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J Fam Psychol 2021 Jun 24. Epub 2021 Jun 24.

Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University.

This randomized trial tested the impact of an established prevention program for first-time parents, Family Foundations, adapted for low-income mothers and fathers as a series of sessions provided to couples in their homes. To assess program impact, we recruited and randomly assigned a sample of 150 low-income adult mother-father dyads (not necessarily still romantically involved, cohabiting, or married) during pregnancy or shortly after birth. The randomly assigned intervention families participated in Family Foundations Home Visiting (FFHV), consisting of 11 in-home sessions focusing on parental cooperation, collaboration, and conflict management to support children's development. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2021 Jun 24. Epub 2021 Jun 24.

Background/aim: To investigate the predictive effect of different symptoms of early acute stress disorder (ASD) on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in traffic accident survivors.

Materials And Methods: A total of 206 traffic accident survivors were assessed with the Acute Stress Disorder Scale (ASDS) within 2-23 days after accidents, as well as with 17-item PTSD Checklist-Specific Stressor Version (PCL-S) during 4-12 months after accidents. All into the first group of subjects by senior surgeon assessment, based on the clinical, radiological and laboratory examination, excluded traumatic brain injuries and mild brain injury. Read More

World J Biol Psychiatry 2021 Jun 24:1-15. Epub 2021 Jun 24.

Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, India.

Objectives: Previous studies have been established that persons who experienced a stroke are soon likely to develop several anxiety disorders. In which one of the major anxiety disorders is Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Yet, the likelihood of PTSD in conjunction with cerebral stroke has not been well described. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2021 7;12:665599. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Laboratory for Traumatic Stress Studies and Center for Genetics and BioMedical Informatics Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

The adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 (pituitary) receptor () gene is associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which controls stress responses. The single-nucleotide polymorphism of , rs2267735, has been investigated in many studies to test its association with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the results have not been consistent. It is worth systematically exploring the role of rs2267735 in PTSD development. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Jun;100(25):e26508

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju, Korea.

Abstract: This study was conducted to examine whether Korean veterans from the US-Vietnam War who had a diagnosis of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as past history of exposure to agent orange (AO) are vulnerable to hyperglycemia when receiving intra-articular corticosteroid injection (IACI) for pain relief.The current study included a total of 49 patients (n = 49) who received an injection of triamcinolone 20 or 40 mg to the shoulder under sonographic guidance or did that of dexamethasone 10 mg or triamcinolone 40 mg combined with dexamethasone 20 mg to the spine under fluoroscopic guidance. Their 7-day fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were measured and then averaged, serving as baseline levels. Read More

Ind Psychiatry J 2020 Jul-Dec;29(2):251-256. Epub 2021 Mar 15.

Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Background: Post Traumatic stress disorder usually occurs after a traumatic event and nowadays we are all facing the pandemic - the COVID-19 which has effected our mental health to a great extent. So this study was taken up to assess the risk of Post traumatic stress disorder symptoms using impact of event scale-revised (IES-R), their main stressors and coping measurements.

Materials And Methods: A telephonic interview schedule was adopted to fill the online questionnaire among general population of age group 20-55 years covering different states using snow ball technique. Read More

BMC Psychiatry 2021 06 22;21(1):314. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Dept of Mental Health & Substance Abuse, Primary Health Care Directorate, Ministry of Public Health, Kabul, Afghanistan.

Background: This survey attempts to measure at a national level, exposures to major traumas and the prevalence of common mental health disorders in a low-income dangerous country, highly affected by conflicts: Afghanistan.

Methods: Trans-sectional probability survey in general population by multistage sampling in 8 provinces, represented nationwide: 4445 adults (4433 weighted),15 years or older, 81% participation rate. Face to face interviews used specific scales for measuring lifetime exposure (LEC 5 Life Events Checklist) and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD Check List), a diagnostic standardized interview: Composite International Diagnostic Interview (Short Form) for. Read More

J Affect Disord 2021 Jun 5;292:687-694. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Background: After an acute myocardial infarction (MI), patients may develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is evidence for alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in PTSD. An association between patients` cortisol level after experiencing an MI and subsequent PTSD symptoms has not been investigated yet. Read More

J Affect Disord 2021 Jun 5;292:678-686. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Leidos, San Diego, CA, USA; Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA.

Background Sexual health among service women remains understudied, yet is related to health and quality of life. This study examined if the associations between recent combat and sexual assault with sexual health difficulties were mediated by mental disorders and identified factors associated with sexual health difficulties among service women. Methods Data from two time points (2013 and 2016) of the Millennium Cohort Study, a large military cohort, were used. Read More

Contemp Clin Trials 2021 Jun 19:106479. Epub 2021 Jun 19.

National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, VT, USA; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.

This paper describes Project Harmony, a Virtual Clinical Trial (VCT) funded by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) to harmonize and analyze data from over 40 independent psychological, pharmacologic and/or combined pharmacological treatment studies for posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid alcohol and other drug use disorders (PTSD/AOD). The study attends to three distinct analysis challenges: (1) variation in measurement of PTSD/AOD across studies, time, populations and reporters, (2) cross-study variation in treatment effect sizes and (3) non-randomized, cross-study variation in the classification of treatments (despite within-study randomization of treatment arms). To address these challenges, the study combines meta-analysis of individual patient data (MIPD), integrative data analysis (IDA) and propensity score weighting (PSW) to integrate raw data from these clinical trials. Read More

Nursing 2021 Jul;51(7):52-56

Richard Hill is an inpatient wound care nurse at Natchitoches Regional Medical Center in Shreveport, La.

Abstract: Little is known about the psychological impact of trauma from pandemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This article explores a descriptive study on the impact of COVID-19 and the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder among RNs caring for patients with COVID-19. Read More

J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2021 Jun 22. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd., Suite 400, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Providers in non-traditional mental health settings (e.g., primary care, community medical clinics) face challenges involving patients who often present with multiple mental health conditions, but require rapid assessment and treatment. Read More

Psychol Med 2021 Jun 22:1-9. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, New York, USA.

Background: Oral histories from 9/11 responders to the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks provide rich narratives about distress and resilience. Artificial Intelligence (AI) models promise to detect psychopathology in natural language, but they have been evaluated primarily in non-clinical settings using social media. This study sought to test the ability of AI-based language assessments to predict PTSD symptom trajectories among responders. Read More

Am J Psychiatry 2021 Jun 22:appiajp202020091340. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit (Nord, Lawson, Dalgleish) and Department of Psychology (Lawson), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K.; and Cambridgeshire and Peterborough National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, U.K. (Dalgleish).

Objective: Maintenance of bodily homeostasis relies on interoceptive mechanisms in the brain to predict and regulate bodily state. While altered neural activation during interoception in specific psychiatric disorders has been reported in many studies, it is unclear whether a common neural locus underpins transdiagnostic interoceptive differences.

Methods: The authors conducted a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies comparing patients with psychiatric disorders with healthy control subjects to identify brain regions exhibiting convergent disrupted activation during interoception. Read More

J Affect Disord 2021 Jun 6;292:623-632. Epub 2021 Jun 6.

University of North Dakota, Psychology Department, Stop 8380, Grand Forks, ND 58202-8380, United States. Electronic address:

Background: Child abuse has been identified within the DSM-5 as a putative etiologic risk for over two dozen psychiatric disorders.

Methods: This study examined associations between self-reported diagnostic histories of six Mood, Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders and childhood adversities measured using dichotomous ACE (Adverse Childhood Experiences) counts and dimensional indices of child abuse.

Results: Adversity odds ratio were all significant (p < . Read More

Depress Anxiety 2021 Jun 20. Epub 2021 Jun 20.

School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: The endocannabinoid system is gaining increasing attention as a favorable target for improving posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments. Exposure therapy is the gold-standard treatment for PTSD, and fear extinction learning is a key concept underlying successful exposure.

Methods: This study examined the role of genetic endocannabinoid polymorphisms in a fear extinction paradigm with PTSD compared to healthy participants (N = 220). Read More

Cureus 2021 May 17;13(5):e15070. Epub 2021 May 17.

Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA.

: 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), known recreationally as "Molly" or "Ecstasy", is a triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor. MDMA specifically acts as a weak 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 receptor agonist, targeting 5-HT, 5-HT, and 5-HTreceptors. Its potential use for therapeutic purposes with these pharmacological profiles remains a controversial subject. Read More

J Psychopathol Behav Assess 2021 Mar 2;43(1):119-130. Epub 2021 Jan 2.

University of Utah, Department of Psychology.

The revised criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the fifth edition of the necessitated the development of new screening tools for youth, one of the most widely used of which is the UCLA Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index for DSM-5 (RI-5). Thus far, the few studies that have investigated the RI-5's factor structure have supported a four-factor model. However, to date this research has been limited to youth with histories of exposure to single-event traumatic stressors, a significant limitation as evidence suggests many trauma-exposed youth report exposure to multiple types of traumatic stressors, or polyvictimization. Read More

Womens Health Issues 2021 Jun 18. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Division of Research & Education, VA Central Western Massachusetts Healthcare System, Leeds, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry & Division of Addiction, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.

Objectives: Maternal alcohol misuse during the postpartum period is associated with negative maternal and infant outcomes. This study examined whether greater stress exposure in the year before the baby's birth and maternal post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were associated with postpartum alcohol misuse among a sample of women veterans. Maternal PTSD was also examined as a moderator of the association between stress exposure and postpartum alcohol misuse. Read More

J Subst Abuse Treat 2021 Jun 16:108537. Epub 2021 Jun 16.

Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Insomnia symptoms may be an important etiological factor for substance use disorders; however, whether improving sleep leads to reductions in problematic substance use among at-risk populations remains unclear.

Method: As such, the current pilot study used a randomized controlled design to test the effects of Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia (BBTI) against a waitlist control among a sample of trauma-exposed young adults with elevated insomnia symptoms who regularly use cannabis (N = 56).

Results: Intent-to-treat multilevel modeling analyses indicated that BBTI may be more efficacious than waitlist control in reducing self-reported insomnia symptoms, with large effects three months post-treatment (d = 1. Read More

Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2021 May 24. Epub 2021 May 24.

Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#7005, 125 MacNider Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7005, United States. Electronic address:

Memory 2021 Jun 21:1-10. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterised by alterations in autobiographical memory for traumatic and non-traumatic events. Studies that focus on event construction - the ability to search for and identify a specific event - have documented overgeneral memory in PTSD. However, the quality of autobiographical memory also depends on the ability to elaborate on an event once constructed by providing additional details. Read More

Int J Dev Disabil 2018 Mar 15;65(4):277-284. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

Oslo University Hospital, Dikemark, Asker, Norway.

Background: Mental health services for patients intellectual disabilities (ID) and additional mental illnesses are only sparsely studied.

Objective: The objective was to describe a representative sample of patients with ID in a specialized psychiatric department.

Methods: Data were collected from case files in a 7-year period. Read More

J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2021 Jun 1;73:101666. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA; Atlanta VA Medical Center, 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, 12 Executive Park, 3rd Floor, Atlanta, GA, 30029, USA. Electronic address:

Background And Objectives: Reduction of trauma related negative cognitions, such as guilt, is thought to be a mechanism of change within PTSD treatments like prolonged exposure (PE). Research suggests PE can directly address guilt cognitions. However, whether pharmacotherapies for PTSD can remains unclear. Read More

J Clin Psychopharmacol 2021 Jun 19. Epub 2021 Jun 19.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Clinical Psychology and Behavioural Health Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Institute for Early Life Adversity Research, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin, TX. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL Research Service, Bruce W. Carter Miami VA Medical Center, Miami, FL

J Head Trauma Rehabil 2021 Jun 15. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders and Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (Drs Fortier Kim, and Fonda and Mss Beck and Currao), and Women's Health Sciences Division, National Center for PTSD (Drs Iverson and Galovski), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Fortier); Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (Drs Iverson, Fonda, and Galovski); and College of Nursing, University of Missouri Saint Louis (Dr Werner).

Objective: To adapt the Boston Assessment of TBI-Lifetime (BAT-L) interview specifically for female survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV), validate the adapted BAT-L/IPV, and report the prevalence of head injury.

Setting: The BAT-L is the first validated instrument to diagnose traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) throughout the life span for post-9/11 veterans. The BAT-L/IPV was adapted to target diagnostic issues belonging exclusively to IPV while maintaining its life span approach. Read More

J Trauma Dissociation 2021 Jun 18:1-16. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Kildare, Ireland.

: Dissociation is commonly reported by individuals who meet criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). However, the association between the age of trauma exposure, dissociation, and CPTSD is not well understood. This study aimed to test whether dissociation mediated the relationship between the developmental stage of trauma exposure and CPTSD symptoms. Read More