Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

BJU Int 2019 Apr 22. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Objectives: To explore the effects of 12 weeks of unsupervised home-based exergaming (i.e. technology-driven exercise) compared to usual care on physical function, body composition, quality of life (QoL) and fatigue in prostate cancer patients (PCa) on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Read More

Prostate 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.

Background: Accumulating evidence shows that tumor cell-specific genomic changes can influence the cross talk between cancer cells and the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). Loss of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene is observed in 20% to 30% of prostate cancers (PCa) when first detected and the rate increases with PCa progression and advanced disease. Recent findings implicate a role for PTEN in cellular type I interferon response and immunosuppression in PCa. Read More

Eur Urol 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: The role of elective whole-pelvis radiotherapy (WPRT) remains controversial. Few studies have investigated it in Gleason grade group (GG) 5 prostate cancer (PCa), known to have a high risk of nodal metastases.

Objective: To assess the impact of WPRT on patients with GG 5 PCa treated with external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or EBRT with a brachytherapy boost (EBRT+BT). Read More

J Transl Med 2019 Apr 15;17(1):125. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Background: While prostate cancer can often manifest as an indolent disease, the development of locally-advanced or metastatic disease can cause significant morbidity or mortality. Elucidation of molecular mechanisms contributing to disease progression is crucial for more accurate prognostication and effective treatments. R-Spondin 3 (RSPO3) is a protein previously implicated in the progression of colorectal and lung cancers. Read More

Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2019 Apr 5;89(1). Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and majority of patients are diagnosed in advanced/metastatic disease stage. Sites of distant metastases mainly include contralateral lung, lymph nodes, brain, bones, adrenal glands and liver; skeletal muscles metastases (SMMs) are less common. Psoas muscle and diaphragm metastases are mainly found during autopsy, as their involvement commonly is asymptomatic. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine.

Purpose: The molecular targets for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are unknown because the disease inevitably recurs, and therapeutic approaches for CRPC patients remain less well understood. We sought to investigate regulatory mechanisms that result in increased therapeutic resistance, which is associated with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation of prostate cancer and linked to dysregulation of the androgen-responsive pathway.

Experimental Design: The underlying intracellular mechanism that sustains the oncogenic network involved in NE differentiation and therapeutic resistance of prostate cancer was evaluated to investigate and identify effectors. Read More

EXCLI J 2019 19;18:106-126. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

Prostate cancer is a complex, progressive, bone-tropic disease, which is usually associated with skeletal issues, poor mobility and a fatal outcome when it reaches the metastatic phase. Soy isoflavones, steroid-like compounds from soy-based food/dietary supplements, have been found to decrease the risk of prostate cancer in frequent consumers. Herein, we present a systematization of the data on soy isoflavone effects at different stages of metastatic prostate cancer progression, with a particular interest in the context of bone-related molecular events. Read More

BJU Int 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France.

Objectives: We previously reported results of a randomized trial comparing androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) combined with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and ADT alone in patients treated with locally advanced prostate cancer. We report here long-term oncological outcomes.

Patients And Methods: In this multicenter phase III trial, patients were randomly assigned to ADT alone or ADT+EBRT. Read More

Cancer 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.

For decades, the management of patients with advanced prostate cancer has been hormonal therapy, known as androgen deprivation therapy, which is intended to lower testosterone levels. Further incremental progress in the treatment of men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) has come from the addition of docetaxel or abiraterone acetate to androgen deprivation therapy for more aggressive upfront treatment regimens. Other combinatorial regimens testing the addition of novel therapies currently are in the late stages of development and are expected to further improve the clinical outcomes of these patients. Read More

Eur Urol Oncol 2019 Feb 24;2(1):47-76. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Context: In patients treated for prostate cancer, a rising serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is a first sign of relapse, but imaging is needed to determine the localization of the recurrence, which may be local, in lymph nodes, and/or metastatic. With the increasing success rate of earlier salvage therapy, the diagnosis has become pertinent when the recurrent PSA level is still very low.

Objective: To systematically review the literature on the role of the existing imaging techniques in patients with early recurrent prostate cancer. Read More

Eur Urol Oncol 2019 Feb 5;2(1):1-11. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

Belfast-Manchester Movember Centre of Excellence, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK; Prostate Oncobiology, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK. Electronic address:

Background: The prostate cancer (PCa) diagnostic pathway is undergoing a radical change with the introduction of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), genomic testing, and different prostate biopsy techniques. It has been proposed that these tests should be used in a sequential manner to optimise risk stratification.

Objective: To characterise the genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic features of mpMRI-visible and -nonvisible PCa in clinically localised disease. Read More

Eur Urol 2019 Mar 27. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.

Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is the lethal form of the disease. Several recent studies have identified genomic alterations in mCRPC, but the clinical implications of these genomic alterations have not been fully elucidated.

Objective: To use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to assess the association between key driver gene alterations and overall survival (OS), and to use whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing to identify genomic drivers of enzalutamide resistance. Read More

Curr Opin Oncol 2019 May;31(3):188-193

Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, South Carolina, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Summarizes the rapid progress being made in treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

Recent Findings: Debate remains regarding the optimal sequencing of therapies in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer with attention focused on the use of abiraterone versus docetaxel. Randomized trials now show a potential advantage to next-generation antiandrogens in the setting of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2019 Mar 22. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Department of Radiation Sciences and Technologies and Health Biosignals, Lisbon School of Health Technology, Lisbon, Portugal.

Objectives: This work aims to assess whether the biochemical response of radium-223-dichloride treatment can be predicted based on the pretherapy bone scan, and consequently if bone scan index (BSI) and maximum lesion intensity have a place as alternatives or as complements to extent of bone disease (EOBD) scoring in predicting biochemical response to treatment. Many cases of advanced prostate cancer have evidence of bone metastasis. Accurate EOBD quantification could help predict the response to radium-223-dichloride therapy. Read More

Urol J 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: The endocrine therapy is effective for patients with advanced prostate cancer, but the disease eventually becomes refractory to treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate prognostic factors and to develop a risk stratification model for survival in patients with advanced prostate cancer undergoing endocrine therapy.

Materials And Methods: This study included 197 patients with stage IV prostate cancer who were treated with endocrine therapy as primary treatment at Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan, between January 1999 and November 2012. Read More

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2019 Jan 1;12(1):16-23. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

Dr. Bebe is with the Kentucky State University College of Agriculture and Food Science and Sustainable Systems in Frankfort, Kentucky.

Increased incidence of comorbidity in advanced metastatic melanoma (AMM) is emerging as an important factor in patient prognosis, treatment, and survival. This paper reviews the impact of comorbidities on the prognosis and survival outcomes of patients diagnosed with AMM. Our search initially yielded limited results. Read More

Pharmacol Ther 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N. 15(th) Street, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Program in Prostate Cancer, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address:

Here we propose that therapeutic targeting of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), which are widely understood to be the seeds of metastasis, would represent an effective strategy towards limiting numerical expansion of secondary lesions and containing overall tumor burden in cancer patients. However, the molecular mediators of tumor seeding have not been well characterized. This is in part due to the limited number of pre-clinical in vivo approaches that appropriately interrogate the mechanisms by which cancer cells home to arresting organs. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Mar 15;11(3). Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

First-line therapy for advanced or metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) involves the removal of tumor-promoting androgens by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), resulting in transient tumor regression. Recurrent disease is attributed to tumor adaptation to survive, despite lower circulating androgen concentrations, making the blockage of downstream androgen signaling a chemotherapeutic goal for PCa. Dietary intake of tomato and its predominant carotenoid, lycopene, reduce the risk for PCa, and preclinical studies have shown promising results that tomato and lycopene can inhibit androgen signaling in normal prostate tissue. Read More

Clin Med Insights Oncol 2019 7;13:1179554919833927. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Genitourinary (GU) Medical Oncology, Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA.

Non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) is a heterogeneous disease with variable potential in developing into overt metastases. It is an area of increased unmet need in advanced prostate cancer and for which there had been no great treatments until recent US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of 2 novel anti-androgens apalutamide and enzalutamide, which were both approved given benefit in metastasis-free survival. Early data on the use of darolutamide, another novel anti-androgen, are also explored. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2019 Mar 7;55(3). Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.

: Epidemiological studies suggest a possible relationship between metabolic alterations, cardiovascular disease and aggressive prostate cancer, however, no clear consensus has been reached. : The aim of the study was to analyze the recent literature and summarize our experience on the association between metabolic disorders, aggressive hormone-naïve prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease. : We identified relevant papers by searching in electronic databases such as Scopus, Life Science Journals, and Index Medicus/Medline. Read More

Brachytherapy 2019 Mar 9. Epub 2019 Mar 9.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

Purpose: Retrospective data suggest less benefit from androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in the setting of dose-escalated definitive radiation for prostate cancer, especially when a combination of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and brachytherapy approaches are used. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that patients with prostate cancer with intermediate- or high-risk disease undergoing extreme dose escalation with a brachytherapy boost are less likely to receive ADT.

Methods And Materials: Data from the National Cancer Database were extracted for men aged 40-90 years diagnosed with node-negative, non-metastatic prostate cancer from 2004 to 2015. Read More

Curr Oncol Rep 2019 Mar 5;21(4):31. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 10 - Room B3B85, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to highlight the limitations of current standard-of-care prostate cancer (PCa) imaging and discuss novel clinical imaging in advanced disease.

Recent Findings: PCa staging through imaging is important for proper selections in clinical treatment. Traditional imaging techniques for metastatic disease (i. Read More

World J Urol 2019 Mar 4. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.

Purpose: Standard androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) can be initiated early at the time of diagnosis in asymptomatic castration-sensitive advanced prostate cancer. This definition has recently been expanded to also include an early combined treatment with standard ADT and new antihormonal drugs. We aimed to present the best available evidence for the timing of initiation of ADT monotherapy and combined treatments in castration-sensitive/-resistant prostate cancer. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2019 Feb 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Clinical Big Data Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Objectives: Before launching large clinical trials to confirm the effects of statins in improving outcomes among men with prostate cancer (PC), the most appropriate target patient population and the type of statins need to be clearly identified.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Taiwan Cancer Registry of 2008-2014. This study included 5749 men with locally advanced and metastatic PC who received only androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in the first year after their cancer diagnosis. Read More

Cancer Discov 2019 Apr 28;9(4):457. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

In a phase II, single-arm prospective trial, a novel, targeted radionuclide called Lutetium-177 PSMA-617 extended survival and improved quality of life in men with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer whose disease advanced despite standard therapy. Read More

Int J Urol 2019 Apr 28;26(4):506-520. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.

Objectives: To identify oncogenes regulated by micro-ribonucleic acid, miR-199a/b-3p, in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Methods: Advanced ribonucleic acid sequencing technologies were applied to construct a micro-ribonucleic acid expression signature using metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer autopsy specimens. Ectopic expression of mature micro-ribonucleic acids or small-interfering ribonucleic acids were applied to functional assays for cancer cell lines. Read More

J Clin Oncol 2019 Apr 27;37(11):923-931. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

2 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.

Purpose: Patients with locally advanced prostate cancer have an increased risk of cancer recurrence and mortality. In this phase II trial, we evaluate neoadjuvant enzalutamide and leuprolide (EL) with or without abiraterone and prednisone (ELAP) before radical prostatectomy (RP) in men with locally advanced prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: Eligible patients had a biopsy Gleason score of 4 + 3 = 7 or greater, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) greater than 20 ng/mL, or T3 disease (by prostate magnetic resonance imaging). Read More

Mol Cancer Res 2019 Feb 26. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.

lipogenesis is a well-described androgen receptor (AR)-regulated metabolic pathway that supports prostate cancer tumor growth by providing fuel, membrane material, and steroid hormone precursor. In contrast, our current understanding of lipid supply from uptake of exogenous lipids and its regulation by AR is limited, and exogenous lipids may play a much more significant role in prostate cancer and disease progression than previously thought. By applying advanced automated quantitative fluorescence microscopy, we provide the most comprehensive functional analysis of lipid uptake in cancer cells to date and demonstrate that treatment of AR-positive prostate cancer cell lines with androgens results in significantly increased cellular uptake of fatty acids, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein particles. Read More

Asian J Urol 2019 Jan 28;6(1):91-98. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.

Since androgen receptor (AR) signaling is critically required for the development of prostate cancer (PCa), targeting AR axis has been the standard treatment of choice for advanced and metastatic PCa. Unfortunately, although the tumor initially responds to the therapy, treatment resistance eventually develops and the disease will progress. It is therefore imperative to identify the mechanisms of therapeutic resistance and novel molecular targets that are independent of AR signaling. Read More

Eur Urol 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Context: Accurate staging of high-risk localised, advanced, and metastatic prostate cancer is becoming increasingly more important in guiding local and systemic treatment. Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) has increasingly been utilised globally to assess the local and metastatic burden of prostate cancer, typically in biochemically recurrent or advanced disease. Following our previous meta-analysis, a high-volume series has been reported highlighting the utility of Ga-PSMA PET in this setting. Read More

Eur Urol Focus 2019 Mar 14;5(2):147-154. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Context: Recent studies focused on the molecular characterization of metastatic prostate cancer have identified genomic subsets and emerging resistance patterns. Detection of these alterations in patients has potential implications for therapy selection and prognostication.

Objective: The primary objective is to review the current landscape of clinical and molecular biomarkers in advanced prostate cancer and understand how they may reflect underlying tumor biology. Read More

J Urol 2019 May;201(5):876-885

Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin.

Purpose: Androgen deprivation therapy alone has been the standard of care for metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer for the last 75 years. This review focuses on recent trials and mechanisms which highlight the new paradigm of combining androgen deprivation therapy with other agents, changing the treatment of patients with prostate cancer who have advanced disease.

Materials And Methods: We searched the peer reviewed literature on the PubMed® and Web of Science® databases through January 2018 using the key words, "metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer," "metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer," "docetaxel," "abiraterone" and "senescence in cancer. Read More

Eur Urol Focus 2019 Mar 1;5(2):137-143. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

There are many ongoing randomised trials of promising therapies for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), but standard systematic reviews may not synthesise these in a timely or reliable way. We demonstrate how a novel approach to evidence synthesis is being used to speed up and improve treatment evaluations for mHSPC. This more prospective, dynamic, and collaborative approach to systematic reviews of both trial results and individual participant data (IPD) is helping in establishing quickly and reliably which treatments are most effective and for which men. Read More

Lancet Oncol 2019 Mar 31;20(3):436-447. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.

Background: Little is known about the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of men living with advanced prostate cancer. We report population-wide functional outcomes and HRQOL in men with all stages of prostate cancer and identify implications for health-care delivery.

Methods: For this population-based study, men in the UK living 18-42 months after diagnosis of prostate cancer were identified through cancer registration data. Read More

Oncologist 2019 Jan 29. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Background: NUT carcinoma is a rare aggressive disease caused by fusion, and upregulation plays a key role in the pathogenesis. Here, we report on the clinicopathological characteristics of Korean patients with NUT carcinoma and the in vitro efficacy of MYC-targeting agents against patient-derived NUT carcinoma cell lines.

Materials And Methods: Thirteen patients with NUT carcinoma were evaluated for p53, C-MYC, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) by immunohistochemistry. Read More

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been a mainstay of treatment for advanced prostate cancer (PCa), but limited studies have been performed to investigate the association between ADT and autoimmune diseases.

Methods: We conducted a population-based nationwide cohort study of 17,168 patients newly diagnosed with PCa between 1996 and 2013 using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. Cox proportional hazards models with 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis were used to investigate the association between ADT use and the risk of autoimmune diseases. Read More

Annu Rev Med 2019 01;70:479-499

Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA; email:

The therapeutic landscape of prostate cancer has been transformed over the last decade by new therapeutics, advanced functional imaging, next-generation sequencing, and better use of existing therapies in early-stage disease. Until 2004, progression on androgen deprivation therapy for metastatic disease was treated with the addition of secondary hormonal manipulation; in the last decade, six systemic agents have been approved for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. We review clinical trials and survival benefit for these therapies and assess how the understanding of the disease shifted as these therapies were developed. Read More

Adv Urol 2018 26;2018:1525832. Epub 2018 Dec 26.

Department of Orthopaedics, Animus-Kyanous Hospital, Larisa, Greece.

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies worldwide. Hormonal deprivation therapy is a well-established treatment for locally advanced or metastatic diseases but exposes patients to the risk of osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Furthermore, the tropism of the PCa cells to osseous metastases increases the incidence of skeletal-related events (SREs). Read More

Cent European J Urol 2018 24;71(4):399-403. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Department of Urology, Józef Struś Municipal Hospital in Poznań, Poland.

Introduction: There is a need for a new biochemical marker of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa). Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) is a candidate for such a marker - its activity is increased in certain tumors and neoplastic cell lines, including PCa, and may correlate with cancer aggressiveness.

Material And Methods: IMPDH2 levels were measured in blood samples from 34 PCa patients. Read More

Eur Urol Focus 2019 Mar 12;5(2):159-161. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Advanced prostate cancer patients can present with both widely metastatic or oligometastatic disease. Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that patients with oligometastatic disease have improved clinical responses from metastasis-directed therapy. This suggests that tumours that give rise to the oligometastatic state are distinct biologically and genetically from those that induce widely metastatic lesions. Read More

Cells 2019 Jan 11;8(1). Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Division of Oncology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna 40138, Italy.

Management of metastatic or advanced prostate cancer has acquired several therapeutic approaches that have drastically changed the course of the disease. In particular due to the high sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to hormone depletion, several agents able to inhibit hormone production or binding to nuclear receptor have been evaluated and adopted in clinical practice. However, despite several hormonal treatments being available nowadays for the management of advanced or metastatic prostate cancer, the natural history of the disease leads inexorably to the development of resistance to hormone inhibition. Read More

J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019 Jan 11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and the Center for Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 1315 BRBII/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, USA. Electronic address:

Drugs used for the treatment of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) include Abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) and Enzalutamide (XTANDI). However, these drugs provide clinical benefit in metastatic disease for only a brief period before drug resistance emerges. One mechanism of drug resistance involves the overexpression of type 5 17-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (aldo-keto reductase 1C3 or AKR1C3), a major enzyme responsible for the formation of intratumoral androgens that activate the androgen receptor (AR). Read More

Eur Urol 2019 04 10;75(4):667-675. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Several systemic therapeutic options exist for metastatic castrate-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can molecularly profile metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and can influence decision-making, but remains untested in mCSPC.

Objective: To determine ctDNA abundance at de novo mCSPC diagnosis and whether ctDNA provides complementary clinically relevant information to a prostate biopsy. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019 May 12;46(5):1102-1110. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.

Purpose: REASSURE is a global, prospective, non-interventional study to assess long-term safety of radium-223 in patients with bone metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Here we report an interim analysis of patients according to previous use of chemotherapy.

Methods: Radium-223 was administered in routine clinical practice. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(2):e13954

Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing.

Background: Prostate cancer is a male malignant tumor disease with high prevalence in recent years. Patients with advanced prostate cancer are more likely to have bone metastasis and strong bone pain, and even lead to pathological fracture, which has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. Acupuncture has good clinical efficacy in treating pain caused by prostate cancer. Read More

Radiat Oncol 2019 Jan 10;14(1). Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Oncology and Palliative Units, Zealand University Hospital, Naestved, Denmark.

Background: This study was conducted to investigate a new short-course radiotherapy regimen for patients with metastatic hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) presenting with a dominant debilitating symptom.

Methods / Design: This is an international, multi-center single arm prospective feasibility study that aims to include 34 patients with HRPC and a dominant debilitating symptom. The dominant symptomatic lesion will receive 4 × 5 Gy of high-precision radiotherapy, and the most aggressive part of the lesion 4 × 7 Gy using a simultaneous integrated boost technique. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Jan 8;20(1). Epub 2019 Jan 8.

CHU de Québec⁻Université Laval Research Center, Quebec, QC G1R 2J6, Canada.

Localized prostate cancer (PCa) is often curable, whereas metastatic disease treated by castration inevitably progresses toward castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Most CRPC treatments target androgen receptor (AR) signaling. However, not all CRPC cells rely on AR activity for survival and proliferation. Read More

Mol Cancer Res 2019 Apr 4;17(4):845-859. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.

Granulocytic myeloid infiltration and resultant enhanced neutrophil elastase (NE) activity is associated with poor outcomes in numerous malignancies. We recently showed that NE expression and activity from infiltrating myeloid cells was high in human prostate cancer xenografts and mouse -null prostate tumors. We further demonstrated that NE directly stimulated human prostate cancer cells to proliferate, migrate, and invade, and inhibition of NE attenuated xenograft growth. Read More