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Orthop J Sports Med 2020 Apr 27;8(4):2325967120915704. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.

Background: Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of plantar heel pain. Several recent randomized control trials (RCTs) have been published comparing the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and corticosteroids (CSs) for the treatment of plantar fasciitis.

Purpose: To perform a systematic review of RCTs to compare whether PRP or CS injections result in decreased pain levels and improved patient outcomes in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2020 May 11. Epub 2020 May 11.

Residency Director, Reading Hospital Tower Health, West Reading, PA.

The in-step plantar fasciotomy has remained a viable option for treatment of plantar fasciitis. The level of the in-step procedure has previously been described as 1.5 cm distal to the anterior heel fat pad. Read More

J Clin Orthop Trauma 2020 May-Jun;11(3):457-461. Epub 2020 Mar 18.

Department of Surgery NSCB Government Medical College, Jabalpur, MP, 482003, India.

Background: Foot drop defined as a significant weakness of ankle and toe dorsiflexion. It leads to high stepping gait, functional impairment and deformity of the foot. Objective of this study was to assess the functional outcome of tibialis posterior (TP) transfer for patient with foot drop in a single center. Read More

J Foot Ankle Res 2020 May 8;13(1):20. Epub 2020 May 8.

School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.

Background: Plantar heel pain (PHP) is present in a wide range of individuals and creates significant burden to quality of life and participation in physical activity. The high recurrence rates and persistence of PHP suggests current management options may not address all potentially modifiable factors associated with the condition. Reports of intrinsic foot muscle (IFM) atrophy in individuals with PHP, together with biomechanical evidence of their important contribution to optimal foot function, suggests that an intervention focused on IFM training may be beneficial in managing PHP. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May;99(19):e19920

Department of Ultrasound, Weifang Maternal and Child health Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China.

Background: The outcomes of corticosteroid injection (CSI) and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) as primary treatment of plantar fasciitis have been debated. This study was conducted to compare and evaluate the therapeutic effects of ultrasound-guided CSI versus medium frequency ESWT in the treatment of plantar fasciitis among Chinese population.

Methods: This study was a single-center, randomized, and double-blinded trial. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020 22;13:1271-1279. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Unit for Clinical and Applied Research, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.

Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a common degenerative disorder and a frequent cause of heel pain, mostly affecting patients in their fourth and fifth decades. Diabetic patients are particularly at risk due to the presence of common risks and co-morbidities such as obesity or a sedentary lifestyle. The diagnosis of PF is mainly clinical. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2020 May - Jun;59(3):587-589

Residency Director and Chief of Podiatry, Trinitas Regional Medical Center, Elizabeth, NJ.

An elastofibroma is a rare, benign, slow-growing, progressive soft tissue neoplasm with distinct histopathological features consisting of collagen and coarse elastic fibers. When it occurs, it has a propensity for the subscapular region in elderly female patients. It can occur less commonly at other anatomical sites, and its exact etiology is unclear. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2020 May - Jun;59(3):546-552

Clinical Fellow and Foot & Ankle Surgeon, Orthopedic Surgery Department, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar. Electronic address:

Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain, which often results in a significant limitation of daily activity. The objective of this review was to compare platelet-rich plasma injection (PRP) and corticosteroids injection in the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis. MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library of clinical trials were searched in March 2019. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2020 Apr 21;56(4). Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea.

Obese people have many foot-related disorders and plantar fasciitis (PF) is the most common disorder among them. However, research on the role of therapeutic exercises in PF is lacking and there is no evidence to suggest its benefits. As such, a further insight into therapeutic exercises is needed within this group. Read More

Int J Sports Phys Ther 2020 Apr;15(2):274-286

Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, USA.

Background/and Purpose: Musculoskeletal ultrasound imaging (MSK US) is an emerging diagnostic tool in physical therapy, which allows for dynamic visualization of tissues in real time. Plantar fasciitis is a common condition causing heel and arch pain and has been related with degenerative changes in the plantar fascia resulting in tissue thickening. Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM) is an intervention that allows clinicians deep penetration to treat tissues. Read More

Indian J Orthop 2020 Feb 20;54(1):31-37. Epub 2020 Jan 20.

1Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, 160030 India.

Introduction: Although many treatment modalities including rest, stretching, strengthening, change of shoes, arch supports, orthotics, night splints and anti-inflammatory agents have been advocated for plantar fasciitis, there is no report in the literature which compares the independent effectiveness of each treatment modality without the concomitant use of any other one.

Methods: A double blind, randomized controlled study was undertaken where 140 patients of plantar fasciitis were divided into four groups with 35 patients each. Patients in four groups received analgesics, hot water fomentation and silicon heel pads, plantar fascia stretching and calf stretching exercises, respectively. Read More

Niger J Clin Pract 2020 Apr;23(4):574-576

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Rebuplic of Turkey Ministry of Health Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Muratpasa, Antalya, Turkey.

Stress fractures of calcaneus are uncommon cause of heel pain. Stress fractures could be seen in risc groups such as metabolic diseases/medications causing poor bone quality and exposing repetitive microtrauma. Anti-epileptic drug (AED) use is related with poor bone quality and increased fracture risc. Read More

Healthcare (Basel) 2020 Mar 30;8(2). Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Physical Therapy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.

Plantar fasciitis (PF) is one of the most common causes of heel and foot pain. Monophasic pulsed current (MPC) is an electrical stimulation used to accelerate the healing processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of MPC and MPC combined with plantar fascia stretching exercises (SE) on heel pain and plantar fascia thickness in treatment of PF and see if there is any relationship between heel pain and plantar fascia thickness after intervention. Read More

Asian J Neurosurg 2020 Jan-Mar;15(1):59-64. Epub 2020 Feb 25.

Department of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Rosai Hospital, Marugame, Kagaw, Japan.

Background: Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) is an entrapment neuropathy in which the tibial nerve is compressed within the tarsal tunnel and causes sensory disturbance in the sole of the foot. In this manuscript, we summarized our early surgical cases of TTS.

Materials And Methods: Six feet in five patients with TTS were treated surgically. Read More

Malays Fam Physician 2019 31;14(3):80-83. Epub 2019 Dec 31.

(MD, MS Ortho) Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

The injection of a local anesthetic in combination with a corticosteroid is an accepted choice in the treatment of plantar fasciitis with recalcitrant heel pain. When the injection is performed properly, post-injection infection is extremely rare. We are reporting a rare case of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis that developed secondary to a local corticosteroid injection. Read More

J Foot Ankle Res 2020 Mar 6;13(1):12. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

La Trobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3086, Australia.

Background: Plantar heel pain is a common source of pain and disability. Evidence-based treatment decisions for people with plantar heel pain should be guided by the best available evidence, expert clinical reasoning, and consider the needs of the patient. Education is a key component of care for any patient and needs to be tailored to the patient and their condition. Read More

PLoS One 2020 27;15(2):e0229685. Epub 2020 Feb 27.

Department of Research, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Quantitative analyses of plantar pressure images typically occur at the group level and under the assumption that individuals within each group display homogeneous pressure patterns. When this assumption does not hold, a personalized analysis technique is required. Yet, existing personalized plantar pressure analysis techniques work at the image level, leading to results that can be unintuitive and difficult to interpret. Read More

J Orthop Surg Res 2020 Feb 18;15(1):55. Epub 2020 Feb 18.

Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, 11th Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China.

Background: Heel pain is one of the most common complaints in foot and ankle clinic, and one of the leading causes of heel pain is plantar fasciitis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out in 31 cases (39 feet) of patients with intractable plantar fasciitis. In the enrolled 26 cases, 16 patients (19 feet) received open plantar fascia release, and the other 15 patients (20 feet) received percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. Read More

Gait Posture 2020 Mar 21;77:250-256. Epub 2020 Jan 21.

Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address:

Background: Improving gait is in exercise programs for older adults (OAs) but little is known about how different gait-training approaches affect spatiotemporal parameters and plantar pressure distributions in OAs. High plantar pressures are linked to tissue injury risk, ulceration, and pain in OAs, but no studies have yet compared how they affect podobarometric variables.

Research Question: The effect of changing plantar pressure on absolute and mean maximum pressure, the pressure-time integral, stride time, stance time, and gait speed in OAs following either a multicomponent training program (EG) or interval-walking training (WG). Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Feb 13;10(1):2571. Epub 2020 Feb 13.

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is proposed to be effective in reducing pain and improving functional outcome in chronic plantar fasciitis. However, no long-term reports exist on the changes in plantar fascia (PF) elasticity after ESWT. We aimed to evaluate the changes in PF stiffness in patients with plantar fasciitis undergoing ESWT. Read More

J Pain Res 2020 14;13:109-121. Epub 2020 Jan 14.

Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Modarres Hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Background And Aims: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is the leading cause of heel pain in adults. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) injection in reducing the symptoms of PF, compared with corticosteroid (CS) injection as a conventional treatment.

Methods: In this triple-blind, randomized, clinical trial, 75 patients who had the symptoms of PF for at least 3 months were randomly divided into two groups of 38 and 37 individuals. Read More

Rehabilitacion (Madr) 2020 Jan - Mar;54(1):11-18. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

Servicio de Medicina Física y RHB, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova-Llíria de Valencia, Valencia, España.

Objective: Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain. The aetiology of this condition remains unclear. Patients typically have pain upon palpation of the medial plantar calcaneal region. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020 Jan 31. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Section for Sports Traumatology M51, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Purpose: Plantar fasciitis is a frequent and painful condition with a lifetime incidence of 10%. Good results have been reported for operative treatment of plantar fasciitis refractory to non-surgical interventions in uncontrolled studies. The aim of this study was to compare the results of operative treatment (endoscopic debridement, removal of the heel spur and partial resection of the plantar fascia) with those of a controlled and supervised non-operative rehabilitation program. Read More

Reumatismo 2020 Jan 28;71(4):230-234. Epub 2020 Jan 28.

Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo.

In early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), proliferative synovitis sometimes occurs earlier in the tenosynovium or bursal synovium than in the articular synovium. Here we report two patients who presented with subcalcaneal bursitis while progressing from undifferentiated arthritis with high-titer anti-CCP antibodies (ACPA) to a diagnosis of RA. They had initially presented with palindromic transient pain in the hands and the feet. Read More

J Orthop Surg Res 2020 Jan 28;15(1):30. Epub 2020 Jan 28.

Institute Avanfi, 28020, Madrid, Spain.

Background: This study aims to analyse the clinical results of ultrasound-guided surgery for the decompression of the tibial nerve, including its distal medial and lateral branches, to treat tarsal tunnel syndrome. These structures are the complete flexor retinaculum and the deep fascia of the abductor hallucis muscle, including individualised release of the medial and lateral plantar nerve tunnels.

Method: This is a retrospective review of 81 patients (36 men and 45 women) with an average age of 41 years old (32-62) and an average clinical course of 31 months (8-96) compatible with idiopathic tarsal tunnel syndrome, who underwent ultrasound-guided decompression of the proximal and distal tarsal tunnel between February 2015 and November 2017 (both months included), with a minimum follow-up of 18 months. Read More

Ann Intern Med 2020 01;172(2):JC8

Phys Ther Sport 2020 Mar 29;42:75-81. Epub 2019 Nov 29.

Division of Athletic Training, University of Kentucky, 206B Charles T, Wethington, Jr. Building, Lexington, KY, 40536, United States. Electronic address:

Objective: To compare foot posture, plantar sensation, plantar fascia thickness, intrinsic foot muscle performance, and abductor hallucis morphology in individuals with and without plantar heel pain (PHP).

Design: Cross-Sectional.

Setting: Laboratory. Read More

Surg Radiol Anat 2020 Jun 14;42(6):681-684. Epub 2020 Jan 14.

Anatomy Laboratory, College of Sports Science, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Korea.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the location and distribution patterns of neurovascular structures and determine the effective injection point in the tarsal tunnel for heel pain.

Methods: Fifteen adult non-embalmed cadavers with a mean age of 71.5 years were studied. Read More

Health SA 2019 25;24:1244. Epub 2019 Sep 25.

Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Witwatersrand, South Africa.

Background: Plantar fasciitis is one of the common causes of heel pain and a common musculoskeletal problem often observed by clinicians. Numerous options are available in treating plantar fasciitis conservatively, but no previous studies have compared combined conservative management protocols.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare manipulation of the foot and ankle and cross friction massage of the plantar fascia; cross friction massage of the plantar fascia and gastrocsoleus complex stretching; and a combination of the aforementioned protocols in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Read More

Trials 2020 Jan 2;21(1). Epub 2020 Jan 2.

Center for General Practice at Aalborg University, Fyrkildevej 7, 9220, Aalborg East, Denmark.

Background: Plantar fasciopathy has a lifetime prevalence of 10%. Patients experience sharp pain under the heel, often for several months or years. Multiple treatments are available, but no single treatment appears superior to the others. Read More

Malays Orthop J 2019 Nov;13(3):8-14

Department of Community Medicine, PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Kuppam Campus, Kuppam, India.

Plantar fasciitis is characterised by pain in the heel, which is aggravated on weight bearing after prolonged rest. Many modalities of treatment are commonly used in the management of plantar fasciitis including steroid injection. Many studies show that steroid injection provides pain relief in the short term but not long lasting. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019 Dec 28;20(1):630. Epub 2019 Dec 28.

School of Physical Therapy, South College, Knoxville, TN, USA.

Background: Many patients will seek care from a podiatrist for plantar heel pain (PHP), while few of these patients will also be seen by a physical therapist. Physical therapists can provide treatment that is not a part of routine podiatric care for PHP and may provide additional improvement. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interdisciplinary care for PHP that incorporated physical therapy treatment after initiating podiatric treatment. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2020 Jan - Feb;59(1):64-68

Medical Student and Researcher, Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.

Chronic plantar heel pain (CPHP) is one of the most common painful and disabling foot conditions, for which various treatments have been proposed. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of local injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) compared with the conventional method of local corticosteroid injection in obese patients who were resistant to other nonsurgical treatments. In this single-blind, randomized clinical trial, 32 obese patients with chronic plantar heel pain were randomly allocated to 2 groups of 16 participants each. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Dec;98(52):e18428

Unit of Ultrasound in Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti.

Rationale: The plantar fascia (PF) is an important anatomical structure that stabilizes the longitudinal arch of the foot. While plantar fasciitis is a common pathology affecting the foot, tears of the PF are uncommon injuries characterized by acute pain in the plantar aspect of the foot. The main purpose of this paper was to describe, in detail, how the ultrasonographic pattern of PF rupture can be combined with the clinical features to define the prognosis and promptly plan the therapeutic approach. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2019 12;69(12):1838-1842

King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Objective: To evaluate and assess the knowledge and awareness level of lay people about plantar fasciitis (PF).

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at a shopping mall in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from May to July 2017, and comprised random individuals busy shopping in the area. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2020 Mar 6;41(3):267-274. Epub 2019 Dec 6.

Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of foot pain. If conservative treatment fails, there is no consensus as to the best surgical management for recalcitrant plantar fasciitis (RPF). The aim of this study was to compare the results obtained from proximal medial gastrocnemius release (PMGR) with those obtained from open plantar fasciotomy (OPF) in terms of pain, satisfaction, health-related quality of life, and American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score. Read More

Clin Rehabil 2020 Mar 6;34(3):334-344. Epub 2019 Dec 6.

Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi (FACISA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Santa Cruz, Brazil.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of insoles adapted into flip-flop sandals on pain and function in individuals with plantar fasciopathy (PF).

Design: Randomized, double-blind controlled study.

Setting: Physiotherapy clinic of the Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Brazil. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Nov 26;12(11). Epub 2019 Nov 26.

Orthopaedics, Haaglanden Medisch Centrum Antoniushove, Leidschendam, The Netherlands.

A 61-year-old mountain hiker presented with acute pain of the medial-plantar aspect of the right foot. As the location, intensity and acute onset of the pain were atypical for fasciitis plantaris, an ultrasound was performed. This demonstrated a segmental plantar vein thrombosis (PVT), which was confirmed on consequent MRI. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Nov 21;13(1):339. Epub 2019 Nov 21.

, Baghdad, Iraq.

Background: This case series describes, for the first time, to the author's knowledge, a novel treatment for coccydynia. Tarsal tunnel block with lignocaine only brought relief of chronic coccydynia lasting more than 6 months in three patients. The author adopts the theory that the myelin sheath of the posterior tibial nerve will convey the lipid-soluble lignocaine upward toward the dorsal root ganglia and the nerve roots of the lumbar spine through the uninterrupted myelin sheath, which is itself mainly formed of lipids. Read More

Arch Bone Jt Surg 2019 Sep;7(5):469-473

Department of Orthopedics, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.

Intraosseous lipoma is a rare, benign primary tumor occurring in the bone. Herein, we reported a 45-year-old man with chronic right posterior heel pain. In this study, the man was treated conservatively due to plantar fasciitis. Read More

Foot (Edinb) 2020 Mar 3;42:101636. Epub 2019 Sep 3.

Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Musculoskeletal Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Plantar heel pain is a common musculoskeletal foot disorder that can have a negative impact on activities of daily living and it is of multifactorial etiology. A variety of mechanical factors, which result in excessive load at the plantar fascia insertion, are thought to contribute to the onset of the condition. This review presents the evidence for associations between commonly assessed mechanical factors and plantar heel pain, which could guide management. Read More

Br J Gen Pract 2019 Nov 31;69(688):e801-e808. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

Department of General Practice.

Background: Plantar heel pain (PHP) is a common cause of foot complaints in general practice. However, information on the occurrence and practical management is scarce.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and prevalence of PHP in Dutch primary care and to gain insight into the types of treatments provided to patients with PHP in primary care. Read More

J Sport Rehabil 2019 Oct 18:1-18. Epub 2019 Oct 18.

Context: Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common foot injuries. Several mechanical treatment options, including shoe inserts, ankle-foot orthoses, tape, and shoes are used to relieve the symptoms of plantar fasciitis.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of mechanical treatment in the management of plantar fasciitis. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 10 17;9(10):e031407. Epub 2019 Oct 17.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.

Introduction: Plantar fasciopathy (PF) is a degenerative condition of the plantar fascia, secondary to repetitive overloading. For the majority, PF is self-limiting with greater than 80% of those affected gaining complete resolution within 1 year. However, persistent symptoms develop in approximately 10% of cases. Read More

Foot Ankle Surg 2019 Sep 27. Epub 2019 Sep 27.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Introduction: This study investigated the effect of operative claw toe correction with release of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, repositioning of the plantar fat pad and resection of the proximal interphalangeal joint on foot kinematics, plantar pressure distribution and Foot Function Index (FFI).

Methods: Prospective experimental study with pretest-posttest design. The plantar pressure, 3D foot kinematics and the FFI of 15 patients with symptomatic claw toes were measured three months before and 12months after surgery. Read More

eNeuro 2019 Nov/Dec;6(6). Epub 2019 Oct 10.

Department of Psychology, University of New England

Premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) may be subjected to numerous painful procedures without analgesics. One necessary, though acutely painful, procedure is the use of heel lances to monitor blood composition. The current study examined the acute effects of neonatal pain on maternal behavior as well as amygdalar and hypothalamic activation, and the long-term effects of neonatal pain on later-life anxiety-like behavior, using a rodent model. Read More

J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2019 Sep;109(5):412-415

Plantar heel pain is often managed through podiatric and physical therapy interventions. Numerous differential diagnoses may be implicated in patients presenting with plantar heel pain; however, symptoms are often attributed to plantar fasciitis. Abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, and quadratus plantae share proximal anatomic attachment sites and mechanical function with the plantar fascia. Read More

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019 12 9;49(12):925-933. Epub 2019 Oct 9.

Background: Plantar heel pain is a common condition, but little is known about the relationship between muscle strength and plantar heel pain.

Objectives: To review the evidence relating to muscle strength in those with and without plantar heel pain.

Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature by searching key databases. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2020 Feb 9;41(2):187-192. Epub 2019 Oct 9.

American Sports Medicine Institute, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Background: Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain in adults. Multiple conservative treatment plans exist; however, some cases do not obtain significant clinical improvement with conservative treatment and require further intervention. This retrospective case study evaluated the success rate of percutaneous plantar fasciotomy and confounding comorbidities that negatively affect outcomes. Read More