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    1700 results match your criteria Prolactin Deficiency

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    Short-term Assessment of HSCT Effects on the Hypothalamus-Pituitary Axis in Pediatric Thalassemic Patients.
    Arch Iran Med 2018 Feb 1;21(2):56-60. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
    Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Background: Beta thalassemia major (BTM) and its treatment by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may have deleterious effects on the endocrine systems. We assessed endocrine complications of HSCT in pediatric patients for 3 months.

    Methods: In 20 (6 female) pediatric major thalassemic patients (mean age of 10. Read More
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    [Fibroblast growth factor-21 as a marker of premature aging in young and middled-aged men with type 2 diabetes].
    Urologiia 2018 Mar(1):92-95
    I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
    Aim: To investigate the impact of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) on the severity of androgen deficiency in young and middle-aged men with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

    Materials And Methods: The study comprised 100 men with type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular multi-morbidity, obesity and androgen deficiency (study group) and 20 healthy men aged 35-50 years. The study group was further divided into two subgroups. Read More
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    A rare challenging case of co-existent craniopharyngioma, acromegaly and squamous cell lung cancer.
    Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 28;2018. Epub 2018 Mar 28.
    Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
    Co-existence of craniopharyngioma and acromegaly has been very rarely reported. A 65-year-old man presented with visual deterioration, fatigue and frontal headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a suprasellar heterogeneous, mainly cystic, 1. Read More
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    From Consternation to Revelation: Discovery of a Role for IGSF1 in Pituitary Control of Thyroid Function.
    J Endocr Soc 2018 Mar 6;2(3):220-231. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
    Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
    Immunoglobulin superfamily, member 1 (IGSF1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein highly expressed in the mammalian pituitary gland. Shortly after its discovery in 1998, the protein was proposed to function as a coreceptor for inhibins (and was even temporarily renamed inhibin binding protein). However, subsequent investigations, both and , failed to support a role for IGSF1 in inhibin action. Read More
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    The human breast cancer-associated protein, the prolactin-inducible protein (PIP), regulates intracellular signaling events and cytokine production by macrophages.
    Immunol Res 2018 Apr;66(2):245-254
    Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
    The prolactin-inducible protein (PIP) is considered a valuable biomarker that is associated with both benign and malignant pathological conditions of the mammary gland. The function of PIP in breast tumorigenesis remains unknown; however, evidence from our laboratory and others suggest that it regulates host immunity. Studies with PIP-deficient (PIP) mice demonstrated significantly lower numbers of CD4 T cells in their secondary lymphoid organs, impaired Th1 response, and impaired nitric oxide (NO) production. Read More
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    Clinical Features and Response to Treatment of Prolactinomas in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Single-Centre Analysis and Review of the Literature.
    Horm Res Paediatr 2018 16;89(3):157-165. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
    Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
    Background: Paediatric prolactinomas are rare. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and outcome of paediatric patients with prolactinomas.

    Methods: In this single-centre retrospective analysis, clinical, biochemical, and radiological features of all paediatric patients with pituitary adenomas diagnosed between 2000 and 2016 were evaluated. Read More
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    Somatolactogens and diabetic retinopathy.
    Growth Horm IGF Res 2018 Feb 6. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Madero Col. Mitras Centro S/N, Monterrey, NL 64460, Mexico; TecSalud del Tecnológico de Monterrey, Centro Médico Zambrano-Hellion, Batallón San Patricio 112, Real de San Agustín, 66278 San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, Mexico; Vitagénesis, SA de CV. Blvd, Puerta del Sol #1005, Colinas de San Jerónimo, Monterrey, NL 64630, Mexico. Electronic address:
    Importance: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common of all diabetic complications. The number of people with DR in the United States is expected to increase to 16 million by 2050. DR is the leading cause of blindness among working-age adults in many different countries, including the United States. Read More
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    Dysfunction of DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 in the decidua is relevant to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
    Biol Reprod 2018 Jun;98(6):821-833
    Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
    Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disorder that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation and affects 3-5% of all human pregnancies worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of PE still remains poorly understood. A deficiency in decidualization is considered a contributing factor to the development of PE. Read More
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    [Study on the mechanism of Bushen Culuan Chongji treating "kidney deficiency and blood stasis" in ovulatory dysfunctional infertility].
    Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2017 Dec;42(23):4445-4450
    China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
    Kidney deficiency and blood stasis is the main cause of ovulatory dysfunctional infertility. Kidney deficiency is the main pathological mechanism. Blood stasis is the main pathological manifestation, and it is an important factor throughout. Read More
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    Isolated follicle stimulated hormone deficiency in male: case report.
    BMC Res Notes 2018 Jan 15;11(1):24. Epub 2018 Jan 15.
    Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
    Background: Recent rapid advances in assisted reproductive health technologies enables couples with subfertility to conceive through various intervention. Majority of treatment modalities target the female partner. However it is important to identify and treat male factor subfertility right at the outset. Read More
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    ENDOMETRIAL POLYPS IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE: CLINICAL AND PATHOGENE-TIC VARIATIONS.
    Georgian Med News 2017 Dec(273):16-22
    SI "Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology NAMS of Ukraine", Endocrine Gynecology Department, Kyiv, Ukraine.
    The aim of the study was to study the relationship between the morphofunctional characteristics of the endometrium, hormonal homeostasis and microbiocenosis of the reproductive system in patients with endometrial polyps. The study involved 130 patients aged 18-35 years: 34 patients with endometrial polyps, 30 patients with micropolyps, 36 patients with endometrial polyps and micropolyps, 30 healthy women of the control group. Hysteroscopy was performed for women who had been suspected for endometrial polyps and who had infertility or repeated recurrent miscarriages. Read More
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    Effects of deficiency and surplus dietary threonine on reproductive performance of primiparous pregnant gilts.
    J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018 Apr 11;102(2):e964-e971. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
    State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
    Dietary threonine imbalance is known to impair reproductive performances of gestating sows, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, effects of deficiency and surplus dietary threonine during gestation on reproductive performance, serum metabolites and hormones concentration, and colostral nutrient and immunoglobulin contents of primiparous sows were investigated. Ninety primiparous pregnant gilts were assigned to one of the three dietary treatments with different standardized ileal digestible threonine/lysine ratios at 0. Read More
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    Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis Reactivation by Kisspeptin-10 in Hyperprolactinemic Women With Chronic Amenorrhea.
    J Endocr Soc 2017 Nov 16;1(11):1362-1371. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
    Reproductive Endocrinology Department, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94275, France.
    Context: Hyperprolactinemia-induced hypogonadotropic amenorrhea (hPRL-HA) is a major cause of hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency in women. In hyperprolactinemic mice, we previously demonstrated that hypothalamic kisspeptin (Kp) expression was diminished and that Kp administration restored hypothalamic GnRH release, gonadotropin secretion, and ovarian cyclicity, suggesting that Kp neurons could also play a role in hPRL-HA.

    Objective: To study the effect of Kp-10 on the gonadotropic-ovarian axis in women with hPRL-HA. Read More
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    HMGA2 cooperates with either p27 deficiency or Cdk4 mutation in pituitary tumorigenesis.
    Cell Cycle 2018 30;17(5):580-588. Epub 2018 Jan 30.
    a CNR - Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology - c/o Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies , University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy.
    We have previously reported a critical role of HMGA proteins in pituitary tumorigenesis since either the Hmga1 or Hmga2 gene overexpression/activation induces the development of mixed growth hormone/prolactin cell pituitary adenomas by activating the E2F transcription factor 1, and then enhancing the G1/S transition of the cell cycle. Consistently, amplification and overexpression of the HMGA2 gene was found in human pituitary prolactinomas. Since impairment of the cell cycle control represents a feature of experimental and human pituitary adenomas, we have investigated the possible synergism between the alterations of other cell cycle regulators, such as p27 deficiency or Cdk4 mutation, with Hmga2 overexpression in pituitary tumorigenesis. Read More
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    Addressing the post-irradiation hypothalamic-pituitary endocrine abnormalities of brain tumors in pediatric patients.
    J BUON 2017 Sep-Oct;22(5):1240-1245
    University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Larissa, Greece.
    Purpose: Hypothalamic-pituitary axis is susceptible to radiotherapy, causing endocrine disorders to childhood cancer survivors. We conducted a systematic review in order to assess the radiation-induced toxicity that leads to hormone secretion abnormalities and their severity in children with brain tumors.

    Methods: The data were collected by relevant studies on PubMed and EMBASE. Read More
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    Zinc transporter 2 interacts with vacuolar ATPase and is required for polarization, vesicle acidification, and secretion in mammary epithelial cells.
    J Biol Chem 2017 Dec 7;292(52):21598-21613. Epub 2017 Nov 7.
    From the Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology,
    An important feature of the mammary gland is its ability to undergo profound morphological, physiological, and intracellular changes to establish and maintain secretory function. During this process, key polarity proteins and receptors are recruited to the surface of mammary epithelial cells (MECs), and the vesicle transport system develops and matures. However, the intracellular mechanisms responsible for the development of secretory function in these cells are unclear. Read More
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    The Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis and Autoantibody Related Disorders.
    Int J Mol Sci 2017 Nov 3;18(11). Epub 2017 Nov 3.
    Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
    This review summarized different studies reporting the presence of autoantibodies reacting against cells of the pituitary (APAs) and/or hypothalamus (AHAs). Both APAs and AHAs have been revealed through immunofluorescence using different kinds of substrates. Autoantibodies against gonadotropic cells were mainly found in patients affected by cryptorchidism and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism while those against prolactin cells were found in different kinds of patients, the majority without pituitary abnormalities. Read More
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    The prostate response to prolactin modulation in adult castrated rats subjected to testosterone replacement.
    J Mol Histol 2017 Dec 7;48(5-6):403-415. Epub 2017 Oct 7.
    Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
    Despite the androgenic dependence, other hormones, growth factors, and cytokines are necessary to support prostatic growth and maintain the glandular structure; among them, prolactin is a non-steroidal hormone secreted mainly by the pituitary gland. However, extra-pituitary expression of prolactin, such as in the prostate, has also been demonstrated, highlighting the paracrine and autocrine actions of prolactin within the prostate. Here, we investigated whether prolactin modulation alters ventral prostate (VP) morphophysiology in adult castrated rats. Read More
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    Growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (GREB1) is a novel progesterone-responsive gene required for human endometrial stromal decidualization.
    Mol Hum Reprod 2017 Sep;23(9):646-653
    Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
    Study Question: Is Growth Regulation by Estrogen in Breast Cancer 1 (GREB1) required for progesterone-driven endometrial stromal cell decidualization?

    Summary Answer: GREB1 is a novel progesterone-responsive gene required for progesterone-driven human endometrial stromal cell (HESC) decidualization.

    What Is Known Already: Successful establishment of pregnancy requires HESCs to transform from fibroblastic to epithelioid cells in a process called decidualization. This process depends on the hormone progesterone, but the molecular mechanisms by which it occurs have not been determined. Read More
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    NCB5OR Deficiency in the Cerebellum and Midbrain Leads to Dehydration and Alterations in Thirst Response, Fasted Feeding Behavior, and Voluntary Exercise in Mice.
    Cerebellum 2018 Apr;17(2):152-164
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
    Cytosolic NADH-cytochrome-b5-oxidoreductase (NCB5OR) is ubiquitously expressed in animal tissues. We have previously reported that global ablation of NCB5OR in mice results in early-onset lean diabetes with decreased serum leptin levels and increased metabolic and feeding activities. The conditional deletion of NCB5OR in the mouse cerebellum and midbrain (conditional knock out, CKO mice) results in local iron dyshomeostasis and altered locomotor activity. Read More
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    Vitamin D, Cathelicidin, Prolactin, Autoantibodies, and Cytokines in Different Forms of Pulmonary Tuberculosis versus Sarcoidosis.
    Isr Med Assoc J 2017 Aug;19(8):499-505
    Department of Pathology, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
    Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases such as tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.

    Objectives: To evaluate the vitamin D-dependent mechanisms of immunity and autoimmunity in different forms of pulmonary tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.

    Methods: We measured the serum levels of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D, individual autoimmune profiles, plasma concentrations of cathelicidin, several hormones, and production of nine cytokines in patients with short- and long-duration tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. Read More
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    Iodine excess exposure during pregnancy and lactation impairs maternal thyroid function in rats.
    Endocr Connect 2017 Oct 16;6(7):510-521. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
    Department of Physiology and BiophysicsInstitute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
    Adequate maternal iodine consumption during pregnancy and lactation guarantees normal thyroid hormones (TH) production, which is crucial to the development of the fetus. Indeed, iodine deficiency is clearly related to maternal hypothyroidism and deleterious effects in the fetal development. Conversely, the effects of iodine excess (IE) consumption on maternal thyroid function are still controversial. Read More
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    An Indian Family with Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency.
    Indian Pediatr 2017 Jun;54(6):499-501
    Pediatric Neurology and Neurodevelopment Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. Correspondence to: Prof. Pratibha Singhi, APC, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160 012, India.
    Background: Tyrosine Hydroxylase deficiency is a rare neurotransmitter disorder.

    Case Characteristics: An Indian family with the disorder.

    Observations: Phenotypic variation, elevated serum prolactin, genetic confirmation, and partial treatment-responsiveness. Read More
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    25-hydroxyvitamin D Correlation with Prolactin Levels and Adenoma Size in Female Patients with Newly Diagnosed Prolactin Secreting Adenoma.
    Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2017 ;17(3):219-225
    Department of Microbiology at Specialized Medical Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura. Egypt.
    Objective: The present research explored the relationship of vitamin D status with prolactin levels and adenoma size in female patients with newly diagnosed prolactinoma and determination of hypovitaminosis D prevalence among female patients with prolactinoma.

    Patients And Methods: We enrolled 67 female patients with newly diagnosed prolactinoma (41 with micro adenoma and 26 with macro adenoma) in this case-control study at the time of presentation. We selected 45 female subjects as a control group who were matched according to age, weight, height, body mass index and waist circumference. Read More
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    Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism reversal after testosterone replacement in a 34-year-old male.
    BMJ Case Rep 2017 Jun 5;2017. Epub 2017 Jun 5.
    Department of Endocrinology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
    A 34-year-old male presented to the endocrinology clinic with the complaint of the absence of facial, axillary and pubic hairs. Further history revealed absent ejaculations and decreased early morning erections. The patient had no history of headaches, visual problems or anosmia. Read More
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    Assessment of Hypogonadism in Men With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia.
    Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes 2017 19;10:1179551417710209. Epub 2017 May 19.
    Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Diabetes Treatment Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
    Background/objectives: A high incidence of hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been globally reported. This study aimed to determining the frequency of hypogonadism and related risk factors among men with T2D in a single-site hospital in Saudi Arabia.

    Design And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 157 men with T2D (between 30 and 70 years of age). Read More
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    Hyperprolactinemia in Children with Subclinical Hypothyroidism.
    J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2017 Dec 22;9(4):350-354. Epub 2017 May 22.
    Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Department of Biochemistry, New Delhi, India.
    Prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in children with subclinical hypothyroidism (ScH) is not known. This study aimed to determine the occurrence and predictors of hyperprolactinemia in euthyroid children and in children with ScH and overt primary hypothyroidism (OPH). Serum prolactin levels were estimated in consecutive children <18 years of age undergoing thyroid function evaluation and diagnosed to have normal thyroid function, ScH, or OPH. Read More
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    [Cornelia de Lange Syndrome and multiple hormonal deficiency, an unusual association. Clinical case].
    Arch Argent Pediatr 2017 06;115(3):e170-e174
    Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander.
    Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a genetic disease characterized by distinctive facial features, failure to thrive, microcephaly and several malformations associated. Its main endocrinological features are anomalies of the genitalia. We present a 13-year-old boy, who suffered from complicated aspiration pneumonia and showed Cornelia de Lange syndrome phenotype, with global developmental delay, suction-swallowing abnormalities, short stature and abnormal genitalia associated. Read More
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    Deletion of RhoA in Progesterone Receptor-Expressing Cells Leads to Luteal Insufficiency and Infertility in Female Mice.
    Endocrinology 2017 07;158(7):2168-2178
    Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602.
    Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA) is widely expressed throughout the female reproductive system. To assess its role in progesterone receptor-expressing cells, we generated RhoA conditional knockout mice RhoAd/d (RhoAf/f-Pgr-Cre+/-). RhoAd/d female mice had comparable mating activity, serum luteinizing hormone, prolactin, and estradiol levels and ovulation with control but were infertile with progesterone insufficiency, indicating impaired steroidogenesis in RhoAd/d corpus luteum (CL). Read More
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    Microdissection testicular sperm extraction in men with nonobstructive azoospermia: Experience of King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
    Urol Ann 2017 Apr-Jun;9(2):136-140
    Department of Urology, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
    Objectives: Microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) is an optimal technique of sperm extraction for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. This study is to present our experience in micro-TESE and evaluate the relation of its sperm retrieval rate (SRR) with patients' characteristics, testicular functions, and histological parameters as well as previous sperm retrieval interventions.

    Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of 255 patients with nonobstructive azoospermia who underwent micro-TESE between 2011 and 2014. Read More
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    Serelaxin treatment promotes adaptive hypertrophy but does not prevent heart failure in experimental peripartum cardiomyopathy.
    Cardiovasc Res 2017 May;113(6):598-608
    Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
    Aims: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a systolic left ventricular dysfunction developing in the peripartum phase in previously healthy women. Relaxin-2 is a pregnancy hormone with potential beneficial effects in heart failure patients. We evaluated Relaxin-2 as a potential diagnostic marker and/or a therapeutic agent in PPCM. Read More
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    Altered structure and function of adipose tissue in long-lived mice with growth hormone-related mutations.
    Adipocyte 2017 04 21;6(2):69-75. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
    a Department of Internal Medicine , Southern Illinois University School of Medicine , Springfield , Illinois , USA.
    A major focus of biogerontology is elucidating the role(s) of the endocrine system in aging and the accumulation of age-related diseases. Endocrine control of mammalian longevity was first reported in Ames dwarf (Prop1) mice, which are long-lived due to a recessive Prop1 loss-of-function mutation resulting in deficiency of growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone, and prolactin. Following this report, several other GH-related mutants with altered longevity have been described including long-lived Snell dwarf and growth hormone receptor knockout mice, and short-lived GH overexpressing transgenic mice. Read More
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    Dynamics of hormonal disorders following unilateral orchiectomy for a testicular tumor.
    Med Oncol 2017 May 7;34(5):84. Epub 2017 Apr 7.
    Department of Uro-Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Roentgena 5 st., 02-781, Warsaw, Poland.
    Testicular tumors and their treatment interfere with homeostasis, hormonal status included. The aim of the study was to evaluate hormonal disorders of the pituitary-gonadal axis in men treated for testicular tumors. One hundred twenty-eight men treated for a unilateral testicular tumor at our institution were included. Read More
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    Cooperative Synthesis of Dopamine in Rat Mediobasal Hypothalamus as a Compensatory Mechanism in Hyperprolactinemia.
    Biochemistry (Mosc) 2017 Mar;82(3):366-372
    Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
    Dopamine (DA), synthesized in the mediobasal hypothalamus by dopaminergic neurons containing two enzymes of DA synthesis - tyrosine hydroxylase and decarboxylase of aromatic L-amino acids, or by monoenzymatic non-dopaminergic neurons containing one DA synthesis enzyme in cooperation, is known to have an inhibitory effect on prolactin secretion. Deterioration of this inhibitory control leads to an increase in prolactin concentration in the blood and to the development of hyperprolactinemia syndrome. In a rat model of hyperprolactinemia induced by administration of a neurotoxin causing degeneration of dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons, the level of DA first decreases, leading to an increase in prolactin level (decompensation stage), while later both levels are restored to normal (compensation stage). Read More
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    Stromal activity coordinates a niche signaling program for mammary epithelial stem cells.
    Science 2017 04 9;356(6335). Epub 2017 Mar 9.
    Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
    The stem cell niche is a complex local signaling microenvironment that sustains stem cell activity during organ maintenance and regeneration. The mammary gland niche must support its associated stem cells while also responding to systemic hormonal regulation that triggers pubertal changes. We find that , the major Hedgehog pathway transcriptional effector, acts within mouse mammary stromal cells to direct a hormone-responsive niche signaling program by activating expression of factors that regulate epithelial stem cells as well as receptors for the mammatrophic hormones estrogen and growth hormone. Read More
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    Pituitary dysfunction in traumatic brain injury: Is evaluation in the acute phase worthwhile?
    Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2017 Jan-Feb;21(1):80-84
    Department of Endocrinology, Topiwala National Medical College, Bai Yamunabai Laxman Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
    Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an under-recognized cause of hypopituitarism. According to recent data, it could be more frequent than previously known. However, there is a scarcity of data in Indian population. Read More
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    Effect of Corticosteroids and Cyclophosphamide on Sex Hormone Profiles in Male Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or Systemic Sclerosis.
    Arthritis Rheumatol 2017 06 4;69(6):1272-1279. Epub 2017 May 4.
    Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) are autoimmune diseases that predominantly affect female patients, and therefore fewer investigations have been conducted in men. The aim of this study was to analyze sex hormone levels in male patients with SLE and those with SSc, compared to matched controls, in relation to the use of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide (CYC).

    Methods: Sex hormone levels were measured in fasting blood samples from male patients with SLE (n = 71) and those with SSc (n = 29) and compared to population-based, age-matched male controls. Read More
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    Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency.
    Orphanet J Rare Dis 2017 01 18;12(1):12. Epub 2017 Jan 18.
    Department of Child Neurology and Metabolic Disorders, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
    Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (AADCD) is a rare, autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder that leads to a severe combined deficiency of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine. Onset is early in life, and key clinical symptoms are hypotonia, movement disorders (oculogyric crisis, dystonia, and hypokinesia), developmental delay, and autonomic symptoms.In this consensus guideline, representatives of the International Working Group on Neurotransmitter Related Disorders (iNTD) and patient representatives evaluated all available evidence for diagnosis and treatment of AADCD and made recommendations using SIGN and GRADE methodology. Read More
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    Testosterone replacement therapy: role of pituitary and thyroid in diagnosis and treatment.
    Transl Androl Urol 2016 Dec;5(6):850-858
    Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
    Crosstalk among hormones characterizes endocrine function, and assessment of the hypogonadal man should take that into consideration. In men for whom testosterone deficiency is a concern, initial evaluation should include a thorough history and physical exam in which other endocrinopathies are being considered. Hypogonadism can be associated with both pituitary and thyroid dysfunction, for which appropriate biochemical evaluation should be undertaken in certain clinical scenarios. Read More
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    Endocrinology Update: Hirsutism.
    FP Essent 2016 Dec;451:17-24
    University of Michigan Medical School Ypsilanti Health Center, 200 Arnet Suite 200, Ypsilanti, MI 48198.
    Hirsutism is defined as excessive terminal hair growth, such as coarse sexual or secondary hair, that typically appears in a male growth pattern in androgen-dependent areas of the female body. It can occur in men and women. Common etiologies include polycystic ovary syndrome, idiopathic hyperandrogenemia, idiopathic hirsutism, adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, androgen-secreting tumors, iatrogenic hirsutism, acromegaly, Cushing syndrome, hyperprolactinemia, and hypo- or hyperthyroidism. Read More
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    Effects of High-Fat Diet on Stress Response in Male and Female Wildtype and Prolactin Knockout Mice.
    PLoS One 2016 28;11(11):e0166416. Epub 2016 Nov 28.
    Department of Biology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States of America.
    Prolactin (PRL) is well characterized for its roles in initiation and maintenance of lactation, and it also suppresses stress-induced responses. Feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) disrupts activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Whether PRL regulates HPA axis activation under HFD feeding is not clear. Read More
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    Oestrogens, prolactin, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and schizophrenic psychoses.
    Lancet Psychiatry 2017 Jan 15;4(1):63-72. Epub 2016 Nov 15.
    Center for Gender Research and Early Detection, University of Basel Psychiatric Clinics, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address:
    Interest is growing in the potential effect of gonadal hormones, prolactin, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in schizophrenic psychoses. Many studies from clinical, epidemiological, and fundamental research have confirmed that oestradiol, the main component of oestrogens, can have protective effects in schizophrenic psychoses. Furthermore, many patients with schizophrenic psychoses-even in the untreated prodromal stages-have hyperprolactinaemia and gonadal dysfunction, with oestrogen deficiency in women and testosterone deficiency in men. Read More
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    Childhood acromegaly due to X-linked acrogigantism: long term follow-up.
    Pituitary 2016 Dec;19(6):560-564
    Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
    Purpose: Acromegaly in infancy is extremely rare. We describe a 32 year old woman who presented at 6 months of age with isolated macrocephaly, followed by accelerated linear growth. At 21 months of age, her head circumference was 55 cm (+5. Read More
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    Genomic analyses identify agents regulating somatotroph and lactotroph functions.
    Funct Integr Genomics 2016 Nov 5;16(6):693-704. Epub 2016 Oct 5.
    Basic Medical College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China.
    Isolated hormone deficiency might be caused by loss of a specific type of endocrine cells, and regenerating these missing cells may provide a new option for future treatment. It is known that POU1F1 lineage cells can differentiate into thyrotroph, somatotroph, and lactotroph. However, there is no effective way of controlling pituitary stem/progenitor cells to differentiate into a specific type of endocrine cell. Read More
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    Acute hormonal findings after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage - report from a single center.
    Endocr Res 2017 May 18;42(2):125-131. Epub 2016 Oct 18.
    e Department of Clinical Medicine, Biostatistics , University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital , Turku , Finland.
    Purpose: The aim was to assess anterior pituitary hormone levels during the acute phase of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and analyze the possible association with the clinical condition and outcome.

    Material And Methods: Forty patients with aSAH whose aneurysm was secured by endovascular coiling were enrolled. Basal secretions of cortisol, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were measured up to 14 days after the incident. Read More
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    Brown Adipose Tissue Function Is Enhanced in Long-Lived, Male Ames Dwarf Mice.
    Endocrinology 2016 Dec 14;157(12):4744-4753. Epub 2016 Oct 14.
    Department of Internal Medicine (J.D., S.M., Y.F., J.A.H., C.Z., A.B.), Geriatric Research, and Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology (J.D., A.B.), Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois 62702; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (C.Z.), Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China; and Department of Biology (L.Y.S.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294.
    Ames dwarf mice (Prop1) are long-lived due to a loss of function mutation, resulting in deficiency of GH, TSH, and prolactin. Along with a marked extension of longevity, Ames dwarf mice have improved energy metabolism as measured by an increase in their oxygen consumption and heat production, as well as a decrease in their respiratory quotient. Along with alterations in energy metabolism, Ames dwarf mice have a lower core body temperature. Read More
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    Evaluation of pituitary function in cases with the diagnosis of pediatric mild traumatic brain injury: Cross-sectional study.
    J Neurosci Rural Pract 2016 Oct-Dec;7(4):537-543
    Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
    Background: This study was to determine whether pituitary dysfunction occurs after head trauma in children or not and which axis is affected more; to define the association of pituitary dysfunction with the severity of head trauma and duration time after the diagnosis of head trauma.

    Materials And Methods: In this study, 24 children who were diagnosed with head trauma were evaluated regarding pituitary dysfunction. In all cases, after 12 h fasting, serum cortisol, fT3, fT4, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-1, serum sodium, urine density, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, in female cases E, in male cases, TT levels were determined. Read More
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    Truncating Prolactin Receptor Mutations Promote Tumor Growth in Murine Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Mammary Carcinomas.
    Cell Rep 2016 09;17(1):249-260
    McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Ave., St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, 4921 Parkview Pl., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address:
    Estrogen receptor alpha-positive (ERα+) luminal tumors are the most frequent subtype of breast cancer. Stat1(-/-) mice develop mammary tumors that closely recapitulate the biological characteristics of this cancer subtype. To identify transforming events that contribute to tumorigenesis, we performed whole genome sequencing of Stat1(-/-) primary mammary tumors and matched normal tissues. Read More
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    Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guideline for Pretreatment Endocrine Evaluation of Patients With Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas.
    Neurosurgery 2016 10;79(4):E527-9
    ‡Departments of Medicine and Neurological Surgery, OHSU Northwest Pituitary Center, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, Oregon; §Guidelines Department, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Schaumburg, Illinois; ¶Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona; ‖Pituitary Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; #Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; **Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; ‡‡Department of Neurosurgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC; §§Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; ¶¶Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
    Background: Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are among the most common pituitary lesions and may present with hypopituitarism and/or hyperprolactinemia.

    Objective: To review the existing literature as it pertains to preoperative endocrine assessment in the workup for NFPAs.

    Methods: A systematic review methodology was utilized to identify and screen articles assessing the role and results of preoperative laboratory assessment in patients with NFPAs. Read More
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