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Hepatol Res 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Development of liver diseases during pregnancy is not uncommon. They are caused by either a disorder that is unique to pregnancy or an acute or chronic liver disease that already exists or coincidentally develops as a comorbidity of pregnancy. Liver diseases unique to pregnancy include hyperemesis gravidarum; hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, such as preeclampsia/eclampsia; hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count syndrome; intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy; and acute fatty liver of pregnancy. Read More

Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Singapore, Singapore.

Background: Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) affects 50 to 80 per cent of women. The existing literature has examined NVP from the perspective of the mother, and relatively less is known about offspring outcomes.

Objectives: To study the relationships of NVP with social-emotional, behavioural, and cognitive outcomes of the offspring in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Read More

AJP Rep 2020 Apr 18;10(2):e176-e178. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Banner-University Medical Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.

 Complete hydatidiform mole and coexisting normal fetus pregnancies (CHMCF) are rare and can be life-threatening to the mother. Definitive diagnosis can be made with chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis. However invasive procedures carry a risk of bleeding. Read More

J Clin Psychiatry 2020 Jun 2;81(3). Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Department of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.

Ondansetron is a 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist that has been approved for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Ondansetron has also been studied in the treatment of many neuropsychiatric and medical conditions. The drug is commonly used off-label to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020 Jun 10:1-5. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baskent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of different intestinal microorganisms of patients with normal pregnancies and HG and to compare these frequencies between the two groups. This case-control study was carried out in Baskent University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and included 20 patients; 10 of whom had normal pregnancies and 10 of whom had HG. A stool flora scan was routinely planned for all patients. Read More

Nutrients 2020 Jun 3;12(6). Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Tokyo 116-8567, Japan.

The epigenetic impact of malnutrition in mothers with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) on their offspring has not been fully elucidated. Recently, several reports have demonstrated that children born to mothers with HG were small for gestational age and had low birth weight, reduced insulin sensitivity, and neurodevelopmental delays during childhood. Therefore, we examined the relationship between fetal growth and changes in the maternal body weight in HG cases. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020 May 29;20(1):332. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 72, 5053, Bergen, Norway.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article. Read More

JAMA 2020 05;323(20):2097

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020 Jul 14;302(1):65-75. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.

Purpose: Prenatal sub-optimal nutrition and exposure to maternal stress, anxiety and depression in pregnancy have been linked to increased postnatal morbidity and mortality. Fetal growth is most vulnerable to maternal dietary deficiencies, such as those evident in hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), early in pregnancy. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effects of HG on fetal movement profiles as a measure of fetal healthy development in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, and to assess whether nutritional stress on the mother can be evaluated using isotopic analysis of hair. Read More

Cureus 2020 Apr 1;12(4):e7499. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Internal Medicine, Lincoln Medical Center, New York City, USA.

Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is the most common cause of in-patient hospitalizations during the first half of pregnancy. The etiology of HG has not yet been elucidated, and the treatment is mainly symptomatic. Untreated severe HG can lead to catastrophic maternal complications such as cardiac arrhythmia and death. Read More

Mol Diagn Ther 2020 May 4. Epub 2020 May 4.

Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC) Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Objective: A systematic review was carried out to summarize the available evidence to assess whether circulating nucleic acids in maternal plasma and serum (CNAPS) have the potential to serve as extra and independent markers for the prediction and/or progression monitoring of the most common and severe complications of pregnancy, including preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery, morbidly adherent placenta, gestational diabetes, antiphospholipid syndrome, threatened abortion, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and hyperemesis gravidarum.

Method: A comprehensive literature search of the MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and ISI Web of Knowledge databases was conducted to identify relevant studies that included amounts of CNAPS in the abovementioned pregnancy complications.

Results: Eighty-three studies met the eligibility criteria. Read More

BJOG 2020 Apr 30. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Objective: To evaluate fasting for 12 hours compared with expedited oral feeding in hospitalised women with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).

Design: Randomised trial.

Setting: University Hospital, Malaysia: April 2016-April 2017. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020 Apr 28;20(1):255. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 72, 5053, Bergen, Norway.

Background: Inadequate maternal weight gain increases the risk of small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants. Women with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) are at risk of significant early pregnancy weight loss and insufficient total pregnancy weight gain. Recent studies have implied that weight gain during the first half of pregnancy is more crucial to pregnancy outcome than total weight gain. Read More

J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2020 Apr 21:1-8. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Department of Psychiatry, 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

This study aims to explore the conscious fantasies about the unborn baby among women experiencing hyperemesis gravidarum and identify possible clinical implications. Fourteen inpatient women with moderate to severe symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum and between the 12 and 14 weeks gestation participated in semi-structured interviews. Analysis of the transcripts revealed escape and aggression fantasies about the baby, denial of fantasies in the categories tested (name, sex, external and internal characteristics of the baby), freezing of the maternal-fetus bond, and ambivalence toward the continuation of the pregnancy. Read More

Endocr Rev 2020 Aug;41(4)

MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

GDF15 has recently gained scientific and translational prominence with the discovery that its receptor is a GFRAL-RET heterodimer of which GFRAL is expressed solely in the hindbrain. Activation of this receptor results in reduced food intake and loss of body weight and is perceived and recalled by animals as aversive. This information encourages a revised interpretation of the large body of previous research on the protein. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2020 Apr 17:1-6. Epub 2020 Apr 17.

Department of Regional Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.

Gestational transient thyrotoxicosis (GTT) is associated with direct stimulation of the maternal thyroid gland by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). It is characterized by slightly higher thyroid hormone and lower thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in early pregnancy and mild or no symptoms. While GTT must be distinguished from Graves' disease (GD), which is associated with maternal and fetal complications, treated GD and new-onset GD in pregnancy are occasionally challenging to distinguish. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2020 Apr;70(4):613-617

Department of Biochemistry Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the frequency of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and associated factors among pregnant women.

Methods: The hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2016 to March 2017 at Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), Peshawar, District Headquarter Hospital (DHQ), Mardan, and District Headquarter Hospital, Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, and comprised data of 146 pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum. Data was compiled using pre-designed proforma. Read More

Ginekol Pol 2020 1;91(4):207-209. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bilim University, Florance Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the thiol/disulfide balance in ketone positive (hyperemesis gravidarum) and ketone negative pregnant women with nausea and vomiting.

Material And Methods: A total of 60 patients under the 14th week of pregnancy were included in this study, and they were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 30 pregnant women with ketone positive, group 2 included 30 ketone negative pregnant women with nausea, and vomiting. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020 05 26;301(5):1139-1145. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Obstetrics, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Czerniakowska 231, 00-416, Warsaw, Poland.

Objectives: Assessment of the maternal complications in molecularly confirmed diandric and digynic triploid pregnancies.

Methods: Sonographic features, biochemical results, and clinical presentation were analyzed. Beta-hCG level was controlled after diandric triploidy. Read More

BMJ Open 2020 Mar 24;10(3):e034712. Epub 2020 Mar 24.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark

Introduction: Current pharmacological treatment options for hyperemesis gravidarum have been introduced based on scarce evidence and are often not sufficiently effective. Several case reports suggest that mirtazapine, an antidepressant, may be an effective treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum, but so far there are no controlled trials investigating the potential effect of mirtazapine on hyperemesis gravidarum. The antiemetic ondansetron is currently widely used to treat hyperemesis gravidarum despite sparse evidence of effect in pregnant women. Read More

BJOG 2020 07 16;127(8):993. Epub 2020 Apr 16.

University of Southern California (USC) and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.

Sci Rep 2020 Mar 10;10(1):4445. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.

A case-controlled study was performed to evaluate taste and smell impairment, nausea or vomiting (NV) response to taste and smell and toleration to food texture, item and cooking method in hyperemesis gravidarum patients (HG) compared to gestation-matched controls from a university hospital and primary care clinic in Malaysia. Taste strips (4 base tastes), sniff sticks (16 selected smells) and a food-related questionnaire were used. 124 participants were recruited. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2020 Mar;68(3):80-82

Mahavir Swami R.

Cases have been reported about refeeding syndrome after bariatric surgery for obesity, in head and neck cancer patients, in patients with anorexia nervosa, hyperemesis gravidarum, in persons on hunger strike, malnourished alcoholic persons and persons doing religious fasting. Refeeding after prolonged fasting can cause severe morbidity and even mortality, if not done properly. Depletion of intracellular electrolytes, depletion of nutrients and vitamins, decreased BMR, decreased renal functions, decreased insulin, decreased GI functions all contribute to it, once you start refeeding. Read More

Eur J Clin Nutr 2020 Apr 2;74(4):663-665. Epub 2020 Mar 2.

Department of Internal Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia.

We report a rare case of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) in a 35-year-old woman with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Initially, the disease manifested as passivity, a loss of interest, sleeping too much, apathy and disorientation. The correct diagnosis was established after the detection of typical pathological findings of WE in the thalamus by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which was indicated for the appearance of eye symptomatology in the form of nystagmus. Read More

J Infus Nurs 2020 Mar/Apr;43(2):78-96

Hyperemesis Education and Research Foundation, Clackamas, Oregon. Kimber Wakefield MacGibbon, BSN, RN, is the executive director and cofounder of the Hyperemesis Education and Research (HER) Foundation. For 20 years, she has consulted on hyperemesis gravidarum cases, developed clinical tools and educational materials for clinicians and families, and coauthored more than 24 peer-reviewed research studies with leading universities.

Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a debilitating and potentially life-threatening pregnancy disease marked by weight loss, malnutrition, and dehydration attributed to unrelenting nausea and/or vomiting; HG increases the risk of adverse outcomes for the mother and child(ren). The complexity of HG affects every aspect of a woman's life during and after pregnancy. Without methodical intervention by knowledgeable and proactive clinicians, life-threatening complications may develop. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Feb 16;13(2). Epub 2020 Feb 16.

Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.

Hyperparathyroidism is a rare disease during pregnancy, which has increased risks, including miscarriage and fetal growth restriction. However, the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is frequently not recognised or delayed as symptoms are non-specific and calcium is not routinely measured. With a thorough medical history and clinical suspicion, early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the risk of some pregnancy complications. Read More

BJOG 2020 07 10;127(8):983-992. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Objective: To develop a core outcome set for trials on the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).

Design: Identification of outcomes is followed by a modified Delphi survey combined with a consensus development meeting and a consultation round.

Setting: An international web-based survey combined with a consensus development meeting. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Feb 9;13(2). Epub 2020 Feb 9.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Amarillo, Texas, USA

A 21-year-old first trimester primagravida woman with hyperemesis gravidarum was noted to have incidental subcutaneous emphysema during thyroid ultrasound. Follow-up radiograph demonstrated supraclavicular subcutaneous emphysema, left apical pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit and evaluated for esophageal rupture. Read More

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2020 Feb 6. Epub 2020 Feb 6.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Introduction: Hyperemesis gravidarum is the most common reason for hospitalization in early pregnancy in pregnancies resulting in delivery. Several associative factors indicate that the etiology is likely to be multifactorial. To assess this, we used a unique procedure to compare hyperemetic pregnancies with non-hyperemetic pregnancies both in different women and in the same women's different pregnancies. Read More

Hepatol Commun 2020 Feb 6;4(2):145-156. Epub 2020 Jan 6.

Division of Gastroenterology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC.

Liver disease in pregnancy may present as a disorder that is unique to pregnancy or as an acute or chronic liver disease occurring coincidentally in pregnancy. Hepatic diseases that are unique to pregnancy include hyperemesis gravidarum; preeclampsia/eclampsia; the syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets; intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy; and acute fatty liver of pregnancy. Acute and chronic forms of primary hepatic disorders that are seen in pregnancy include viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cirrhosis. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X 2020 Jan 20;5:100105. Epub 2019 Dec 20.

Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centres Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Around 1 % of pregnancies develop Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG), causing high physical and psychological morbidity. Reports on HG recurrence rate in subsequent pregnancies vary widely. An accurate rate of recurrence is needed for informed reproductive decision making. Read More

Complement Med Res 2020 Feb 4:1-8. Epub 2020 Feb 4.

Department of Chinese and Complementary Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,

Introduction: Nausea and vomiting are common problems during pregnancy. Previous studies have shown that stimulation at Neiguan (PC6) acupoint can be effective in controlling pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting. However, more evidence is required for approving this method on controlling pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting. Read More

Rambam Maimonides Med J 2020 Jan 30;11(1). Epub 2020 Jan 30.

Adelson Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Program, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.

The increasing medicinal use of cannabis during recent years has largely overlooked children and pregnant women due to litigious and ethical concerns. However, over the last few years medicine has observed increasing numbers of children treated with cannabis for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), and pregnant women treated for hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). This review provides an account of major findings discovered through this research. Read More

Obstet Gynecol Surv 2020 Jan;75(1):50-60

Assistant Professor, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC.

Importance: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) affects 0.3% to 3% of pregnancies and requires additional therapies beyond those commonly used for less severe instances of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP). Differentiating between NVP and HEG is a vital yet challenging function for any obstetrician. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020 Feb 24;245:162-167. Epub 2019 Dec 24.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Objective: We aimed to identify determinants that predict hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) disease course and severity.

Study Design: For this study, we combined data of the Maternal and Offspring outcomes after Treatment of HyperEmesis by Refeeding (MOTHER) randomized controlled trial (RCT) and its associated observational cohort with non-randomised patients. Between October 2013 and March 2016, in 19 hospitals in the Netherlands, women hospitalised for HG were approached for study participation. Read More

Ginekol Pol 2019 ;90(12):699-701

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, İstanbul Science University, Florance Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.

Objectives: Ghrelin levels can play an important role in maintaining the energy balance of pregnant women. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between HG and Ghrelin.

Material And Methods: 50 female patients admitted to the VAN Yüzüncü Yıl University, Gynecology and Obstetrics Department were evaluated. Read More

Am J Cardiol 2020 03 9;125(5):812-819. Epub 2019 Dec 9.

Emory University School of Medicine and Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address:

Improved treatment of congenital heart defects (CHDs) has resulted in women with CHDs living to childbearing age. However, no US population-based systems exist to estimate pregnancy frequency or complications among women with CHDs. Cases were identified in multiple data sources from 3 surveillance sites: Emory University (EU) whose catchment area included 5 metropolitan Atlanta counties; Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MA) whose catchment area was statewide; and New York State Department of Health (NY) whose catchment area included 11 counties. Read More

J Family Reprod Health 2019 Mar;13(1):47-55

Community Nursing Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.

The present study aims at evaluating the effects of psycho-education based on relaxation methods on Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG). This is a quasi-experimental study, with pretest and posttest design, which was carried out on 100 pregnant women with complaints of nausea and vomiting who had referred to general health centers to receive pregnancy care. In accordance with the specified content, women in the intervention group received 3 sessions of psycho-education based on relaxation methods for a week. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020 Feb 29;245:35-38. Epub 2019 Nov 29.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, Ashdod, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Objective: Current guidelines suggest that granisetron is an optional treatment for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) despite lack of evidence to support fetal safety. We aimed to determine the association between early pregnancy exposure to granisetron and fetal/neonatal outcomes.

Design: Medical records of patients treated for NVP during the first and second trimester between June 2013 to September 2015 were reviewed. Read More

Rambam Maimonides Med J 2019 Dec 9:1-5. Epub 2019 Dec 9.

Adelson Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Program, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.

The increasing medicinal use of cannabis during recent years has largely overlooked children and pregnant women due to litigious and ethical concerns. However, over the last few years medicine has observed increasing numbers of children treated with cannabis for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), and pregnant women treated for hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). This review provides an account of major findings discovered through this research. Read More

Surg Case Rep 2019 Dec 5;5(1):190. Epub 2019 Dec 5.

Department of Surgery, Yamatokoriyama Hospital, 1-62 Asahichou, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, 639-1013, Japan.

Background: Meckel's diverticulum is considered the most prevalent congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. Approximately 4% of patients are symptomatic with complications such as bleeding, intestinal obstruction, and inflammation, while axial torsion of Meckel's diverticulum is rare, particularly in pregnancy.

Case Presentation: A 31-year-old woman in week 15 of pregnancy complained of epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting. Read More

Ginekol Pol 2019 ;90(11):651-655

Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences University, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey.

Objectives: To investigate maternal serum catalase, myeloperoxidase and ferroxidase levels in pregnant women withHyperemesis Gravidarum and to compare the results with healthy pregnancies.

Material And Methods: In this study, 60 female patients admitted to the Health Sciences University, Gazi Yaşargil Trainingand Research Hospital, Gynecology and Obstetrics Department were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups:Group 1 included 30 pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum; Group 2 included 30 healthy pregnant women. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2020 03 16;38(3):690.e3-690.e5. Epub 2019 Nov 16.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.

Emergency physicians frequently treat hyperemesis gravidarum and should be aware of possible complications. Wernicke encephalopathy secondary to thiamine deficiency should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute encephalopathy in pregnant women. A seventeen-week pregnant 27-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department with nausea, emesis, and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Read More

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2019 11 26;19(12):101. Epub 2019 Nov 26.

Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, 912 S Wood St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.

Purpose Of Review: The goal of this chapter is to educate clinicians on the neurologic manifestations of certain nutritional deficiencies in order to promptly identify and appropriately treat these patients.

Recent Findings: Many vitamin and nutritional deficiencies have been described dating back to the early days of neurology and medicine. Some are very rare and thus, there are no randomized controlled studies to assess supplementation or dosage; however, there are reviews of case reports that can assist clinicians in choosing treatments. Read More

J Nepal Health Res Counc 2019 Nov 13;17(3):293-296. Epub 2019 Nov 13.

Kathmandu Model Hospital, Pradansani Marga, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Background: Hyperemesis gravidarum is the most severe form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. It is one of the most common cause of early pregnancy admissions and associated with various maternal risk factors . Very few studies have been conducted among Nepalese women with hyperemesis gravidarum. Read More

J Dev Behav Pediatr 2019 12;40(9):762-764

Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.

Case: Leo is a 26-month-old boy who you are seeing for an urgent care visit due to "sleep difficulty," particularly sleep onset. Since age 1, he screams, hits, and kicks his mother every day, starting after she gets home from work at 5 PM (or before the family's dinnertime on her days off) and escalating over the course of the evening until he "wears himself out" and falls asleep in a crib in his own room around 9 to 10 PM Once asleep, he sleeps well through the night and wakes easily around 7 AM in a pleasant mood; his mother leaves for work soon after he awakens. He naps after lunch for 2 to 3 hours on weekdays at an in-home child care with 1 to 2 adult caregivers and 5 other children aged 0 to 5 years. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2020 Jun 31;36(6):525-529. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey.

Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is an extreme form of vomiting during pregnancy and is characterized with excessive vomiting and nausea and ketonuria, electrolyte imbalance, dehydration and severe nurtition deficiency. The etiology of HG is considered as multifactorial. Altough there is a great interest to HG in terms of psychiatric conditions, there have been limited numbers of studies that researched personality traits in patients with HG. Read More

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2020 02 28;60(1):34-43. Epub 2019 Oct 28.

Department of Medicine, Ipswich Hospital, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia.

This is a brief summary of the Society of Obstetric Medicine of Australia and New Zealand (SOMANZ) evidence-based guideline for the management of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). The full guideline and executive summary including auditable outcomes are freely available on the SOMANZ website [https://www.somanz. Read More