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J Radiosurg SBRT 2019 ;6(1):11-17

Centro Gamma Knife Dominicano, CEDIMAT, Plaza de la Salud, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.

Purpose: To investigate if clinically asymptomatic compression of the middle cerebellar tract by extracerebral posterior fossa tumors can produce changes in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters and if these changes return to normal after Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS).

Material And Methods: In 22 patients (12 female, mean age 53.8 years) with posterior fossa tumors (14 schwannomas and 8 meningiomas), the middle cerebellar tract was tracked using DTI data. Read More

J Neurosurg Pediatr 2019 Feb 15:1-7. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

1Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Goethe University; Departments of.

Tumors of the central nervous system represent the largest group of solid tumors found in pediatric patients. Pilocytic astrocytoma is the most common pediatric glioma, mostly located in the posterior fossa. The majority of brainstem tumors, however, are classified as highly aggressive diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) and their prognosis is dismal. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address:

Hemangioblastomas are rare benign, highly vascularized tumors occurring in the cerebellum and the spinal cord. They often develop tumor-associated cysts multiple times the size of the solid part of the tumor. Patients with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease typically exhibit multiple tumors with the need of repeated surgeries during their lifetime. Read More

Pediatr Neurosurg 2019 Jan 30:1-10. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing,

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical features and risk factors of outcomes in pediatric posterior cranial fossa ependymoma. We aim to provide evidence-based recommendations for the improvement of prognoses.

Patients And Methods: The clinical data, treatment modalities, approaches performed, recurrence rates and times, as well as the outcomes of 94 cases were analyzed retrospectively. Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019 Jan 28:e27631. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Divisions of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Background: Outcomes for childhood brain tumors are now associated with a five-year survival rate of 75%. Endocrine effects of brain tumors are common, occurring in 43% of patients by 10 years from tumor diagnosis. Optimal timing of screening for endocrinopathies remains undefined. Read More

Surg Neurol Int 2018 24;9:262. Epub 2018 Dec 24.

International Center for Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.

Background: Germ cell tumors comprise a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, classified as germinomas and nongerminomatous germ cell tumors based on clinicopathological features. The nongerminomatous group of tumors includes embryonal carcinoma, endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac tumor), choriocarcinoma, mature and immature teratoma, and mixed germ cell tumors with more than one element. While germinomas are radiation-sensitive tumors, all other tumors have less response to radiotherapy, and it is suggested that gross total resection improves their overall survival and tumor-free survival rates. Read More

Br J Neurosurg 2019 Jan 25:1-4. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

a Department of Neurosurgery , Galeazzi Research and Clinical Hospital , Milan , Italy.

We report on a patient, who underwent the resection of a cerebellar primary central nervous system lymphoma and was administered intraoperative fluorescein sodium to improve the visualization of the tumor and guide surgery. Low-dosage fluorescein was administered prior to opening the dura so to distinguish contrast-enhanced lymphomatous tissue from the surrounding unenhanced brain cerebellar parenchyma. Intraoperatively, the tumor was indistinguishable from cerebellar parenchyma under the white light, however, after the administration of low-dose intravenous fluorescein, it appeared brightly fluorescent under yellow light, and was safely resected. Read More

Pediatr Neurol 2018 Oct 18. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas. Electronic address:

Objective: Visual abnormalities are common among children with posterior fossa tumors, resulting from disruption of ocular afferent and efferent systems due to the tumor or surgery. This study describes the visual complications and outcomes associated with these tumors.

Methods: Clinical and radiographic data of patients who underwent index surgery for resection of posterior fossa tumor from 2007 to 2016 were reviewed. Read More

World J Surg Oncol 2019 Jan 19;17(1):22. Epub 2019 Jan 19.

Division of Neurological Surgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Background: Congenital intracranial tumors are very rare and account for less than 2% of all childhood brain tumors. Teratomas constitute about one third to one half of these, predominantly located midline in the supratentorial region. Posterior fossa location rarely occurs and, based on the cases reported in the literature, commonly has a poor prognosis. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2019 Jan 18. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Purpose: A preliminary survey of pediatric neurosurgeons working at different centers around the world suggested differences in clinical practice resulting in variation in the risk of pediatric cerebellar mutism (CM) and cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) after posterior fossa (PF) tumor resection. The purposes of this study were (1) to determine the incidence and severity of CM and CMS after midline PF tumor resection in children treated at these centers and (2) to identify potentially modifiable factors related to surgical management (rather than tumor biology) that correlate with the incidence of CM/CMS.

Methods: Attending pediatric neurosurgeons at British Columbia's Children's Hospital (BCCH) and neurosurgeons who completed a pediatric neurosurgery fellowship at BCCH were invited to provide data from the center where they currently practiced. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 01 18;10(1):332. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.

Drugs that modify the epigenome are powerful tools for treating cancer, but these drugs often have pleiotropic effects, and identifying patients who will benefit from them remains a major clinical challenge. Here we show that medulloblastomas driven by the transcription factor Gfi1 are exquisitely dependent on the enzyme lysine demethylase 1 (Kdm1a/Lsd1). We demonstrate that Lsd1 physically associates with Gfi1, and that these proteins cooperate to inhibit genes involved in neuronal commitment and differentiation. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Gharib Street, Tehran, 141557854, Iran.

Introduction: Meningiomas are relatively uncommon neoplasms in the pediatric population and posterior fossa is a very rare location for these tumors. Only a few cases of contralateral cranial nerve deficits have been reported but no cases of pediatric meningioma with contralateral facial nerve paresis have been documented in literature.

Cerebellopontine Angle Meningioma Who Case Report: We present a 4 year old girl with found postoperative contralateral facial nerve paresis. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2019 Jan 13. Epub 2019 Jan 13.

Division of Neurosurgery, National Center for Child Health and Development, Okura 2-10-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.

Introduction: Pediatric schwannomas are rare, and most of them are associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and usually located in the vestibular nerve. Herein, we present the first pediatric case of intracranial schwannoma derived from the IX/X nerve complex unrelated to NF2.

Case Report: The patient was a 9-year-old boy who presented with a 3-month history of headache and nausea. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2018 24;30:291. Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, CHU Mohammed VI, Hôpital Arrazi, Marrakech, Maroc.

Brain tumors are the most diagnosed solid tumors in children under the age of 15 years worldwide. However, the epidemiological and anatomopathological profile of these tumors has been poorly described in African and, particularly, in Moroccan literature. This study highlights the epidemiological and anatomopathological peculiarities of primary brain tumors in children living in the region of Marrakech (south Morocco). Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2019 Mar 4;35(3):421-428. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova Medical School, via Giustiniani 5, 35100, Padova, Italy.

Purpose: The choice between sitting and prone position to access the infratentorial space in a suboccipital craniotomy is still a matter of debate. The comparisons in terms of complications and outcome of both positions are scarce, and the pediatric population is indeed more infrequent in these in scientific reviews. In this paper, we assess intraoperative and postoperative complications and neurological outcome in pediatric patients undergoing posterior cranial fossa surgery for pilocytic astrocytoma in sitting and prone position respectively. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Dec 19. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare malignant tumor of the central nervous system and it is associated with poor prognosis, it accounts for 0.7-0.9% of all lymphomas and for only 0. Read More

Eur Radiol 2018 Dec 19. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge (IDI), Centre Bellvitge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.

Objectives: Assessing a posterior fossa tumour in an adult can be challenging. Metastasis, haemangioblastoma, ependymal tumours, and medulloblastoma are the most common diagnostic possibilities. Our aim was to evaluate the contribution of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the diagnosis of these entities. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Mar 4;14(3):304-308. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.

Choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) are rare neoplasms classified as World Health Organization grade I tumors. CPPs containing other tissues have occasionally been documented in the literature. However, few of these previous reports have provided clinical and radiological information. Read More

J Neurosurg 2018 Nov 1:1-10. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Departments of1Neurosurgery.

OBJECTIVETumors involving Meckel's cave remain extremely challenging because of the surrounding complex neurovascular structures and deep-seated location. The authors investigated a new minimal-access technique using the endoscopic transorbital approach (eTOA) through the superior eyelid crease to Meckel's cave and middle cranial fossa lesions and reviewed the most useful surgical procedures and pitfalls of this approach.METHODSBetween September 2016 and January 2018, the authors performed eTOA in 9 patients with tumors involving Meckel's cave and the middle cranial fossa. Read More

Brain Tumor Pathol 2019 Jan 6;36(1):1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Experimental and Clinical Pathology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, A. Pawińskiego 5 Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.

Expression of the ALK gene strongly correlates with the WNT-activated medulloblastomas, which are routinely identified by detection of CTNNB1 mutation. However, some tumors have mutations in other than CTNNB1 genes. Therefore, we investigated if ALK expression may identify WNT-activated tumors without CTNNB1 mutation. Read More

Top Magn Reson Imaging 2018 Dec;27(6):479-502

Section of Neuroimaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN.

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant solid tumor in childhood and the most common embryonal neuroepithelial tumor of the central nervous system. Several morphological variants are recognized: classic medulloblastoma, large cell/anaplastic medulloblastoma, desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma, and medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity. Recent advances in transcriptome and methylome profiling of these tumors led to a molecular classification that includes 4 major genetically defined groups. Read More

Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2018 Dec;24(6):1588-1602

Purpose Of Review: This article reviews the management of cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), and cerebral herniation syndromes in neurocritical care.

Recent Findings: While corticosteroids may be effective in reducing vasogenic edema around brain tumors, they are contraindicated in traumatic cerebral edema. Mannitol and hypertonic saline use should be tailored to patient characteristics including intravascular volume status. Read More

Acta Neuropathol Commun 2018 Dec 4;6(1):134. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.

Extensive molecular analyses of ependymal tumors have revealed that supratentorial and posterior fossa ependymomas have distinct molecular profiles and are likely to be different diseases. The presence of C11orf95-RELA fusion genes in a subset of supratentorial ependymomas (ST-EPN) indicated the existence of molecular subgroups. However, the pathogenesis of RELA fusion-negative ependymomas remains elusive. Read More

J Neurosurg 2018 Oct 1:1-7. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

Departments of1Neurosurgery and.

OBJECTIVECerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a known complication of surgeries near the major dural venous sinuses. While the majority of CVSTs are asymptomatic, severe sinus thromboses can have devastating consequences. The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the true incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative CVST and comment on management strategies. Read More

J Neurooncol 2018 Nov 24. Epub 2018 Nov 24.

Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich and Clinical Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.

Purpose: Deciding whether to re-operate patients with intracranial tumor recurrence or remnant is challenging, as the data on safety of repeated procedures is limited. This study set out to evaluate the risks for morbidity, mortality, and complications after repeated operations, and to compare those to primary operations.

Methods: Retrospective observational two-center study on consecutive patients undergoing microsurgical tumor resection. Read More

J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2018 Dec 25;79(Suppl 5):S428-S430. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Semmes Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee, United States.

Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain disorder affecting the face. In approximately 80% of cases, it is most commonly caused, when the root entry zone (REZ) of the trigeminal nerve is compressed by the superior cerebellar artery (SCA). The etiology of the remaining 20% of cases is distributed among venous, arteriovenous malformations, posterior fossa tumors, multiple sclerosis plaque compressions, and other pathologies. Read More

J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2018 Dec 25;79(Suppl 5):S411-S412. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.

This video illustrates the case of a 51-year-old woman who presented with sudden-onset headache, vertigo, and nausea. Imaging revealed an epidermoid cyst of the posterior fossa with mass effect upon the brainstem and displacement of the basilar artery. This lesion was approached using a left-sided keyhole retrosigmoid craniotomy with monitoring of the cranial nerves. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(46):e13179

Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.

Rationale: Cystic meningioma located at the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) is an extremely rare occurrence. It is frequently misdiagnosed preoperatively. Little is known about the clinical features and outcome of this rare disease. Read More

Pediatr Neurosurg 2018 14;53(6):395-400. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Children's Hospital LA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Background/aims: Pilocytic astrocytomas are common pediatric tumors. Molecular profiles vary with location of origin. Comparisons of proliferation have not been reported. Read More

JAMA Oncol 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Importance: Brain metastases are a common source of morbidity for patients with cancer, and limited data exist to support the local therapeutic choice between surgical resection and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

Objective: To evaluate local control of brain metastases among patients treated with SRS vs surgical resection within the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 22952-26001 phase 3 trial.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This unplanned, exploratory analysis of the international, multi-institutional randomized clinical trial EORTC 22952-26001 (conducted from 1996-2007) was performed from February 9, 2017, through July 25, 2018. Read More

Future Oncol 2018 Nov 12. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Advances in genomic, transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling now identifies pediatric ependymoma as a defined biological entity. Molecular interrogation has segregated these tumors into distinct biological subtypes based on anatomical location, age and clinical outcome, which now defines the need to tailor therapy even for histologically similar tumors. These findings now provide reasons for a paradigm shift in therapy, which should profile future clinical trials focused on targeted therapeutic strategies and risk-based treatment. Read More

Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2018 ;82(5):104-110

Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia.

Treatment of primary malignant neuroepithelial tumors of the posterior cranial fossa (PCF) in childhood includes surgical resection, radiation therapy (RT), and chemotherapy (CT). The radicalness of surgery is one of the most important prognostic factors of survival. Despite the significant advances in treatment, many of these tumors recur. Read More

Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2018 ;82(5):39-47

Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia.

Wound liquorrhea is a serious and dangerous complication developing after neurosurgical interventions. The highest risk group includes patients operated on using approaches to the skull base. In pediatric neurosurgery, approaches to the posterior cranial fossa are some of the most common ones, with wound liquorrhea amounting to 33%. Read More

Pediatr Neurosurg 2018 8;53(6):427-431. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Bahcesehir University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Gaziantep Medical Park Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey.

Tethered cord syndrome (TCS), a neurological disorder characterized by the lower settlement of the conus medullaris, is a congenital spinal disease which is caused by split cord syndrome, meningomyelocele, and spinal tumors. Cranial dermoid tumor (CDT) is a congenital benign tumor which is generally located on the midline of the cranium. Even though TCS is highly associated with spinal dermoid tumor, the relationship of CDT and TCS is unusual. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2018 Nov 10;108:43-51. Epub 2018 Sep 10.

Developmental Imaging and Biophysics Section, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Post-operative paediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome (pCMS) occurs in around 25% of children undergoing surgery for cerebellar and fourth ventricular tumours. Reversible mutism is the hallmark of a syndrome which comprises severe motor, cognitive and linguistic deficits. Recent evidence from advanced neuroimaging studies has led to the current theoretical understanding of the condition as a form of diaschisis contingent on damage to efferent cerebellar circuitry. Read More

Acta Neuropathol Commun 2018 Nov 5;6(1):117. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

UMR8203,Vectorologie et Nouvelles Thérapies Anticancéreuses, CNRS, Gustave Roussy, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.

Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3 K27M-mutant, is a new entity in the updated WHO classification grouping together diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas and infiltrating glial neoplasms of the midline harboring the same canonical mutation at the Lysine 27 of the histones H3 tail.Two hundred and fifteen patients younger than 18 years old with centrally-reviewed pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) were included in this study. Comprehensive transcriptomic (n = 140) and methylation (n = 80) profiling was performed depending on the material available, in order to assess the biological uniqueness of this new entity compared to other midline and hemispheric pHGG. Read More

J Neurooncol 2018 Dec 3;140(3):717-725. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

Background: The dismal outcome in children with high-grade brainstem gliomas (BSG) accentuates the need for effective therapeutic strategies. We investigated the role of intensive, including marrow-ablative, chemotherapy regimens in the treatment of young children with newly-diagnosed high-grade BSG.

Methods: Between 1991-and-2002, 15 eligible children less than 10 years of age with a diagnosis of high-grade BSG were treated on "Head-Start" I and II protocols (HSI and HSII). Read More

Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2018 Dec 31;160(12):2349-2361. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Neurosurgery, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Introduction: Recently, an alternative endoscopic endonasal approach to Meckel's cave (MC) tumors has been proposed. To date, few studies have evaluated the results of this route. The aim of our study was to evaluate long-term surgical and clinical outcome associated with this technique in a cohort of patients with intrinsic MC tumors. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2018 Oct 26;10(11). Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and DKTK Site Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

(1) Background: Selecting patients that will benefit the most from proton radiotherapy (PRT) is of major importance. This study sought to assess dose reductions to numerous organs-at-risk (OARs) with PRT, as compared to three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT), as a function of tumor location. (2) Materials/Methods: Patients with intracranial neoplasms (all treated with PRT) were stratified into five location-based groups (frontal, suprasellar, temporal, parietal, posterior cranial fossa; = 10 per group). Read More

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2018 Jul;64(7):581-582

UNESP - Campus de Botucatu - Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry - Botucatu - São Paulo - Brasil.

Neuropsychologia 2018 11 22;120:124-136. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Neuropsychiatry and Neurorehabilitation Unit, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy; Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy; University of Udine, Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, Udine, Italy. Electronic address:

Representations of own and others' body play a crucial role in social interaction. While extensive knowledge has been gathered on the neuropsychological deficits affecting body representation in adult brain lesion patients, little is known on how acquired damage to a developing brain may affect this process. We tested it on pediatric brain tumor survivors, comparing the abilities of 30 children and adolescents (aged 8-16 years) surviving from a supratentorial tumor (STT) or an infratentorial tumor (ITT) in two different tasks of body representation. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2019 Jan 15;59:325-332. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Neurosurgery, Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, CA, USA.

Brainstem tumors are rare, even rarer is a brainstem tumor containing tissues of an embryologic gynecologic origin. We report a very rare case of presence of a calcified heterogeneously contrast enhancing brainstem mass of Müllerian origin in a patient in a 38 year old female with no female genital tract cancer and past surgical history of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement for congenital hydrocephalus. To our knowledge this is the very first and unusual case of a mass of gynecologic origin in the brainstem region especially in the setting of no history of gynecological tumor. Read More

Oncol Rep 2019 Jan 12;41(1):178-190. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City 04530, Mexico.

Medulloblastomas are among the most frequently diagnosed pediatric solid tumors, and drug resistance remains as the principal cause of treatment failure. Hypoxia and the subsequent activation of hypoxia‑inducible factor 1α (HIF‑1α) are considered key factors in modulating drug antitumor effectiveness, but the underlying mechanisms in medulloblastomas have not yet been clearly understood. The aim of the present study was to determine whether hypoxia induces resistance to cyclophosphamide (CPA) and ifosfamide (IFA) in DAOY medulloblastoma cells, whether the mechanism is dependent on HIF‑1α, and whether involves the modulation of the expression of cytochromes P450 (CYP)2B6, 3A4 and 3A5 and the control of cell proliferation. Read More

Rev Neurol (Paris) 2018 Dec 9;174(10):705-710. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; UMR S 1127, Inserm U 975, Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière, ICM, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne universités, UPMC université Paris 06, 75013 Paris, France. Electronic address:

Objective/background: Posterior fossa (PF) recurrences of supratentorial (ST) World Health Organization (WHO) grade II and III gliomas are thought to be rare and to have grim prognoses.

Methods: This study entailed searching through our database and reviewing the records of patients with grade II and III ST gliomas who developed PF recurrence with no overt secondary gliomatosis or leptomeningeal spread.

Results: Of 2266 grade II and III gliomas, 14 fulfilled the inclusion criteria: 5 oligodendrogliomas (O; 1 OII, 4 OIII); 7 astrocytomas (A; 4 AII, 3 AIII); and 2 oligoastrocytomas (OA; both OAIII). Read More

Pediatr Neurosurg 2018 10;53(6):416-420. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.

Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD) is a rare, slow-growing, benign lesion of the cerebellum. It is often seen in the second and fourth decades. This disease is extremely rare in childhood. Read More

Nat Commun 2018 10 8;9(1):4121. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94305, California, USA.

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. Group 3 medulloblastoma, the most aggressive molecular subtype, frequently disseminates through the leptomeningeal cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) spaces in the brain and spinal cord. The mechanism of dissemination through the CSF remains poorly understood, and the molecular pathways involved in medulloblastoma metastasis and self-renewal are largely unknown. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Oct;97(40):e12576

Department of Emergency Medicine.

Facial nerve paralysis is a common complication following cerebellopontine angle (CPA) surgery. This study investigated the prognostic value of facial nerve motor-evoked potentials (FNMEPs) elicited by transcranial electrical stimulation for facial nerve outcome after CPA tumorectomy.A total of 95 patients were enrolled in this study between January 2014 and January 2016. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2018 Dec 1;58:226-228. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:

Low-pressure hydrocephalus (LPH) is a rare clinical diagnosis, characterized by neurologic decline and ventriculomegaly that persists despite normal to low intracranial pressure. LPH is typically managed by negative-pressure drainage via ventriculostomy, followed by low-resistance shunt insertion. We present the case of a middle-aged man with a history of hemangioblastomatosis who had spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. Read More

Surg Neurol Int 2018 10;9:182. Epub 2018 Sep 10.

International Center for Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.

Background: In this video abstract, we present a one burr-hole craniotomy for a modified presigmoid approach developed in Helsinki Neurosurgery to access the space extended to both middle and posterior fossa. Thus, indications for this approach are lesions that extend to both middle and posterior fossa, petroclival tumors, basilar tip aneurysms located extremely low below the posterior clinoid process, trunk basilar aneurysms, and bypass procedures from the P2 segment of the posterior cerebral artery. The procedure is composed by three stages: a temporal and presigmoid craniotomy, a partial petromastoidectomy, and the dura opening with section of the superior petrosal sinus (SPS) and the tentorium. Read More

Asian J Neurosurg 2018 Jul-Sep;13(3):918-920

Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

Medulloblastoma is one of the common posterior fossa tumors in children. The natural history of this tumor in presymptomatic period is not well known. Widespread use of brain imaging has increased the detection of incidental brain tumors in totally asymptomatic persons. Read More