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J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2022 Jan-Dec;27:10742484221101980

46807Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy.

Medical therapy for secondary prevention is known to be under-used in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Few data are available on the subgroup with critical limb ischemia (CLI). Prescription of cardiovascular preventive therapies was recorded at discharge in a large, prospective cohort of patients admitted for treatment of CLI and foot lesions, stratified for coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnosis. Read More

Int Heart J 2022 May 14. Epub 2022 May 14.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences.

This study aims to explore the associations between uric acid (UA) and long-term outcomes among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). A total of 1068 consecutive patients with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on the levels of serum UA upon admission (bottom quintile, middle 3 quintiles, and top quintile). Read More

Lancet 2022 May 4;399(10338):1876-1885. Epub 2022 May 4.

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:

Background: Mediterranean and low-fat diets are effective in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. We did a long-term randomised trial to compare the effects of these two diets in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Methods: The CORDIOPREV study was a single-centre, randomised clinical trial done at the Reina Sofia University Hospital in Córdoba, Spain. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 May 4;12(5):e057856. Epub 2022 May 4.

Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Objective: This study sought whether higher risk patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) benefit more from intensive disease management.

Design: Longitudinal cohort study.

Setting: State-wide public hospitals (Queensland, Australia). Read More

Ann Palliat Med 2022 Apr 13. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China.

Background: The self-management of risk reduction in coronary heart disease (CHD) plays an important role in mediating health outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but there is a lack of research on self-management status in the long-term stage after PCI in Chinese patients with CHD. Hence, this study investigated the self-management status in the long-term stage (>2 years) after PCI in patients with CHD. The results could provide a reference for the development of targeted interventions. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2022 Apr;70(4):11-12

Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the commonest heart diseases, accounting for 5-8% global prevalence. Recent studies show a prevalence of 1.2% of CAD cases in young age group. Read More

Am J Prev Cardiol 2022 Jun 15;10:100335. Epub 2022 Mar 15.

Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) shows considerable heterogeneity both in generally healthy persons and in those with known ASCVD. The foundation of preventive cardiology begins with assessing baseline ASCVD risk using global risk scores based on standard office-based measures. Persons at low risk are generally recommended for lifestyle management only and those at highest risk are recommended for both lifestyle and pharmacologic therapy. Read More

Travel Med Infect Dis 2022 May-Jun;47:102311. Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.

Background: There are inconsistent data on the clinical benefit of the influenza vaccine on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of the influenza vaccine on cardiovascular outcomes in CAD patients.

Methods: We searched four electronic databases from inception to September 21, 2021. Read More

Pharmacol Ther 2022 Mar 15;237:108172. Epub 2022 Mar 15.

Medical Clinic IV - Grosshadern Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and its atherothrombotic complications impose a substantial disease burden in Europe, representing a cost of €210 billion per year for the European Union. Hypertriglyceridemia, a major risk factor for premature ASCVD, is present in more than 20% of the European population, and is a key feature of atherogenic dyslipidemia. Recent findings from the Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA) cohort in Spain showed that even in apparently healthy, middle-aged individuals without a history of cardiovascular (CV) risk, elevated triglyceride levels are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and arterial inflammation. Read More

Am J Clin Nutr 2022 Mar 16. Epub 2022 Mar 16.

Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.

Background: Cocoa extract is a source of flavanols that favorably influence vascular risk factors in small and short-term trials, yet effects on clinical cardiovascular events are untested.

Objectives: We examined whether cocoa extract supplementation decreases total cardiovascular disease (CVD) among older adults.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-by-two factorial trial of cocoa extract supplementation and multivitamins for prevention of CVD and cancer among 21,442 U. Read More

Atherosclerosis 2022 Apr 9;347:68-69. Epub 2022 Mar 9.

Houston Methodist Debakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address:

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 02 24;19(5). Epub 2022 Feb 24.

Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, University Hospital Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.

(1) Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the lifestyle and occurrence of psychosocial factors in patients with a high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and to explore their effect on the occurrence of the adequate therapy of an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD). (2) Methods: In this retro-prospective single-centre study, a group of patients aged 18-65 years old, who underwent the first ICD implantation for primary (PP) or secondary (SP) prevention between 2010-2014, was studied. The control group consisted of pair-matched (age ± 5 years, gender) respondents without a high risk of SCD. Read More

J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2022 Jan-Dec;27:10742484221084772

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, 89021University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH, USA.

Purpose: Interest in improving residual cardiovascular (CV) risk by targeting multiple causative pathways has been growing. Several medications including icosapent ethyl, rivaroxaban, and ezetimibe have been shown to individually improve outcomes in the secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) beyond conventional therapy consisting of aspirin and statins. While each drug has been shown to individually improve outcomes, the expected treatment benefit of the combined use of these drugs for enhanced secondary prevention of ASCVD is not known. Read More

BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022 03 4;22(1):84. Epub 2022 Mar 4.

Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.

Background: The inflammation hypothesis of atherosclerosis has been put forward for more than 20 years. Although many animal experiments have suggested that anti-inflammatory therapy can inhibit the atherosclerotic process, the efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is still controversial. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with CAD. Read More

Int J Angiol 2022 Mar 24;31(1):16-26. Epub 2021 Dec 24.

Cardiology, University of California, Riverside, School of Medicine of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, California.

Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in both men and women, yet adequate control of risk factors can largely reduce the incidence and recurrence of cardiac events. In this review, we discuss various life style and pharmacological measures for both the primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease. With a clear understanding of management options, health care providers have an excellent opportunity to educate patients and ameliorate a significant burden of morbidity and mortality. Read More

Am Heart J 2022 Jun 24;248:97-107. Epub 2022 Feb 24.

Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Background: The traditional primary prevention paradigm for coronary artery disease (CAD) centers on population-based algorithms to classify individual risk. However, this approach often misclassifies individuals and leaves many in the 'intermediate' category, for whom there is no clear preferred prevention strategy. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) and polygenic risk scoring (PRS) are 2 contemporary tools for risk prediction to enhance the impact of effective management. Read More

Am J Prev Cardiol 2022 Mar 29;9:100319. Epub 2022 Jan 29.

Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.

Objective: Patients with risk factors for or established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remain at high risk for subsequent ischemic events despite statin therapy. Triglyceride (TG) levels may contribute to residual ASCVD risk, and the performance of global risk assessment calculators across a broad range of TG levels is unknown.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of Kaiser Permanente Northern California members aged ≥45 years with ≥1 ASCVD risk factor (primary prevention cohort) or established ASCVD (secondary prevention cohort) between 2010 and 2017 who were receiving statin therapy and had a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between 41-100 mg/dL. Read More

Atherosclerosis 2022 Apr 12;347:70-76. Epub 2022 Feb 12.

Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) burden displays a stepwise association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Among primary prevention patients, we sought to determine the CAC scores equivalent to ASCVD mortality rates observed in the FOURIER trial, a modern secondary prevention cohort.

Methods And Results: For the main analysis, we included participants from the CAC Consortium ≥50 years old with a 10-year ASCVD risk ≥7. Read More

Br J Haematol 2022 May 21;197(4):397-406. Epub 2022 Feb 21.

Sheffield Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.

The development of effective and safe treatments has significantly increased the life expectancy of persons with haemophilia (PWH). This has been accompanied by an increase in the comorbidities of ageing including cardiovascular disease, which poses particular challenges due to the opposing risks of bleeding from haemophilia and antithrombotic treatments versus thrombosis. Although mortality secondary to coronary artery disease in PWH is less than in the general population, the rate of atherosclerosis appears similar. Read More

J Cardiovasc Nurs 2022 Feb 14. Epub 2022 Feb 14.

Erica Davis, RN, BSN, MS PhD Candidate-Nursing, Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia. Melinda K. Higgins, PhD Research Professor, Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia. Kathryn A. Wood, RN, PhD, FAAN, FAHA Associate Professor Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia. Jeannie Cimiotti, PhD, RN, FAAN Associate Professor, Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia. Rebecca A. Gary, RN, PhD, FAHA, FAAN Professor, Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia. Sandra B. Dunbar, RN, PhD, FAAN, FAHA, FPCNA Charles Howard Candler Professor, Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is increasing in young adults, and greater understanding of their cardiac risk factors is essential to ensure effective prevention. Given the sex differences in CAD observed in older adults, understanding sex differences in risk factors for this younger group of adults is important. Having insight of cardiac risk factors and sex differences in the young adult population is essential to creating personalized strategies for prevention in nursing care and in this age group. Read More

Eur Heart J 2022 May;43(18):1715-1727

Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Aims: The 10-year risk of recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events in patients with established ASCVD can be estimated with the Secondary Manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART) risk score, and may help refine clinical management. To broaden generalizability across regions, we updated the existing tool (SMART2 risk score) and recalibrated it with regional incidence rates and assessed its performance in external populations.

Methods And Results: Individuals with coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, or abdominal aortic aneurysms were included from the Utrecht Cardiovascular Cohort-SMART cohort [n = 8355; 1706 ASCVD events during a median follow-up of 8. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 Feb 11;12(2):e053865. Epub 2022 Feb 11.

Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China

Introduction: Shivering is a common complication in the postoperative period. The incidence of shivering has been reported to range from 5% to 65% under general anaesthesia and as 33% during epidural anaesthesia. Shivering can increase perioperative risk in patients. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 Feb 10;12(2):e051072. Epub 2022 Feb 10.

Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

Objective: To explore whether prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) is not inferior to fresh frozen plasma (FFP) with regard to reducing perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Setting: Fu Wai Hospital, and Peking Union Medical College Hospital in China.

Participants: Patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting, valve replacement or valvuloplasty under CPB, between 18 and 80 years old, will be included. Read More

BJPsych Open 2022 Feb 11;8(2):e48. Epub 2022 Feb 11.

Heart Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland; Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland; Center for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland; Administrative Center, Hospital District of Southwest Finland, Finland; and Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.

Background: Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder have increased risk of coronary artery disease.

Aims: To investigate long-term outcomes of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder and coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG).

Method: Data from patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (n = 126) were retrospectively compared with propensity-matched (1:20) control patients without schizophrenia spectrum disorder (n = 2520) in a multicentre study in Finland. Read More

Glob Heart 2021 27;16(1):89. Epub 2021 Dec 27.

Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, CN.

Background: Evidence on factors associated with guideline-directed secondary prevention medication (GDPM) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and its effect on the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is lacking in China.

Aims: To ascertain predictors of GDPM in real-world clinical practice and to assess the effect of GDPM on clinical outcomes.

Design: A retrospective cohort study. Read More

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2022 Feb 9. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Objectives: There are disparities in the adherence to guideline-recommended therapies after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). We therefore sought to evaluate the effect of guideline-adherent medical secondary prevention on 1-year outcome after CABG.

Methods: Data were taken from the randomized 'Ticagrelor in CABG' trial. Read More

J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2022 Feb 8. Epub 2022 Feb 8.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan (Drs Keteyian and Brawner); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs Jackson, Ritchey, and Sperling, Mr Chang, and Ms Wall); Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Brawner); Divisions of Geriatrics and Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh and the VA Pittsburgh GRECC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Forman); Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Sukul); and Center for Heart Disease Prevention, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Sperling).

Purpose: This study updates cardiac rehabilitation (CR) utilization data in a cohort of Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized for CR-eligible events in 2017, including stratification by select patient demographics and state of residence.

Methods: We identified Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries who experienced a CR-eligible event and assessed their CR participation (≥1 CR sessions in 365 d), engagement, and completion (≥36 sessions) rates through September 7, 2019. Measures were assessed overall, by beneficiary characteristics and state of residence, and by primary (myocardial infarction; coronary artery bypass surgery; heart valve repair/replacement; percutaneous coronary intervention; or heart/heart-lung transplant) and secondary (angina; heart failure) qualifying event type. Read More

Int J Cardiol 2022 Apr 31;353:96-102. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Handan of Hebei Province, Handan 056000, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

Background: In recent randomized controlled studies, the prevention of stroke and cognitive function of ticagrelor has been controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare ticagrelor with other antiplatelet treatment in patients with vascular high-risk factors disease, defined as acute coronary syndrome, stroke or transient ischemic attack, coronary artery disease or peripheral artery disease.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries for published randomized controlled trials and additional available data from ClinicalTrials. Read More

Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2022 Jan 31. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Aims: Beta blockers are associated with improved outcomes for selected patients with cardiovascular disease. We assessed long-term utilization of beta blockers after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and its association with outcome.

Methods And Results: All 35,184 patients in Sweden who underwent first-time isolated CABG between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2017 and were followed for at least 6 months were included in a nationwide observational study. Read More

High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2022 Mar 22;29(2):137-144. Epub 2022 Jan 22.

Department of Cardiology, University of Sciences and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Stains remain the first therapeutic approach in patients with dyslipidemia to control plasma lipids levels and cardiovascular risk. Multiple clinical trials have demonstrated the benefits of statins in reducing major cardiovascular adverse events in primary and secondary prevention. Moreover, in patients with coronary artery disease, statins decrease coronary atherosclerotic plaque volume and composition, inducing atheroma stabilization. Read More