Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Cell Rep 2018 Dec;25(11):3006-3020.e7

Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Urology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address:

There is a considerable need to identify those individuals with prostate cancer who have indolent disease. We propose that genes that control adult stem cell homeostasis in organs with slow turnover, such as the prostate, control cancer fate. One such gene, KLF4, overexpressed in murine prostate stem cells, regulates their homeostasis, blocks malignant transformation, and controls the self-renewal of tumor-initiating cells. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Jan;44(1):e54-e56

From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, and.

Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT scan for primary staging discovered increased Ga-PSMA uptake in a known anal fistula in a recently diagnosed high-risk prostate cancer patient. The patient had an ongoing history of surgical revisions of complex fistulas in the perianal region, contributing to active inflammation and infection. Recently, reports have demonstrated increased Ga-PSMA uptake in different benign inflammatory conditions. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Jan;44(1):40-41

Peritoneal carcinomatosis in prostate cancer is extremely rare and has been described in only few cases with high PSA level, androgen deprivation, or in symptomatic patients. To date, 2 cases of Ga-PSMA PET positive peritoneal metastases have been reported. We report a case of urachus metastases showed on Ga-PSMA PET/CT performed for biochemical recurrence with a very low PSA level at 0. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018 Dec 12:1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

1 Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637.

Objective: The objective of our study was to investigate the comparative effectiveness of different MRI sequences for the estimation of index lesion volume in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) compared with ground truth volume measured on whole-mount pathology.

Materials And Methods: Patients with PCa underwent multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) on a 3-T MRI scanner before radical prostatectomy. Forty PCa index lesions were identified and outlined on histology by a pathologist. Read More

Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018 Dec 10;73(suppl 1):e464s. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Grupo de Uro-Oncologia, Departamento de Urologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S1213-S1216

Department of Pathology, Düzce University, Düzce Medical School, Düzce, Turkey.

Cutaneous metastasis of prostate cancer is rare. Lesions in this type of skin metastasis are usually seen as suprapubic nodules. Here, we presented two cases with skin metastases of prostate cancer characterized by grouped cutaneous and subcutaneous nodules. Read More

J Sex Med 2018 Dec 24;15(12):1792-1810. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Background: There are multiple treatment options for men with localized prostate cancer that provide similar curative efficacy but differ in their impact on sexual functioning.

Aim: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Sexual Function and Satisfaction (SexFS) measures, including items from versions 1 and 2 of the short forms.

Methods: A population-based cohort of men across North Carolina completed surveys via phone interviews at baseline (prior to treatment) and at 3, 12, and 24 months after cancer treatment initiation. Read More

Res Rep Urol 2018 22;10:233-235. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,

Utilization of pre-biopsy multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is increasing. To optimize the usefulness of mpMRI, physicians should accurately quote patients a numerical risk of cancer based on their MRI. The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) standardizes interpretation of mpMRI; however, reported rates of clinically significant prostate cancer (CSC) stratified by PIRADS score vary widely. Read More

Front Oncol 2018 27;8:547. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Physiology, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo.

An increasing amount of research has recently strengthened the case for the existence of iron dysmetabolism in prostate cancer. It is characterized with a wide array of differential expression of iron-related proteins compared to normal cells. These proteins control iron entry, cellular iron distribution but also iron exit from prostate cells. Read More

Front Oncol 2018 27;8:543. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Urology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany.

The objective of this study was to obtain real-world information on gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist/antagonist (GnRHa) therapy in patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Anonymized, routine healthcare claims data from approx. 75 German statutory health insurance funds from 2010-2015 ( = 4,205,227) were analyzed. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018 14;2018:1347174. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

Switching of cellular energy production from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to aerobic glycolysis occurs in many types of tumors. However, the significance of energy metabolism for the development of prostate carcinoma is poorly understood. We investigated the expression of OXPHOS complexes in 94 human prostate carcinomas and paired benign tissue using immunohistochemistry. Read More

Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018 Dec 26;52(6):420-429. Epub 2018 Sep 26.

4Department of Radiology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, India.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare response evaluation criteria in solid tumours 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), positron emission tomography response criteria in solid tumours (PERCIST), European organisation for research and treatment of cancer (EORTC), and MD Anderson (MDA) criteria for response assessment by Gallium 68-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography-computed tomography (Ga68-PSMA PET-CT) in metastatic adenocarcinoma prostate cancer (mPCa) patients with biochemical progression. Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018 13;2018:1612948. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Australia.

Chronic prostatitis (CP) is a chronic inflammation in the prostate with unsatisfactory management. Danggui Beimu Kushen Wan (DBKW) is a classic formula developed 1800 years ago for patients with difficult urination and it has been widely utilized for CP in modern days. However, scientific understanding of DBKW on CP has not been systematically reviewed. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 21;10:6049-6059. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan,

Background: More than 500,000 people suffered from hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) annually and the relative incidence to mortality rate indicates its unfavorable prognosis. Several studies have proved that heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is indirectly engaged in the invasion and the metastasis of some types of malignancies, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer. The role of HO-1 in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC is still not clarified. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 20;10:5991-6001. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China,

Purpose: We previously found the involvement of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection in the pathogenesis of glioma. U94/rep, encoded by HHV-6, has been identified to play a vital role in viral gene expression and latency. Recent studies have shown its inhibition of angiogenesis and tumorigenesis in endothelial cells and prostate cancer cell line PC3, respectively. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2018 19;13:7669-7680. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Nanobioscience Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India,

Background: Considering the increase in cancer cases and number of deaths per year worldwide, development of potential therapeutics is imperative. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) are among the potential nanocarriers having unique properties for drug delivery. Doxorubicin (DOX), being the most commonly used drug, can be efficiently delivered to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-overexpressing cancer cells using functionalized MSNPs. Read More

Nat Rev Cancer 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Cancer Program, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been successful in deciphering the genetic component of predisposition to many human complex diseases including prostate cancer. Germline variants identified by GWAS progressively unravelled the substantial knowledge gap concerning prostate cancer heritability. With the beginning of the post-GWAS era, more and more studies reveal that, in addition to their value as risk markers, germline variants can exert active roles in prostate oncogenesis. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030;

One of the hallmarks of cancer is the formation of oncogenic fusion genes as a result of chromosomal translocations. Fusion genes are presumed to form before fusion RNA expression. However, studies have reported the presence of fusion RNAs in individuals who were negative for chromosomal translocations. Read More

Clin Chem 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland and Cancer Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Background: Genetic association studies have reported single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at chromosome 19q13.3 to be associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk. Recently, the rs61752561 SNP (Asp84Asn substitution) in exon 3 of the kallikrein-related peptidase 3 () gene encoding prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was reported to be strongly associated with PCa risk ( = 2. Read More

Clin Chem 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK

Background: Molecular characterization of tumors could be important for clinical management. Plasma DNA obtained noninvasively as a liquid biopsy could be widely applicable for clinical implementation in biomarker-based treatment strategies.

Content: Prostate cancer is a disease with variable clinical outcomes and molecular features and therefore presents multiple opportunities for biomarker-based treatment optimization. Read More

Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center.

In the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT), genotypes that may modify the effect of finasteride on the risk of prostate cancer have not been identified. Germline Genetic data from 1157 prostate cancer cases in PCPT were analyzed by case-only methods. Genotypes included 357 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 83 candidate genes in androgen metabolism, inflammation, circadian rhythm and other pathways. Read More

Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

The association between hyperglycemia and prostate cancer risk is inconsistent, and its association with prostate cancer mortality is understudied. Thus, we investigated the association between hyperglycemia and prostate cancer risk and mortality using multiple biomarkers simultaneously to classify hyper- and normoglycemia. We conducted a prospective analysis of 5,162 cancer-free men attending visit 2 (1990-1992) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study followed for total (N=671) and lethal (N=69) prostate cancer incidence and prostate cancer mortality (N=64) through 2012. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol 2018 Dec 8;58:111-120. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

Background & Objectives: An assessment of transition of cancer in India during the past 30 years, according to changes in demographic and epidemiologic risk factors was undertaken.

Materials & Methods: Cancer registry data (http://www.ncdirindia. Read More

J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018 Dec 4;1104:249-255. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, - Université Laval Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec city, QC, Canada; Canada Research Chair in Pharmacogenomics, Canada. Electronic address:

Abiraterone acetate (AA) is a prodrug of abiraterone, a selective and potent steroidal cytochrome P450 17alpha- hydroxylase-17,20-lyase (CYP17A1) blocking androgen synthesis in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Abiraterone (Abi) is metabolized to D(4)-abiraterone (D4A) directly blocking CYP17A1 and other steroidogenic enzymes and antagonizing the androgen receptor (AR). D4A is converted by 5α-reductase to 3-keto-5α-abiraterone (5α-Abi), an AR agonist. Read More

Cancer Cell 2018 Dec;34(6):996-1011.e8

Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark; Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:

Identifying the earliest somatic changes in prostate cancer can give important insights into tumor evolution and aids in stratifying high- from low-risk disease. We integrated whole genome, transcriptome and methylome analysis of early-onset prostate cancers (diagnosis ≤55 years). Characterization across 292 prostate cancer genomes revealed age-related genomic alterations and a clock-like enzymatic-driven mutational process contributing to the earliest mutations in prostate cancer patients. Read More

Cancer Cell 2018 Dec;34(6):874-876

Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address:

In this issue of Cancer Cell, Gerhauser et al. analyze early-onset prostate cancers, showing roles for androgen receptor-driven rearrangements, an early APOBEC-driven mutational mechanism, and ESRP1 gene duplication. Through integration of whole-genome, transcriptome, and methylome data, they identify high-risk subgroups and develop an algorithm that may predict molecular evolution. Read More

J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018 Dec 9:e22237. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Sushi repeat-containing protein X-linked 2 (SRPX2), a novel chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, is reported to play a critical role in tumorigenesis. However, the expression and functional role of SRPX2 in prostate cancer have not been defined. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression and functional role of SRPX2 in human prostate cancer. Read More

Prostate 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Urological Research Centre, Department of Urology, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.

Background: Overtreatment is a well-known clinical challenge in local prostate cancer (PCa). Although risk assessment models have contributed to a better stratification of patients with local PCa, a tailored management is still in its infancy. Over the last few decades, microRNAs (miRNAs) have shown promising results as biomarkers in PCa. Read More

Int J Cancer 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Urology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.

To investigate immune profile consisting of stromal PD-L1 expression, inhibitory or non-T-cell inflamed tumor microenvironment that may predict response to anti-PD-L1/PD-1 immunotherapy in prostate cancer, we validated the specificity of a PD-L1 monoclonal antibody (E1L3N) and identified PD-L1 specific expression in prostatic stromal nerve cells. PD-L1 expression was analyzed in 73 primary prostate cancers and 7 castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPC) by IHC and resulting data from primary prostate cancers were correlated with tumor-associated lymphocytes (TALs), clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcome. PD-L1 was expressed in the tumor cells in only one primary prostate cancer case and none of the CRPC. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China.

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) have been found to be tightly correlated with the progression of prostate cancer (PC). In this study, we investigated the effects of an SDF-1α/CXCR4 inhibitor, AMD3100, on cell progression and metastasis potential of human PC cells. Human PC cell lines (LNCaP, PC3, and DU145) were cultured to detect SDF-1α/CXCR4, which showed higher SDF-1α and CXCR4 expression than the normal human prostate epithelial cell line, RWPE-1. Read More

BJU Int 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Division of Urological Surgery and Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

BJU Int 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Objectives: To develop a registration framework for correlating positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) images with multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and histology of the prostate, thereby enabling voxel-wise analysis of imaging parameters.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective proof-of-concept study, nine patients scheduled for radical prostatectomy underwent mpMRI and PET/CT imaging prior to surgery. One had PET imaging using F-fluoromethylcholine (FCH), five using Ga-labelled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-HBED-CC (PMSA-11) and three using a trial Ga-labelled THP-PSMA tracer. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.

Prostate cancer (CaP) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide in 2012, and radiation therapy is one of the most common definitive treatment options for localized CaP. However, radioresistance is a major challenge for the current radiotherapy, accumulating evidences suggest microRNAs (miRNAs), as an important regulator in cellular ionizing radiation (IR) responses, are closely correlated with radiosensitivity in many cancers. Here, we identified microRNA-16-5p(miR-16-5p) is significantly upregulated in CaP LNCaP cells following IR and can enhance radiosensitivity through modulating Cyclin D1/E1-pRb-E2F1 pathway. Read More

J Appl Clin Med Phys 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Oncology Physics, Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.

Background: Independent verification of the dose delivered by complex radiotherapy can be performed by electronic portal imaging device (EPID) dosimetry. This paper presents 5-yr EPID in vivo dosimetry (IVD) data obtained using the Dosimetry Check (DC) software on a large cohort including breast, lung, prostate, and head and neck (H&N) cancer patients.

Material And Methods: The difference between in vivo dose measurements obtained by DC and point doses calculated by the Eclipse treatment planning system was obtained on 3795 radiotherapy patients treated with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) (n = 842) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) (n = 2953) at 6, 10, and 15 MV. Read More

BJU Int 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Objectives: To identify biomarkers that predict the response to standard androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) of patients newly diagnosed with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC) to improve therapeutic decision-making. We investigated whether the characterization of baseline circulating tumor cells (CTCs) predicted the effective period of standard ADT.

Materials And Methods: The study included 108 patients newly diagnosed with high-volume metastatic CSPC. Read More

Med Phys 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, 875 Blake Wilbur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5847, USA.

Purpose: Few features characterizing the dosimetric properties of the patients are included in currently available dose-volume histogram (DVH) prediction models, making it intractable to build a correlative relationship between the input and output parameters. Here we use PTV-only treatment plans of the patients (i.e. Read More

Prostate 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Background: Implantation of rat prostate cancer cells into the normal rat prostate results in tumor-stimulating adaptations in the tumor-bearing organ. Similar changes are seen in prostate cancer patients and they are related to outcome. One gene previously found to be upregulated in the non-malignant part of tumor-bearing prostate lobe in rats was the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-β (C/EBPβ). Read More

J Cell Physiol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered the most prevalent malignancy and the second major cause of cancer-related death in males from Western countries. PCa exhibits variable clinical pictures, ranging from dormant to highly metastatic cancer. PCa suffers from poor prognosis and diagnosis markers, and novel biomarkers are required to define disease stages and to design appropriate therapeutic approach by considering the possible genomic and epigenomic differences. Read More

Int J Cancer 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

African Cancer Registry Network, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Gulu Cancer Registry was established in 2014 to assess the incidence and survival of cancer in 4 districts of the Acholi Sub-region of northern Uganda. Here we report the results of the first 4 years of registration (2013-2016) in this largely rural population of 771,514. In total there were 1,627 cases of cancers registered; 644 among men (corresponding to an ASR of 106. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 Nov;22(22):8030-8033

Tumor Center, CFS, Fibromyalgia and Oxygen Ozone Therapy Unit, Mede Clinic, Sacile (PN), Italy.

Objective: Fatigue may be cause by all cancer treatments, maybe because the tissue damage or the build-up of dead cells derived products.

Patients And Methods: At the Mede Clinic in Sacile, Pordenone, Italy, from February 2016 to May 2018 we studied 50 patients with cancer and fatigue (15 with breast cancer, 12 with lung cancer, 11 with colon cancer, 5 with renal cancer, 3 with prostate cancer, 2 with melanoma and 2 hepatocellular carcinoma). Patients were treated with Auto Hemotransfusion (GAE) according to the SIOOT (Scientific Society of Oxygen Ozone Therapy) protocols, two times a week for one month and then twice monthly as maintenance therapy. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 Nov;22(22):7660-7670

Department of Urology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Taian, Taian, Shandong Province, China.

Objective: MicroRNA-144-3p (miR-144-3p) has been implicated in the tumorigenesis of multiple types of cancer. However, its role in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the biological role of miR-144-3p in the development of CRPC. Read More

Clin Transl Oncol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Alcoy, Spain.

Purpose: To retrospectively assess outcomes and to identify prognostic factors in patients diagnosed with intermediate-risk (IR) prostate cancer (PCa) treated with primary external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Materials And Methods: Data were obtained from the multi-institutional Spanish RECAP database, a population-based prostate cancer registry in Spain. All IR patients (NCCN criteria) who underwent primary EBRT were included. Read More

Target Oncol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Oncology, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.

With the decrease in PSA screening based on the 2011 United States Preventive Services Task Force guidelines and the potential approval of highly sensitive imaging techniques over the next few years, we are likely to see an increasing trend of metastatic prostate cancer diagnosis. Traditional therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer (nmPC) has consisted of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) followed by other hormonal therapy maneuvers, such as anti-androgen withdrawal, herbal preparations, low dose steroids, or ketoconazole. Androgen receptor-axis-targeted therapies (ARAT) were previously only approved for patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Read More

Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Prostate cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths in men and there is a growing interest in identifying natural compounds for its management. We analyzed bioactive withanolides in Withania coagulans from 11 different sites in Pakistan and evaluated the antiprostate cancer activities of leaf extracts from two sites with the greatest amounts. Total withanolide concentration differed by ~ 17-fold between sites, ranging from 1. Read More

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.

Purpose: Abiraterone acetate is a highly variable drug and has been approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in many countries. This study was conducted to compare the pharmacokinetic profile between the test product (abiraterone acetate tablet) and reference product ZYTIGA® (250 mg) mainly.

Methods: To overcome the high intra-subject variability of abiraterone, a two-sequence and four-period crossover study was designed to assess bioequivalence between the two products in 32 healthy male Chinese subjects under fasting conditions. Read More

Drugs 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Springer, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.

Oral enzalutamide (Xtandi), a second generation androgen receptor inhibitor, is indicated for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in numerous countries worldwide, with specific indications in this patient population varying between individual countries. Based on extensive experience in the clinical trial and/or real-world settings, oral enzalutamide 160 mg once daily is an effective and generally well tolerated treatment in a broad spectrum of patients with CRPC, including in nonmetastatic and metastatic disease and in chemotherapy-naive and -experienced metastatic CRPC. Enzalutamide is an emerging option for the treatment of men with nonmetastatic CRPC who are at high-risk for developing metastatic disease, and remains an important first-line option in chemotherapy-naive or -experienced patients with metastatic CRPC. Read More

Genes Genomics 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Informatics, University of Evora, 7004-516, Evora, Portugal.

Background: Identification of differentially expressed genes, i.e., genes whose transcript abundance level differs across different biological or physiological conditions, was indeed a challenging task. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hail, P O Box 2440, Hail, Saudi Arabia.

Serine/arginine protein kinase 1 (SRPK1); a versatile functional moonlighting protein involved in varied cellular activities comprised of cell cycle progression, innate immune response, chromatin reorganization, negative and positive regulation of viral genome replication, protein amino acid phosphorylation, regulation of numerous mRNA-processing pathways, germ cell development as well as inflammation due to acquaintances with many transcription factors and signaling pathways. Several diseases including cancer have been associated with dysregulation of SRPK1. The function of SRPK1 in cancer is contradictory and inexplicable because it acts as both tumor suppressor and promoter based on the type of cell and locale. Read More

World J Urol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16130, Genova, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate a five-step training model for transperineal prostate biopsies (TPPB) and the differences in terms of the detection rate (DR) and the ease of execution when using either the "fan technique" (FT) or the use of a Free Hand technique (FH).

Methods: A prospective observational randomised study was conducted from September 2015 to November 2017. Six naïve residents, who underwent the same five-steps training model, were randomly subdivided into two different groups of three residents based on the selected TPPB technique: A (FT) and B (FH). Read More