vascular rings and slings, bronchopulmonary malformations, and/or syndromes. Read More

Cells 2020 Jun 10;9(6). Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Division for Allergy, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Pulmonary failure is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the human chromosomal instability syndrome Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). Major phenotypes include recurrent respiratory tract infections and bronchiectasis, aspiration, respiratory muscle abnormalities, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. At present, no effective pulmonary therapy for A-T exists. Read More

Thromb Res 2020 May 25;193:79-82. Epub 2020 May 25.

Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph's University Medical Center, 703 Main St., Paterson, NJ 07503, United States of America.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19) has been reported in almost every country in the world. Although a large proportion of infected individuals develop only mild symptoms or are asymptomatic, the spectrum of the disease among others has been widely variable in severity. Additionally, many infected individuals were found to have coagulation markers abnormalities. Read More

Korean J Radiol 2020 07;21(7):919-924

Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan, China.

Objective: The current study reported a case series to illustrate the early computed tomography (CT) findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pediatric patients.

Materials And Methods: All pediatric patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and who underwent CT scan in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 20, 2020 to February 28, 2020 were included in the current study. Data on clinical and CT features were collected and analyzed. Read More

Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi 2020 Jun;23(6):516-525

Department of Geriatric, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.

Background: Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is one of the most common causes of death in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is defined as malignant cells spreading to meninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Therefore, early diagnosis and timely treatment are essential. CSF cytology is the gold standard for LM diagnosis, however, it has a low sensitivity for diagnosis and can't be used to evaluate the treatment effect. Read More

bioRxiv 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing an exponentially increasing number of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) cases globally. Prioritization of medical countermeasures for evaluation in randomized clinical trials is critically hindered by the lack of COVID-19 animal models that enable accurate, quantifiable, and reproducible measurement of COVID-19 pulmonary disease free from observer bias. We first used serial computed tomography (CT) to demonstrate that bilateral intrabronchial instillation of SARS-CoV-2 into crab-eating macaques () results in mild-to-moderate lung abnormalities qualitatively characteristic of subclinical or mild-to-moderate COVID-19 (e. Read More

Ultrasound Q 2020 Jun;36(2):102-110

Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China.

Chest radiography is the primary imaging modality used for the assessment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in newborns. However, excessively exposing a growing neonate to harmful ionizing radiation may have long-term consequences. Some studies have shown that lung ultrasound (LUS) is helpful in the diagnosis of NRDS. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2020 Jul 7;182(7):1807-1811. Epub 2020 Jun 7.

The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Our improved tools to identify the aetiologies in patients with multiple abnormalities resulted in the finding that some patients have more than a single genetic condition and that some of the diagnoses made in the past are acquired rather than inherited. However, limited knowledge has been accumulated regarding the phenotypic outcome of the interaction between different genetic conditions identified in the same patients. We report a newborn girl with brachytelephalangic chondrodysplasia punctata (BCDP) as well as frontonasal dysplasia, ptosis, bilateral hearing loss, vertebral anomalies, and pulmonary hypoplasia who was found, by whole exome sequencing, to have a de novo pathogenic variant in RAF1 (c. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jun;99(23):e20599

Pediatricians are unfamiliar with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) because of its rarity and paucity of available data, potentially leading to misdiagnosis, late treatments, and mortality. The main purpose of this study was to summarize the clinical manifestations and auxiliary examination findings of four children with CGD confirmed by genetic testing.This was a case series study of children hospitalized at the Pediatric Respiratory Department of Shandong Provincial Hospital. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2020 Jul 4;50(8):1030-1040. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Department of Clinical Radiology, Sidra Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar.

There is a broad spectrum of congenital anomalies of the central pulmonary arteries including abnormalities of development, origin, course and caliber. These anomalies incorporate simple lesions such as isolated pulmonary valve stenosis to very complex anomalies with many associated abnormalities. Part 1 and Part 2 of this review describe the range of anatomical variations that are encountered as well as important aspects of anatomy, physiology and surgical correction. Read More

Asian J Endosc Surg 2020 Jun 3. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Bronchial abnormalities are rare, and they are infrequently associated with pulmonary vascular abnormalities. It is important to identify such abnormal anatomical structures before lobectomy of the lung under thoracoscopy. There have been only three reports on video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy in patients with anomalous bronchi and vascular abnormalities to date. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2020 Jun 3. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.

Background: Cases of e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) have rapidly reached epidemic proportions, yet there remain limited reports within the literature on the associated imaging findings.

Objective: We describe the most common imaging findings observed on chest computed tomography (CT) and chest radiograph (CXR) at presentation and at short-term follow-up at our major pediatric hospital.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of the electronic medical records was performed on all patients with suspected EVALI who were treated at a major pediatric hospital and 11 patients were included for analysis. Read More