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BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 31;14(5). Epub 2021 May 31.

Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.

Urolithiasis is the most common non-obstetric complication in pregnancy and has the potential to cause grave consequences resulting in pregnancy loss. We present two such cases. First, a 24-year-old woman, 5 weeks pregnant with a history of urolithiasis presented with right flank pain and fever. Read More

J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2021 May 10;50(9):102161. Epub 2021 May 10.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Community Studies, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address:

Objectives: Although urolithiasis is relatively common in the general population, there is limited information on this condition available in the pregnant population. The objectives of this study are to identify the incidence of urolithiasis in pregnancy, as well as to compare maternal and fetal outcomes associated with urolithiasis in pregnancy.

Methods: Using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from the United States, a population-based retrospective cohort study consisting of pregnant women who delivered between 1999 and 2015 was conducted. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021 May 9:1-6. Epub 2021 May 9.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of pregnancy on the clinical presentation, inpatient procedure rates, and length of hospital stay, on women with urolithiasis.

Materials And Methods: We carried out a matched cohort study using the United States' Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 1999 to 2015. Pregnant women with urolithiasis were compared to age-matched non-pregnant women (1:1) with urolithiasis. Read More

Cureus 2021 Mar 7;13(3):e13752. Epub 2021 Mar 7.

Department of Urology, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, TUR.

Introduction: Urolithiasis during pregnancy is an important health concern that can affect maternal and foetal health. If left untreated, it can cause obstetric complications, such as spontaneous abortion and preterm delivery. In this study, we aimed to evaluate urolithiasis and its treatment in pregnant women. Read More

Arch Esp Urol 2021 Jan;74(1):80-93

Servicio de Urología. Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. Alicante. España. Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL). Alicante. España.

Introduction: Medical Expulsive Treatment (MET) for ureteral stones has been questioned for the last few years.

Objectives: The main goal of our study is to define the indications of MET, the different drugs that are used and their effectiveness and to propose a follow-up strategy. Secondary objectives include the effectiveness of MET in some special subgroups such as pregnant women and children and to assess aspects of MET cost-effectiveness compared with other options for ureteral lithiasis treatment (ureterorenoscopy or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy). Read More

Arch Esp Urol 2021 Jan;74(1):24-34

Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España.

Imaging in urolithiasis has a wide group of techniques, with different characteristics, limitations, and indications, which together allow the management of this prevalent pathology. Plain abdominal radiography and ultrasound are very accessible and in expensive techniques that combined present an acceptable sensitivity and specificity. They are widely used for monitoring the evolution of stone disease and for evaluation after treatments (surgery or SWL). Read More

Res Vet Sci 2020 Dec 1;133:326-331. Epub 2020 Nov 1.

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 3, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

Mink urinary tract disease (MUTD) and mink fatty liver disease (MFLD) constitute two important disease entities in the mink production associated with sudden mortality and economic loss. Genetic factors or heritability of the diseases have not previously been investigated. Since mortality associated with MUTD and MFLD mainly occurs in the young immature mink, a potential genetic predisposition would rarely be passed on by the mink itself but potentially by relatives. Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2020 Nov 3;34(6):2776-2786. Epub 2020 Nov 3.

Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

Objectives: To investigate the acid-base status of sick goats using the simplified strong ion difference (sSID) approach, to establish the quantitative contribution of sSID variables to changes in blood pH and HCO and to determine whether clinical, acid-base, and biochemical variables on admission are associated with the mortality of sick goats.

Animals: One hundred forty-three sick goats.

Methods: Retrospective study. Read More

Scand J Urol 2021 Feb 25;55(1):61-66. Epub 2020 Sep 25.

Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.

Objective: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) due to ureteral catheters has been frequently seen. The risk factors of this include both timing and those of the female gender. However, the association of Acute Pyelonephritis (APN) with use of ureteral DJ stents has rarely been investigated. Read More

Int J Urol 2020 10 26;27(10):916-921. Epub 2020 Aug 26.

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.

Objective: To compare percutaneous nephrostomy tube versus JJ stent as an initial urinary drainage procedure in kidney stone patients presenting with acute kidney injury.

Methods: Between January 2017 and January 2019, 143 patients with acute kidney injury secondary to obstructive kidney stone were prospectively randomized into the percutaneous nephrostomy tube group (71 patients) and JJ stent group (72 patients) at Beni-Suef University Hospital, Beni-Suef, Egypt. Exclusion criteria included candidates for acute dialysis, fever (>38°C), pyonephrosis, pregnancy and uncontrolled coagulopathy. Read More

J Perinat Med 2020 Aug 18;49(1):54-59. Epub 2020 Aug 18.

Oregon Health & Science University, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Urology, Portland, OR, USA.

Objectives: Evaluate the association between urolithiasis during pregnancy and obstetric outcomes outside the context of urological intervention.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of singleton, non-anomalous gestations delivered at 23-42 weeks in California from 2007 to 2011. Maternal outcomes (preterm delivery [early (<32 weeks) and late (<37 weeks)], preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, cesarean deliveries, urinary tract infection [UTI] at delivery, chorioamnionitis, endomyometritis, and maternal sepsis) and newborn outcomes (seizure, respiratory distress syndrome, hypoglycemia, jaundice, and neonatal abstinence syndrome [NAS]) were compared using χ2-tests and multivariable logistic regression. Read More

J Endourol 2021 01 7;35(1):91-96. Epub 2020 Sep 7.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

To investigate risk factors associated with urinary tract infection (UTI), following ureteral stenting, for patients with renal colic during pregnancy. Patients with renal colic during pregnancy who underwent ureteral stenting in The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between 2009 and 2019 were examined retrospectively. Ureteral stenting patients who had UTIs after hospital discharge and before delivery were classified as the infected group. Read More

Can Urol Assoc J 2020 Oct;14(10):352-357

Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Urological issues in the pregnant patient present a unique clinical dilemma. These patients may be challenging to treat due to risks associated with medications and surgical procedures. This review aims to provide an update on the physiological changes and surgical risks in pregnancy. Read More

Acta Paediatr 2021 01 21;110(1):340-346. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.

Aim: To compare incidence of urolithiasis in second-generation immigrant children aged 0-17 years to children of Swedish-born parents.

Methods: A nationwide study of individuals residing in Sweden. Urolithiasis was defined as having at least one registered diagnosis of urolithiasis in the Swedish National Patient Register between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2015. Read More

J Urol 2020 07 9;204(1):180. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

J Invest Surg 2020 Mar 31:1-4. Epub 2020 Mar 31.

Division of Perinatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

To investigate the relationship of cholelithiasis and urolithiasis with (MTHFR) polymorphism(s) in patients with poor obstetric history to search whether they are risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome. This study is consisted of 94 patients with poor obstetric history. Patients were evaluated in terms of the presence of cholelithiasis and urolithiasis in association with MTHFR polymorphism(s). Read More

Am J Case Rep 2020 Mar 25;21:e920440. Epub 2020 Mar 25.

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.

BACKGROUND Urine pregnancy tests are usually performed by women at home and also by healthcare professionals. However, there are several conditions that may cause a false-positive urine pregnancy test, including trophoblast tumors, malignancy, nephrotic syndrome, adenomyosis, tubo-ovarian abscess, and paraneoplastic syndromes. A case is presented of a false-positive urine pregnancy test in a 28-year-old woman with a history of tubal ligation, who had a delayed diagnosis of obstructive pyelonephritis due to renal calculus. Read More

Clin Lab 2020 Mar;66(3)

Background: The case concerns a 30-year-old woman in the 24th week of pregnancy presenting to the medical emergency room with fever and abdominal pain. Urine sediment microscopy revealed the presence of unknown needle-shaped crystals.

Methods: Crystals identification was performed by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy coupled to Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR). Read More

Turk J Urol 2020 03 1;46(2):89-94. Epub 2020 Mar 1.

Urological Surgery Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, UK.

Objective: Management of nephrolithiasis during pregnancy can be challenging because of the potential risks to the mother and fetus. Diagnosis and treatment can be a dilemma owing to the anatomical and physiological changes, besides the limitation in the use of X-rays. The aim of this article was to identify any case series or case reports where percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was used as a treatment modality for nephrolithiasis in pregnancy. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2020 03;101(5):275-285

Naval Hospital Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is performed by a physician at the bedside and is standard practice in obstetric, emergency, and musculoskeletal medicine. When compared with formal sonography, POCUS is equivalent in screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm and as accurate in diagnosing deep venous thrombosis. POCUS has high accuracy for diagnosing pneumonia and detecting acute decompensated heart failure but is less accurate than computed tomography for identifying pulmonary embolism. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol 2020 Nov 15;40(8):1171-1173. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

Department of Radiology Kocaeli, Kocaeli University School Of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.

Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2020 Mar;29(2):201-206

Nephrology Division, NYU Langone Health, NYU School of Medicine, and New York Harbor VA Healthcare System, New York, New York, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Men have more kidney stones compared with women; however, the difference is progressively decreasing. The reasons for higher prevalence of stones in men, as well as increasing prevalence in women, is a subject of ongoing speculation. In this review, we summarize the evidence of differences between men and women and expand on the speculative causes. Read More

World J Urol 2020 Sep 25;38(9):2301-2306. Epub 2019 Nov 25.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôpital Saint-François D'Assise, 10 rue de l'Espinay, Ville de Québec, QC, G1L 3K5, Canada.

Purpose: Use of medical expulsive therapy (MET) is common practice in urology for the treatment of symptomatic urolithiasis, despite this its efficacy is debated. Its use in pregnancy is controversial. Our objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Tamsulosin as a MET in pregnant women. Read More

J Endourol 2020 02 9;34(2):215-221. Epub 2020 Jan 9.

Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, London, Canada.

To determine the incidence of kidney stones in pregnancy, the risk of adverse birth outcomes, and treatment trends. We performed a population-based matched cohort study using Ontario's health care databases. All pregnancies in Ontario from 2004 to 2014 were identified. Read More

J Urol 2020 05 18;203(5):957-961. Epub 2019 Nov 18.

Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.

Purpose: Urinary stone disease during pregnancy is poorly understood but is thought to be associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity. We determined the prevalence of urinary stone disease in pregnancy and whether it is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We identified all pregnant women from 2003 through 2017 in the Optum® national insurance claims database. Read More

Cir Cir 2019 ;87(S1):62-67

Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Ciudad de México, México.

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by an increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH) and hypercalcemia, which, when present during pregnancy, increases both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.

Objective: Emphasize the importance of surgical intervention in primary hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy.

Clinical Case: A 27-year-old female with a pregnancy of 27. Read More

Med Glas (Zenica) 2019 Aug 1;16(2). Epub 2019 Aug 1.

Clinic of Anaesthesiology, Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Aim To identify short-term effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on renal function in children and adolescents with single kidney stones. Methods In a 4-year period 30 children (15 boys and 15 girls) from 10 to 18 years of age were treated for unilateral renal stones with ESWL. Inclusion criteria were: up to 18 years of age, kidney stone (from 4 to 20 mm in diameter) visible on X-ray, first ESWL treatment, unilateral lithotripsy treatment without previous kidney surgery, patients without infravesical obstruction, patients without proven urinary infection, repeated use of one (the same) analgesic, patients without anticoagulant and antihypertensive therapy, patients without use of nephrotoxic drugs prior to and during the treatment, normal blood pressure, non-pregnancy patients with normal renal function. Read More

Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) 2019 Oct 6;43(8):425-430. Epub 2019 Jun 6.

Department of Urology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Estambul, Turquía.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of JJ stents on SWL treatment of moderate (15-25mm) renal pelvic stones.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2016 and December 2017, a total of 152 adult patients who were planned to undergo SWL for a single radiopaque renal pelvic stone were included in the study. Patients with solitary kidney, congenital abnormality, skeletal tract abnormalities, previous urinary system surgery, hydronephrosis (grade 2 or more), untreated urinary tract infection, bleeding disorder, and suspected pregnancy were excluded. Read More

Prim Care 2019 Jun;46(2):203-212

Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine - Wichita, Hillside Medical Office 855 N. Hillside Wichita, KS 67214, USA. Electronic address:

Incidence of nephrolithiasis has increased dramatically over the past 30 years, likely due to environmental changes such as dietary habits. Nephrolithiasis presents as acute flank or abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Hematuria is present in 90% of cases, but its absence does not rule out nephrolithiasis. Read More