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J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020 May 26. Epub 2020 May 26.

University of Pittsburgh, Department of Plastic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA.

Surgeons have preferential ways of performing venous anastomosis in head and neck microsurgery. However, controversies exist regarding the superiority of each method. This study aims to determine the effects of these variables on the rates of thrombosis and flap failure, and propose an algorithm to be used as a facilitator in the decision-making process. Read More

Int J Colorectal Dis 2020 Jul 24;35(7):1173-1182. Epub 2020 May 24.

Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110, Larissa, Greece.

Background: In order to assess the various surgical modalities for local resection of rectal tumors, a systematic review of the current literature and a network meta-analysis (NMA) was designed and conducted.

Methods: The present study adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions principles. Scholar databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science) were systematically screened up to 23/12/2019. Read More

Nat Protoc 2020 Jun 13;15(6):1992-2023. Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Cranial microsurgery is an essential procedure for accessing the brain through the skull that can be used to introduce neural probes that measure and manipulate neural activity. Neuroscientists have typically used tools such as high-speed drills adapted from dentistry to perform these procedures. As the number of technologies available for neuroscientists has increased, the corresponding cranial microsurgery procedures to deploy them have become more complex. Read More

Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2020 Jun 28;106(4):725-729. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

CHU Angers-Neurochirurgie, 4, rue Larrey, 49033 Angers cedex 3; Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire d'Anatomie, Université Angers, rue Haute de Reculée, 49045 Angers, France.

Introduction: In France, microsurgery is taught in University diploma courses, for a mean 100hours (range, 45-120hours) extending over several months. This training, spread over the year, encounters problems of maintaining high-quality supervision and enduring acquisition of skills. These difficulties risk leading to withdrawal of certain courses, already suffering from funding issues and administrative requirements for animal welfare. Read More

Surg Technol Int 2020 May;36:444-452

UOC Traumatology-Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, CTO Hospital, Torino, Italy.

Cortical plasticity is a finely regulated process that allows the central nervous system (CNS) to change in response to internal and external stimuli. While these modifications occur throughout normal brain development, interestingly, they are also elicited after peripheral nerve injury and surgery. This article provides an overview of the principle mechanisms of synaptic, neuronal, cortical and subcortical neuroplasticity, with special attention to cortical and subcortical modifications-as suggested by modern neuroimaging techniques-after peripheral nerve surgery. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2020 May;133(9):1096-1098

Emergency Center of Trauma, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China.

J Endod 2020 Jun 10;46(6):863-871. Epub 2020 Apr 10.

Air Force Postgraduate Dental School, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas; Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland.

Targeted endodontic microsurgery (TEMS) combines a precisely designed 3-dimensional (3D)-printed surgical guide with a trephine bur for safe and efficient osteotomy and root-end resection. The TEMS digital workflow converts the patient's anatomy into digital data in 4 steps. First, bone, teeth, and neurovascular spaces are rendered with cone-beam computed tomographic imaging. Read More

J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2020 Jan-Feb;34(1 Suppl. 1):161-164

Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.

Introduction: CBCT combined to intra-oral scansion are the means to build an endodontic surgical guide to perform an easier and safer access to the apex in endodontic micro-surgery. .

Methods: A 38-year-old woman presented chronic apical periodontitis, which involved the three roots of 16 that was treated by endodontic therapy several years ago elsewhere. Read More

J Neurosurg 2019 Nov 29:1-12. Epub 2019 Nov 29.

5Department of Neurosurgery, Uludag University School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey.

Objective: Transorbital approaches for neurosurgery have recently attracted attention and several anatomical studies have aimed to improve these techniques, but significant deficiencies in clinical practice remain, especially for aneurysm surgery. The authors present an alternative microsurgical route and the results of an analysis of patients with intracranial aneurysms who underwent a lateral transorbital approach (LTOA) using lateral orbito-zygoma-sphenotomy (LOZYGS).

Methods: The clinical and surgical results of a series of 54 consecutive patients with 1 or more aneurysms who underwent surgery via LTOA are reported. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 12;144(6):1351-1357

New York, N.Y.; Lebanon, N.H.; and Orlando, Fla. From the Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center; the Section of Plastic Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center; and the Orlando Plastic Surgery Institute.

Background: Treating ring avulsion injuries continues to challenge the reconstructive hand surgeon. The complex operation draws from plastic surgery and orthopedic surgery principles to provide soft-tissue coverage, skeletal fixation, tendon repair, and neurovascular reconstruction. Furthermore, the application of microsurgical techniques has enabled the revascularization and replantation of completely avulsed fingers. Read More

Injury 2019 Dec 23;50 Suppl 5:S117-S122. Epub 2019 Oct 23.

Department of Hand, Upper Extremity and Microsurgery, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece. Electronic address:

Free flaps are the gold standard for reconstruction of the mandible, tongue and floor of the mouth. Free fibular flaps are the most preferable option for reconstruction of complex mandibular defects, as well as for tongue and mouth floor reconstruction, since they are harvested easily, present excellent sculptability and good functional outcomes. Alternative options for bone reconstruction include the fibular and iliac crest free flap, and for soft tissue reconstruction include the anterolateral thigh, the radial forearm free flap, and the nasolabial island flap. Read More

Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2019 ;83(4):5-17

Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia.

Aneurysms of vertebral (VA) and posterior inferior cerebellar arteries (PICA) are relatively rare pathologies and account for 3.4% of the total number of intracranial aneurysms.

Material And Methods: The experience of microsurgical treatment of 67 patients with VA and PICA aneurysms in N. Read More

Indian J Plast Surg 2019 Jan 2;52(1):17-25. Epub 2019 May 2.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

Just as in the craft of carpentry, a stable foundation and framework are absolutely essential to the final function of a building, but no more important than the drywall, trim, and paint that make the building functional, durable, and livable. Reconstruction of the lower extremity is similar; the orthopaedic surgeon must obtain stable fixation of the damaged or diseased bone once a thorough debridement of nonviable bone is performed, while the plastic or orthopaedic soft tissue surgeon must provide vascularized, stable coverage. These two components are complementary and both contribute to the success or failure of functional limb restoration. Read More

Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2019 Nov 16;31(4):637-646. Epub 2019 Aug 16.

Head and Neck Oncologic and Microvascular Reconstructive Surgery, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA.

Microvascular free tissue transfer has revolutionized the reconstruction of complex maxillofacial defects. These cases often necessitate a 2-teamed approach, with an ablative surgeon at the head and a reconstructive surgeon at a distant site for flap harvest. Careful attention to recipient vessel identification and preservation establishes the foundation for successful reconstruction. Read More

Biophys J 2019 09 31;117(5):975-986. Epub 2019 Jul 31.

Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Engineered fibrous tissues consisting of cells encapsulated within collagen gels are widely used three-dimensional in vitro models of morphogenesis and wound healing. Although cell-mediated matrix remodeling that occurs within these scaffolds has been extensively studied, less is known about the mesoscale physical principles governing the dynamics of tissue shape. Here, we show both experimentally and by using computer simulations how surface contraction through the development of surface stresses (analogous to surface tension in fluids) coordinates with bulk contraction to drive shape evolution in constrained three-dimensional microtissues. Read More

Fertil Steril 2019 08;112(2):183-196

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Electronic address:

Before the modern era of in vitro fertilization, reproductive surgery to deal with pelvic disease was the key intervention in the management of infertility. A series of clinical observations and animal experiments led to the development of microsurgical principles, which were applicable to all forms of gynecologic surgery. The evolution of endoscopy permitted minimally invasive approaches to most pelvic pathology. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Jul;30(5):1352-1358

Deschamps-Braly Clinic of Plastic & Craniofacial Surgery, San Francisco, CA.

The 1960s and 1970s were an important time for craniofacial surgery because of the work of Paul Tessier and Hugo Obwegeser, both mentored by Sir Harold Gillies, along with many other important monumental minds. During this era, the birth of craniofacial surgery occurred and represented a new discrete specialty within plastic surgery. In the 1980s distraction of the facial skeleton became an indispensable tool in the arsenal of the craniofacial surgeon, based on initial cases in Italy, and rigorous research by McCarthy, Grayson, and others. Read More

Mil Med 2019 07;184(7-8):e236-e246

NYU Langone Health New York, NY, Hansjorg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, 307 E 33rd Street, New York, NY.

Introduction: Ongoing combat operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and other theaters have led to an increase in high energy craniomaxillofacial (CMF) wounds. These challenging injuries are typically associated with complex tissue deficiencies, evolving areas of necrosis, and bony comminution with bone and ballistic fragment sequestrum. Restoring form and function in these combat-sustained CMF injuries is challenging, and frequently requires local and distant tissue transfers. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Nov 5;131:321-327. Epub 2019 Jul 5.

The Neurosurgical Atlas, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Electronic address:

Deep-seated cerebral lesions have fascinated and frustrated countless surgical innovators since the dawn of the microneurosurgical era. To determine the optimal approach, the microneurosurgeon must take into account the characteristics and location of the pathological lesion as well as the operator's range of technical expertise. Increasingly, microneurosurgeons must select between multiple operative corridors that can provide access to the surgical target. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2019 09;83(3):326-333

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck Hospital of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.

Background: Modern approaches to erectile dysfunction (ED) often entail the use of multimodal medical therapy and surgery; however, with recent advances in microsurgery, new options may exist for patients suffering from ED. This comprehensive review of the literature serves to reevaluate anatomical and physiological principles that mediate erection to improve understanding for reconstructive surgeons hoping to offer new interventions.

Methods: A search strategy for this review was agreed upon by all authors. Read More

Spine J 2019 11 21;19(11):1832-1839. Epub 2019 Jun 21.

University Orthopaedics, Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery Cluster (UOHC), National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.

Background Context: Imaging for adult spinal deformity is conventionally performed in a directed manner to assess the most upright standing posture one can assume. However, this method does not reflect an individual's natural, relaxed posture, which is the posture a patient likely reverts to postoperatively, and also the posture likely to explain spinal pathologies.

Purpose: To identify radiographic differences between directed and natural, relaxed standing postures in young healthy subjects. Read More

J Indian Soc Periodontol 2019 May-Jun;23(3):284-289

Department of Periodontology, Army Dental Centre (Research and Referral), New Delhi, India.

Marginal tissue recession (MTR) by definition is an apical shift of gingival margin, which leads to exposure of root surface. Patients affected with MTR often complain of sensitivity to cold on exposed root surfaces apart from esthetic concerns. In this article, a case of multiple Miller's class I MTR who presented with sensitivity to cold in relation to maxillary anterior teeth region was treated using Zucchelli's coronally advanced flap with pericardium membrane under operating microscope. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Aug 17;128:e1048-e1086. Epub 2019 May 17.

Department of Neurosurgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:

Background: Approaching the thalamus from any angle remains a challenge because of its deep-seated location and intimate relations with adjacent important neurovascular structures and functions such as relaying sensory and motor signals and cognition. Our aim was to explore the relationship of the white matter tracts of the cerebrum to the thalamus using a fiber dissection technique, to delineate anatomic principles of approaches to the thalamus, and to discuss the tracts at risk in relation to each approach.

Methods: The thalamus was subdivided into 6 different regions and 13 approaches were examined in an attempt to describe a surgical road map. Read More

Clin Plast Surg 2019 Jul;46(3):393-406

Department of Hand & Reconstructive Microsurgery, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119 228, Singapore.

Soft tissue defects of the hand commonly arise as a consequence of trauma or infection and after resection of tumors. Restoring a thin and pliable soft tissue envelope is critical to restoring mobility and optimizing functional outcomes. The appearance, color, and texture match as well as donor site issues are increasingly important aspects of hand reconstruction. Read More

Clin Plast Surg 2019 Jul 12;46(3):351-357. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, National University Hospital, Level 11, NUHS Tower block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore. Electronic address:

Mutilating injuries include a wide and heterogeneous spectrum of clinical presentations, each being unique in terms of pattern of tissue damage, patient characteristics, and functional requirements. Understanding the principles of reconstruction of bone and soft tissues, a wide repertoire of surgical techniques, and the ability to plan the reconstructive journey leading to a functional hand are crucial. Management of these injuries involves several on-the-spot decisions by the surgeon. Read More

J Reconstr Microsurg 2019 Oct 1;35(8):557-567. Epub 2019 May 1.

Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine; Northwell Health System, Manhasset, New York, United States.

Background:  Despite widespread acceptance of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols in other surgical specialties, plastic surgery has been slow to adopt fast-track principles. Recently, however, studies have shown that patients undergoing microsurgical breast reconstruction may benefit from a comprehensive postoperative protocol.

Methods:  All microsurgical breast reconstructions with abdominal free flaps performed by the senior author (A. Read More

Hand Clin 2019 05;35(2):207-219

Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, 2130 Taubman Center, SPC 5340, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5340, USA.

The variability in reported outcomes and outcome measures used in digit replantation makes it difficult to compare results among studies. This article reviews the principles of measuring functional and patient-reported outcomes after replantation, and describes the recommended instruments to use and ways to report results. Read More

Hand Clin 2019 05;35(2):143-154

Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, 12631 East 17th Avenue, C309 (Room 6414), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, 12631 East 17th Avenue, C309 (Room 6414), Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Electronic address:

Level of injury plays a significant role in decisions to perform replantation, with improved function, nerve regeneration, and decreased rate of reperfusion injury for injuries at the distal forearm or wrist compared with proximal injuries. The principles of a functional and sensate outcome dictate replantable parts, whereas patient comorbidity, expectations, and safety dictate patient candidacy. Vascular grafts are an expected part of the operation, and the contralateral arm or a lower extremity should be prepped into the surgical field. Read More

Urologia 2019 Feb 28;86(1):23-26. Epub 2018 Mar 28.

2 Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Objective:: Varicocele is the most commonly curable cause of infertility in men. Varicocele is found in 15% of the total male population, 35% of men with primary infertility, and 75%-81% of men with secondary infertility. Generally, patients seek microscopic surgery via surfing the Internet, which is not an available option in all medical centers. Read More

Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2019 Nov;17(5):E206-E207

Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

The literature has long attempted distinct classifications of arteriovenous fistulae and arteriovenous malformations of the spine.1-3 It is worth noting that lesions can become more complex during recurrence and may not adhere to traditional definitions. In these cases, recognizing the principles of pathology and pathophysiology can guide management and treatment. Read More

Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2018 Sep;31(3):233-237

Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.

Despite the wide and growing use of microsurgery, its application in primary burn reconstruction is not very frequent as it faces a number of additional challenges in this setting. A retrospective analysis of the clinical records of all patients submitted to microvascular free tissue transfer for primary burn reconstruction over an 8-year period (from January 2009 to December 2016) was performed. An evaluation of the indications, timing, principles of flap selection, complications and outcomes of free tissue transfer in primary burn reconstruction was made. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 05;143(5):1498-1512

Tel Aviv, Israel; and Dallas, Texas From the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University; and the Departments of Otolaryngology, Neurosurgery, and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.

The field of facial paralysis requires the reconstructive surgeon to apply a wide spectrum of reconstructive and aesthetic principles, using a comprehensive array of surgical tools, including microsurgery, peripheral nerve surgery, and aesthetic facial surgery on the road to optimize patient outcomes. The distinct deficits created by different anatomical levels of facial nerve injury require a fundamental understanding of facial nerve anatomy. Palsy duration, followed by location and mechanism, will determine mimetic muscle salvageability, by means of either direct repair, grafting, or nerve transfers, whereas longer palsy durations will necessitate introducing a new neuromuscular unit, whether by muscle transfer or free functional muscle transplant. Read More

Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2019 Apr 12;36(2):323-337. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Plastic Reconstructive and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, South Pavilion, 1st Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Soft tissue defects and wound healing complications related to calcaneus fractures may result in significant morbidity. The management of these soft tissue complications requires following reconstructive principles that provide the requisites for preservation of the injured limb and the maximization of function. Soft tissue complications are addressed with methods that commensurate with the degree of injury, ranging from local wound care to free flap reconstruction. Read More

Turk Neurosurg 2019 ;29(4):615-619

National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Department of Neurosurgery, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

In side to side anastomosis and end to end (one way up) microvascular anastomosis, the back wall of the vessel is sutured first with inverted/buried knots. A common mistake made by surgeons during this step is the formation of a granny knot. In inverted suturing, cut ends of granny knot points inside the vessel lumen and interfere with the suture line. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Nov 11;120(5):474-475. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta, Spain.

Successful head and neck reconstructive microsurgery requires a multidisciplinary approach involving specialists such as maxillofacial surgeons, plastic surgeons, otolaryngologists, anaesthesiologists, and nurses. It requires strict perioperative management of the patient, with special attention paid to parameters such as blood pressure, ventilation, and bleeding, which can all impact flap perfusion. In high-volume centers, specially-trained microsurgery units are available for optimal control of flap monitoring and management of all aspects of patient care. Read More

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2019 Feb 8;29(2):271-278. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

Sarcomas are rare mesenchymal bone and soft tissue tumors of the musculoskeletal system. In the past, the primary treatment modality was amputation of the involved limb and the 5-year survival was very low for high-grade tumors. During the last three decades, limb salvage has become the rule rather than the exception and the use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies (radiation and chemotherapy) has dramatically increased disease-free survival. Read More

Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2018 Dec;34(12):844-846

Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Burn Center of PLA, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.

This article briefly introduces the development history of Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery in Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University (the former the Fourth Military Medical University) since its establishment more than 60 years ago. The medical staff of the department have been adhering to the treatment concept of the older generation of experts and professors, applying the principles and methods of plastic surgery to the treatment of deep burn wounds. Furthermore, the new techniques in the field of flap surgery, microsurgery, and minimally invasive surgery are applied to repair various complex wounds after burn/trauma and severe scar deformities. Read More

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2019 Feb 27;29(2):263-269. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.

The injuries of the peripheral nerves are relatively frequent. Some of them may lead to defects which cannot be repaired with direct end-to-end repair without tension. These injuries may cause function loss to the patient, and they consist a challenge for the treating microsurgeon. Read More

J Reconstr Microsurg 2019 May 16;35(4):263-269. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany.

Background:  Vascular occlusion after free flap surgery has become a rare complication but still poses a major challenge. It necessitates urgent re-exploration, but the logistic challenge to provide sufficient resources for the emergency intervention remains. The aim of this study was to analyze the long-term outcome after successful lower extremity free flap salvage. Read More

J Surg Oncol 2018 Oct 27;118(5):832-839. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Supermicrosurgery is defined as microsurgery in less than 0.8 mm vessels. It is an evolved form of microsurgery but with the same principle: (1) enhanced working environment including microscopes and finer instruments; (2) detailed preoperative evaluation and planning; (3) supermicrosurgical technique; and (4) postoperative care. Read More

Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2019 Apr;16(4):E114

Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Children with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are at cumulative, life-long risk of debilitating and fatal intracranial hemorrhage, especially with syndromes such as hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Cerebral angiography is the gold standard for diagnosis and allows simultaneous adjunctive embolization limiting radiation and contrast exposure and intraoperative blood loss, important in pediatric patients with low blood volume. Microsurgical resection of low-grade AVMs offers cure with minimal morbidity. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Aug 17;116:133-135. Epub 2018 May 17.

Department of Neurological Surgery, The Neurological Institute, University Hospital Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

In anterosuperior-projecting anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms, the aneurysm dome usually adheres to 1 or both proximal A2 segments, which may present technical difficulties. This video demonstrates microsurgical clipping of a ruptured anterosuperior-projecting ACoA aneurysm. A 52-year-old male presented with a Hunt-Hess grade II subarachnoid hemorrhage. Read More

Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 2017 Aug;23(8):680-686

Department of Urology,Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Region, Guangzhou,Guangdong 510010,China.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of establishing a model of allograft penile transplantation in adult beagle dogs and explore the conditions for constructing a stable animal model of penis transplant.

Methods: Following the principles of similarity, repeatability, feasibility, applicability, and controllability in the construction of experimental animal models, we compared the major anatomic features of the penis of 20 adult beagle dogs with those of 10 adult men. Using microsurgical techniques, we performed cross-transplantation of the penis in the 20 (10 pairs) beagle dogs and observed the survival rate of the transplanted penises by FK506+MMF+MP immune induction. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Jul 17;115:e305-e311. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Animal models are commonly used in training protocols for microsurgical vascular anastomosis. Rat common carotid arteries (CCAs) are frequently used for this purpose. Much attention has been paid to the technical details of various anastomosis configurations using these arteries. Read More

Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 2018 04 19;50(2):142-148. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education Department of Plastic Surgery.

Replantation of a totally avulsed scalp is a demanding microsurgical procedure with no good alternatives. Here, we present a case of successful scalp replantation after 11 hours of cold ischemia in a 24-year-old woman. The steps of the procedure, the outcomes, and a review of the literature are presented. Read More

Dermatol Surg 2018 06;44(6):778-784

Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.

Background: Studies show that patients recall less than half of the information given by their physicians. Use of video in medicine increases patient comprehension and satisfaction and decreases anxiety. However, studies have not elaborated on video content. Read More

BMJ Open 2018 03 28;8(3):e019054. Epub 2018 Mar 28.

Department of Hand and Microsurgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.

Introduction: Dupuytren's contracture (DC) is a chronic fibroproliferative disorder of the palmar fascia which leads to flexion contracture in one or more fingers. There is no definitive cure for DC, and treatment aims at relieving symptoms by releasing the contracture using percutaneous or operative techniques.

Methods And Analysis: We planned a prospective, randomised, controlled, outcome assessor-blinded, three-armed parallel 1:1:1, multicentre trial comparing the effectiveness and cost of (1) collagenase clostridium histolyticum injection followed by limited fasciectomy in non-responsive cases, (2) percutaneous needle fasciotomy followed by limited fasciectomy in non-responsive cases and (3) primary limited fasciectomy during short-term and long-term follow-up for Tubiana I-III stages DC. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Jul 21;115:e33-e44. Epub 2018 Mar 21.

Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. Electronic address:

Background: Endoscopic endonasal clipping of intracranial aneurysms may use microsurgical techniques as an alternative to the transcranial approach. Here we report a series of patients who underwent microsurgical clipping of anterior circulation aneurysms via an endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA).

Methods: This retrospective chart review included all the patients who underwent standard binostril EEA for aneurysm clipping. Read More

J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018 Jan-Feb;22(1):5-11

Department of Prosthodontics, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India.

The use of magnification to perform various procedures in medical and dental field, particularly endodontics has long been recognized. Unfortunately, its application in periodontics is not widely popularized. The objective of this article is to emphasize the application of microsurgical principles in various periodontal surgical procedures and to reinforce the incorporation of microscope into periodontal practice. Read More

J Reconstr Microsurg 2018 May 2;34(4):277-292. Epub 2018 Feb 2.

Division of Plastic Surgery, Albany Medical Centre, Albany, New York.

Background:  In 1986, Marko Godina published his seminal work regarding the timing of free-flap reconstruction for traumatic extremity defects. Early reconstruction, compared with delayed and late reconstruction resulted in significant decreases in free-flap failure rate, post-operative infections, hospitalization time, bone healing time, and number of additional anesthesias. The objective of this manuscript was to evaluate whether these principles continue to apply. Read More