Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Contemp Clin Trials 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, United States; Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, United States; University of Washington, United States.

Active surveillance (AS) is increasingly used to monitor patients with low-risk prostate cancer; however, approximately 50% of AS patients experience disease reclassification requiring definitive treatment and little is known about patient characteristics that modify the risk of reclassification. Obesity may be one of the major contributing factors. The Prostate Cancer Active Lifestyle Study (PALS) is a clinical trial evaluating the impact of weight loss among overweight/obese (Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m) men with clinically localized prostate cancer on AS. Read More

Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2019 Apr 16:e13039. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

School of Nursing and Midwifery, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.

Objective: Written information can be an essential source of support in the promotion of lifestyle changes after a cancer diagnosis. This study aimed to identify and assess the quality of available online patient information materials (PIMs) in relation to diet and nutrition for patients with pelvic cancer.

Methods: The online sources of the National Health Service, cancer centres and charitable organisations throughout the UK were searched. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Apr 14;9(4):e024872. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Introduction: A potential link exists between prostate cancer (PCa) disease and treatment and increased inflammatory levels from gut dysbiosis. This study aims to examine if exercise favourably alters gut microbiota in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for PCa. Specifically, this study will explore whether: (1) exercise improves the composition of gut microbiota and increases the abundance of bacteria associated with health promotion and (2) whether gut health correlates with favourable inflammatory status, bowel function, continence and nausea among patients participating in the exercise intervention. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Apr 3;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain.

Oxidative Balance Scores (OBSs) are tools that have emerged to evaluate the global balance of individuals' oxidation-reduction status. The aim was to compare OBSs available in the literature regarding their characteristics and associations with chronic diseases in epidemiological studies. Studies that developed OBSs were searched in PubMed until August 2018. Read More

Food Funct 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Cold-pressed milk thistle seed flour was extracted with 50% acetone and evaluated for its phytochemical composition, and gut microbiota modulating, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative capacities. UHPLC-MS analysis detected fifteen compounds in the milk thistle seed flour extract with silychristin as the primary component followed by silybin B and isosilybins A & B. The milk thistle seed flour extract enhanced the total bacteria number and altered the abundance of a specific bacterial phylum or genus under the experimental conditions. Read More

Front Genet 2019 26;10:235. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.

Prostate cancer remains a major public health problem and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the United States. The present study aims to understand the molecular pathway(s) of prostate cancer which is essential for early detection and treatment. Dorsolateral prostate from 20 week transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice, which spontaneously develops prostate cancer and recapitulates human disease and age-matched non-transgenic littermates were utilized for microarray analysis. Read More

Andrology 2019 May 5;7(3):288-292. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.

Background: Studies have suggested that rapid age-related declines of testosterone (T) level may play a critical role in the development of prostate cancer (PCa), and family history of PCa is another well-established risk factor of PCa, which have been reported to be associated with androgen metabolism-related genes. However, few studies have ever investigated whether a family history of PCa influences the risk of PCa via regulating the age-related trend of T level among males over the life course.

Objectives: To examine the association between family history of PCa and age-related trend of T levels. Read More

Int J Cancer 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Metabolomics may reveal novel insights into the aetiology of prostate cancer, for which few risk factors are established. We investigated the association between patterns in baseline plasma metabolite profile and subsequent prostate cancer risk, using data from 3057 matched case-control sets from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We measured 119 metabolite concentrations in plasma samples, collected on average 9. Read More

Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department für Psychische Gesundheit, Abteilung für Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Universitatsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig.

Background: Causal attributions can result in self-incrimination and psychosocial burden. Therefore, the present study assessed assumptions about subjective causes of cancer and examines their relationships with social factors and perceived stigmatization.

Methods: In a bicentric study, 858 patients with breast, colon, prostate or lung cancer were given standardized questionnaires. Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2019 3;2019:3464237. Epub 2019 Mar 3.

Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cell Culture, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Technology, and Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.

Majoranolide, a butanolide isolated from the nonpolar fraction of an ethanol extract of (Lauraceae) fruits, is being reported for the first time in this genus and the third time in plants. Structurally identified from 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS data, majoranolide proved cytotoxic against cancer cells-MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 (breast), HT-29 (colon), PC-3 (prostate), 786-0 (renal), and HL-60 (leukemia)-inhibiting growth in HL-60 cells (GI = 0.21 M) and exhibiting higher selectivity for this line than for nonneoplastic NIH/3T3 murine fibroblasts. Read More

Nutrition 2019 Jan 25;62:201-208. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address:

Tomato and its derived products have a very interesting nutritional value in addition to prominent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. In terms of tomatoes are generally quite safe to eat. However, overall consumption varies from individual to individual. Read More

Cancer Causes Control 2019 May 26;30(5):457-464. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.

Purpose: Pancreatic cancer(PCa) is one of the most lethal cancers with few known consistent nutrition-related risk factors. Epidemiologic associations between the trace element selenium and PCa are inconsistent. This study examined the association of pre-diagnostic serum selenium with incident PCa. Read More

Curr Probl Cancer 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China; Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address:

The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is associated with prognosis in a variety of cancers, but the association with prognosis in oligometastatic prostate cancer has not been reported. And the effect of the CONUT score on the prognosis of prostate cancer was not compared with the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). A total of 94 patients who underwent surgery for oligometastatic prostate cancer from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Prostate 2019 May 24;79(7):778-783. Epub 2019 Mar 24.

Cancer Risk Assessment and Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, Departments of Medical Oncology, Cancer Biology, and Urology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Background: Genetic counseling (GC) and genetic testing (GT) for prostate cancer (PCA) is a rapidly growing, affording opportunity for healthy lifestyle promotion in men aligned with cancer survivorship and cancer prevention goals. We conducted a targeted dietary analysis of men undergoing GC/GT for PCA for adherence to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Pattern recommendations which align with preventing cancer and recurrences in the Genetic Evaluation of Men (GEM) study at two academic centers to inform future strategies for diet intervention.

Methods: Participants of GEM with PCA or at-risk for PCA completed a structured food frequency questionnaire indicating number of servings consumed per day or per week of fruits, vegetables, red meat, seafood, processed meat, and foods high in saturated fat. Read More

Nutrition 2019 Jan 2;62:140-145. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Western Australia.

Objective: Inflammatory potential of diet, as measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII), has consistently been associated with an increased risk for prostate cancer (PCa). However, data has largely been reported in populations with more proinflammatory dietary patterns, whereas there is high diversity in dietary pattern worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the association between DII scores and the risk for PCa in Vietnam. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Mar 15;11(3). Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

First-line therapy for advanced or metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) involves the removal of tumor-promoting androgens by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), resulting in transient tumor regression. Recurrent disease is attributed to tumor adaptation to survive, despite lower circulating androgen concentrations, making the blockage of downstream androgen signaling a chemotherapeutic goal for PCa. Dietary intake of tomato and its predominant carotenoid, lycopene, reduce the risk for PCa, and preclinical studies have shown promising results that tomato and lycopene can inhibit androgen signaling in normal prostate tissue. Read More

Int J Cancer 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) have been implicated in the aetiology of several cancers. To better understand whether anthropometric, behavioural and sociodemographic factors may play a role in cancer risk via IGF signalling, we examined the cross-sectional associations of these exposures with circulating concentrations of IGFs (IGF-I and IGF-II) and IGFBPs (IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3). The Endogenous Hormones, Nutritional Biomarkers and Prostate Cancer Collaborative Group dataset includes individual participant data from 16,024 male controls (i. Read More

Endocr Rev 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, U.S.A.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are transcription factors actively involved in many aspects of human physiology and pathology, serving as sensors of stimuli, master regulators of downstream molecular events and hubs governing complex gene regulatory networks. The importance of various members of the NR superfamily in cancer has led to substantial efforts to target them therapeutically. Notably, drugs that block the action of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in patients with ERα+ breast cancer or the androgen receptor (AR) in prostate cancer patients have provided remarkable improvements in survival. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.

Background: Higher intratumoral cholesterol synthesis is associated with a worse prognosis in prostate cancer. The vitamin D-regulated enzyme sterol-27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) converts cholesterol to 27-hydroxycholesterol, potentially lowering intracellular cholesterol levels. We hypothesized that low CYP27A1 expression is associated with high cholesterol synthesis, low vitamin D signaling, and higher risk of lethal prostate cancer. Read More

Mol Carcinog 2019 Mar 10. Epub 2019 Mar 10.

Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.

Green tea polyphenols (GTPs) and their major constituent, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have been reported to demonstrate many interesting biological activities, including anticancer properties. Recent studies on prostate cancer provide strong evidence that epigenetic mechanisms are major players in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their binding partner tissue inhibitor of MMPs (TIMPs) involved in prostate cancer progression. Here we demonstrate that GTP/EGCG mediate epigenetic reactivation of TIMP-3 that plays a key role in suppressing invasiveness and cancer progression. Read More

Bull Cancer 2019 Mar 2. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

Université Paul-Sabatier, faculté de médecine, réseau des registres de cancers Francim, 37, allée Jules-Guesde, 31073 Toulouse cedex, France.

Introduction: Incidence, mortality, survival and prevalence are key indicators to assess public health policies and estimate the needs of the population for cancer management. The aim of this article is to provide the more current estimates of these indicators, in line with the fifteenth operational objective of the 2014-2019 Cancer Plan "Collect data/Support Public Health".

Methods: Incidence and survival data came from cancer registries. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Mar 3;20(5). Epub 2019 Mar 3.

Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy.

Extensive research over the past 25 years in hormone-dependent cancers, such as breast cancer and prostate cancer, has identified the molecular mechanisms driven by steroid receptors, elucidating the interplay between genomic and non-genomic steroid receptors mechanism of action. Altogether, these mechanisms create the specific gene expression programs that contribute to endocrine therapy resistance and cancer progression. These findings, on the bidirectional molecular crosstalk between steroid and growth factor receptors pathways in endocrine resistance, suggest the use of multi-target inhibitors together with endocrine therapies, for treating resistant disease. Read More

J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019 Mar 1;189:108-115. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, 28, place Henri Dunant, BP38, F63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, 58 Boulevard Montalembert, F-63009, Clermont-Ferrand, France. Electronic address:

Antiandrogens have a peculiar place in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer by blocking the androgen receptor (AR). Unfortunately, aggressive tumors could rapidly develop into a castration resistant state. It is therefore essential to look for new molecules that are more effective, affecting not only the androgen signaling and with minimum undesirable effects. Read More

Cancer Causes Control 2019 Apr 1;30(4):343-354. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Purpose: Two prior cohort studies suggested that choline, but not betaine intake, is associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Given that evidence remains limited, we evaluated whether intakes of choline and derivative betaine are associated with total and lethal PCa risk and PCa death in men with PCa.

Methods: We included 6,528 men (24. Read More

Biotech Histochem 2019 Mar 1:1-7. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

c Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology , Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan.

KHC-4 is a 2-phenyl-4-quinolone analogue that exhibits anticancer activity. Aberrant activation of β-catenin signaling contributes to prostate cancer development and progression. Therefore, targeting β-catenin expression could be a useful approach to treating prostate cancer. Read More

Mol Nutr Food Res 2019 Feb 28:e1801159. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Lignans are diphenolic plant compounds with potential health modulating properties that are absorbed to the circulation and metabolized to the enterolignans enterodiol (END) and enterolactone (ENL) by gut microbiota. Epidemiological studies have inconsistently shown that a high lignan intake and circulating ENL are associated with reduced risk of breast-, prostate-, and colorectal cancer as well as cardiovascular disease and total and cause-specific mortality. Inconsistencies can be due to interpersonal variation of ENL formation or responses. Read More

Cells 2019 Feb 26;8(3). Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

Phosphatidylinositol 3'-OH kinase (PI3K)-Akt and transcription factor NF-κB are important molecules involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oncogenesis. Both PI3K-Akt and Nuclear Factor-kappaB (NF-κB) are involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer, however, the crosstalk and molecules connecting these pathway remains unclear. A multilevel system representation of the PI3K-Akt and NF-κB pathways was constructed to determine which signaling components contribute to adaptive behavior and coordination. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Feb 22;11(2). Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.

Accumulated evidence suggests that the cruciferous vegetables-derived compound indole-3-carbinol (I3C) may protect against prostate cancer, but the precise mechanisms underlying its action remain unclear. This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that the beneficial effect of dietary I3C may be due to its modulatory effect on the gut microbiome of mice. Athymic nude mice (5⁻7 weeks old, male, Balb c/c nu/nu) with established tumor xenografts were fed a basal diet (AIN-93) with or without 1 µmoles I3C/g for 9 weeks. Read More

Int J Cancer 2019 Feb 26. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

The associations of individual dietary fatty acids with prostate cancer risk have not been examined comprehensively. We examined the prospective association of individual dietary fatty acids with prostate cancer risk overall, by tumor subtypes, and prostate cancer death. 142,239 men from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition who were free from cancer at recruitment were included. Read More

J Nutr 2019 Mar;149(3):381-397

Comprehensive Cancer Center.

Background: Human plasma and tissue lycopene concentrations are heterogeneous even when consuming controlled amounts of tomato or lycopene.

Objectives: Our objective is to determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in or near known or putative carotenoid metabolism genes [β-carotene 15,15' monooxygenase 1 (BCO1), scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SCARB1), ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP), apolipoprotein B-48, elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 2 (ELOVL2), and ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1), and an intergenic superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial-associated SNP] are predictive of plasma lycopene responses to steady state tomato juice consumption.

Methods: Secondary linear regression analyses of data from a dose-escalation study of prostate cancer patients [n = 47; mean ± SEM age: 60 ± 1 y; BMI (in kg/m2): 32 ± 1] consuming 0, 1, or 2 cans of tomato-soy juice/d (163 mL/can; 20. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Apr 21;112:108612. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan. Electronic address:

Many food-derived phytochemicals and their derivatives represent a cornucopia of new anti-cancer compounds. Luteolin (3,4,5,7-tetrahydroxy flavone) is a flavonoid found in different plants such as vegetables, medicinal herbs, and fruits. It acts as an anticancer agent against various types of human malignancies such as lung, breast, glioblastoma, prostate, colon, and pancreatic cancers. Read More

Cancer Causes Control 2019 Apr 19;30(4):301-309. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Nutrition Sciences, UAB, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Purpose: Rural cancer survivors (RCS) have poorer health outcomes and face multiple challenges-older age, and limited transportation, education, income, and healthcare access. Yet, RCS are understudied. The Reach-out to ENhancE Wellness(RENEW) trial, a home-based, diet and exercise intervention among 641 breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer survivors addressed many of these challenges. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2019 Feb 18;7(1):47. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1466, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs), used to treat different advanced malignancies, are associated with a wide range of immune-related adverse reactions (irAEs) that deserve close monitoring of patients. Gastrointestinal reactions and hepatotoxicity may occur, which warrant careful evaluation to confirm the etiology and attribution to ICPIs as these events could affect future management.

Case Presentation: We describe a case of a patient with prostate adenocarcinoma, treated with dual ICPIs comprised of ipilimumab and nivolumab, who developed elevated liver enzymes in the context of infliximab therapy prescribed to treat gastrointestinal irAE from his ICPIs. Read More

Eur J Pharmacol 2019 Jun 14;852:107-124. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Pharmaceutical Sciences, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India.

Currently cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and worldwide incidence and mortality rates of all cancers of males and females are rising tremendously. In spite of advances in chemotherapy and radiation, metastasis and recurrence are considered as the major causes of cancer related deaths. Hence there is a mounting need to develop new therapeutic modalities to treat metastasis and recurrence in cancers. Read More

Mol Nutr Food Res 2019 Feb 14:e1800636. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, OH, USA.

Scope: Black raspberries (BRB) are a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals, including anthocyanins and ellagitannins. These phytochemicals are poorly absorbed and may be transformed by gut microbiota into various metabolites that may impact the colonic mucosa or upon absorption have systemic bioactivity. The objective of this study is to define the impact of a BRB-containing diet on the colon microbiome in mice and quantify the phytochemical metabolites in the colon contents and circulation. Read More

J Cancer Educ 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

College of Health and Human Services, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.

Native Americans experience cancer-related health disparities. Yet, little is known about the current cancer experience in one of the largest Native American tribe, Navajo. A qualitative study of among Navajo cancer survivors, in which focus groups and individual interviews included questions related to perceptions of cancer causes, prevention, and treatment, allowed us to evaluate several aspects of the cancer experience from the Navajo perspective. Read More

Int J Cancer 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway - Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway.

Firefighters are exposed to both known and suspected carcinogens. This study aims to systematically review the literature on the association of firefighting occupation and cancer incidence and mortality, overall and for specific cancer sites. A systematic review using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was performed up to January 1, 2018. Read More

J Cancer Surviv 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Massey Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Box 980058, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.

Purpose: To comprehensively explore the role of a prostate cancer diagnosis and its treatment to several outcomes including diet, Hemoglobin A1c, and weight status, in a large, nationally representative, cross-sectional study.

Methods: This analysis used five cross sections from the publicly available National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2010. A sample of 289 men with a history of prostate cancer was matched to a comparison group of 655 men with elevated prostate-specific antigen (> 4 ng/mL) but no reported diagnosis of prostate cancer. Read More

Pharmacology 2019 7;103(5-6):250-256. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Oncologic Pathology, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.

Background: Pirfenidone (PFD), which is an antifibrotic agent used for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in fibroblasts. We hypothesized that PFD-induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest might be achieved in other types of cells, including cancer cells. Here we investigated the effects of PFD on the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) in vitro. Read More

Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 7:1-13. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

f College of food science and engineering , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , China.

Due to change in lifestyle and food habits, people are more at risk of diet-related diseases and cancers. It is also established that dietary modifications significantly reduce the risk of diseases. Nutrigenomics is relatively fresh discipline, but possess an enormous potential that can apply for prevention and management of certain carcinomas and diseases. Read More

Cancer Causes Control 2019 Mar 7;30(3):271-279. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA.

Purpose: An association between dietary carbohydrate intake and prostate cancer (PCa) prognosis is biologically plausible, but data are scarce. This prospective cohort study examined the relation between pre-diagnostic carbohydrate intake and treatment failure following radical prostatectomy for clinically early-stage PCa.

Methods: We identified 205 men awaiting radical prostatectomy and assessed their usual dietary intake of carbohydrates using the 110-item Block food frequency questionnaire. Read More

Sci Transl Med 2019 Feb;11(478)

Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.

Metabolism alterations are hallmarks of cancer, but the involvement of lipid metabolism in disease progression is unclear. We investigated the role of lipid metabolism in prostate cancer using tissue from patients with prostate cancer and patient-derived xenograft mouse models. We showed that fatty acid uptake was increased in human prostate cancer and that these fatty acids were directed toward biomass production. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Feb 4;11(2). Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers in men. The global burden of this disease is rising. Its incidence and mortality rates are higher in African American (AA) men compared to white men and other ethnic groups. Read More

Nucl Recept Signal 2018 16;15:1550762918801070. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

"Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Italy.

Androgens and androgen receptor (AR, NR3C4) clearly play a crucial role in prostate cancer progression. Besides, the link between metabolic disorders and the risk of developing a prostate cancer has been emerging these last years. Interestingly, "lipid" nuclear receptors such as LXRα/NR1H3 and LXRβ/NR1H2 (as well as FXRα/NR1H4 and SHP/NR0B2) have been described to decrease the lipid metabolism, while AR increases it. Read More

Eur Urol Focus 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Background: Promotion of a healthy lifestyle in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) has gained traction to increase patient investment in his/her health care practices, improve patient quality of life, and improve survival outcomes.

Objective: To investigate adherence of patients with PCa to healthy lifestyle recommendations from the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR).

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 2227 men with PCa scheduled for radical prostatectomy in the Martini-Klinik at the University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany between January 2016 and December 2017. Read More

Clin Nutr 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background & Aims: Rye consumption has shown beneficial effects on prostate cancer tumors, as indicated by slower initial tumor growth in animal models and lowering of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in humans. This study evaluated the effects of whole grain/bran rye consumption on low-grade inflammation and endothelial function biomarkers in men with prostate cancer.

Methods: Seventeen men with untreated, low-grade prostate cancer consumed 485 g rye whole grain and bran products (RP) per day or refined wheat products with added cellulose (WP) in a randomized crossover design. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 01 25;10(1):431. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA.

Quantifying the genetic correlation between cancers can provide important insights into the mechanisms driving cancer etiology. Using genome-wide association study summary statistics across six cancer types based on a total of 296,215 cases and 301,319 controls of European ancestry, here we estimate the pair-wise genetic correlations between breast, colorectal, head/neck, lung, ovary and prostate cancer, and between cancers and 38 other diseases. We observed statistically significant genetic correlations between lung and head/neck cancer (r = 0. Read More