Clin Exp Nephrol 2017 Jun 20. Epub 2017 Jun 20.

Hemodialysis Center, Meiko Kyoritsu Clinic, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.

Background: Dialysis patients often have low physical performance due to uremic sarcopenia, protein energy wasting (PEW), and incidence intradialytic hypotension (IDH), which are indicated as risk factors for falling. The objective of this study was to develop a symptom-encompassing evaluation form to predict falls with high sensitivity for dialysis patients.

Methods: A total of 251 patients who had been receiving maintenance hemodialysis therapy three times a week were enrolled in the study. Read More

Nutr Hosp 2017 06 5;34(3):719-726. Epub 2017 Jun 5.

Sección de Endocrinología y Nutrición.

Introduction: Nutritional support for malnourished patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery reduces the complication rate and shortens the length of stay. The efficacy of nutritional support after hospital discharge was analyzed in this systematic review.

Methods: The search strategy (nutrition OR "enteral nutrition" OR "nutritional supplements" OR "oral nutritional supplements" OR "sip feed" OR "sip feeding" OR "dietary counseling") AND ("patient discharge" OR discharge OR postdischarge) AND (surgery OR operation OR "surgical procedure") was followed in Medline, CENTRAL, and Trip databases. Read More

Nutr Hosp 2017 06 5;34(3):584-592. Epub 2017 Jun 5.

Universidad de Granada.

Background: Institutionalization is a risk factor for malnutrition. Low energy intake and/or nutrient deficiencies are considered to be the main causes.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of meals and meal service as well as the nutritional value of the main menus (regular menu, menu for diabetics, and pureed menu) offered in three long-term care (LTC) homes located in the metropolitan area of Granada (Spain). Read More

Eur J Clin Invest 2017 Jun 16. Epub 2017 Jun 16.

Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Protein-energy wasting is a prevalent disorder in hemodialysis. Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) are novel adipokines with recognized lipolytic effects and proposed role in metabolic homeostasis. This study was conducted to investigate the association of ZAG and ATGL concentrations with malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) and metabolic profile of patients with hemodialysis. Read More

Nutrition 2017 Jul - Aug;39-40:50-56. Epub 2017 Mar 23.

Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia; NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Nursing, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Australia.

Objective: Nutrition is an important part of recovery for hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional adequacy of meals provided to and consumed by patients prescribed a therapeutic diet.

Methods: Patients (N = 110) prescribed a therapeutic diet (texture-modified, low-fiber, oral fluid, or food allergy or intolerance diets) for medical or nutritional reasons were recruited from six wards of a tertiary hospital. Read More

J Ren Nutr 2017 Jun 8. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

Department of Pediatrics, Renal Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

Objective: Protein energy wasting is difficult to assess in pediatric hemodialysis (HD) populations because of fluid shifts. Body composition (BC) analysis aids in monitoring nutrition therapy's effects on fat and lean mass. Air displacement plethysmography (ADP) is a "practical" gold standard for fat mass (FM) measurements. Read More

Crit Care 2017 Jun 9;21(1):142. Epub 2017 Jun 9.

Clinical Evaluation Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.

Background: Nutrition guidelines recommendations differ on the use of parenteral nutrition (PN), and existing clinical trial data are inconclusive. Our recent observational data show that amounts of energy/protein received early in the intensive care unit (ICU) affect patient mortality, particularly for inadequate nutrition intake in patients with body mass indices (BMIs) of <25 or >35. Thus, we hypothesized increased nutrition delivery via supplemental PN (SPN) + enteral nutrition (EN) to underweight and obese ICU patients would improve 60-day survival and quality of life (QoL) versus usual care (EN alone). Read More

J Hum Nutr Diet 2017 Jun 6. Epub 2017 Jun 6.

School of Health Professions, Plymouth University, PAHC, Plymouth, UK.

Background: Malnutrition is a problem within hospitals, which impacts upon clinical outcomes. The present audit assesses whether a hospital menu meets the energy and protein standards recommended by the British Dietetic Association's (BDA) Nutrition and Hydration Digest and determines the contribution of oral nutrition supplements (ONS) and additional snacks.

Methods: Patients in a UK South West hospital were categorised as 'nutritionally well' or 'nutritionally vulnerable' in accordance with their Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool score. Read More

Arq Gastroenterol 2017 May 18. Epub 2017 May 18.

Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School / Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.

Background: Patients that underwent Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) present with protein-energy malnutrition. Trace elements are required in small quantities and Chromium (Cr) displays a major role in the metabolism.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate Cr levels and its relationship with serum proteins, BMI and underlying diseases during the first 3 months of PEG feeding. Read More

J Nutr Health Aging 2017 ;21(6):727-732

Fanny Buckinx, M.SC., Ph.D., University of Liège, Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, CHU - Sart Tilman, Bât. B23, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 13, 4000 Liège, Belgium,Tél : +32 43 66 49 33, Fax : +32 43 66 28 12, E-mail :

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare energy and protein content of the served food with the actual intake from the food consumed by nursing home residents. This study also aimed to compare food intake and dietary allowances.

Design: This is a cross sectional study. Read More

J Nutr Health Aging 2017 ;21(6):655-661

Emanuele Cereda MD, PhD, Servizio di Dietetica e Nutrizione Clinica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Tel.: +39 0382 501615 ; Fax: + 39 0382 502801, E-mail:

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence on the efficacy of high-calorie, high-protein nutritional formula enriched with arginine, zinc, and antioxidants (disease-specific support) in patients with pressure ulcers (PUs).

Methods: Randomized controlled trials in English published from January 1997 until October 2015 were searched for in electronic databases (EMBASE, Medline, PubMed, and CINAHL). Studies comparing a disease-specific nutritional support (oral supplements or tube feeding) to a control nutritional intervention enabling the satisfaction of energy requirements regardless of the use of high-calorie formula or placebo or no support for at least 4 weeks were considered eligible. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2016 Oct 18;15:93-100. Epub 2016 Jul 18.

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Unité de Recherche Service de Médecine Gériatrie, Dijon, France.

Background & Aims: To compare the effects of a 12-week nutritional intervention, in which an innovative protein-and-energy-enriched brioche, an oral nutritional supplement or a usual breakfast were eaten, on food intake and nutritional status in nursing home residents.

Design: Three-armed, multicentre, controlled trial.

Setting: Eight nursing homes in Burgundy, France. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2016 Jun 2;13:e23-e27. Epub 2016 Apr 2.

Centre for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, Aalborg University Hospital and Aalborg University, Denmark. Electronic address:

Background/aim: Undernutrition affects about 40% of patients in hospitals. Ordinary food is recommended as the first choice to prevent and correct undernutrition. Meanwhile, sufficient intake, especially regarding protein, is difficult to reach, in patients at nutritional risk. Read More

J Ren Nutr 2017 May 18. Epub 2017 May 18.

Department of Medicine, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev and Roskilde, Denmark.

Objective: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are characterized by protein malnutrition and muscle wasting. Reliable, easy, and cheap methods for evaluating nutrition are desirable. Three methods are commonly available: dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioimpedance (BI), and subjective global assessment (SGA). Read More

JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2017 May 1:148607117709766. Epub 2017 May 1.

6 The Nathan E. Hellman Memorial Laboratory, Renal Division, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Background: We hypothesized that preexisting malnutrition in patients who survived critical care would be associated with adverse outcomes following hospital discharge.

Methods: We performed an observational cohort study in 1 academic medical center in Boston. We studied 23,575 patients, aged ≥18 years, who received critical care between 2004 and 2011 and survived hospitalization. Read More

Eur J Clin Nutr 2017 May 17. Epub 2017 May 17.

Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.

Backgrounds/objectives:Malnutrition is very common in acute hip fracture (HF) patients. Studies differ widely in their findings, with reported prevalences between 31 and 88% mainly because of small sample sizes and the use of different criteria. The aim of this study was to learn the prevalence of malnutrition in a large cohort of HF patients in an comprehensive way that includes the frequency of protein-energy malnutrition, vitamin D deficiency and sarcopenia. Read More

Food Nutr Bull 2017 Jun;38(2):216-225

2 Post-Graduation Program in Epidemiology of the Center for Epidemiological Research of the Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Background: Population exposed to chronic undernutrition in early life seems to be more susceptible to obesity in adulthood due to the development of mechanisms that improve the efficiency of energy use. Therefore, these individuals have relatively reduced energy requirements (thrifty phenotype).

Objective: To investigate, among women living on severe socioeconomic vulnerability, whether short stature, a marker for undernutrition in early life, is associated with excess body weight but not with a high energy intake. Read More

BMC Geriatr 2017 May 15;17(1):108. Epub 2017 May 15.

Universidade da Coruña, Gerontology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, 15071, A Coruña, Spain.

Background: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that affects multiple domains of human functioning. A variety of problems contributes to the development of this syndrome; poor nutritional status is an important determinant of this condition. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine recent evidence regarding the association between nutritional status and frailty syndrome in older adults. Read More

J Acad Nutr Diet 2017 May 2. Epub 2017 May 2.

Background: The validity of the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) in geriatric rehabilitation has been evaluated in a research environment but not in professional practice.

Objective: In older adults admitted to rehabilitation, this study was undertaken to compare the MST scoring agreement (inter-rater reliability) between health professionals with and without malnutrition risk and screening training; to evaluate the concurrent validity of the MST completed by the trained and untrained health professionals compared to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification using different MST score cutoffs; and to determine whether patient characteristics were associated with MST scoring accuracy when completed by health professionals without malnutrition risk and screening training.

Design: This was an observational, cross-sectional study. Read More

Am J Clin Nutr 2017 May 3. Epub 2017 May 3.

Nutrition Services and.

Background: Protein can modulate the surgical stress response and postoperative catabolism. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols are evidence-based care bundles that reduce morbidity.Objective: In this study, we compared protein adequacy as well as energy intakes, gut function, clinical outcomes, and how well nutritional variables predict length of hospital stay (LOS) in patients receiving ERAS protocols and conventional care. Read More

Korean J Pediatr 2017 Apr 25;60(4):118-123. Epub 2017 Apr 25.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a problem in the community. TB patients usually experience malnutrition, which is characterized by both decreased body weight (BW) and body fat percentage (BFP). Leptin, an important regulator of BW, also plays an important role in cellular immunity, which is integral to defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2017 May 1;18(1):144. Epub 2017 May 1.

VU University Medical Centre, department of Nephrology, Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: Poor physical performance and protein-energy wasting (PEW) are health issues of major concern in haemodialysis patients. The conventional haemodialysis (CHD) regime, three times per week 3-5 h, is subject of discussion because of high morbidity and mortality rates. When patients switch from CHD to longer dialysis sessions, i. Read More

Nutr Clin Pract 2017 Apr 1:884533617700862. Epub 2017 Apr 1.

2 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Internal Medicine at VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Rationale: It has been shown that early nutrition intervention improves nutrition status (NS) and treatment tolerance in patients with esophageal cancer. However, it remains unknown whether pretreatment parameters of NS are associated with treatment modifications (TMs) during neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CR) in patients who are intensively nutritionally supervised during treatment.

Methods: All outpatients with esophageal cancer who were scheduled for CR in the VU medical center from 2006-2015 were included. Read More

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2017 May;95(1)

Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.

Dietary restriction (DR) refers to a reduction in food intake to induce undernutrition but not malnutrition, which extends the lifespan of multiple species. Although there are invertebrate aging models, such as the Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, aging studies in Lepidoptera are few in number and the underlying life-extending molecular mechanisms are not clear. Research on a broader range of animals is necessary to support generalizations on mechanisms of aging and rates of aging. Read More

J Nutr Health Aging 2017 ;21(5):567-572

Irma Nykänen, Kuopio Research Centre of Geriatric Care, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, P.O.BOX 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland, Phone +358 40 355 2991, Fax: 358 17 162 131, E-mail :

Objective: To evaluate the effect of individually tailored dietary counseling on nutritional status among home care clients aged 75 years or older.

Design: Non-randomised controlled study.

Setting And Participants: The study sample consisted of 224 home care clients (≥ 75 years) (intervention group, n = 127; control group, n = 100) who were at protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) or risk of PEM (MNA score <24 and plasma albumin <35 g/L). Read More

Schizophr Res 2017 Apr 22. Epub 2017 Apr 22.

Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Yuli Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Hualien, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Protein-energy wasting is associated with poor outcome in various clinical settings. However, the prevalence of malnutrition and the prognostic impact of nutritional status are poorly understood in institutionalized patients with chronic schizophrenia. This study aimed to assess the predictive ability of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and Onodera's Prognostic Nutritional Index for long-term outcomes in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Read More

Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017 Apr;1393(1):34-50

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.

Adolescence is a critical stage in the life cycle, and adequate nutrition is necessary for the proper growth and development of individuals and their offspring. Here, we comprehensively review all published systematic reviews (through October 2016) on adolescents (10-19 years) and women of reproductive age, including pregnant women, which targeted interventions related to nutrition. For interventions where there was no existing systematic review on adolescents, we reviewed primary studies/trials. Read More

Nutrients 2017 Apr 18;9(4). Epub 2017 Apr 18.

Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea.

Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is associated with mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on maintenance hemodialysis. The correct diagnosis of PEW is extremely important in order to predict clinical outcomes. However, it is unclear which parameters should be used to diagnose PEW. Read More

Br J Nutr 2017 Mar 17;117(6):796-803. Epub 2017 Apr 17.

1Department of Nutrition,Federal University of Pernambuco,Recife, 50670-901, Brazil.

This study evaluated the effects of a post-weaning high-fat (HF) diet on somatic growth, food consumption, metabolic parameters, phagocytic rate and nitric oxide (NO) production of peritoneal macrophages in young rats submitted to a maternal low-protein (LP) diet. Male Wistar rats (aged 60 d) were divided in two groups (n 22/each) according to their maternal diet during gestation and lactation: control (C, dams fed 17 % casein) and LP (dams fed 8 % casein). At weaning, half of the groups were fed HF diet and two more groups were formed (HF and low protein-high fat (LP-HF)). Read More

Nutrients 2017 Apr 10;9(4). Epub 2017 Apr 10.

Nefrologia, Università di Pisa, 56100 Italy.

The history of dialysis and diet can be viewed as a series of battles waged against potential threats to patients' lives. In the early years of dialysis, potassium was identified as "the killer", and the lists patients were given of forbidden foods included most plant-derived nourishment. As soon as dialysis became more efficient and survival increased, hyperphosphatemia, was identified as the enemy, generating an even longer list of banned aliments. Read More

Nutrients 2017 Apr 10;9(4). Epub 2017 Apr 10.

Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.

Healthy diet is highly important, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Proper nutrition provides the energy to perform everyday activities, prevents infection, builds muscle, and helps to prevent kidney disease from getting worse. However, what does a proper diet mean for a CKD patient? Nutrition requirements differ depending on the level of kidney function and the presence of co-morbid conditions, including hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Read More

Nutr Clin Pract 2017 Apr 1;32(1_suppl):128S-141S. Epub 2017 Mar 1.

6 Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

This article includes a review of protein needs in children during health and illness, as well as a detailed discussion of protein metabolism, including nitrogen balance during critical illness, and assessment and prescription/delivery of protein to critically ill children. The determination of protein requirements in children has been difficult and challenging. The protein needs in healthy children should be based on the amount needed to ensure adequate growth during infancy and childhood. Read More

Nutr Clin Pract 2017 Apr 1;32(1_suppl):6S-14S. Epub 2017 Mar 1.

7 Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.

Protein loss, manifested as loss of muscle mass, is observed universally in all critically ill patients. Depletion of muscle mass is associated with impaired function and poor outcomes. In extreme cases, protein malnutrition is manifested by respiratory failure, lack of wound healing, and immune dysfunction. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017 Mar 22. Epub 2017 Mar 22.

Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The chronic kidney disease (CKD) population is aging. Currently a high percentage of patients treated on dialysis are older than 65 years. As patients get older, several conditions contribute to the development of malnutrition, namely protein energy wasting (PEW), which may be compounded by nutritional disturbances associated with CKD and from the dialysis procedure. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2017 Feb 27;17:110-113. Epub 2016 Oct 27.

Department of Geriatric Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.

Background & Aims: Sufficient energy and protein intake are essential to treatment and recovery of hospitalized older adults. The food intake should be assessed in order to detect patients in need of nutritional intervention. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of three visual methods for assessing energy and protein intake as compared to weighing food items. Read More

Proc Nutr Soc 2017 Mar 28:1-9. Epub 2017 Mar 28.

Nutritional and Health-Related Environmental Studies Section,Division of Human Health,International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre,PO Box 100,1400 Vienna,Austria.

Stable isotopes are non-radioactive, safe and are applied for various purposes in human health assessment in trace amounts that minimally disturb normal physiology. The International Atomic Energy Agency supports the use of stable isotope techniques to design and evaluate interventions addressing malnutrition in all its forms with focus on infant and young child feeding; maternal and adolescent nutrition; diet quality; prevention and control of non-communicable diseases; healthy ageing and gut function. These techniques can be used to objectively measure: (1) amount of human milk consumed and whether an infant is exclusively breastfed; (2) body composition in the context of re-feeding programmes for moderate and severe acute malnutrition and as an indicator of the risk for obesity; (3) bioavailability and bioconversion of pro-vitamin A and vitamin A body stores following vitamin A intervention programmes; (4) absorption and retention of iron, zinc and protein; (5) total energy expenditure for validation of physical activity measurement and dietary assessment tools and (6) diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori. Read More

JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2017 Mar 1:148607117699792. Epub 2017 Mar 1.

1 Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Background: Mitochondrial disease (MD) is a group of disorders caused by dysfunctional mitochondria, the organelles that generate energy for the cell. Malnutrition in patients with MD may lead to increased mitochondrial dysfunction, which may enhance already existing symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients with MD have an insufficient or unbalanced food intake and to establish which nutrients and product groups are particularly compromised in this patient group. Read More

Public Health Nutr 2017 Mar 21:1-13. Epub 2017 Mar 21.

1Department of Nutrition,School of Public Health,University of São Paulo,Av. Dr Arnaldo 715,São Paulo 01246-904,Brazil.

Given evident multiple threats to food systems and supplies, food security, human health and welfare, the living and physical world and the biosphere, the years 2016-2025 are now designated by the UN as the Decade of Nutrition, in support of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. For these initiatives to succeed, it is necessary to know which foods contribute to health and well-being, and which are unhealthy. The present commentary outlines the NOVA system of food classification based on the nature, extent and purpose of food processing. Read More

J Am Coll Nutr 2017 May-Jun;36(4):235-239. Epub 2017 Mar 20.

b Biomedical Research Unit of the Mexican Social Security Institute at Durango , Durango , Dgo ., México.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a nutritional intervention on hospital stay and mortality among hospitalized patients with malnutrition.

Methods: Hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of malnutrition were enrolled and randomly allocated to either an intervention or control group. Participants in the intervention group received an individualized nutrition plan according to energy and protein (1. Read More

J Proteome Res 2017 Apr 30;16(4):1515-1525. Epub 2017 Mar 30.

Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP , São Paulo, SP 04021-001, Brazil.

Programming of hypothalamic functions regulating energy homeostasis may play a role in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)-induced adulthood obesity. The present study investigated the effects of IUGR on the hypothalamus proteome and metabolome of adult rats submitted to 50% protein-energy restriction throughout pregnancy. Proteomic and metabolomic analyzes were performed by data independent acquisition mass spectrometry and multiple reaction monitoring, respectively. Read More

PLoS One 2017 15;12(3):e0172772. Epub 2017 Mar 15.

Research Unit for Dietary Studies at The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg University Hospital, The Capital Region, Frederiksberg, Denmark.

Background: Most children have periods in their life where they reject familiar as well as non-familiar food items and this is often referred to as pickiness. The consequences of pickiness may be malnutrition and, if prolonged, potentially lower body weight. However, studies investigating the consequence of pickiness on subsequent changes in diet intake and weight are limited. Read More

Maturitas 2017 Apr 12;98:20-29. Epub 2017 Jan 12.

Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, 4226, Australia; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.

Protein-energy malnutrition is common amongst people aged 65 years and older, has a multifactorial aetiology, and numerous negative outcomes. Domiciliary carers (non-clinical paid carers) and family carers (including family, friends and neighbours) are required to support the increasing demand for in-home assistance with activities of daily living due to the ageing population. This review provides insight into the role of both domiciliary and family carers in providing individualised nutrition support for older, community-dwelling adults with malnutrition. Read More

J Food Sci 2017 Apr 7;82(4):848-855. Epub 2017 Mar 7.

Dept. of Agrifood Business and Spatial Analysis, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, 15, Ireland.

The aim of this review is to describe the factors contributing to diminished food intake, resulting in nutritional deficiencies and associated health conditions in older adults and proposes food innovation strategies to mitigate these. Research has provided convincing evidence of a link between healthy eating patterns and healthy aging. There is a need to target new food product development (NPD) with functional health benefits specifically designed to address the particular food-related needs of older consumers. Read More

Nutrients 2017 Feb 27;9(3). Epub 2017 Feb 27.

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Elevated protein catabolism and protein malnutrition are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The underlying etiology includes, but is not limited to, metabolic acidosis intestinal dysbiosis; systemic inflammation with activation of complements, endothelin-1 and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) axis; anabolic hormone resistance; energy expenditure elevation; and uremic toxin accumulation. All of these derangements can further worsen kidney function, leading to poor patient outcomes. Read More

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2017 Mar;26(2):247-254

Jagiellonian University Medical College, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Krakow, Poland.

Background And Objectives: Protein-energy and micronutrient malnutrition are global public health problems which, when not prevented and severe, require medical management by clinicians with nutrition expertise, preferably as a collectively skilled team, especially when disease-related. This study aimed to investigate barriers and facilitators of clinical nutrition services (CNS), especially the use of oral, enteral (EN) and parenteral (PN) nutrition in institutional and home settings.

Methods And Study Design: An international survey was performed between January and December 2014 in twenty-six countries from all continents. Read More

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2017 Mar;26(2):227-233

Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School / Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.

Background And Objectives: Patients undergoing endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) present with protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) but little is known about zinc status. Our aim was to evaluate serum zinc, its relationship with serum proteins and with the nature of the underlying disorder, during the first 3 months of PEG feeding.

Methods And Study Design: Prospective observational study during a 3-month period after gastrostomy. Read More

J Nutr Health Aging 2017 ;21(3):320-328

Dr Helen Roberts, Academic Geriatric Medicine Mailpoint 807, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, Tel: 023 8120 4354 Email :

Objective: Malnutrition among older hospital inpatients is common and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Time-pressured staff may struggle to provide mealtime assistance. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of trained volunteer mealtime assistants on the dietary intake of older inpatients. Read More

Nutrition 2017 Mar 22;35:128-131. Epub 2016 Nov 22.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka City, Japan.

Swallowing dysfunction is related to long-term weight loss and reduced body mass index in patients with head and neck cancer. We describe a 76-y-old woman who had severe sarcopenic dysphagia and atrophy of the reconstructed tongue for 17 mo after subtotal glossectomy due to tongue cancer and lost 14 kg during that period. Upon admission, the patient received diagnoses of malnutrition in the context of social or environmental circumstances with insufficient energy intake, loss of muscle mass, localized fluid accumulation, weight loss, and sarcopenia due to reduced skeletal muscle mass (skeletal muscle index <3. Read More

Clin Nutr 2017 Feb 3. Epub 2017 Feb 3.

Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: Studies assessing the performance of 7-point subjective global assessment (7p-SGA) and malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) to assess longitudinal changes in nutritional status are lacking. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether longitudinal changes in 7p-SGA and MIS were associated with changes in objective parameters of nutritional status, as well as to evaluate the prognostic value of 7p-SGA and MIS on hospitalization events.

Methods: One hundred and four patients aged ≥60 years (70. Read More

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2017 May;20(3):204-210

aCentre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada bCentre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.

Purpose Of Review: Maternal and child malnutrition continues to disproportionately affect low and middle-income countries, contributing to high rates of morbidity, mortality, and suboptimal development. This article reviews evidence from recent systematic reviews and studies on the effectiveness of interventions to improve nutritional status in these especially vulnerable populations.

Recent Findings: Macronutrients provided to expectant mothers in the form of balanced protein energy supplements can improve fetal growth and birth outcomes, and new research suggests that lipid nutrient supplements can reduce both stunting and wasting in newborns. Read More