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    Microstructural alterations in the onychomycotic and psoriatic nail: relevance in drug delivery.
    Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018 Apr 16. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
    Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Industrial Pharmacy Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
    Despite the important nail alterations caused by onychomycosis and psoriasis few studies have characterized the microstructure of the diseased nail plate and the diffusion and penetration of drugs through this altered structure. This work aimed to characterize the microstructure of the healthy, onychomycotic and psoriatic human nail using Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, optical microscope profilometry and mercury intrusion porosimetry followed by analysis of the structure with PoreCor® software. The results showed that onychomycotic nails have higher porosity and lower amounts of disulfide bonds compared to healthy nails. Read More
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    Pharmacotherapeutic approaches for treating psoriasis in difficult-to-treat areas.
    Expert Opin Pharmacother 2018 Apr 22;19(6):561-575. Epub 2018 Mar 22.
    a Division of Dermatology , Baylor Scott and White , Dallas , TX , USA.
    Introduction: Despite great therapeutic advancements in psoriasis, four notable difficult-to-treat areas including the scalp, nails, intertriginous (including genitals), and palmoplantar regions, pose a challenge to both physicians and patients. Localized disease of these specific body regions inflicts a significant burden on patients' quality of life and requires an adequate selection of treatments. Areas covered: This manuscript discusses appropriate therapies and important treatment considerations for these difficult-to-treat areas based on the available clinical data from the literature. Read More
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    Intramatricial injections for nail psoriasis: An open-label comparative study of triamcinolone, methotrexate, and cyclosporine.
    Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2018 Mar 12. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
    Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot, Punjab, India.
    Background: One of the most effective options available for treating psoriatic fingernails is intramatricial injection of triamcinolone acetonide. Efficacies of intramatricial methotrexate and cyclosporine have not been comparatively evaluated to date.

    Methods: Ninety fingernails in 17 patients were assigned to three groups of thirty nails each, and treated with intramatricial injections of triamcinolone acetonide (10 mg/ml), methotrexate (25 mg/ml) and cyclosporine (50 mg/ml) respectively. Read More
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    Genome-wide transcriptome analysis identifies alternative splicing regulatory network and key splicing factors in mouse and human psoriasis.
    Sci Rep 2018 Mar 7;8(1):4124. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
    Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin, nails, and joints. For understanding the mechanism of psoriasis, though, alternative splicing analysis has received relatively little attention in the field. Here, we developed and applied several computational analysis methods to study psoriasis. Read More
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    Underdiagnosed and undertreated psoriasis: Nuances of treating psoriasis affecting the scalp, face, intertriginous areas, genitals, hands, feet, and nails.
    Dermatol Ther 2018 Mar 6. Epub 2018 Mar 6.
    Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
    Psoriasis of the scalp, face, intertriginous areas, genitals, hands, feet, and nails is often underdiagnosed, and disease management can be challenging. Despite the small surface area commonly affected by psoriasis in these locations, patients have disproportionate levels of physical impairment and emotional distress. Limitations in current disease severity indices do not fully capture the impact of disease on a patient's quality of life, and, combined with limitations in current therapies, many patients do not receive proper or adequate care. Read More
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    Nail psoriasis: clinical features, pathogenesis, differential diagnoses, and management.
    Psoriasis (Auckl) 2017 16;7:51-63. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
    Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
    Psoriasis is the skin disease that most frequently affects the nails. Depending on the very nail structure involved, different clinical nail alterations can be observed. Irritation of the apical matrix results in psoriatic pits, mid-matrix involvement may cause leukonychia, whole matrix affection may lead to red lunulae or severe nail dystrophy, nail bed involvement may cause salmon spots, subungual hyperkeratosis, and splinter hemorrhages, and psoriasis of the distal nail bed and hyponychium causes onycholysis whereas that of the proximal nail fold causes psoriatic paronychia. Read More
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    Altered Bone Remodeling in Psoriatic Disease: New Insights and Future Directions.
    Calcif Tissue Int 2018 May 12;102(5):559-574. Epub 2018 Jan 12.
    Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology Division, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA.
    Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory rheumatic disorder that occurs in patients with psoriasis and predominantly affects musculoskeletal structures, skin, and nails. The etiology of PsA is not well understood but evidence supports an interplay of genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors which promote pathological bone remodeling and joint damage in PsA. Localized and systemic bone loss due to increased activity of osteoclasts is well established in PsA based on animal models and translational studies. Read More
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    Clinical features and nail clippings in 52 children with psoriasis.
    Pediatr Dermatol 2018 Mar 4;35(2):202-207. Epub 2018 Jan 4.
    Division of Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil.
    Background/objectives: Nail clipping, the act of cutting the distal portion of a nail for microscopic analysis, can complement the diagnosis of skin diseases with nail involvement, such as psoriasis. This study aimed to describe histopathologic findings on 81 nails from 52 children and adolescents with skin psoriasis and to determine whether these changes correlated with the severity of skin and nail involvement.

    Methods: Children with psoriasis were enrolled in this cross-sectional study to obtain Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI) scores. Read More
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    Safety and efficacy of apremilast through 104 weeks in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis who continued on apremilast or switched from etanercept treatment: findings from the LIBERATE study.
    J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018 Mar 29;32(3):397-402. Epub 2018 Jan 29.
    Cardiff University and University Hospital of Wales, Wales, UK.
    Background: Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis.

    Objective: To evaluate long-term efficacy and safety of apremilast in biologic-naive patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and safety of switching from etanercept to apremilast in the phase 3b LIBERATE trial.

    Methods: Two hundred fifty patients were randomized to placebo, apremilast 30 mg BID or etanercept 50 mg QW through Week 16; thereafter, all patients continued or switched to apremilast through Week 104 (extension phase). Read More
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    TNF-alpha inhibition could reduce biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis: A 52-week echo-Doppler based quasi-experimental study.
    Med Clin (Barc) 2017 Oct 28. Epub 2017 Oct 28.
    Departamento de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, España. Electronic address:
    Objectives: Psoriasis is associated to endothelial dysfunction, which causes impaired vascular functioning. TNF-α blockers have shown the ability to improve vascular functioning in psoriasis. The nailfold vessel resistance index (NVRI) assesses microvascular functioning at nailfold. Read More
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    Long-Pulsed Nd: YAG Laser Treatment for Nail Psoriasis.
    Dermatol Surg 2018 Feb;44(2):227-233
    Faculty of Medicine Biostatistics, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
    Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which lesions display angiogenesis and increased vascularity.

    Objective: The long-pulsed 1,064-nm neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser treats vascular lesions which suggests that it might also be used to treat nail psoriasis.

    Methods: Sixteen patients (10 males and 6 females) with isolated nail psoriasis or nail with only mild cutaneous involvement were enrolled in the study. Read More
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    New insight into the pathogenesis of nail psoriasis and overview of treatment strategies.
    Drug Des Devel Ther 2017 30;11:2527-2535. Epub 2017 Aug 30.
    Department of Dermatology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
    Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting up to 3% of the general population. The prevalence of nail involvement in psoriasis patients varies between 15% and 79%. While the nails represent a small portion of the body surface area, psoriasis in these areas can have a disproportionate influence on a patient's physical and psychosocial activities. Read More
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    Distinct Patterns and Aetiology of Chromonychia.
    Acta Derm Venereol 2018 Jan;98(1):108-113
    Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Korea.
    Abnormal colouring of the nails may be a sign of underlying systemic or local disorders. This study investigated the prevalence and causes of chromonychia as a whole, as well as of each subtype. Among 163 patients with chromonychia, trauma was the pathogenesis in up to 20. Read More
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    Adalimumab in Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: A Clinical Guide.
    J Drugs Dermatol 2017 Aug;16(8):779-790

    Psoriasis is a common, inflammatory disease that manifests itself as lesions on the skin, which greatly impacts the physical and psychological wellbeing of those affected. The current goal of treatment in psoriasis is to improve the signs and symptoms of disease, whilst minimizing the burden of disease on patient health-related quality of life. Psoriasis can also be associated with other comorbidities such as joint disease, cardiovascular disease, and depression, which can add to the complexity of treatment. Read More

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    Early Visible Improvements during K101-03 Treatment: An Open-Label Multicenter Clinical Investigation in Patients with Onychomycosis and/or Nail Psoriasis.
    Dermatology 2017 5;233(2-3):178-183. Epub 2017 Aug 5.
    Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
    Introduction: Onychomycosis and nail psoriasis can be embarrassing to patients, so improving the appearance of affected nails should be one of the key short-term goals of treatment.

    Methods: An 8-week open-label multicenter study was conducted to assess whether K101-03, a marketed topical treatment containing propylene glycol, glycerol, urea, and lactic acid, could produce rapid cosmetic improvements in affected nails. Adult patients with a big toenail or thumbnail (the "target" nail) affected by onychomycosis (n = 72) or psoriasis (n = 34) or both (n = 1) applied K101-03 to their affected nails once a day for 8 weeks. Read More
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    Nail findings in patients with psoriatic arthritis: A cross-sectional study with special reference to transverse grooves.
    J Am Acad Dermatol 2017 Nov 27;77(5):863-867. Epub 2017 Jun 27.
    Department of Dermatology, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.
    Background: Patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) commonly present with nail manifestations; however, little is known about these manifestations.

    Objective: This study investigated whether nail findings can be used to discriminate between PsA and psoriasis without arthritis.

    Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 118 patients with PsA and 974 patients with psoriasis without arthritis who visited St. Read More
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    Ultrasound entheseal abnormalities at the distal interphalangeal joints and clinical nail involvement in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, supporting the nail-enthesitis theory.
    Semin Arthritis Rheum 2017 Dec 11;47(3):338-342. Epub 2017 May 11.
    Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, University Institute Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Fundacion Dr. Pedro M. Catoggio para el Progreso de la Reumatología, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:
    Objective: It has been shown that nail involvement in psoriasis is associated with systemic enthesopathy. Our objective was to evaluate the association of nail involvement and enthesopathy at distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) level in psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients.

    Methods: Consecutive patients (54 PsO and 56 PsA) seen at the outpatients clinic in this cross-sectional study were included. Read More
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    Vascularity of nail bed by ultrasound to discriminate psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and healthy controls.
    Clin Exp Rheumatol 2017 Sep-Oct;35(5):872. Epub 2017 Jun 16.
    Section of Musculoskeletal Disease, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, UK.
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    Development of psoriatic arthritis during nivolumab therapy for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, clinical outcome analysis and review of the literature.
    Lung Cancer 2017 06 14;108:217-221. Epub 2017 Apr 14.
    Servizo de Oncoloxía Médica & Grupo de Oncoloxía Médica Traslacional, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
    Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The most common type, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is further divided into two main types, squamous cell and non-squamous cell (which includes adenocarcinoma). Nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 programmed death-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, has shown not only an overall survival advantage when compared to docetaxel, but also a relatively good side-effect profile among patients with previously treated advanced squamous and non-squamous NSCLC. Read More
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    Skin findings in autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid disease with respect to thyroid functional status and healthy controls.
    Turk J Med Sci 2017 Jun 12;47(3):764-770. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
    Department of Dermatology, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
    Background/aim: Thyroid disorders are associated with a wide variety of skin disorders that respond to treatment of hormone imbalance in most cases and thus are of vital importance to dermatologists. This study aimed to evaluate skin findings associated with autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid disease with respect to thyroid functional status and healthy controls.

    Materials And Methods: A total of 300 consecutive patients with either autoimmune (n = 173) or nonautoimmune (n = 127) thyroid disease and 100 healthy control subjects were included in this cross-sectional study. Read More
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    Infliximab-Induced Aseptic Meningitis during the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis.
    Case Rep Dermatol 2017 May-Aug;9(2):26-29. Epub 2017 May 22.
    aDepartment of Dermatology, Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan.
    A 42-year-old Japanese man presented with persistent headache during treatment for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) with infliximab. Treatment with infliximab was initiated 3 years before and the psoriatic skin lesions with arthritis were well controlled. However, after 21 doses of infliximab, the skin lesions and joint pain exacerbated and became intractable. Read More
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    Psoriasis in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review.
    J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017 Dec 12;31(12):1991-1998. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
    Argentine Cochrane Center, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
    Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that generally affects the skin, nails and joints. The burden of psoriatic disease in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) remains largely unknown. To estimate the burden of psoriasis in LAC. Read More
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    The effect of smartphone addiction on hand joints in psoriatic patients: an ultrasound-based study.
    J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018 Jan 3;32(1):73-78. Epub 2017 Jul 3.
    Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
    Background: Distal interphalangeal (DIP) arthritis is a frequent form of psoriatic arthritis being often linked to nail psoriasis. Modern society is characterized by overuse of smartphones. Indeed, literature has recently focalized on research into smartphone addiction and health-related problems. Read More
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    Nail Enthesis Ultrasound in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: A Report from the 2016 GRAPPA Annual Meeting.
    J Rheumatol 2017 May;44(5):688-690
    From the Division of Rheumatology, and Division of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
    Musculoskeletal ultrasonography is gaining favor in the evaluation of enthesitis in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Imaging modalities have shown that the enthesis of the distal interphalangeal joint has a close relationship to the nail itself. Studies have focused on the structure and morphology of nails to determine an association between psoriasis nail changes and the presence or severity of PsA. Read More
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    A Novel Apremilast Nail Lacquer Formulation for the Treatment of Nail Psoriasis.
    AAPS PharmSciTech 2017 Nov 28;18(8):2949-2956. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
    Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA.
    The objective was to prepare a novel nail lacquer formulation to improve the ungual and trans-ungual delivery of apremilast for the potential treatment of nail psoriasis. Nail lacquer formulation was prepared using Eudragit® S 100 as a film-forming polymer and the mixture of ethanol, ethyl acetate, and water as a solvent system. As a result of high-throughput screening studies, dexpanthenol and salicylic acid were found to be the potential penetration enhancers. Read More
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    Evidence and Suggested Therapeutic Approach in Psoriasis of Difficult-to-treat Areas: Palmoplantar Psoriasis, Nail Psoriasis, Scalp Psoriasis, and Intertriginous Psoriasis.
    Indian J Dermatol 2017 Mar-Apr;62(2):113-122
    Department of Dermatology, Dr B. C. Roy Post Graduate Institute of Pediatric Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
    Psoriasis is resistant to treatment and it shows frequent relapse; systemic treatment is often associated with toxicities, and long-term safety data are lacking for most of the newer drugs like biologics. Moreover, some body areas such as hands, feet, intertriginous areas, scalp, and nails are even more resistant. Frequently, systemic treatments are necessary considering the higher psychological impact on the patient. Read More
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    Role of nail bed methotrexate injections in isolated nail psoriasis: conventional drug via an unconventional route.
    Clin Exp Dermatol 2017 Apr 10. Epub 2017 Apr 10.
    Department of Dermatology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.
    Nail psoriasis can be a debilitating condition; however, in patients with isolated nail involvement, the use of toxic systemic therapies such as methotrexate may not be justified. We report on 4 patients (30 involved nails between them), who were treated with injections of methotrexate (0.1 mL of a 25 mg/mL solution) into the nail bed at 3-weekly intervals. Read More
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    Subclinical enthesitis in nail psoriasis patients: a case-control study.
    J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017 Apr;15(4):405-412
    Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
    Background: Patients with nail psoriasis have a higher prevalence of psoriatic arthritis; however, the pathogenetic relationship between these two disorders is as yet unclear. Entheses have been suggested as disease epicenter, which might explain the pathogenesis on an anatomical level.

    Objective: To contribute to the elucidation of the hypothesis as regards the anatomical link between nail psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, with the extensor enthesis of the distal interphalangeal joint as the epicenter. Read More
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    Mitigation of disease- and treatment-related risks in patients with psoriatic arthritis.
    Arthritis Res Ther 2017 Mar 20;19(1):63. Epub 2017 Mar 20.
    Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA.
    Psoriatic arthritis is a part of the family of diseases referred to as spondyloarthropathies, a diverse group of chronic inflammatory disorders with common clinical, radiographic, and genetic features. Peripheral arthritis is the most common symptom of psoriatic arthritis and patients also frequently experience involvement of the entheses, spine, skin, and nails. Due to the diverse clinical spectrum of disease severity, tissues affected, and associated comorbidities, the treatment of psoriatic arthritis can be challenging and it is necessary to mitigate risks associated with both the disease and its treatment. Read More
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    Vascular Features of Nail Psoriasis Using Dynamic Optical Coherence Tomography.
    Skin Appendage Disord 2017 Jan 21;2(3-4):102-108. Epub 2016 Sep 21.
    Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fla., USA.
    Background: Nail psoriasis is a painful and disfiguring nail disease that often leads to invasive biopsies. Dermoscopy of the hyponychium can be useful in the diagnosis showing twisted coiled vessels. Structural features of nail psoriasis have been described with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Read More
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    Comparative microscopic analysis of nail clippings from patients with cutaneous psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
    An Bras Dermatol 2017 Jan-Feb;92(1):21-25
    Department of Rheumatology of the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) - Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.
    Background:: The nail involvement in psoriasis is related to psoriatic arthritis and may represent a predictor of the disease.

    Objectives:: To analyze, through nail clipping, clinically normal and dystrophic nails of patients with cutaneous psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.

    Methods:: This is a cross-sectional multicenter study, conducted between August 2011 and March 2012. Read More
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    Dermoscopic features of nail psoriasis treated with biologics.
    J Dermatol 2017 May 2;44(5):538-541. Epub 2017 Feb 2.
    Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.
    Although psoriatic nail lesions are small, they cause considerable discomfort for patients and adversely affect quality of life. Few studies have evaluated the dermoscopic features of psoriatic nails. The aim of this study was to clarify the dermoscopic features of nail psoriasis and identify those that reflect psoriatic activity. Read More
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    [Psoriatic arthritis : Overview of drug therapy options and administration characteristics].
    Hautarzt 2017 Feb;68(2):153-169
    Internistisch-rheumatologische Praxis, München, Deutschland.
    Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the musculoskeletal system with association to skin psoriasis and is characterized by variable clinical symptoms with very heterogeneous degrees of disease suffering for patients. Clinical manifestations essentially include alterations to the skin and nails, peripheral arthritis, enthesitis, dactylitis and/or spinal involvement. This variability necessitates an individualized therapy of patients with different therapy targets. Read More
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    The impact of age on psoriasis health care in Germany.
    J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017 May 9;31(5):870-875. Epub 2017 Mar 9.
    Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.
    Introduction: Inequality between age groups has been demonstrated in the prescription of biologics, yet systematic real-world data about age-related differences in psoriasis care are missing.

    Objective: To investigate disparities in psoriasis characteristics by age groups and to identify potential impact on psoriasis health care.

    Patients And Methods: Data analysis included 3615 patients from the German psoriasis registry PsoBest, which observes adult patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) on systemic treatment over a time period of 10 years. Read More
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    Lesions on the back of hands and female gender predispose to stigmatization in patients with psoriasis.
    J Am Acad Dermatol 2017 Apr 6;76(4):648-654.e2. Epub 2017 Jan 6.
    Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:
    Background: Psoriasis vulgaris is characterized by disfiguring and stigmatizing skin lesions. The links among lesions distribution, severity, and stigmatization remain unclear.

    Objective: We sought to investigate if the involvement of visible and sensitive areas is linked to stigmatization. Read More
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    Detection of subclinical ultrasound enthesopathy and nail disease in patients at risk of psoriatic arthritis.
    Joint Bone Spine 2017 Dec 5;84(6):703-707. Epub 2016 Dec 5.
    Department of Rheumatology, Brest University Hospital, 29280 Brest, France; Ultrasound Unit Department, Brest University Hospital, 29280 Brest, France. Electronic address:
    Objectives: To detect subclinical entheses and nail abnormalities using gray-scale (GS) and power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) between patients with nail psoriasis and those with inverse and scalp psoriasis.

    Methods: In this prospective monocentric study, patients with nail, inverse and scalp psoriasis, without psoriatic arthritis or systemic treatment, were included. Clinical evaluation and ultrasonographic assessment of 14 entheses and 12 nails were done by a dermatologist (clinical assessment) and a rheumatologist (ultrasonographic assessment). Read More
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    Ixekizumab treatment improves fingernail psoriasis in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis: results from the randomized, controlled and open-label phases of UNCOVER-3.
    J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017 Mar 2;31(3):477-482. Epub 2016 Dec 2.
    Dermatology and Clinical Research, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
    Background: Fingernail psoriasis is difficult to treat.

    Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effect of ixekizumab, a monoclonal antibody selectively targeting IL-17A, on fingernail psoriasis.

    Methods: This Phase 3, double-blind trial (UNCOVER-3) randomized patients to placebo, etanercept (50-mg twice weekly), or 80 mg ixekizumab as one injection every 4 (IXE Q4W) or 2 weeks (IXE Q2W) after a 160-mg starting dose. Read More
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    State of the art of ultrasound in the assessment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
    Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2017 05 2;13(5):439-447. Epub 2016 Dec 2.
    a Division of Musculoskeletal and Rheumatic Disorders , Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación , México City , Mexico.
    Introduction: Ultrasound (US) is a rapidly evolving technique that is gaining increasing success in the assessment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Recently, new research avenues have been opened, and these are focused on the potential of US for the assessment of extra musculoskeletal areas such as skin and nails. This permits work on the concept of 'holistic US assessment of PsA'. Read More
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    Nail Psoriasis: A Systematic Evaluation in 313 Children with Psoriasis.
    Pediatr Dermatol 2017 Jan 22;34(1):58-63. Epub 2016 Nov 22.
    Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Victor Dupouy, Argenteuil, France.
    Background/objectives: Little information is available on the prevalence and clinical aspects of nail involvement in children with psoriasis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical aspects of and the risk factors for nail involvement in French children with psoriasis.

    Methods: We performed a multicenter, cross-sectional study in 23 French dermatology centers. Read More
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    Atypical case of lichen planus recognized by dermoscopy.
    Dermatol Pract Concept 2016 Oct 31;6(4):39-42. Epub 2016 Oct 31.
    First Department of Dermatology, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
    Lichen planus (LP) is an inflammatory disease that affects the skin-mainly the extremities and the trunk-the mucous membranes, the genitalia, the nails and the scalp. The diagnosis of LP is usually established clinically based on the typical morphology and distribution of the lesions in conjunction with the associated itch. We report a patient with LP manifesting highly psoriasiform lesions, that could only be correctly assessed after the application of dermoscopy, which revealed LP-specific findings. Read More
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    Nail involvement can predict enthesopathy in patients with psoriasis.
    J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2016 Nov 10;14(11):1102-1107. Epub 2016 Nov 10.
    Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hospital Universitario, 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
    Background: Although subclinical enthesopathy is a well-established diagnostic criterion for psoriatic arthritis (PsA), it is frequently overlooked, as many patients are asymptomatic. The possibility of finding a clinical clue predicting enthesopathy would help clinicians establish an early diagnosis of PsA.

    Material And Methods: A prospective single-center study of a total of 90 patients with psoriasis was conducted to assess the presence of entheseal abnormalities as detected by ultrasound, and to determine any correlation with nail involvement. Read More
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    Role of HLA-DR Alleles to Increase Genetic Susceptibility to Onychomycosis in Nail Psoriasis.
    Skin Appendage Disord 2016 Sep 13;2(1-2):22-25. Epub 2016 May 13.
    Department of Dermatology, 'Dr. Manuel Gea González' General Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico.
    Background: Patients with nail psoriasis have an increased risk of onychomycosis. Previous studies suggest it may be due to structural changes of the nails. However, a genetic predisposition seems to be also at play. Read More
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    Psoriasis and Topical Iranian Traditional Medicine.
    Iran J Med Sci 2016 May;41(3 Suppl):S54
    Faculty of Iranian Traditional Medicine, The School of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Background: Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin, nails, and joints disease related to the immune system by periods of exacerbations and remissions. It is characterized by thick end, erythematous, and scaling lesions, which affects about 2 to 4 percent of the general population. The disease occurs equally in both sexes and the most common form of the disease is psoriasis vulgaris. Read More
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    Management of psoriatic arthritis: Early diagnosis, monitoring of disease severity and cutting edge therapies.
    J Autoimmun 2017 Jan 9;76:21-37. Epub 2016 Nov 9.
    Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA.
    Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous disease that can involve a variety of distinct anatomical sites including a patient's peripheral and axial joints, entheses, skin and nails. Appropriate management of PsA requires early diagnosis, monitoring of disease activity, and utilization of cutting edge therapies. To accomplish the former there are a variety of PsA-specific tools available to screen, diagnose, and assess patients. Read More
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    Splinter hemorrhages of the nails: a systematic review of clinical features and associated conditions.
    Int J Dermatol 2016 Dec 15;55(12):1304-1310. Epub 2016 Jul 15.
    Department of Dermatology, Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon.
    Splinter hemorrhages (SHs) of the nails represent a frequent although not specific clinical finding that has been associated with conditions of varying severity. However, to date, there is no single report of their characteristics and etiologies. The aim of this study is to guide clinical practice by reviewing all of the data concerning SH of the nails that have become available since the first description of this condition was published in 1923, with particular reference to all clinical features, associated medical conditions, pathogenesis, and necessary workup. Read More
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