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Front Oncol 2022 7;12:898774. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Introduction: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as the preferred treatment option for newly diagnosed node-positive (cN1) prostate cancer (PCa) patients. However, implementation of positron emission tomography targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA-PET) in the staging of primary PCa patients has a significant impact on RT treatment concepts. This study aims to evaluate outcomes and their respective risk factors on patients with PSMA-PET-based cN1 and/or cM1a PCa receiving primary RT and ADT. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2022 Jun 16;14(12). Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Radiology, Ujitakeda Hospital, Uji-City, Kyoto 611-0021, Japan.

This study examined the role of brachytherapy boost (BT-boost) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer, especially in patients with very high-risk factors (VHR: T3b-4 or Gleason score 9-10) as patients with double very high-risk factors (VHR-2: T3b-4 and Gleason score 9-10) previously showed worst prognosis in localized prostate cancer. We retrospectively reviewed multi-institutional data of 1961 patients that were administered radiotherapy (1091 BT-boost and 872 EBRT: 593 conventional-dose RT (Conv RT: equivalent to doses of 2 Gy per fraction = EQD2 ≤ 72 Gy) and 216 dose-escalating RT (DeRT = EQD2 ≥ 74 Gy). We found that BT-boost improved PSA control and provided an equivalent overall survival rate in the intermediate- and high-risk groups, except for patients within the VHR factor group. Read More

In Vivo 2022 Jul-Aug;36(4):1875-1880

Oncology Unit, 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria Athens General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece;

Background/aim: Previous randomized clinical trials have shown that moderate hypofractionation has a non-inferior or even superior efficacy to conventionally fractionated external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in low and intermediate-risk prostate cancer. We herein aimed to evaluate the acute and late gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity of hypofractionated radiotherapy (HRT) in a real-world setting.

Patients And Methods: Patients with intermediate-risk prostate adenocarcinoma eligible to receive HRT were prospectively enrolled. Read More

Brachytherapy 2022 Jun 18. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Radiation Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of unfavorable intermediate-risk (UIR) and high-risk (HR) prostate cancer patients treated with combined external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and low-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy (LDR-PB).

Methods And Materials: A population-based cohort of 568 prostate cancer patients treated with combined EBRT and LDR-PB from 2010 to 2016 was analyzed. All patients received EBRT followed by LDR-PB boost. Read More

Brachytherapy 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.

Purpose/objective: To compare toxicity profiles of low-dose rate (LDR) and high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy boost combined with ultra-hypofractionated external beam radiation therapy (UH-EBRT).

Materials/methods: 99 patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer underwent an HDR (n = 59) or LDR (n = 40) boost combined with UH-EBRT (5 Gy x 5) . HDR (Ir-192) was delivered a single dose (15 Gy) and LDR (Pd-103) prescription dose was 100 Gy. Read More

Pract Radiat Oncol 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Purpose: Limited prospective data on focal salvage high dose-rate (HDR) prostate brachytherapy are available. We sought to explore the toxicities, health related quality of life (HRQOL) and efficacy of focal salvage HDR brachytherapy in a prospective clinical trial. This report represents updated results of previously published data. Read More

Radiographics 2022 Jun 17:210114. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (Z.N., J.E.I.); and Department of Radiation Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007 (S.P.C., E.C.W.).

Prostate MRI is increasingly being used to make diagnoses and guide management for patients receiving definitive radiation treatment for prostate cancer. Radiologists should be familiar with the potential uses of prostate MRI in radiation therapy planning and delivery. Radiation therapy is an established option for the definitive treatment of localized prostate cancer. Read More

Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2022 Jul 21;35:104-109. Epub 2022 May 21.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, University of Côte d'Azur, 33 avenue Valombrose, 06189 Nice Cedex 2, Nice, France.

Purpose: To analyze the oncological outcome in elderly (>70 years) prostate cancer after high-dose rate brachytherapy (HDB) boost.

Materials/methods: In this retrospective study, patients with intermediate (IR) and high-risk (HR) prostate cancer underwent external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) followed by HDB boost with/without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The impact of age (≤70y vs. Read More

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022 Jun 9. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Departments of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology; Departments of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics; Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. Electronic address:

Purpose: The benefit of local consolidative therapy (LCT) for oligometastasis across histologies remains uncertain. EXTernal beam radiation to Eliminate Nominal metastatic Disease (EXTEND; NCTXXXX) is a randomized phase II basket trial evaluating the effectiveness of LCT for oligometastatic solid tumors. We report here the prospective results of the single arm "lead-in" phase intended to identify histologies most likely to accrue to histology-specific endpoints in the randomized phase. Read More

Radiother Oncol 2022 Jun 2;173:109-118. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Canada; Division of Medical Physics, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Canada.

Background And Purpose: The goal of this work is to identify specific treatment planning and delivery features that are prognostic of biochemical failure-free survival (BFFS) for prostate cancer patients treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Materials And Methods: This study reviewed patients diagnosed with localized prostate adenocarcinoma between 2005 and 2016, and treated with EBRT on a Varian linear accelerator at one of the four cancer centers in Alberta, Canada. BFFS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Read More

Radiother Oncol 2022 May 31;173:197-206. Epub 2022 May 31.

Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, UK. Electronic address:

After liver and lungs, bone is the third most common metastatic site (Nystrom et al., 1977). Almost all malignancies can metastasize to the skeleton but 80% of bone metastases originate from breast, prostate, lung, kidney and thyroid cancer (Mundy, 2002). Read More

Adv Radiat Oncol 2022 May-Jun;7(3):100890. Epub 2022 Jan 3.

Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.

Purpose: Some patients with breast cancer treated by surgery and radiation therapy experience clinically significant toxicity, which may adversely affect cosmesis and quality of life. There is a paucity of validated clinical prediction models for radiation toxicity. We used machine learning (ML) algorithms to develop and optimise a clinical prediction model for acute breast desquamation after whole breast external beam radiation therapy in the prospective multicenter REQUITE cohort study. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2022 Apr;18(2):391-398

Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.

Objective: This study evaluated the survival outcomes of young (<50 years) and elderly patients (>80 years) with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) postradical local treatments.

Materials And Methods: We identified <50 and >80-year-old patients with high-risk PCa between 2004 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The patients aged 65 and 66 years were also identified as the control group. Read More

Brachytherapy 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.

Objectives: To evaluate late genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities and radiation-induced second primary cancers (RISPCs) in patients who received low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) with or without external beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study included 897 consecutive patients who received LDR-BT between July 2004 and July 2015 in our institution. Adverse events and the incidence of second primary cancers were evaluated at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48, 54, and 60 mo after LDR-BT and then once a year. Read More

Bull Cancer 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

University Hospital Maggiore-della-Carità, Division of Radiation Oncology, Novara, Italy; University of "Piemonte Orientale", Department of Translational Medicine, Novara, Italy.

Aim And Background: The present study aims to identify predictive factors for urinary toxicity and self-reported symptoms after external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for prostate cancer.

Methods: Two-hundred and eighty patients treated with EBRT for prostate cancer were included in the present study. Toxicity was scored following the grading system based on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scale. Read More

Brachytherapy 2022 May 28. Epub 2022 May 28.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Radiation Oncology, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. Electronic address:

Background: Current recommendations regarding radiotherapy treatment for unfavorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer (UIR-PCa) include external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) ± brachytherapy boost (BT) ± androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The ideal radiotherapy treatment approach for UIR-PCa has not been well-defined. We hypothesized that EBRT+BT±ADT is associated with improved overall survival (OS) relative to EBRT±ADT in men with UIR-PCa. Read More

Urol Oncol 2022 07 23;40(7):304-314. Epub 2022 May 23.

Section of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Virginia Mason Hospital and Seattle Medical Center, Seattle, WA.

Background: Oncological outcomes after localized prostate cancer (CaP) treatment are excellent and generally considered equivalent across treatment modalities. Thus, short, and long-term patient health related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important factor in treatment discussions. The purpose of this review was to assess the impact of treatment modality for localized CaP on HRQoL as reflected by recent published trials. Read More

Cancer Med 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Background: Previous research exploring the role of race on prostate cancer (PCa) outcomes has demonstrated greater rates of disease progression and poorer overall survival for African American (AA) compared to Caucasian American (CA) men. The current study examines self-reported race as a predictor of long-term PCa outcomes in patients with low and favorable-intermediate risk disease treated with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study examined patients who were consented to enrollment in the Center for Prostate Disease Research Multicenter National Database between January 01, 1990 and December 31, 2017. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 21;14(4):e24345. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Department of Radiology, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, USA.

Paraphimosis is a urologic emergency that requires prompt diagnosis to avoid potential morbidity. Diagnosis is made clinically and imaging findings have not been described. We will present the case of an 84-year-old man with a history of metastatic prostate cancer and prior pelvic external beam radiation therapy who presented to the emergency department with urinary retention. Read More

BMC Res Notes 2022 May 21;15(1):185. Epub 2022 May 21.

Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Objective: To introduce salvage prostatectomy in Denmark. Prior to this, no national curative treatment for recurrent prostate cancer following radiation therapy existed in Denmark. This pilot study represent our initial experiences and the feasibility of performing salvage robot-assisted radical prostatectomy for true local, high-risk recurrence after initial therapy with external beam radiation for high-risk prostate cancer. Read More

Am J Clin Oncol 2022 06 6;45(6):249-257. Epub 2022 May 6.

Keck Medical Center of USC, Norris Comprehensive Cancer, Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.

Aim/objectives/background: The American College of Radiology (ACR), American Brachytherapy Society (ABS), and American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) have jointly developed the following practice parameter for transperineal permanent brachytherapy of prostate cancer. Transperineal permanent brachytherapy of prostate cancer is the interstitial implantation of low-dose rate radioactive seeds into the prostate gland for the purpose of treating localized prostate cancer.

Methods: This practice parameter was developed according to the process described under the heading The Process for Developing ACR Practice Parameters and Technical Standards on the ACR website (https://www. Read More

Strahlenther Onkol 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Klinik für Strahlenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 3, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland.

Cancers (Basel) 2022 Apr 29;14(9). Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Curie, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has become a valid option for the treatment of low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer. In randomized trials, it was found not inferior to conventionally fractionated external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). It also compares favorably to brachytherapy (BT) even if level 1 evidence is lacking. Read More

Strahlenther Onkol 2022 May 12. Epub 2022 May 12.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.

Purpose: Dose-escalated external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and EBRT + high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost are guideline-recommended treatment options for localized prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare long-term outcome and toxicity of dose-escalated EBRT versus EBRT + HDR-BT boost.

Methods: From 2002 to 2019, 744 consecutive patients received either EBRT or EBRT + HDR-BT boost, of whom 516 patients were propensity score matched. Read More

Arab J Urol 2022 30;20(2):71-80. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Objective: To present an update of the available literature on external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with or without brachytherapy (BT) compared to radical prostatectomy (RP) for patients with high-risk localised prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature assessing the survival outcomes in patients with high-risk PCa who received EBRT with or without BT compared to RP as the first-line therapy with curative intent. We queried PubMed and Web of Science database in January 2021. Read More

Int J Part Ther 2022 20;8(4):14-24. Epub 2021 Oct 20.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Purpose: Long-term data regarding the disease control outcomes of proton beam therapy (PBT) for patients with favorable risk intact prostate cancer (PC) are limited. Herein, we report our institution's long-term disease control outcomes in PC patients with clinically localized disease who received PBT as primary treatment.

Methods: One hundred sixty-six favorable risk PC patients who received definitive PBT to the prostate gland at our institution from 2010 to 2012 were retrospectively assessed. Read More

Brachytherapy 2022 May 3. Epub 2022 May 3.

Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Electronic address:

Purpose/objective(s): This study describes the pattern of failure in patients with biochemical (BCR) recurrence after low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy as a component of definitive treatment for prostate cancer.

Methods: Patients with BCR after LDR brachytherapy ± external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) were enrolled on prospective IRB approved advanced imaging protocols. Patients underwent 3T multiparametric MRI (mpMRI); a subset underwent prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based PET/CT. Read More

Cancer Sci 2022 May 6. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

The clinical significance of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer (PCa) treated with high-dose external-beam radiation therapy remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of IDC-P in men who received intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for nonmetastatic PCa. All patients with high-risk (H-R) and very high-risk (VH-R) PCa who received IMRT between September 2000 and December 2013 at our institution were analyzed retrospectively. Read More

Brachytherapy 2022 May 2. Epub 2022 May 2.

Radiation Oncology Research Center (RORC), Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.

Purpose: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common pediatric soft-tissue sarcoma, mostly involving the genitourinary (GU) tract, head and neck, and extremities. This study reports the long-term outcome of two infants with recurrent GU-RMS who underwent combination therapy with chemotherapy (ChT) and salvage brachytherapy (BT).

Methods And Materials: An 18-month-old girl with vaginal bleeding and a 7-month-old boy with urinary retention presented with a diagnosis of vaginal, and bladder/prostate embryonal RMS, respectively. Read More

World J Nucl Med 2022 Mar 11;21(1):62-64. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Frankfurt (Oder), Frankfurt, Germany.

In the reported patient with advanced prostate cancer, a bone scan showed a false positive finding in thoracic vertebrae bone metastasis after external beam radiotherapy 2 months ago. An additional Tc-99m-prostate-specific membrane antigen scan showed a negative finding, although nonirradiated iliac bone metastasis was concordantly positive in both scans. The decrease in prostate-specific antigen-level from 156. Read More