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Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Nutr Rev 2021 Jun;79(7):758-776

Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Context: Apart from ruminant fat, trans-fatty acids are produced during the partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils, (eg, in the production of ultraprocessed foods). Harmful cardiovascular effects of trans-fatty acids are already proven, but the link with cancer risk has not yet been summarized.

Objective: A systematic review (following PRISMA guidelines) - including observational studies on the association of trans-fatty acid intake with any cancer risk - was conducted, with no limitations on population types. Read More

Nutr Cancer 2021 Jun 7:1-7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Previous studies have presented a few evidences on the relationship between dietary carbohydrate intake, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), with the prostate cancer risk. We performed a case-control study to evaluate these associations in 50 men with histologically confirmed prostate cancer and 100 control men. Odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were derived using logistic regression. Read More

Molecules 2021 May 28;26(11). Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.

Anti-cancer activity of catechin nanoemulsions prepared from Oolong tea leaf waste was studied on prostate cancer cells DU-145 and DU-145-induced tumors in mice. Catechin nanoemulsions composed of lecithin, Tween-80 and water in an appropriate proportion was prepared with high stability, particle size of 11.3 nm, zeta potential of -67. Read More

Nutrients 2021 May 14;13(5). Epub 2021 May 14.

Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, WA, Australia.

Fat mass (FM) gain and lean mass (LM) loss are common side effects for patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Excess FM has been associated with an increased risk of developing obesity-related comorbidities, exacerbating prostate cancer progression, and all-cause and cancer-specific mortality. LM is the predominant contributor to resting metabolic rate, with any loss impacting long-term weight management as well as physical function. Read More

Molecules 2021 May 10;26(9). Epub 2021 May 10.

Department of Pharmaceutical Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

The anticancer activity of terretonin N () and butyrolactone I (), obtained from the thermophilic fungus TM8, was intensively studied against prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) and ovary adenocarcinoma (SKOV3) human cell lines. According to this study, both compounds showed potent cytotoxicity towards ovarian adenocarcinoma cells (SKOV3) with IC 1.2 and 0. Read More

Molecules 2021 May 22;26(11). Epub 2021 May 22.

Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.

Pyrazolothiazole-substituted pyridine conjugates are an important class of heterocyclic compounds with an extensive variety of potential applications in the medicinal and pharmacological arenas. Therefore, herein, we describe an efficient and facile approach for the synthesis of novel pyrazolo-thiazolo-pyridine conjugate , via multicomponent condensation. The latter compound was utilized as a base for the synthesis of two series of 15 novel pyrazolothiazole-based pyridine conjugates (-). Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2021 May 28;140:111758. Epub 2021 May 28.

Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address:

Background: Cancer is emerging as a major problem globally, as it accounts for the second cause of death despite medical advances. According to epidemiological and basic studies, cholesterol is involved in cancer progression and there are abnormalities in cholesterol metabolism of cancer cells including prostate, breast, and colorectal carcinomas. However, the importance of cholesterol in carcinogenesis and thereby the role of cholesterol homeostasis as a therapeutic target is still a debated area in cancer therapy. Read More

J Robot Surg 2021 May 29. Epub 2021 May 29.

Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Clinic Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Several benefits have been reported after applying the principles of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) into the perioperative care of patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Nevertheless, there are still barriers. We aimed to identify the key areas by systematically surveying urology departments in Germany and Austria. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 7;11:648985. Epub 2021 May 7.

Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Castration-resistant (androgen-independent) and PTEN-deficient prostate cancer is a challenge in clinical practice. Sorafenib has been recommended for the treatment of this type of cancer, but is associated with several adverse effects. Platycodin D (PD) is a triterpene saponin with demonstrated anti-cancer effects and a good safety profile. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021 Jun 15;43:342-347. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address:

Objective: Some observational studies investigated the association between dietary energy density (DED) and risk of cancers with inconstant results. In addition, there is no study on such association among patients with prostate cancer (PC). The present study was performed to evaluate the association between dietary energy density (DED) and PC risk. Read More

J Natl Cancer Inst 2021 May 21. Epub 2021 May 21.

Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Associations of obesity have been established for at least 11 cancer sites in observational studies, though some questions remain as to causality, strength of associations, and timing of associations throughout the life course. In recent years, Mendelian randomization (MR) has provided complementary information to traditional approaches, but the validity requires that the genetic instrumental variables be causally related to cancers only mediated by the exposure. We summarize and evaluate existing evidence from MR studies in comparison with conventional observational studies to provide insights into the complex relationship between obesity and multiple cancers. Read More

Br J Nutr 2021 May 21:1-11. Epub 2021 May 21.

Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny93017, France.

Non-communicable diseases, such as cancers and CVD, represent a major public health concern, and diet is an important factor in their development. French dietary recommendations were updated in 2017, and an adherence score, the Programme National Nutrition Santé Guidelines Score (PNNS-GS2), has been developed and validated using a standardised procedure. The present study aimed to analyse the prospective association between PNNS-GS2 and the risk of death, cancer and CVD. Read More

Cancer Invest 2021 Jun 1:1-10. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

School of Health and Human Performance, Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, GA, USA.

This qualitative study explored factors that could potentially influence help-seeking in men with symptoms of prostate cancer in Nigeria. A face-to-face interview was conducted with 27 men, between 54 and 84 years, diagnosed with prostate cancer ≤ 2 years prior to the interview. Data were analyzed using thematic framework approach. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2021 May 20. Epub 2021 May 20.

Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.

The zinc finger and BTB (broad-complex, tramtrack and bric a brac) domain containing protein 7A (ZBTB7A) is a pleiotropic transcription factor that plays an important role in various stages of cell proliferation, differentiation, and other developmental processes. ZBTB7A is a member of the POK family that directly and specifically binds to short DNA recognition sites located near their target genes thereby acting as transcriptional activator or repressor. ZBTB7A overexpression has been associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis in various human cancer types, including breast, prostate, lung, ovarian, and colon cancer. Read More

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2021 May 18. Epub 2021 May 18.

University of Rennes, M2S-EA7470, Rennes, France.

Background: Exercise is increasingly recognized as an effective strategy to improve cancer prevention and prognosis. Several biological mechanisms mediating these benefits have been proposed, but the role of epigenetics remains largely unknown. Since epigenetics is highly susceptible to lifestyle factors, we hypothesized that exercise could affect the epigenome landscape in cancer tissues. Read More

Psychooncology 2021 May 13. Epub 2021 May 13.

Faculty of Health, Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of implementing an integrated multicomponent survivorship care model for men affected by prostate cancer.

Methods: Using a single arm prospective cohort study design, men with prostate cancer were recruited from two regional public hospitals in Australia for a 6-months program that provided information and decision support, exercise and nutrition management, specialised clinical support, and practical support through localised and central care coordination. Carers of the men were also invited to the program. Read More

J Med Food 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.

Pumpkin seed is a rich source of polyphenols and other bioactive compounds that may act as chemopreventive agents against cancer. In this study, five different extracts of pumpkin seeds were evaluated for their ability to affect proliferation and autophagy on PC-3 prostate cancer cells. All extracts (water [W], methanolic, acetone, ethylacetate, and polar lipid [PL]) inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Read More

Am J Epidemiol 2021 May 4. Epub 2021 May 4.

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

No epidemiological studies have been conducted to assess the association of dietary vitamin K intake with the risk of pancreatic cancer. We used prospective data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial between 1993 and 2009 to fill this gap. A total of 101695 subjects were identified. Read More

Amino Acids 2021 Jun 4;53(6):869-880. Epub 2021 May 4.

Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men and represents the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Western countries. PCa is initially androgen-dependent, however, this tumor inevitably progresses as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which represents the most aggressive phase of the pathology. In this work, in two CRPC cell lines (DU145 and PC3), we studied the in vitro inhibitory properties of the tryptophan-derived endogenous metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) and of the lactam form of 3-2'-pyrrilonidinyl-kynurenic acid (3-PKA-L), alkaloids usually present in combination in chestnut honey. Read More

Antioxidants (Basel) 2021 Apr 10;10(4). Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-23 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg.

Among the vast variety of plant-derived phytochemicals, the group of carotenoids has continuously been investigated in order to optimize their potential application in the area of dietary intervention and medicine. One organ which has been especially targeted in many of these studies and clinical trials is the human prostate. Without doubt, carotenoids (and their endogenous derivatives-retinoids and other apo-carotenoids) are involved in intra- and intercellular signaling, cell growth and differentiation of prostate tissue. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2021 Apr 21;13(9). Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.

As a family of integral membrane proteins, tetraspanins have been functionally linked to a wide spectrum of human cancers, ranging from breast, colon, lung, ovarian, prostate, and skin carcinomas to glioblastoma. CD151 is one such prominent member of the tetraspanin family recently suggested to mediate tumor development, growth, and progression in oncogenic context- and cell lineage-dependent manners. In the current review, we summarize recent advances in mechanistic understanding of the function and signaling of integrin-associated CD151 and other tetraspanins in multiple cancer types. Read More

Molecules 2021 Apr 9;26(8). Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel.

Dragon fruits are a valued source of bioactive compounds with high potential to become a functional food. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the chemopreventive potential and chemical composition of fruits harvested in Thailand and Israel. The amount of different compounds in water and methanol extracts and antioxidant activity was investigated. Read More

Molecules 2021 Apr 7;26(8). Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.

In recent times, scientific attention has been paid to different foods and their bioactive components for the ability to inhibit the onset and progress of different types of cancer. extract, powder and seed oil and its main components, thymoquinone and α-hederin, have showed potent anticancer and chemosensitizing effects against various types of cancer, such as liver, colon, breast, renal, cervical, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate and skin tumors, through the modulation of various molecular signaling pathways. Herein, the purpose of this review was to highlight the anticancer activity of and it constitutes, focusing on different in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies and projects, in order to underline their antiproliferative, proapoptotic, cytotoxic and antimetastatic effects. Read More

Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2021 Apr;43(4):443-448

Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.

Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men worldwide. An increasing trend for prostate cancer incidence was observed in China. Enormous studies have been conducted to investigate the association between dietary factors and prostate cancer, however conflicted results were obtained. Read More

Cancer Biol Med 2021 Apr 24. Epub 2021 Apr 24.

Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

Objective: Drug repurposing, the application of existing therapeutics to new indications, holds promise in achieving rapid clinical effects at a much lower cost than that of drug development. The aim of our study was to perform a more comprehensive drug repurposing prediction of diseases, particularly cancers.

Methods: Here, by targeting 4,096 human diseases, including 384 cancers, we propose a greedy computational model based on a heterogeneous multilayer network for the repurposing of 1,419 existing drugs in DrugBank. Read More

PLoS One 2021 23;16(4):e0250744. Epub 2021 Apr 23.

Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America.

Exposures to heavy metals have been linked to prostate cancer risk. The relationship of these exposures with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a marker used for prostate cancer screening, is unknown. We examined whether total urinary arsenic, urinary dimethylarsonic acid, blood cadmium, blood lead, and total blood mercury levels are associated with elevated PSA among presumably healthy U. Read More

Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia Deakin University, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland Sports Cardiology Lab, Clinical Research Domain, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Radiation Oncology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Purpose: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) has multiple adverse effects on musculoskeletal health. This 12-month randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of multi-component exercise training combined with whey protein, calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD), structure and strength, body composition, muscle strength and physical function in ADT-treated men.

Methods: Seventy ADT-treated men were randomised to exercise plus supplementation (Ex+Suppl; n=34) or usual care (Control; n=36). Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2021 ;1308:13-23

Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Phytochemicals are various compounds produced by plants. There is growing evidence on their potential health effects. Some of these compounds are considered as traditional medicines and used as painkillers, anti-inflammatory agents, and for other applications. Read More

Adv Nutr 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

The etiology of cancer type may vary significantly due to anatomy, embryology, and physiology of the cancer site. Although the association between potato consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) was summarized in a 2018 meta-analysis of 5 cohort studies, to the best of our knowledge, no meta-analysis has evaluated potato consumption in relation to multiple cancer sites in adults. Medline/PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for relevant publications through August 2020. Read More