Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Eur J Radiol 2018 Nov 10;108:43-51. Epub 2018 Sep 10.

Developmental Imaging and Biophysics Section, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Post-operative paediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome (pCMS) occurs in around 25% of children undergoing surgery for cerebellar and fourth ventricular tumours. Reversible mutism is the hallmark of a syndrome which comprises severe motor, cognitive and linguistic deficits. Recent evidence from advanced neuroimaging studies has led to the current theoretical understanding of the condition as a form of diaschisis contingent on damage to efferent cerebellar circuitry. Read More

Neuroradiol J 2018 Dec 19;31(6):554-564. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.

Purpose: We applied voxelwise apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis in addition to structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and patients' age for differentiation of intraaxial posterior fossa tumors involving the fourth ventricle.

Participants And Methods: Pretreatment MRIs of 74 patients with intraaxial brain neoplasm involving the fourth ventricle, from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2015, were reviewed. The tumor solid components were segmented and voxelwise ADC histogram variables were determined. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Nov 23;119:331-334. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.

Background: Intracranial peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) are rare lesions, accounting for only 1% of all pPNETs, and usually arise from bone and soft tissue. These tumors primarily affect young patients (<30 years old) and rarely affect older patients. The common intracranial locations of these lesions are frontal dura and tentorium. Read More

J Neurooncol 2018 Nov 20;140(2):269-279. Epub 2018 Aug 20.

Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Suite C5086, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.

Purpose: Medulloblastoma, the most common primary pediatric malignant brain tumor, originates in the posterior fossa of the brain. Pineoblastoma, which originates within the pineal gland, is a rarer malignancy that also presents in the pediatric population. Medulloblastoma and pineoblastoma exhibit overlapping clinical features and have similar histopathological characteristics. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Aug 13;24:5635-5644. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) results in cognitive impairment. The calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha-1 C CACNA1C gene encodes an alpha-1 C subunit of L-type calcium channel (LTCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of micro-RNA-137 (miR-137) and the CACNA1C gene in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 (APP/PS1) double-transgenic AD mice and in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Read More

Clin Imaging 2018 Nov - Dec;52:172-176. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation.

Congenital medulloblastoma is extremely rare. MRI appearance of this tumor in the fetal brain has not been described. A case of congenital medulloblastoma initially observed by antenatal MRI with postnatal follow-up and treatment is presented. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2018 08 4;48(9):1324-1336. Epub 2018 Aug 4.

Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

Most pediatric malignancies require some form of cross-sectional imaging, either for staging or response assessment. The majority of these are solid tumors and this review addresses the role of MRI, as well as other cross-sectional and functional imaging techniques, for evaluating the most common pediatric solid tumors. The primary emphasis is on neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma and Wilms tumor, three of the most common non-central-nervous-system (CNS) pediatric solid tumors encountered in young children. Read More

Genome Biol 2018 07 24;19(1):96. Epub 2018 Jul 24.

Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are typically expressed at low levels and are inherently highly variable. This is a fundamental challenge for differential expression (DE) analysis. In this study, the performance of 25 pipelines for testing DE in RNA-seq data is comprehensively evaluated, with a particular focus on lncRNAs and low-abundance mRNAs. Read More

Nat Methods 2018 Aug 23;15(8):631-639. Epub 2018 Jul 23.

Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna, Austria.

Brain tumors are among the most lethal and devastating cancers. Their study is limited by genetic heterogeneity and the incompleteness of available laboratory models. Three-dimensional organoid culture models offer innovative possibilities for the modeling of human disease. Read More

Neuroradiology 2018 Sep 20;60(9):913-919. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Derech Sheba 2, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the value of the susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) sequence compared to gradient echo (GRE) in the detection and follow-up of cavernous malformations in patients who underwent whole-brain irradiation as part of their medulloblastoma treatment.

Methods: We retrospectively examined MRI studies of 28 subjects (16 males, 12 females) who received whole-brain irradiation as part of their treatment. Ages at irradiation ranged from 2 to 38 years. Read More

Nat Commun 2018 07 20;9(1):2868. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA.

Pineoblastoma is a rare and highly aggressive brain cancer of childhood, histologically belonging to the spectrum of primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Patients with germline mutations in DICER1, a ribonuclease involved in microRNA processing, have increased risk of pineoblastoma, but genetic drivers of sporadic pineoblastoma remain unknown. Here, we analyzed pediatric and adult pineoblastoma samples (n = 23) using a combination of genome-wide DNA methylation profiling and whole-exome sequencing or whole-genome sequencing. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Jul;97(28):e11527

Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University.

Rationale: Primary intracranial immature teratoma accounts for majority of congenital central nervous system germ-cell tumors, but it is extremely rare in patients older than 15 years.

Patient Concerns: A 27-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for headache, nasal congestion, and decreased olfactory sensation. Imaging showed a mass measuring approximately 5 cm × 4 cm in the right frontal lobe, which also filled the right nasal cavity. Read More

Curr Oncol Rep 2018 Jul 11;20(9):69. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G1X8, Canada.

Purpose Of Review: Malignant embryonal brain tumors (EBTs) of childhood span a wide clinical spectrum but can share remarkably similar morphologic features. This overlap presents significant diagnostic challenges, particularly for tumor entities that are rarely encountered in clinical practice and for which diagnostic criteria were poorly defined. This review will provide an update on the evolving characterization and treatment of rare EBTs. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Oct 7;118:42-46. Epub 2018 Jul 7.

Department of Neurosurgery, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.

Background: Medulloblastomas are common childhood central nervous system tumors that are prone to leptomeningeal spread. Intramedullary dissemination is rare with very few case reports existing in the available literature.

Case Description: The authors here present a case of a 14-year-old boy with Li-Fraumeni syndrome and medulloblastoma who underwent surgical resection of spinal intramedullary spread. Read More

PLoS One 2018 10;13(7):e0198596. Epub 2018 Jul 10.

Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.

Background: Cytotoxic neural stem cells (NSCs) have emerged as a promising treatment for Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant primary pediatric brain tumor. The lack of accurate pre-clinical models incorporating surgical resection and tumor recurrence limits advancement in post-surgical MB treatments. Using cell lines from two of the 5 distinct MB molecular sub-groups, in this study, we developed an image-guided mouse model of MB surgical resection and investigate intra-cavity NSC therapy for post-operative MB. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018 Sep 22;62:54-59. Epub 2018 Jun 22.

School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Particulate air pollution is recognized as a potential risk factor for neurological disorders; however, the underlying mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases that occur due to particulate air pollution remain unclear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the neurotoxic effects caused by diesel exhaust particles (DEPs). We determined the ability of DEPs and carbon black (CB) to induce neurotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation, and to disrupt the expression of tau and autophagy proteins in human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells. Read More

Semin Pediatr Neurol 2018 07 1;26:124-127. Epub 2017 Apr 1.

Department of Neurology, Boston Children׳s Hospital, Boston, MA. Electronic address:

A 15-year-old girl with history of medulloblastoma was evaluated for headache and neurologic deficits 5 years after completion of initial radiation therapy and 3 years following completion of reirradiation. Neurologic examination was notable for new-onset left hemianopia, hemiparesis, and neglect. Magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive areas of cortical T2 prolongation and thickening involving the right parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes with associated extensive gyral enhancement. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2018 Jun 24. Epub 2018 Jun 24.

Department of Neurosurgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, WC1N 3JH, UK.

Purpose: Children with disseminated central nervous system (CNS) tumors have worse outcomes than those with solitary disease, but outcomes of disease dissemination at initial presentation have not been systematically studied and compared across tumor groups to date. We evaluated the impact of tumor dissemination at presentation on management and clinical outcomes in a cohort of consecutively treated children in a single neurosurgical unit over a 14-year period.

Methods: Method used was a retrospective review of data on children presenting to Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK, with medulloblastoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor, pilocytic astrocytoma, and ependymoma between 2003 and 2016 inclusive. Read More

Seizure 2018 Aug 18;60:94-95. Epub 2018 Jun 18.

Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy; Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Via Melacrino, Reggio Calabria, Italy; Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy. Electronic address:

Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) is a late-onset complication of cerebral irradiation, clinically characterized by headache, seizures and focal deficits. We describe two patients with SMART presenting with focal status epilepticus and headache. We believe that SMART is a misnomer that misjudge seizures among clinical features and we suggest to rename this entity as " Seizure with Migraine-like Attacks after Radiation Therapy". Read More

Dis Model Mech 2018 06 15;11(6). Epub 2018 Jun 15.

Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA

In this study, we used comparative genomics and developmental genetics to identify epigenetic regulators driving oncogenesis in a zebrafish () somatic-targeting model of RB1 mutant embryonal brain tumors. Zebrafish brain tumors caused by TALEN or CRISPR targeting are histologically similar to human central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumors (CNS-PNETs). Like the human oligoneural CNS-PNET subtype, zebrafish tumors show elevated expression of neural progenitor transcription factors , , and the receptor tyrosine kinase oncogene. Read More

Handb Clin Neurol 2018 ;155:289-299

Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:

The cerebellum is the most common site of presentation of central nervous system tumors in children but exceedingly rare in adults. Children often present with acute symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure, requiring urgent surgical intervention. The differential diagnosis is broad and includes a variety of benign and malignant entities. Read More

Handb Clin Neurol 2018 ;155:273-288

Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States.

Cerebellar mutism most commonly, but not exclusively, develops in children after surgery for midline cerebellar or intraventricular tumors in the posterior fossa, typically medulloblastoma. Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) comprises a complex set of neurologic and neurocognitive signs and symptoms, the cardinal and central component of which is an initially profound but usually reversible speech disorder. As such, CMS is currently recognized as an extreme form of the so-called cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (Schmahmann syndrome). Read More

J Neurooncol 2018 Sep 5;139(3):713-720. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Introduction: Medulloblastoma is an aggressive but potentially curable central nervous system tumor that remains a treatment challenge. Analysis of therapeutic targets can provide opportunities for the selection of agents.

Methods: Using multiplatform analysis, 36 medulloblastomas were extensively profiled from 2009 to 2015. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2018 Aug 26;54:125-128. Epub 2018 May 26.

Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.

The 2007 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS) categorized embryonal tumors of the CNS into three classes: medulloblastoma, CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumor, and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor. Due to the lack of specific histological features, it was sometimes difficult to accurately differentiate CNS embryonal tumors pathologically. Here, we report a case of a young man, who presented with headache. Read More

Neurotox Res 2018 Oct 26;34(3):757-762. Epub 2018 May 26.

Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.

Ethanol (EtOH) is one of the most frequently abused drugs with heavy health, economic, and societal burdens. Although moderate to low EtOH may have some neuroprotective effects, heavy EtOH consumption associated with high blood alcohol level (BAL) can be quite detrimental. The brain is particularly vulnerable to the damaging effects of high BAL, leading to neuronal loss, cognitive, and behavioral deficits. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2018 14;6:2050313X18775298. Epub 2018 May 14.

Department of Neurology, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA.

Central nervous system atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors are very rare aggressive tumor of childhood, primarily occurring at age of less than 3 years old. The prognosis of these tumors is very poor, with a reported median survival of 6-12 months in most cases. Treatment typically consists of aggressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 May;97(20):e10751

Department of Neurosurgery.

Rationale: Intracranial medulloepitheliomas are extremely rare and highly malignant. Intraventricular medulloepitheliomas are even rarely reported, and little is known about the clinical features.

Patient Concerns: In this article, we report two cases of intracranial medulloepitheliomas. Read More

Development 2018 05 14;145(10). Epub 2018 May 14.

Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK

The development of the nervous system relies on the coordinated regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. The discovery that brain tumours contain a subpopulation of cells with stem/progenitor characteristics that are capable of sustaining tumour growth has emphasized the importance of understanding the cellular dynamics and the molecular pathways regulating neural stem cell behaviour. By focusing on recent work on glioma and medulloblastoma, we review how lineage tracing contributed to dissecting the embryonic origin of brain tumours and how lineage-specific mechanisms that regulate stem cell behaviour in the embryo may be subverted in cancer to achieve uncontrolled proliferation and suppression of differentiation. Read More

Histopathology 2018 Sep 4;73(3):483-491. Epub 2018 Jul 4.

Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Aims: The PHOX2B gene regulates neuronal maturation in the brain stem nuclei associated with cardiorespiratory function and in the autonomic sympathetic and enteric nervous system. PHOX2B expression is a reliable immunomarker for peripheral neuroblastic tumours; however, no systematic evaluation of central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumours was included in the studies. We encountered two cases in which the differential diagnosis included neuroblastoma and CNS embryonal tumour, and we hypothesised that PHOX2B immunostain would be helpful in establishing the diagnosis. Read More

Neuropeptides 2018 Jun 17;69:84-91. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. Electronic address:

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are two related peptides acting as neurotransmitters/neuromodulators in central and peripheral nervous system. They are also involved in cancer showing a controversial role. Particulary, they are implicated in neuroblastoma differentiation (NB). Read More

J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018 Jul 17;156:97-103. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States. Electronic address:

LC MS/MS methods to measure prexasertib in mouse plasma and Ringer's solution containing 0.5% BSA (Ringer's/BSA) were developed and validated. Liquid-liquid extraction with tert-butyl methyl ether was used to extract prexasertib from mouse plasma and Ringer's/BSA. Read More

EMBO J 2018 05 16;37(10). Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK

Many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are expressed during central nervous system (CNS) development, yet their roles and mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. , a CNS-expressed lncRNA, controls neuroblastoma cell growth by binding and modulating the activity of transcriptional regulatory elements in a genome-wide manner. We show here that the lncRNA directly binds KAP1, an essential epigenetic regulatory protein, and thereby regulates the expression of shared target genes important for proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Read More

Neurol Sci 2018 Jul 10;39(7):1175-1183. Epub 2018 Apr 10.

Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, No. 7019, Yitian Road, Shenzhen, 518038, China.

To explore the relationship between NF2 promoter gene mutation and the risk of medulloblastomas (MBs). We collected tissues from 16 MB patients and 7 age-matched non-MB controls. Gene sequencing, qPCR (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction), IHC (immunohistochemistry), and WB (Western blot) were used to analyze the changes in the NF2 gene sequence and expression between patients and controls. Read More

J Neurooncol 2018 Aug 26;139(1):33-42. Epub 2018 Mar 26.

Department of Paediatrics, University of São Paulo, 3900, Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.

Introduction: Medulloblastoma (MB) is an embryonal tumour that originates from genetic deregulation of cerebellar developmental pathways and is classified into 4 molecular subgroups: SHH, WNT, group 3, and group 4. Hydroxymethylation levels progressively increases during cerebellum development suggesting a possibility of deregulation in MB pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate global hydroxymethylation levels and changes in TET and IDH gene expression in MB samples compared to control cerebellum samples. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Mar;97(12):e0090

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital.

Rationale: Ganglioneuroblastoma is usually located in the adrenal gland, retroperitoneal ganglia, or posterior mediastinum, but rarely occurs in the parapharyngeal space.

Patient Concerns: A 4-year-old girl presented with complaint of progressive inspiratory dyspnea and dysphagia, accompanying left-side Horner's syndrome.

Diagnose: Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a giant mass with irregular low density in left oropharyngeal and posterior pharyngeal wall. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 03 12;115(13):3392-3397. Epub 2018 Mar 12.

Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065;

The main cell of origin of the Sonic hedgehog (SHH) subgroup of medulloblastoma (MB) is granule cell precursors (GCPs), a SHH-dependent transient amplifying population in the developing cerebellum. SHH-MBs can be further subdivided based on molecular and clinical parameters, as well as location because SHH-MBs occur preferentially in the lateral cerebellum (hemispheres). Our analysis of adult patient data suggests that tumors with Smoothened () mutations form more specifically in the hemispheres than those with Patched 1 () mutations. Read More

Radiographics 2018 Mar-Apr;38(2):525-541

From the Department of Neuroradiology, American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md (R.Y.S., K.K.K.); Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md (R.Y.S.); Department of Radiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.Y.S.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.K.).

Embryonal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are highly malignant undifferentiated or poorly differentiated tumors of neuroepithelial origin and have been defined as a category in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification since the first edition of the "Blue Book" in 1979. This category has evolved over time to reflect our ever-improving understanding of tumor biology and behavior. With the most recent update in 2016, many previous histologic diagnoses incorporate molecular parameters for the first time (genetically defined entities). Read More

Handb Clin Neurol 2018 ;148:785-797

Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States. Electronic address:

Classically, brain cancers have been graded and diagnosed based on histology and risk stratified by clinical criteria. Recent advances in genomics and epigenomics have ushered in an era of defining cancers based on molecular criteria. These advances have increased our precision of identifying oncogenic driving events and, most importantly, increased our precision at predicting clinical outcome. Read More

Auris Nasus Larynx 2018 Oct 21;45(5):1107-1112. Epub 2018 Feb 21.

Clinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Translational Surgery and Medicine, University of Florence, Italy.

Olfactory neuroblastoma is a rare malignant tumor of neuroectodermal origin and represents the most common cancer of the nasal cavity in pediatric age. The gold standard of treatment consists of en bloc resection, numerous studies have shown as the endoscopic approaches permit good control of the disease improving the quality of life after the treatment. Herein we describe the case of a 13-year-old patient referred to our outpatient clinic with a polypoid multi-lobed lesion occupying the left nasal cavity and imaging that confirmed a left-sided nasal mass without cribriform plate involvement (Kadish B). Read More

EMBO J 2018 04 22;37(7). Epub 2018 Feb 22.

Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA

The transition between soluble intrinsically disordered tau protein and aggregated tau in neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease is unknown. Here, we propose that soluble tau species can undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) under cellular conditions and that phase-separated tau droplets can serve as an intermediate toward tau aggregate formation. We demonstrate that phosphorylated or mutant aggregation prone recombinant tau undergoes LLPS, as does high molecular weight soluble phospho-tau isolated from human Alzheimer brain. Read More

Acta Otolaryngol 2018 Aug 22;138(8):750-758. Epub 2018 Feb 22.

a Miyakojima IGRT Clinic , Miyakojimahondori, Miyakojima-ku , Osaka , Japan.

Purpose: To analyze the outcomes following re-irradiation for local recurrence of rare head and neck tumors.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 11 patients who had received intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for recurrent tumors in the head and neck except for laryngopharynx.

Results: Primary tumor sites included the maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, and external ear canal in six, three, and two patients, respectively. Read More