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Cureus 2019 Feb 13;11(2):e4070. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA.

Spinal cord herniation (SCH) is an uncommon traumatic event that should be considered in patients with vertebral fractures who develop an unusual constellation of autonomic and motor deficits. Herein, we describe a case of rapidly deteriorating neurological function following cervical spine fracture including sequelae such as bilateral lower-extremity weakness, loss of upper extremity motor function, and priapism. Decompression of the spinal cord allowed for the identification of the unusual herniation of the spinal cord and prevention of any further worsening of the neurological injury. Read More

Int J Impot Res 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Andrology Department, University College, 47 Wimpole St, London, W1G 8PH, UK.

Ischaemic priapism (IP) is characterised by a persistent, painful penile erection lasting for >4 h. Many causes of IP have been identified including haematological dyscrasias (particularly, sickle cell disease), drugs and rarely malignancy. There are also a large proportion of men, in which no aetiology is identified. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Apr 14;12(4). Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.

Priapism is a relatively uncommon clinical presentation. The well-recognised causes are sickle cell anaemia and the use of medications, such as vasoactive erectile agents. Infrequently, it could be the result of lumbar spinal stenosis. Read More

Sex Med Rev 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

The Ohio State University Department of Urology, Columbus, Oho, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: Non-ischemic or high-flow priapism is derived from unregulated arterial inflow within the penis, which is significantly less common and, therefore, less well characterized than ischemic or low-flow priapism.

Aim: We collected the most recent available data and summarized the findings.

Methods: All literature related to non-ischemic priapism from 2000-2018 from several databases was reviewed, and 105 articles, including any relevant referenced articles, were ultimately included. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2019 Apr 6;2019(4):rjz108. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.

A cavernosal abscess is a rare condition. It can be idiopathic or with an underlying cause such as intracavernosal injection therapy, foreign bodies, perineal abscesses extension, priapism or trauma. The most common presenting symptoms were penile pain and swelling. Read More

J Sex Med 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX. Electronic address:

Background: Urethral injury during inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) or artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) placement is rare, and traditionally most prosthetic surgeons abort prosthetic implantation when urethral repair is necessary.

Aim: To report our experience with synchronous urethroplasty (SU) as a planned or damage control surgery during urologic prosthetic surgery, to evaluate the safety and outcomes of the procedure.

Methods: A retrospective review of our IPP and AUS database was completed to identify patients who underwent an SU between 2007 and 2018. Read More

Minerva Urol Nefrol 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Urology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

Introduction: Stuttering priapism is a variation of ischemic priapism, generally transient and self-limiting, occurring during sleep and lasting less than 3-4 hours. It may progress to episodes of complete ischemic priapism in approximately one third of cases, necessitating emergent intervention.

Evidence Acquisition: This review aims to provide an up-to-date picture of the pathophysiology and management of stuttering priapism. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Apr 3;12(4). Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Urology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.

Lancet Oncol 2019 Apr;20(4):e224

Clinical Oncology Centre, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Mar 31;12(3). Epub 2019 Mar 31.

Department of Urology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

We present a case of intractable acute ischaemic priapism occurring secondary to newly commenced olanzapine. It demonstrates rapid intervention in a stepwise approach aiming to restore penile flaccidity in order to prevent chronic damage to the corpora cavernosa. After an unsuccessful conservative approach, our patient underwent two formal distal penile shunt procedures with no effective penile detumescence. Read More

Hosp Pharm 2019 Apr 23;54(2):88-92. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), discuss methods of prevention, and promote reporting of ADRs to the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting, preventable ADR to MedWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers. E-mail Dr. Read More

Physiol Rep 2019 Mar;7(6):e13999

Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.

In vivo metabolic studies typically concern complex open systems. However, a closed system allows better assessment of the metabolic limits. Ischemic priapism (IP) constitutes a special model of the compartment syndrome that allows direct sampling from a relatively large blood compartment formed by the corpora cavernosa (CC). Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2019 Jan 19. Epub 2019 Jan 19.

Department of Pediatric Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan. Electronic address:

Introduction: High-flow priapism in children is a very rare condition, and there is no clear consensus on its management. High-flow priapism is associated with increased cavernosal blood flow and broadly divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of arteriocavernous fistula in the corpora cavernosa.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the appropriate management of high-flow priapism based on the existence of arteriocavernous fistula using penile color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) findings in the pediatric population. Read More

Sex Med Rev 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Andrology Department, University College London Hospital, London, UK.

Introduction: Ischemic priapism (IP) is the most common form of priapism. In cases of priapism persisting for >36 hours, conservative management usually fails, and the patients' erectile tissue will be inevitably compromised, resulting in corporal fibrosis, shortening of the penis, and refractory erectile dysfunction. In this subset of patients, early implantation of a penile prosthesis (PP) could be a solution for both the priapic episode and the erectile dysfunction. Read More

Sex Med Rev 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Urology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.

Introduction: Current management of ischemic priapism revolves around 3 principles: resolving the acute event, preserving erectile function, and reducing the risk of future recurrences. Although more conservative management options, such as aspiration, irrigation, and surgical shunts, are effective in many patients, those who are refractory to these interventions or have prolonged priapism may benefit from placement of a penile prosthesis (PP).

Aim: To provide a comprehensive overview of priapism management, highlight the current literature on the utility of penile implants for refractory priapism, and provide insight from a high-volume center on surgical decision making and technique. Read More

Fed Pract 2019 Feb;36(2):94-96

is an Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, and is a Resident, both at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Green Bay.is a Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, and Lynn Budzak is a Primary Care Staff Physician at the Milo C. Huempfner VA Clinic in Green Bay, Wisconsin.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are a common first choice medication for anxiety and depression treatment, but health care providers should be aware of priapism as a possible adverse effect. Read More

Turk J Urol 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Urology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.

Objective: Data on outcome of patients with ischemic priapism (IP) due to malignant causes are scant. In this study, we compared outcome of patients with malignant vs. non-malignant IP in adult North Indian men. Read More

MedEdPORTAL 2018 Jul 13;14:10731. Epub 2018 Jul 13.

Associate Professor, Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine.

Introduction: Ischemic priapism is a urologic emergency managed by both urologic and nonurologic providers in the community. Given ischemic priapism's rare occurrence and the time-sensitive nature of treatment, effective provider education on management of this entity is imperative. We sought to develop a low-cost effective simulation model and curriculum to enhance trainee education. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Feb 21;12(2). Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Urology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.

Melanocortin analogues, such as melanotan, are illegally used for artificial tanning. They have also been suggested as possible therapeutic agents in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. This case study presents a patient attending the accident and emergency department, in a tertiary urology centre, with acute priapism after abdominal subcutaneous injection of melanotan. Read More

Case Rep Psychiatry 2019 3;2019:4562065. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Southern Illinois University Child Psychiatry, P.O. Box 19674, Springfield, IL 62794, USA.

With increasing trend of polypharmacy, there are higher chances of drug-drug interactions leading to adverse effects, especially in psychiatric patients with co-morbid chronic medical problems. This case demonstrates a schizoaffective 30-year-old male on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) who reported an incident of priapism potentially caused by an interaction between previously prescribed atypical antipsychotic, trazodone, norepinephrine dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), HAART, and newly added selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). This case emphasizes obtaining careful medication history, understanding cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme and its subtypes, and discouraging polypharmacy. Read More

Int J Impot Res 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Penile shunting is the standard of care in management of ischemic priapism refractory (IPR) to non-surgical interventions. Due to high rates of impotence, corporal fibrosis, and loss of penile length, recent literature suggests these patients benefit from immediate penile prosthesis (PP) placement. An IRB-exempt anonymous electronic survey of the 2168 members of the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) was conducted. Read More

Eur Urol Focus 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Andrology University College London Hospital, London, UK.

In refractory cases of priapism, prolonged ischaemia is associated with smooth muscle necrosis with the development of cavernosal fibrosis. Acute prosthesis placement allows maintenance of penile length and girth and treatment of the inevitable erectile dysfunction. Read More

Transfus Clin Biol 2019 Jan 10. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Forest Block-2, Jail Road, Raipur 492001, Chhattisgarh India. Electronic address:

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is considered as a vascular disease due to its chronic vascular manifestations such as leg ulcers, priapism, acute chest syndrome (ACS), stroke, retinopathy, renal insufficiency, pulmonary hypertension, avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNF) and splenic infarction. Emerging evidence has shown that the MTHFR 677C>T variant allele is associated with vascular complications (VC) in patients with SCD; however, results from individual studies are inconclusive. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the association between the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism and the susceptibility for VC in SCD patients. Read More

J Pain Symptom Manage 2019 Feb 26;57(2):e4-e5. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Clínica de Dolor, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México.

Adv Ther 2019 Mar 25;36(3):684-690. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.

Introduction: To present 12 cases of arterial priapism treated by superselective embolization and propose our management algorithm for this condition.

Methods: Between February 2013 and May 2018, 12 cases of arterial priapism caused by blunt trauma were treated by superselective embolization. The mean age of patients was 36 years (25-47 years). Read More

J Urol 2019 04;201(4):660-661

Am J Emerg Med 2019 Apr 11;37(4):796.e3-796.e4. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Emergency Department, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.

Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a novel block where local anesthetic is deposited between the erector spinae muscle and the underlying transverse process. Safety of this technique is emphasized in the majority of reports, but with a continued increase of its use, the number of related complications and side effects is likely to expand. We report the case of a patient treated with ESPB for a complex regional pain syndrome, complicated by the development of a priapism. Read More

Med J Malaysia 2018 Dec;73(6):420-422

Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Department of Urology, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.

Priapism is a rare clinical presentation of a patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Herein, we present a young Nepalese man that presented to the emergency department with an acute and painful penile erection for two days. Clinically, he was pale and abdominal examination revealed hepatomegaly. Read More

Eur Urol Focus 2019 Jan 10. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Urology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA. Electronic address:

In patients presenting with early ischemic priapism, proceeding with the conventional paradigm is recommended. In those presenting late (>48 h), penile prosthesis placement can easily be performed 2-6 wk later, with no increase in surgical difficulty or morbidity. Immediate penile prosthesis implantation should be reserved for motivated patients who understand the increased associated risks, have evidence of corporal fibrosis on imaging, and are being treated in a center of excellence. Read More

Br Dent J 2019 Jan;226(1):27-31

Henri Mondor Hospital, Dental Department, Paris-Descartes University, Ile-de France, France.

Sickle cell disease is one of the most common autosomal recessive genetic diseases. It gives rise to abnormally shaped red blood cells with altered function, the primary clinical features being haemolytic anaemia and vascular occlusion. Acute complications are frequent and variable and include chest syndrome, stroke, infection mainly due to asplenia, bone pain and priapism. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2019 Jan;29(1):78-80

Department of Medicine, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder that usually presents with high white blood cell counts and massive splenomegaly. Priapism is a rare manifestation of CML and is mostly due to hyperleukocytosis. Its debut appearance as a sign of hematological dyscrasia is a rare event. Read More

Health Sci Rep 2018 Nov 5;1(11):e88. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

Graduate School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand.

Objective: To describe self-management recommendations for sickle cell disease (SCD) care among health professionals who manage SCD in Ghana.

Method: Nine health care professionals (nurses, doctors, and physician assistants) who work in SCD were interviewed. The semistructured interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using the qualitative content analysis method. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2018 20;5:323. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Cardiology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris and UMR_S970, Université Paris Descartes, Inserm, Paris, France.

Several studies conducted in America or Europe have described major cardiac remodeling and diastolic dysfunction in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We aimed at assessing cardiac involvement in SCD in sub-Saharan Africa where SCD is the most prevalent. In Cameroon, Mali and Senegal, SCD patients and healthy controls of the CADRE study underwent transthoracic echocardiography if aged ≥10 years. Read More

Sex Med 2019 Mar 3;7(1):111-113. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Urology, CES University, Medellin, Colombia.

Introduction: Priapism is defined as a persistent penile erection lasting longer than 4 hours and unrelated to sexual activity. It is one of the most common emergencies treated by urologists. Advances in understanding the pathophysiology of various types of priapism have led to targeted management strategies according to type of priapism. Read More

Pediatr Rev 2018 Dec;39(12):617-619

Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics.

Sex Med Rev 2019 04 28;7(2):283-292. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Urology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Priapism has been linked to many commonly prescribed medications, as well as recreational drugs and toxins. Although the incidence of priapism as a result of medication is small, the increasing use of antidepressants, antipsychotics, and recreational drugs may lead to more cases of pharmacologically-induced priapism in the future.

Aim: To provide a comprehensive, up-to-date review of the most common causes of pharmacologically induced priapism and discuss incidence, pathophysiology, and basic management strategies. Read More

Rev Int Androl 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Radiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Partial thrombosis of corpus cavernosum is an uncommon condition that needs a high level of suspicious to be diagnosed. Imaging techniques may be very useful, and MR is the state-of-the-art technique. We present a case of a young male who presented to the emergency department with perineal and painful mass. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2019 Feb 4;51(2):231-238. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey.

Purpose: This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of oxytocin on penile tissues in ischemia-reperfusion injury developed after priapism.

Methods: Forty Wistar Albino strain male rats were divided into four groups. The control group (n = 10) was not intervened. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Oct-Dec;14(6):1442-1443

Department of Hematology, SGPGI, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Urology 2019 Mar 22;125:24-28. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland, OH.

J Urol 2018 09 1;200(3):490-492. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Cir Pediatr 2018 Oct 17;31(4):200-203. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Oviedo.

Introduction: High-flow priapism is infrequent in pediatric patients. It is mostly secondary to perineal trauma resulting in laceration of a penile artery and the formation of an arterio-cavernous fistula. It does not constitute a medical emergency in itself, and allows conservative management awaiting spontaneous resolution. Read More

Arch Ital Urol Androl 2018 Sep 30;90(3):218-219. Epub 2018 Sep 30.

Department of Urology, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Trieste.

Introduction: High-flow priapism is a rare condition in children, usually due to a perineal trauma.

Materials And Methods: We present a case of traumatic highflow priapism investigated by Doppler ultrasound and managed by angiography and selective embolization of a branch of the internal pudendal artery.

Results: A 13-year-old gymnast underwent perineal trauma during training and developed a high-flow priapism. Read More

Curr Drug Saf 2019 ;14(1):21-26

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India.

Background: The signal is defined as "reported information on a possible causal relationship between an adverse event and a drug, of which the relationship is unknown or incompletely documented previously".

Objective: To detect novel adverse events of iloperidone by disproportionality analysis in FDA database of Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) using Data Mining Algorithms (DMAs).

Methodology: The US FAERS database consists of 1028 iloperidone associated Drug Event Combinations (DECs) which were reported from 2010 Q1 to 2016 Q3. Read More

Indian J Urol 2018 Oct-Dec;34(4):283-286

Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

Introduction: We aim to present a modified technique and outcomes of a novel method allowing for direct visualization of the reservoir placement during a penoscrotal inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP).

Methods: Out of165 patients who underwent IPP placement from August 2012 to March 2015, 157 underwent a modified technique and comprised the cohort of this study. A Deaver's retractor was placed lateral to the penis and over the pubic bone to allow for direct visualization of the tissues overlying the lower abdomen. Read More

Eur Urol Focus 2018 04 14;4(3):338-347. Epub 2018 Oct 14.

Division of Male Reproductive Surgery and Men's Health, Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address:

Imaging can benefit clinicians in evaluating men with infertility or sexual dysfunction by giving an overview of a patient's overall clinical condition before undertaking an invasive procedure. An understanding of the limitations and advantages of image modalities used in clinical practice will ensure that clinicians can optimize patient care with imaging when necessary. PATIENT SUMMARY: The objective of this article was to review the current literature on imaging modalities used for the diagnosis and management of male infertility and sexual dysfunction. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2018 Jun;68(6):942-944

Rehman Medical Institute.

Priapism is known as a very rare complication of leukaemia. We report a 16-years boy who presented with the persistent painful erection of the penis for eleven days. He had aspiration without achieving sustained detumescence. Read More

Rev Bras Enferm 2018 Sep-Oct;71(5):2418-2424

Universidade Federal da Bahia, School of Nursing. Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Objective: To identify self-care demands of men with sickle cell disease and priapism and describe self-care measures in light of Orem's Self-Care Theory.

Method: This is a descriptive exploratory study with qualitative approach conducted with nine men with a history of sickle cell disease and priapism. Data were analyzed using Orem's Self-Care Theory. Read More

Drug Des Devel Ther 2018 12;12:2923-2931. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary,

Purpose: Papaverine hydrochloride (PaHCl) is an old, well-known drug with spasmolytic activity but it has therapeutic effect in erectile dysfunction, too. As an intracavernous injection, it is not used in urologic clinics today because the side effects of the injection are pain, scarring or priapism. Our aim was to develop and test a topical semi-solid preparation containing PaHCl that would provide an alternative administration option by eliminating the undesirable side effects of the injection. Read More