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Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2021 May 31;207:106209. Epub 2021 May 31.

Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, TIMC, Grenoble, France. Electronic address:

Background And Objective: Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) is a multimorbid chronic disease with individual and societal deleterious consequences. Polysomnography (PSG) is the multi-parametric reference diagnostic tool that allows a manual quantification of the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) to assess SAS severity. The burden of SAS is affecting nearly one billion people worldwide explaining that SAS remains largely under-diagnosed and undertreated. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Professor, Chief of the Service de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale de la Pitié Salpétrière (France).

Objective: This pilot randomized crossover study evaluated the outcomes of two custom-made mandibular retention devices (MRDs), a computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) device (Narval CC™) and a non-CAD/CAM device (Narval™), on oropharyngeal airway volume in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).

Methods: 12 OSA patients were recruited from an University Hospital for MRD therapy with either CAD/CAM or non-CAD/CAM first. A cone-beam computed tomography evaluation (CBCT) and polysomnography assessment was performed during baseline assessment and at the end of each study period. Read More

Mov Disord 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Sleep Disorders Unit, University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP-Sorbonne, Paris, France.

Background: Hyposmia and isolated REM sleep behavior disorder are well-established features of prodromal Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether taste loss (reported in PD and possibly suggesting brain stem involvement) is present at the isolated REM sleep behavior disorder stage.

Methods: We assessed taste function using the Taste Strip Test (evaluating 4 concentrations of bitter, sweet, sour, and salty) in 44 participants with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder, 19 with PD, and 29 controls. Read More

Sleep 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Centre for Sleep Science, School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Western Australia.

Study Objectives: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of two-weeks of nightly sublingual cannabinoid extract (ZTL-101) in treating chronic insomnia (symptoms ≥three months).

Methods: Co-primary study endpoints were safety of the medication based on adverse event reporting and global insomnia symptoms (Insomnia Severity Index; ISI). Secondary endpoints included: self-reported (sleep diary), actigraphy-derived and polysomnography measurements of sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE); and self-reported assessments of sleep quality (sSQ) and feeling rested upon waking. Read More

PLoS One 2021 11;16(6):e0252844. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Sleep Centre, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.

Background: In recent population-based case-control studies, sleep apnea was significantly associated with a higher incidence (hazard ratio, 1.71) of vertigo and the risk of tinnitus was found to increase 1.36 times in patients with sleep apnea. Read More

Nat Sci Sleep 2021 4;13:739-749. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Objective: Slow-wave sleep (SWS) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have attracted recent research attention. However, their joint effects on insulin resistance (IR) remain unclear. This study explored whether SWS influences the relationship between OSA and IR. Read More

Nat Sci Sleep 2021 3;13:713-728. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Introduction: Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) parasomnias are defined as abnormal nocturnal behaviors that typically arise from the NREM sleep stage 3 during the first sleep cycle. The polysomnographic studies showed an increase in sleep fragmentation and an atypical slow wave activity (SWA) in participants with NREM parasomnias compared to healthy controls. To date, the pathophysiology of NREM parasomnias is still poorly understood. Read More

Sleep Med 2021 May 26;84:63-72. Epub 2021 May 26.

Grupo de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Servicio de Neumologia, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:

Objectives/background: Little information is available about the association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with atherogenic dyslipidemia and the contribution of sleep characteristics to lipid alterations. We compare dyslipidemia prevalence among non-apneic subjects and mild-severe OSA patients to identify the sleep characteristics that are independently associated with dyslipidemia and serum lipid levels in OSA patients.

Patients/methods: We recruited 809 consecutive patients who had been referred for polysomnography study by OSA suspicion. Read More

Ir J Med Sci 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese PLA General Hospital, The 1st Medical Center, Beijing, 100853, China.

Background: To determine if alcohol consumption is a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and nocturnal oxygen desaturation.

Methods: This case-control study evaluated patients with confirmed OSA and a control group using polysomnography (PSG). Two doctors who have worked in this field for more than 5 years provided a blinded interpretation of the patients' monitoring results. Read More

Sleep Breath 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Objective: The NoSAS score is a new tool widely used in recent years to screen for obstructive sleep apnea. A number of studies have shown that the NoSAS score is more accurate than previous tools, such as the Berlin, STOP-Bang, and STOP questionnaires. Therefore, this meta-analysis assessed the diagnostic value of the NoSAS score for sleep apnea syndrome in comparison to polysomnography. Read More

Psychol Sci 2021 Jun 9:956797621989724. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Baylor University.

Many people listen to music for hours every day, often near bedtime. We investigated whether music listening affects sleep, focusing on a rarely explored mechanism: involuntary musical imagery (earworms). In Study 1 ( = 199, mean age = 35. Read More

Sleep Sci 2021 Jan-Mar;14(1):83-86

West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Department of Respiratory Medicine - Watford - United Kingdom.

Sleep app ownership is increasing exponentially, due to their accessibility and ease-of-use. However, there are several concerns regarding the use of sleep apps. Few sleep apps demonstrate empirical evidence to support their claims, and if they do, this evidence can be based on significant methodological limitations. Read More

Sleep Sci 2021 Jan-Mar;14(1):19-26

Hospital de Santa Maria, Psychiatry Department - Lisbon - Portugal.

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is the most common sleep disorder and its prevalence has increased with the obesity pandemic. We aimed to explore the presence of OSA in severe obesity and to evaluate the association of body mass index (BMI) with sleep architecture, cognition, emotional distress and comorbidities in OSA versus non-OSA patients.

Methods: A sample of 61 patients performed a neuropsychological battery that included tasks of attention, memory, perceptual/visuospatial ability, vocabulary, inhibition, cognitive flexibility and distress symptomatology, before overnight polysomnography. Read More

Pediatr Res 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Background: Hypovitaminosis D is a common health problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inter-relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and paternal and maternal vitamin D status in a sample of snoring children.

Methods: We selected 137 participants for whom serum 25(OH)D had been measured and underwent overnight polysomnography evaluation. Read More

Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2021 Jun;44(6):543-549

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.

To analyze the diversity, abundance and structural composition of intestinal microflora in patients with different severity of OSAHS, and to explore their potential role in the occurrence and development of OSAHS. A total of 27 healthy volunteers(N) [male 19, female 8, age 22-78(44.4±2. Read More

Epilepsy Behav 2021 Jun 5;121(Pt A):108099. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Sleep Disorders Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Background: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is the most common instrument for measuring subjective sleep propensity in people with epilepsy but has not yet been validated in this population.

Study Objectives: We aimed to systematically assess the validity, performance, and internal consistency of the ESS, as well as correlations between the ESS and disease-specific variables and patient-reported outcome measures in a cohort of adults with epilepsy (AWE).

Methods: Ninety-five AWE completed sleep and seizure diaries, in-laboratory polysomnography (PSG) and patient-reported outcome measures, including the ESS, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Read More

Comput Biol Med 2021 May 29;134:104532. Epub 2021 May 29.

WHO Collaborating Centre on eHealth, UNSW Digital Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia. Electronic address:

Sleep apnea is a common symptomatic disease affecting nearly 1 billion people around the world. The gold standard approach for determining the severity of sleep apnea is full-night polysomnography conducted in the laboratory, which is very costly and cumbersome. In this work, we propose a novel scalogram-based convolutional neural network (SCNN) to detect obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Read More

Encephale 2021 Jun 3. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Hôpital Erasme, Service de Psychiatrie et Laboratoire du Sommeil, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, route de Lennik 808, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgique.

Objectives: In the literature, several studies have investigated the particular relationship between major depression and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). However, most of these studies have focused primarily on middle-aged to elderly individuals (≥40 years) which means that this problem has been little studied in young adults (<30 years). Nevertheless, in young adults the prevalence of major depression (particularly its atypical subtype) is not negligible, which seems to justify carrying out additional investigations in order to allow a better understanding of the potential role played by major depression in the pathophysiology of OSAS in this particular subpopulation. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2021 May 21;147:110783. Epub 2021 May 21.

Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, Guangdong, China. Electronic address:

Objective: REM sleep is known to be closely associated with behavioral problems in children. Our previous study showed that children with decreased REM sleep (REM < 10%) suffered from severe sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). In this study we explored the characteristics of behavioral problems in children with SDB and decreased REM sleep. Read More

J Dent 2021 Jun 3:103711. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Professor and Chair, Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Objective: To provide a scoping review of the literature by assessing all the English-language papers that investigated the relationship between sleep bruxism (SB) and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).

Study Data And Sources: A search was performed in the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Scopus databases, in order to identify all the articles published assessing the relationship between SB and TMDs, by several different approaches. The selected articles were then structurally read and summarized in PICO tables. Read More

Sleep Med 2021 May 19;84:8-19. Epub 2021 May 19.

Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) experience frequent sleep disturbances in addition to enduring cognitive impairments. The purpose of the present review was to systematically summarise our current understanding of the association between sleep disturbances and cognition in SSD. Through this, it was aimed to identify features of disturbed sleep that are reliably associated with cognitive deficits in SSD and identify the gaps within the current literature that require future investigation. Read More

Sleep Med 2021 May 15;84:20-25. Epub 2021 May 15.

Sleep Disorders Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disorder associated with increased cardiovascular risks. We explored the predictive value of OSA screening instruments in cardiac disease patients awaiting cardiac surgery.

Methods: In this prospective cohort, 107 participants awaiting cardiac surgery from Cleveland Clinic and Johns Hopkins underwent polysomnography after completing Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Sleep Apnea/Sleep Disorder Questionnaire (SA/SDQ), STOP, STOPBAG and Berlin questionnaires. Read More

Eur J Neurosci 2021 Jun 5. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Sleep Research Unit, The Royal Institute for Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Sleep fragmentation and reductions in sleep spindles have been observed in individuals with depression. Sleep spindles are known to play a protective role for sleep, and there are indications that melatonin agents can enhance spindles in healthy people. Whether agomelatine, a melatonin agonist indicated for the treatment of depression, may increase spindle density sufficiently to impact sleep continuity in people with depression remains unknown. Read More

Sleep Breath 2021 Jun 5. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Department of Physical Therapy, Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, Rua Cipotânea, 51, São Paulo, CEP: 05360-160, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the P300 response of auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) and to correlate the electrophysiological findings with OSA severity.

Methods: Patients with no OSA and mild, moderate, and severe OSA according to polysomnography (PSG) with normal hearing and no comorbidities were studied. Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, the use of chronic medications, and a risk of hearing loss were excluded. Read More

Arch Bronconeumol 2021 Jun;57(6):393-398

University of Health Science, Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology, Izmir, Turkey.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the body position on primary central sleep apnea syndrome.

Methods: Fifty-five subjects diagnosed with central sleep apnea (CSA) through polysomnographic examinations were prospectively enrolled in the study. All patients underwent cardiologic and neurologic examinations. Read More

Arch Bronconeumol 2021 Jun;57(6):387-392

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes) (CB06/06), Spain.

Background And Objectives: Available evidence suggests a familial basis for OSA. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential influences of parental OSA in predicting the diagnosis and severity of OSA in snoring children.

Methods: Observational study, we prospectively enrolled 84 children and their parents. Read More

J Neurosurg Pediatr 2021 Jun 4:1-7. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

5A. I. duPont Hospital for Children, Thomas Jefferson University, Wilmington, Delaware; and.

Objective: The authors sought to determine the overall incidence of cervicomedullary decompression (CMD) in patients with achondroplasia and the characteristics associated with those surgeries across multiple institutions with experience caring for individuals with skeletal dysplasias.

Methods: Data from CLARITY (Achondroplasia Natural History Study) for 1374 patients with achondroplasia from four skeletal dysplasia centers (A. I. Read More

PLoS One 2021 4;16(6):e0252569. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Ludwig Engel Centre for Respiratory Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Introduction: The impact of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) on arterial intima-media thickness (IMT), a surrogate measure for cardiovascular disease, remains uncertain, in part because of the potential for non-SDB vascular risk factor interactions. In the present study, we determined predictors for common carotid (CCA) and femoral (CFA) artery IMT in an adult, sleep clinic cohort where non-SDB vascular risk factors (particularly diabetes) were eliminated or controlled.

Methods: We recruited 296 participants for polysomnography (standard SDB severity metrics) and CCA/CFA ultrasound examinations, followed by a 12 month vascular risk factor minimisation (RFM) and continuous positive pressure (CPAP) intervention for participants with a range of SDB severity (RFM Sub-Group, n = 157; apnea hyponea index [AHI]: 14. Read More

PLoS One 2021 4;16(6):e0252353. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Aim And Objective: Systemic inflammation has been documented in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However studies on childhood OSA and systemic inflammation are limited. This study aimed to determine the relation between OSA in overweight/obese children and various inflammatory markers. Read More

Indoor Air 2021 Jun 3. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Department of Civil Engineering, International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark.

Three conditions were established to investigate the effects of ventilation and related ventilation noise on sleep quality: No mechanical ventilation/low noise (A); Mechanical ventilation /low noise (B); Mechanical ventilation/high noise (C). The interventions were achieved by idling a mechanical ventilation system or operating it in two different modes. Nine young people and nine older people were all exposed to each of the three conditions for a whole night's sleep, but data from only 15 subjects were analyzed as three young subjects apparently slept with open windows in condition A. Read More