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Aktuelle Urol 2018 Dec 6;49(6):525-529. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Universitatsmedizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Mainz.

Prostate cancer has a heterogeneous genetic profile compared with other tumour entities. Accordingly, there are also various mutations that increase the risk of prostate cancer. Some genetic variants only have a mild impact, whereas other gene mutations (BRCA1 /2; HOXB13) may increase the risk significantly. Read More

Aktuelle Urol 2018 Dec 6;49(6):519-524. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Spital Thurgau AG, Urologie, Frauenfeld.

The classical algorithm of the management of male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) includes a surgical approach in case pharmacological therapy has failed. Emerging minimally-invasive treatments (MITs) offer potential for rapid symptomatic relief, reducing the morbidity of invasive BPH surgery. Convective interstitial radiofrequency water vapour thermal ablation of the prostate with the Rezūm system is a novel MIT for the treatment of bothersome moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH. Read More

Aktuelle Urol 2018 Dec 6;49(6):515-518. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Klinikum Großhadern/Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, München.

Minimally-invasive treatment options for patients with LUTS due to benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) become more and more important because they provide equal long-term efficacy compared with the reference method TURP, while having a more favourable safety profile. There are promising results for PUL (Prostatic Urethral Lift - UroLift) with low complication rates. UroLift is clearly superior regarding the preservation of sexual functions without impairment of ejaculatory function. Read More

Aktuelle Urol 2018 Dec 6;49(6):488-499. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Urologische Universitätsklinik Mannheim, Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Mannheim.

The introduction of robotics led to a decrease in the importance of classical laparoscopy. Nevertheless laparoscopy and retroperitoneoscopy underwent significant technological improvements during the last decade, including introduction of 4k Ultra HD video technology, 3D-HD-videosystems, minaturised instruments, advanced sealing devices, instruments with 7 degrees of freedom, and ergonomic platforms Ethos Chair. The monopoly of robotic surgical devices will end in 2019, because key patents of Intuitive Surgical will expire. Read More

Horm Metab Res 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

Vitamin D has received attention for its potential to disrupt cancer processes. However, its effect in the treatment of prostate cancer is controversial. This study aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on patients with prostate cancer. Read More

Cell Physiol Biochem 2018 Dec 6;51(5):2065-2072. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of General Surgery of East District, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang,

Background/aims: Disseminated tumors, known as metastases, are responsible for ninety-percent of mortality due to cancer. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a phenomenon required for morphological conversion of non-motile discoid shaped epithelial cells to highly motile spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells, is thought to be a pre-requisite for metastatic progression. Metastasis-associated 1 (MTA1) protein is a prime inducer of EMT and metastatic progression in all solid tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Read More

Acta Ortop Mex 2018 May-Jun;32(3):182-187

Hospital Centro Médico de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Guadalajara, Jalisco. México.

The term «vertebral destruction syndrome» comprises pathologies causing structural changes in the spine, mainly in the vertebral body, producing mechanical deformity and neurological involvement. The pathologies found in this definition may be infectious, metabolic or tumoral. Vertebral osteomyelitis is a disease that occurs mainly in adults > 50 years; we speak of spondylodiscitis when the condition affects the disc and vertebral body. Read More

Folia Med Cracov 2018 ;58(3):23-33

Urology Department Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, Warszawa, Poland.

Introduction: The prolongation of the life of men results in the growing number of people suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In 2010, BPH concerned more than 200 million men in the whole world, which at that time made up 6% of the population of men at large. Currently, the population of men in the world amounts about three billion six hundred million. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2019 Jan;40(1):79-85

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Molecular Imaging Group (IDIVAL), University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.

Objective: Carbon-11-(C)-choline PET/computed tomography (CT) has shown good results in re-staging of prostate cancer (PCa) with raised serum levels of prostate-specific antigen. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of positive C-choline PET/CT results in the therapeutic management of patients with PCa with biochemical relapse (BR) after curative intention treatment.

Patients And Methods: A total of 112 patients with PCa BR and positive C-choline PET/CT were retrospectively evaluated. Read More

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2018 11 30;56(4):347-353. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hospital General de Zona No. 33, Departamento de Urología. Monterrey, Nuevo León, México

Background: The urinary tract infections are the third cause of infections in Mexico. The inappropriate use of antibiotic has generated the presence of multidrugresistant bacteria.

Objective: To identify the bacterial resistance patterns of the hospital and to detect the present comorbidities that can modify the evolution of urinary tract infection for proper empirical management. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Oct 30;44. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan.

Introduction: Prostate - specific antigen (PSA) is a useful biomarker for detection of prostate cancer (PCa) and for risk classification in addition to TNM classification and Gleason score (GS). We reported the role of PSA in patients with low (< 20 ng / mL) and extremely high (≥ 100 ng / mL) PSA levels. However, it is unclear whether a correlation exists between middle range PSA levels (20 - 100 ng / mL) at diagnosis and prognosis. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Oct 20;44. Epub 2018 Oct 20.

Departamento de Anatomia Patológica da Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil.

Introduction: In view of the detailed histologic evaluation of prostate cancer (PC), it is usually advisable to provide a "second opinion" to confirm diagnosis. This study aimed to compare the Gleason score (GS) of initial diagnosis versus that of histopathologic review of patients with PC. The secondary objective was to compare initial GS versus histopathologic review versus post - surgical histopathology. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Sep 20;44. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Department of Urology. Hospital Universitario del Henares, Coslada, Madrid, Spain.

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Oct 30;44. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.

Objectives: To ascertain the opinions of North American genitourinary (GU) experts regarding inclusion of technologies such as prostate - specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and C - 11 choline positron emission tomography (PET) into routine practice.

Materials And Methods: A survey was distributed to North American GU experts. Questions pertained to the role of PSMA and C - 11 PET in PCa management. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Oct 20;44. Epub 2018 Oct 20.

American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Introduction: The success of the robot assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) procedures depend on a successful team, however the literature focuses on the performance of a console surgeon. The aim of this study was to evaluate surgical outcomes of the surgeons during the learning curve in relation to the bedside assistant's experience level during RARP.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed two non - laparoscopic, beginner robotic surgeon's cases, and we divided the patients into two groups. Read More

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2018 11 30;56(4):424-428. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Centro Médico ISSEMyM Ecatepec, Servicio de Cirugía General. Ecatepec, Estado de México, México

Background: Male breast cancer is a rare entity, with an approximate rate of 1.1 / 100 000 in the US, with an average age of 67 years. In all cases a genetic study must be performed, in order to find mutations in known genes, and after the resolution of the disease, based on the results, a contralateral prophylactic mastectomy should be considered. Read More

Cancer 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

The term "oligometastatic prostate cancer" refers to a heterogeneous group of disease states currently defined solely on the basis of clinical features. Oligorecurrent disease, de novo oligometastases, and oligoprogressive disease likely have unique biologic underpinnings and natural histories. Evidence suggesting the existence of a subset of patients who harbor prostate cancer with limited metastatic potential currently includes disparate and overwhelmingly retrospective reports. Read More

Cancer 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

BC Cancer-Vancouver Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Background: Abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AA+P), when added to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), demonstrated significant improvements in overall survival and disease progression over dual placebos added to ADT in the LATITUDE clinical trial (NCT01715285). The objective of this study was to assess event-driven medical resource utilization (MRU) of ADT plus AA+P (ADT+AA+P) versus ADT plus dual placebos (ADT+placebos) in LATITUDE.

Methods: Event-driven MRU data from LATITUDE while patients were on treatment were used for analyses. Read More

Ugeskr Laeger 2018 Dec;180(49)

Phytoestrogens (PE) are widely used as a dietary supplement. PE affect oestrogen receptors. PE have been investigated regarding menopausal hot flushes, bone mineral density and prostate hyperplasia/cancer. Read More

Ir Med J 2018 08 13;111(7):790. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland

Aims Accurate preoperative knowledge of tumour stage is important in preoperative planning at radical prostatectomy (RP). The aim of this study was to assess the predictive ability of multiparametric MRI for detecting pathological outcomes. Methods A retrospective review was performed of all patients who underwent RP over a 4 year period. Read More

J Trauma Stress 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

Data regarding cancer risk for individuals who were exposed to traumatic and stressful life events are conflicting. We sought to evaluate the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the risk of the four most common solid tumors: lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers. We conducted four nested case-control studies using a large UK population-based database. Read More

Saudi Med J 2018 Dec;39(12):1259-1262

Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.

Objectives: To analyze the overall trends in cancer incidence and mortality in Saudi Arabia between 1990 and 2016.   Methods: Data were retrieved through a Global Burden of Disease (GBD, 2016) database (Viz Hub) that is developed by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington. Results: The incidence of cancer increased around 26-fold for thyroid cancer; approximately 10-fold in breast, colon, bladder and uterine cancers; 8-fold for prostate cancer; 5-fold for renal cancer; 4-fold for pancreatic and ovarian cancer; 3. Read More

Am J Mens Health 2018 Dec 6:1557988318816907. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

1 Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.

KLF2, a member of the Kruppel-like factor (KLF) family, is thought to be a tumor suppressor in many kinds of malignant tumors. Its functions in prostate cancer (PCa) are unknown. This study aimed to explore the role of KLF2 in the migration and invasion of PCa cells. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia carries a major cosmetic disfigurement and benign prostatic hyperplasia is associated with many urinary tract symptoms and both diseases are mediated by dihydrotestosterone.

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the relationship between hair diameter in androgenetic alopecia diagnosed, by trichoscope, to benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms and signs.

Methods: Fifty androgenetic alopecia males and 50 normal males as control were included. Read More

Diabetes Obes Metab 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Medical School, University of Western Australia, and Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Background: Low circulating testosterone is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in overweight men with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Aim: To determine in a multi-centre, double-blinded placebo-controlled randomised trial, whether testosterone treatment combined with lifestyle intervention (Weight Watchers®) relative to lifestyle intervention alone, reduces T2DM incidence and improves glucose tolerance at 2 years.

Study Population: Overweight or obese men aged 50-74 years with a serum testosterone of ≤14nmol/L and IGT or newly diagnosed T2DM established by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Read More

Prostate 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: In vitro models of prostate cancer (PCa) are not always reliable to evaluate anticancer treatment efficacy. This limitation may be overcome by using viable tumor slice material. Here we report on the establishment of an optimized ex vivo method to culture tissue slices from patient-derived xenografts (PDX) of prostate cancer (PCa), to assess responses to PCa treatments. Read More

Med Phys 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-0904.

Purpose: We are developing a computerized segmentation tool for the inner and outer bladder wall as a part of an image analysis pipeline for CT urography (CTU).

Materials And Methods: A data set of 172 CTU cases was collected retrospectively with IRB approval. The data set was randomly split into two independent sets of training (81 cases) and testing (92 cases) which were manually outlined for both the inner and outer wall. Read More

J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Background: To learn more about local prostate cancer (PCa) disparities, we conducted descriptive analyses of the role of race and age in PCa using the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry data for Philadelphia (2005-2014).

Methods: We focused on the most prevalent race/ethnic groups: white (33%), black (44%), and Hispanic (9%). Outcomes included PCa rates, tumor stage, and tumor grade. Read More

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.

Death does not occur instantaneously and organs do not decompose at the same rate or in the same way. Nulligravid human uteri and prostate glands are the last internal organs to deteriorate during decomposition; however, the reason for this very important observation is still enigmatic. Recent studies have elucidated that the composition and abundance of microbes in the human thanatomicrobiome (microbiome of death) varies by organ and changes as a function of time and temperature. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1888:1-20

Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany.

PREDECT, a European IMI consortium, has assumed the task to generate robust 2D and 3D culture platforms. Protocols established for 2D and 3D monoculture and stromal coculture models of increasing complexity (spheroid, stirred-tank bioreactor, Matrigel- and collagen-embedded cultures) have been established between six laboratories within academia, biotech, and pharma. These models were tested using three tumor cell lines (MCF7, LNCaP, and NCI-H1437), covering three pathologies (breast, prostate, and lung), but should be readily transferable to other model systems. Read More

Eur Radiol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, 2nd Floor Charles Bell House, 43 - 45 Foley Street, London, W1W 7TS, UK.

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and interobserver concordance of whole-body (WB)-MRI, vs. Tc bone scintigraphy (BS) and fluoro-ethyl-choline (F-choline) PET/CT for the primary staging of intermediate/high-risk prostate cancer.

Methods: An institutional review board approved prospective cohort study carried out between July 2012 and November 2015, whereby 56 men prospectively underwent 3. Read More

Patient 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Astellas Pharma Inc., Northbrook, IL, USA.

Background: There is little information available on health-related quality of life in patients with chemotherapy-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. This study aimed to develop a conceptual model that describes patients' experiences of living with this condition.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, non-interventional qualitative research study. Read More

World J Urol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic value of positive surgical margins (PSM) focality for the prediction of biochemical recurrence (BCR) in patients undergoing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) for prostate cancer.

Methods: All men with clinically localized prostate cancer undergoing RARP in our tertiary referral centre between May 2005 and August 2016 were retrospectively identified. Patients with neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. Read More

World J Urol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a complex condition that is reported in > 50% of cancer patients. In men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), CRF was reported in 12-21% of patients. Approved systemic therapy against CRPC is commonly administered in combination with androgen-deprivation treatment (ADT) and, in some cases, with daily, low-dose corticosteroids. Read More

Strahlenther Onkol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Japanese Foundation for Prostate Research, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: It is unclear whether experience at high-volume institute improves the treatment quality of prostate seed implantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of institutional experience on postimplant dosimetric parameters in a nationwide prospective cohort study.

Methods: From July 2005 to June 2007, 2354 patients were registered in the Japanese Prostate Cancer Outcome Study of Permanent I‑125 Seed Implantation (J-POPS), and 1126 patients treated with seed implantation alone were evaluated. Read More

J Cancer 2018 11;9(23):4536-4546. Epub 2018 Nov 11.

Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL.

: Docetaxel (DOC), or Taxotere, is an anthracycline antibiotic used to treat multiple types of cancer. It is a first-line chemotherapy treatment for patients with metastasized, hormone-resistant prostate cancer (PCa) or for patients with high-risk, localized PCa that could benefit from early chemotherapy treatment. Previously, we showed that stearidonic acid (SDA), an omega-3 fatty acid, enhances the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX) in human PCa cells. Read More

J Cancer 2018 22;9(23):4391-4397. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Urinary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China.

Purpose: Oncolytic adenoviruses emerge as new agents for cancer therapy. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic anti-tumor activity of oncolytic adenovirus armed with IL-24 (ZD55-IL-24) and docetaxel (DTX) on advanced prostate cancer and .

Methods: DU145 prostate cancer cells or nude mice xenografted with DU145 prostate cancer cells were treated by ZD55-IL-24 and DTX alone or in combination. Read More

J Cancer 2018 22;9(23):4382-4390. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

: To evaluate the efficacy of transrectal ultrasound five-grade scoring system (TRUS-5) in predicting prostate cancer (PCa) and high grade PCa (HGPCa), compared with TRUS two-grade scoring system (TRUS-2), and establish a TRUS-5 based nomogram for the prediction of PCa and HGPCa at initial biopsy (IPBx). : Data were collected from 862 men who underwent initial TRUS-guided 12-core prostate biopsy. Age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), percent free PSA, digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate volume (PV), PSA density (PSAD) and TRUS findings were included in the analysis. Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018 5;2018:5639486. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.

Hippocampus is a traditional medicine in China, which can be used for treating tumors, aging, fatigue, thrombosis, inflammation, hypertension, prostatic hyperplasia, and other diseases. 1-(5-Bromo-2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone [SE1] from seahorse (a Bleeler) has been shown to suppress proinflammatory responses. In the present study, SE1 potently inhibited gelatin digestion by MMP-9 induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and migration of human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells in dose-dependent manner. Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018 5;2018:5059267. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650051, China.

Qianlie Tongqiao Capsule (QTC) is clinically confirmed to be efficacious and safe in treating lower urinary tract syndromes and bladder dysfunction that are induced by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, the functional mechanisms of QTC remain unclear. We aim to investigate the effects of QTC on both bladder weight and several growth factors in the bladder tissue of rats with testosterone-induced BPH. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 9;10:5491-5504. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,

Background: Centromere protein F (CENPF) is a key component of the kinetochore complex and plays a crucial role in chromosome segregation and cell cycle progression. Recent work suggests that CENPF upregulation is linked to aggressive tumor features in a variety of malignancies including prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: Using a highly annotated tissue microarray, we analyzed CENPF protein expression from a cohort of 8,298 prostatectomized patients by immunohistochemistry to study its effect on prostate-specific antigen recurrence-free survival. Read More

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.

Nat Commun 2018 Dec 5;9(1):5201. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 160 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA.

Deciphering cell-intrinsic mechanisms of metastasis progression in vivo is essential to identify novel therapeutic approaches. Here we elucidate cell-intrinsic drivers of metastatic prostate cancer progression through analyses of genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) and correlative studies of human prostate cancer. Expression profiling of lineage-marked cells from mouse primary tumors and metastases defines a signature of de novo metastatic progression. Read More

Int Heart J 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui.

Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy in men and has been steadily rising in an aging society. Medical castration therapy is effective for metastatic prostate cancer, but the proarrhythmic properties have not been reported. We present a 71-year-old Japanese man with metastasis prostate cancer that, during medical castration therapy, had torsades de pointes (TdP) with a QT prolongation and ventricular fibrillation (VF). Read More

Clin Chem 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.

Background: Given translational research challenges, multidisciplinary team science is promoted to increase the likelihood of moving from discovery to health effect. We present a case study documenting the utility of multidisciplinary team science in prostate cancer tissue biomarker validation.

Methods: We used primary data generated by a team consisting of a pathologist, cancer biologists, a biostatistician, and epidemiologists. Read More

Mol Cancer Res 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Androgen Receptor (AR) transcriptional activity contributes to prostate cancer (PCa) development and castration resistance. The growth and survival pathways driven by AR remain incompletely defined. Here we found PDCD4 to be a new target of AR signaling, and a potent regulator of PCa cell growth, survival, and castration resistance. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455;

Protein kinases undergo large-scale structural changes that tightly regulate function and control recognition by small-molecule inhibitors. Methods for quantifying the conformational effects of inhibitors and linking them to an understanding of selectivity patterns have long been elusive. We have developed an ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence methodology that tracks structural movements of the kinase activation loop in solution with angstrom-level precision, and can resolve multiple structural states and quantify conformational shifts between states. Read More

BMC Med Res Methodol 2018 Dec 5;18(1):161. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, and Department of Urology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: In Sweden, human tissue samples obtained from diagnostic and surgical procedures have for decades been routinely stored in a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, form. Through linkage with nationwide registers, these samples are available for molecular studies to identify biomarkers predicting mortality even in slow-progressing prostate cancer. However, tissue fixation causes modifications of nucleic acids, making it challenging to extract high-quality nucleic acids from formalin fixated tissues. Read More

Future Med Chem 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.

Matriptase-2 (MT2) is a membrane-anchored proteolytic enzyme. It acts as the proteolytic key regulator in human iron homeostasis. A high expression level can lead to iron overload diseases, whereas mutations in the gene encoding MT2, TMPRSS6, may result in various forms of iron deficiency anemia. Read More