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Microb Biotechnol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.

Biogas production is a biotechnological process realized by complex bacterial, archaeal and likely fungal communities. Their composition was assessed in nine full-scale biogas plants with distinctly differing feedstock input and process parameters. This study investigated the actually active microbial community members by using a comprehensive sequencing approach based on ribosomal 16S and 28S rRNA fragments. Read More

J Ethnopharmacol 2019 Apr 14:111877. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Medical Research Department, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Egypt. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Luffa cylindrica (L.) M.Roem is a climbing plant its parts have been used as traditional medicine for the treatment of different types of diseases including diarrhea, inflammation, cancer and viral infections. Read More

Plant Dis 2019 Apr 16:PDIS09181666RE. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

2 UWA Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.

(ZYMV) isolates were obtained in Papua New Guinea (PNG) from cucumber () or pumpkin ( spp.) plants showing mosaic symptoms growing at Kongop in the Mount Hagen District, Western Highlands Province, or Zage in the Goroka District, Eastern Highlands Province. The samples were blotted onto FTA cards, which were sent to Australia, where they were subjected to high-throughput sequencing. Read More

Plant Dis 2019 Apr 17:PDIS10181787RE. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

2 U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Charleston, SC, U.S.A.

Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), an emerging tobamovirus, has caused serious disease outbreaks to cucurbit crops in several countries, including the United States. Although CGMMV is seed-borne, the mechanism of its transmission from a contaminated seed to germinating seedling is still not fully understood, and the most suitable seed health assay method has not been well established. To evaluate the mechanism of seed transmissibility, using highly contaminated watermelon seeds collected from CGMMV-infected experimental plants, bioassays were conducted in a greenhouse through seedling grow-out and by mechanical inoculation. Read More

Plant Dis 2019 Apr 17:PDIS10181778RE. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.

White root rot, caused by the soilborne fungus , is an important constraint to production for a wide range of woody crop plants such as avocado trees. The current methods of detection of white root rot are based on microbial and molecular techniques, and their application at orchard scale is limited. In this study, physiological parameters provided by imaging techniques were analyzed by machine learning methods. Read More

Plant Dis 2019 Apr 17:PDIS09181517RE. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

1 Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, P.R. China.

Heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF), which belongs to the polycyclic tetramate macrolactam family, was isolated from fermentations and exhibited inhibitory activities against a wide range of fungal pathogens. In this study, the antifungal activity of HSAF against in vitro and in vivo was investigated. A total of 50% of mycelial growth of was suppressed with 4. Read More

Plant Dis 2019 Apr 17:PDIS09181555RE. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

1 Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824.

Cherry leaf spot (CLS), caused by the fungus , is a major disease of tart cherry ( L.) trees, leading to early defoliation that results in uneven ripening and poor fruit quality in the current season, reduced fruit set in the following season, and increased potential for winter injury and tree death. Pristine (BASF Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC), a commonly used fungicide for CLS management in Michigan, is a premix of boscalid, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, and pyraclostrobin, a quinone outside inhibitor. Read More

Plant Dis 2019 Apr 17:PDIS11181941RE. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

2 United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Salinas, CA, U.S.A.

The crinivirus (ToCV) is often found infecting tomato crops in Brazil, with variable incidence, but associated with prevalence of its primary vector, MEAM1. ToCV control is difficult because there are no resistant commercial tomato varieties or hybrids available and chemical spray for control of the whitefly vector has not been effective. The present study evaluated the partial host range of a Brazilian isolate of ToCV and the preference of MEAM1 for oviposition on those species identified as susceptible to the virus. Read More

PLoS One 2019 17;14(4):e0215510. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Turku, Finland.

Recent work on microbiomes is revealing the wealth and importance of plant-microbe interactions. Microbial symbionts are proposed to have profound effects on fitness of their host plants and vice versa, especially when their fitness is tightly linked. Here we studied local adaptation of host plants and possible fitness contribution of such symbiosis in the context of abiotic environmental factors. Read More

PLoS One 2019 17;14(4):e0215039. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi, China.

The Gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) is the causal agent of rice bacterial leaf streak (BLS), one of the most destructive diseases of rice (Oryza sativa L.) that is the important staple crop. Read More

PLoS One 2019 17;14(4):e0214500. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America.

Livestock industries are vulnerable to disease threats, which can cost billions of dollars and have substantial negative social ramifications. Losses are mitigated through increased use of disease-related biosecurity practices, making increased biosecurity an industry goal. Currently, there is no industry-wide standard for sharing information about disease incidence or on-site biosecurity strategies, resulting in uncertainty regarding disease prevalence and biosecurity strategies employed by industry stakeholders. Read More

PLoS One 2019 17;14(4):e0212743. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India.

Banni, located in the arid western India, is one of the largest tropical grasslands of the Asian continent. The net primary production in this grassland ecosystem is currently mediated by precipitation during the Indian summer monsoon (ISM). However, timing of the grassland expansion and its link to the intensity of monsoonal precipitation remains enigmatic due to the paucity of datasets. Read More

Phytopathology 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

University of California, Davis, Department of Plant Pathology , 1 Shields Ave , Davis, California, United States , 95616 ;

plants in and around agricultural fields in the Azua Valley of the southeastern Dominican Republic often show striking golden mosaic symptoms. Leaf samples from plants showing these symptoms were collected in 2012 and 2013, and PCR tests with degenerate primers revealed begomovirus DNA-A and DNA-B components. The complete sequences of the DNA-A and DNA-B components of four isolates show high degree of sequence identity (>96%), and a genome organization typical of New World (NW) bipartite begomoviruses. Read More

Phytopathology 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

University of Wisconsin, Plant Pathology , 1630 Linden Drive , Room 689 , Madison, Wisconsin, United States , 53706 ;

Early blight caused by and brown spot caused by are two common foliar diseases of potato, with early blight typically predominating in incidence and severity. Renewed interest in these two diseases has arisen due to notable difference in fungicide resistance profiles of the pathogens and inconsistent outcomes of disease management strategies. The pathogens share similar disease cycles, but they differ in shape and size of conidia. Read More

Plant Dis 2019 Apr 15:PDIS06181036RE. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

5 Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Coordinación Culiacán, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Culiacán, 80110 Sinaloa, Mexico.

Persian lime ( Tan.) is an important and widely cultivated fruit crop in several regions of Mexico. In recent years, severe symptoms of gummosis, stem cankers, and dieback were detected in the Persian lime-producing region in the states of Veracruz and Puebla, Mexico. Read More

Plant Dis 2019 Apr 15:PDIS07181158RE. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

1 Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and.

Wheat stripe rust caused by f. sp. is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat worldwide. Read More

Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego and the Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, United States.

The renal Na-glucose cotransporter SGLT1 mediates glucose reabsorption in the late proximal tubule, a hypoxia-sensitive tubular segment that enters the outer medulla. Gene-deletion in mice () was used to determine the role of the cotransporter in acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IR), including the initial injury and the subsequent recovery phase. On day 1 and 16 after IR, absolute and fractional urinary glucose excretion remained greater in versus wild-type littermates (WT), consistent with a sustained contribution of SGLT1 to tubular glucose reabsorption in WT. Read More

J Am Chem Soc 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Biomedical Engineering , Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States.

New cancer vaccine strategies are required to vanquish the self-tolerance and elicit robust immune responses against tumor-associated antigens and/or neoantigens. Contemporary approaches in nanomedicine center on the use of a single nanocarrier modified with multiple copies of multiple different functional domains, e.g. Read More

Microsc Res Tech 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

The medicinal plants are utilized globally considering the cheap and chemical free source, but their correct identification and authentication is prerequisite for safety and efficacy of plant-based medicines. The present study encompassed traded medicinal plants (16) with high therapeutic value from diverse families like Brassicaceae, Berberidaceae, Malvaceae, Salicaceae, Myrtaceae, Papilionaceae, Ascelpiadaceae, Colchicaceae, Violaceae, and Vitaceae for detailed microscopic study of characters that is, morphology, pollen shape and sizes, P/E ratio, pore length and width, spine length, colpi dimensions, and exine sculpture pattern. The plants showed noteworthy differences in microscopy of Wattakaka volubilis having pollinia, translator and corpusculum like structures while pores were visible in Colchicum luteum, Alcea rosea, and Hibiscus syriacus. Read More

J Food Sci 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Dept. of Food and Biotechnology, Facultad de Química, Univ. Nacional Autónoma de México., C.P, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.

Pigmented maize has been extensively studied due to its high anthocyanin content. This study has been focused mainly on kernel, although the whole plant of purple corn is a potential source of anthocyanins. First, general parameters of extraction (solvent system, solvent-to-solid ratio, number of extractions, and acid type) were established depending on the total anthocyanins content. Read More

J Food Sci 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. General Ramón Corona 2514, Nuevo México, C.P. 45138, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico.

Phenolic compounds have potential to prevent and treat chronic degenerative diseases (CDDs). A phenolic-rich carrot juice was produced by the application of wounding stress. The effects of wounding intensity, storage, peeling, blanching, filtration, and pasteurization over physicochemical, nutritional, nutraceutical, and sensory properties of carrot juice were evaluated. Read More

Evolution 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.

Novel ecosystems have become widespread created, in part, by the global spread of species. The non-native species in these environments can be under intense evolutionary pressures that cause rapid morphological change, which can then influence species interactions. In Hawai'i, much of the native frugivore community is extinct, replaced by non-native bird species. Read More

Plant Cell Physiol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.

Heat stress during Brassica napus seed filling severely impairs yield and oil content. However, the mechanisms underlying heat-stress effects on B. napus seed photosynthesis and oil accumulation remain elusive. Read More

Plant Cell Physiol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China.

Spike brittleness represents an important domestication trait in crops. Although the brittle rachis of wild wheat was cloned, however, the molecular mechanism underlying spike brittleness is yet to be elucidated. Here, we identified a single dominant brittle rachis gene Br-Ab on chromosome arm 3AbS using an F2 population of diploid wheat and designated Btr1-Ab. Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019 Apr 11;52:e20180197. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Mestrado Acadêmico em Sociobiodiversidade e Tecnologias Sustentáveis, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção, CE, Brasil.

Introduction: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are important vectors that transmit arboviruses to human populations.

Methods: Natural products were obtained and tested against larvae collected from the field in Fortaleza, capital of Ceará state.

Results: The essential oils of Syzygium aromaticum (Ae. Read More

An Acad Bras Cienc 2019 8;91(1):e20180381. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Laboratório de Estudos de Pragas e Parasitas, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n Centro, 24020 140 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.

As a part of our continuing search for insect and arthropod development regulators from Brazilian restinga vegetation of the Rio de Janeiro State, crude extracts, purified fractions and essential oils were submitted to screening tests seeking for biological activities on the development of the insects Rhodnius prolixus, Dysdercus peruvianus, Oncopeltus fasciatus and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Up to now, 102 secondary metabolites have been detected in the fractions, among them monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and two triterpenes which were obtained from the species, Eugenia sulcata, Pilocarpus spicatus, Manilkara subsericea, Myrciaria floribunda and Zanthoxylum caribaeum. These secondary plant metabolites are considered of interest for the use of studies related to arthropod endocrinology, vector-parasite interaction system, and population control of vector insect and agricultural pest. Read More

An Acad Bras Cienc 2019 8;91(1):e20180171. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil.

Avicennia schaueriana is found in Brazilian mangrove coast. The cytotoxicity in vitro of the Aqueous Extract of Leaves of Avicennia schaueriana (AELAs) and the healing activity of the plant in cream on mice skin wounds were evaluated in this study. The cytotoxic evaluation was performed on Vero cells. Read More

An Acad Bras Cienc 2019 8;91(1):e20170909. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Coordenação de Botânica, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, 66077-830 Belém, PA, Brazil.

Multidisciplinary studies including archeology and ethnobotany that seek to understand human interventions on the landscape have obtained important results concerning Amazon biodiversity. This study aims to identify the useful plants in different phytophysiognomies related to archeological sites in the Serra de Carajás, in the state of Pará, as well as expand knowledge of the local flora. Information was collected in 76 parcels located in the influence areas of 15 archaeological sites: 45 in forest vegetation, 30 in canga vegetation and 1 in palm swamps. Read More

Parasite 2019 17;26:23. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, ISS), V.le Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.

Aedes aegypti, the main arbovirus vector of the Yellow fever, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruses, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world. Preventive control efforts have been implemented worldwide aimed at reducing its impact on human health. The recent reduction of chemicals available for vector control due to their negative impact on the environment and human health and the increase in mosquito resistance to insecticides have driven the research community to identify and evaluate sustainable alternatives to synthetic insecticides. Read More

Microbiology 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

1​Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1, UK.

The casing material required in mushroom cultivation presents a very rich ecological niche, which is inhabited by a diverse population of bacteria and fungi. In this work three different casing materials, blonde peat, black peat and a 50 : 50 mixture of both, were compared for their capacity to show a natural suppressive response against dry bubble, Lecanicillium fungicola (Preuss) Zare and Gams, and wet bubble, Mycogone perniciosa (Magnus) Delacroix. The highest mushroom production was collected from crops cultivated using the mixed casing and black peat, which were not significantly different in yield. Read More

Microb Drug Resist 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

2 Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, and Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

The main goal of this study was to identify Gram-negative bacteria resistant to antibiotics, in particular β-lactams, in stream waters and effluents from urban wastewater treatment plants draining into Fino, Tavo, and Saline rivers of the Abruzzo region, Italy. Eight sampling sites were selected because they were the most contaminated by coliforms during previous sampling campaign. One sample for each site was collected for the detection of total and fecal coliforms, and species by Colilert-18 and Enterolert-E Quanti-Tray/2000. Read More

Ergonomics 2019 Apr 17:1-41. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

a Department of Industrial Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China.

Team members have different roles in various scenarios to maintain situation awareness. A collaborative system should therefore provide appropriate information to the appropriate person at an appropriate time. Considering the mismatch between the designed and actually used information, this paper proposed that users should define what information to share with their teammates. Read More

Future Med Chem 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.

Fungal infections are a worldwide problem associated with high morbidity and mortality. There are relatively few antifungal agents, and resistance has emerged within these pathogens for the newest antifungal drugs. As the fungal cell wall is critical for growth and development, it is one of the most important targets for drug development. Read More

J Comput Biol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India.

Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Accumulating pesticide (or herbicide) residues in soils become one of the seriously environmental problems. This study focused on identifying the removal of two widely-used pesticides isoproturon (IPU) and acetochlor (ACT) by a genetically developed paddy (or rice) plant overexpressing an uncharacterized glycosyltransferase (IRGT1). IRGT1 conferred plant resistance to isoproturon/acetochlor, which was manifested by attenuated cellular injure and alleviated toxicity of rice growth under isoproturon/acetochlor stress. Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Kernels of winter triticale ( Triticosecale Wittm. cv. Dinaro) were analyzed. Read More

Environ Sci Technol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Crops may require Si fertilization to sustain yields. Potential Si fertilizers include industrial by-products (e.g. Read More

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019 Apr;30(4):1380-1388

Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China.

We explored the effects of multiple times of topdressing nitrogen application under equal level on the characteristics of absorption, utilization, accumulation, and distribution of N and C in four-year-old potted winter jujube during fruit developmental periods using the stable isotope tra-cer technology. The results showed that with the increases of nitrogen application times, the N derived from fertilizer (Ndff) in each organ significantly increased at the fruit maturity. The distribution rates of N in reproductive organ (fruit) and vegetative organs (leaf, deciduous spur, new branch, and fine root) were highest under four-time application, and lowest under one-time application. Read More

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019 Apr;30(4):1367-1372

College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.

Fifteen-year-old 'Gala'/M. hupehensis Rehd. trees and N trace technique were used to explore the effects of split combined application of organic-inorganic fertilizers on plant growth, N absorption, utilization and loss. Read More

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019 Apr;30(4):1359-1366

College of Horticulture, Hebei Normal University of Science ＆ Technology, Changli 066600, Hebei, China.

In this study, we examined the effects of biochar addition on the soil nutrition and microbial community diversity in continuous cultivated cucumber soils, using 95% soils of planting cucumbers for 6 and 10 years mixed with 5% biochar as treatment and no biochar addition as control, all plants cultivated in the pots. The results showed that adding biochar increased per plant yield of cucumber by 11.4% and 62. Read More

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019 Apr;30(4):1295-1302

Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Fertilization from Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China.

A field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of controlled-release urea (CRU) application on ammonia (NH) volatilization, nitrogen (N) use efficiency and fresh ear yield of fresh edible maize. The treatments included one control (CK: no N fertilizer application) and four different band fertilization depths (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm). Results showed that NH volatilization from non-fertilization band and planting band mainly occurred in the first two weeks after the fertilization, which lasted for almost a month in the fertilization band. Read More

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019 Apr;30(4):1278-1286

College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.

To understand the characteristics of ammonia volatilization in Losses Plateau, an experiment was conducted in a typical solar greenhouse involving four treatments. Intermittent ventilation chamber method was used to measure NH volatilization over the period of tomato-watermelon rotation. The results showed that nitrogen transformation was rapid in solar greenhouse system. Read More

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019 Apr;30(4):1261-1268

College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.

To investigate the organic cultivation mode for high-yield and high-quality melon, we measured the growth of melon that grown in pots with different conditions of organic nutrient solution and irrigation. There were three irrigation frequencies of organic nutrient solution (8-time application, each time 750 mL per plant, F; 12-time application, each time 500 mL per plant, F; 16-time application, each time 375 mL per plant, F) and two different irrigation amount per single plant (irrigating by 120% daily evapotranspiration (ET) before fruit enlargement, by 140%ET after fruit enlargement, W; irrigating by 140%ET before fruit enlargement, by 160%ET after fruit enlargement, W), following a randomized block trial design. The effects of those treatments on photosynthetic characteristics, yield, quality, fertilizer and water use efficiency of melon were investigated. Read More

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019 Apr;30(4):1243-1252

School of Life Science and Technology, College of Adult and Online Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China.

By field experiment and cultivation simulating, we analyzed the impacts of oilseed rape straw incorporation on root, tiller and grain yield of rice. Results showed that straw incorporation treatments decreased 1-2 in tillers and 1.0-8. Read More

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019 Apr;30(4):1179-1187

Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji'nan 250100, China.

The application of large amounts of nitrogen (N) fertilizer can result in soil N accumulation and consequently N loss. To address these problems in a wheat-maize rotation area of the North China Plain, a two-year field experiment (2016-2017) was conducted to examine the effects of three different N fertilizer strategies on crop yield, N uptake, N loss and soil inorganic N content. The treatments were: controlled-release fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, nitrification inhibitor and farmer's practice (control). Read More

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019 Apr;30(4):1161-1169

Wheat Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, China.

Field experiments were conducted to examine the effects of flooding irrigation (FI), micro-sprinkler irrigation (SI), drip irrigation (DI), combined with nitrogen application (N:157.5 kg·hm as basal, 67.5 kg·hm top dressed at jointing stage; N:157. Read More

J Basic Microbiol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

College of life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, PR China.

Plant endophytes are rich in secondary metabolites and are widely used in medicine, chemical, food, agriculture and other fields. Here, an endophytic fungus isolated from Ginkgo biloba L. leaves and identified as Alternaria brassicae GL07 through genotypic characterizations, it can produce the fruity scented volatiles. Read More

J Exp Bot 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China.

'Jimba', a well-known white flowered chrysanthemum cultivar, occasionally and spontaneously produces red colored petals under natural cultivation, but there is little information about the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying this process. We analysed the expression patterns of 91 MYB transcription factors in 'Jimba' and 'Turning red Jimba' and identified an R3 MYB, CmMYB#7, whose expression was significantly decreased in 'Turning red Jimba' compared with 'Jimba', and confirmed it is a passive repressor of anthocyanin biosynthesis. CmMYB#7 competed with CmMYB6, which together with CmbHLH2 is an essential component of the anthocyanin activation complex, for interaction with CmbHLH2 through the bHLH binding site in the R3 MYB domain. Read More

Nat Prod Rep 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2.

Covering: up to March 2019Amino acid racemases and epimerases are key enzymes that invert the configuration of common amino acids and supply many corresponding d-isomers in living organisms. Some d-amino acids are inherently bioactive, whereas others are building blocks for important biomolecules, for example lipid II, the bacterial cell wall precursor. Peptides containing them have enhanced proteolytic stability and can act as important recognition elements in mammalian systems. Read More

Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019 Apr 17:1-13. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

a Department of Life Sciences, Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia.

The inner bark of cinnamon () is widely used as a spice. Cinnamon plants are also a valuable source of essential oil used for medicinal purposes. The present study aimed to investigate the composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil of bark (CvEO) and its protective effects in vivo on CCl-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rats. Read More