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Neurosurgery 2019 Mar;84(3):616-623

Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, The Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.

Background: Accurate assessment of the need for glucocorticoid therapy is essential after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for pituitary tumors. Agreement on the best test to use in the early postoperative setting is lacking.

Objective: To examine recovery room (RR) cortisol as a predictor of long-term need for glucocorticoids. Read More

Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.

Background: For the precise removal of pituitary tumors, preserving the surrounding normal structures, we need real-time intraoperative information on tumor location, margins, and surrounding structures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of a new intraoperative real-time imaging modality using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence through an endoscopic system during transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for pituitary tumors.

Methods: Between August 2013 and October 2014, 20 patients with pituitary and parasellar region tumors underwent TSS using the ICG fluorescence endoscopic system. Read More

Endocr J 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Hypothalamic and Pituitary Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan.

Pituitary adenoma has been reported to be detectable in only 36-63% of Cushing's disease (CD) patients by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, we investigate the outcomes and problems associated with tumor identification using 3-Tesla (3-T) MRI, which provides clearer images than ≤1.5-T MRI, in 115 patients who were initially diagnosed with CD. Read More

Endokrynol Pol 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Dept. of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Medical University Wroclaw, Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wrocłąw, Poland.

Background: Acromegaly is associated with increased growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) secretion which may support tumor development and growth.

Case Presentation: A 68-year old woman was diagnosed with acromegaly due to typical clinical and hormonal characteristics. While a contrast-enhanced MRI at diagnosis did not reveal a pituitary adenoma, a 5 mm lesion was identified on repeat scanning 13 months later. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2019 Jan 31;2019(1):rjz013. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.

Intracranial solitary fibrous tumors are rare mesenchymal neoplasms originating in the meninges and constitute a heterogeneous group of rare spindle cell tumors that include benign and malignant neoplasms of which hemangiopericytoma is nowadays considered a cellular phenotypic variant. From literatures, the incidence of coexistence of brain tumors and intracranial aneurysms is ~0.7-5. Read More

J Neurosurg 2019 Feb 8:1-9. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

OBJECTIVEEndonasal surgery of the skull base requires watertight reconstruction of the skull base that can seal the dural defect to prevent postoperative CSF rhinorrhea and consequent intracranial complications. Although the incidence of CSF leakage has decreased significantly since the introduction in 2006 of the vascularized nasoseptal flap (the Hadad-Bassagasteguy flap), reconstruction of extensive skull base dural defects remains challenging. The authors describe a new, modified vascularized nasoseptal flap for reconstruction of extensive skull base dural defects. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2019 Feb 7;2019. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism.

Intracranial germinomas are rare tumors affecting mostly patients at young age. Therefore, molecular data on its etiopathogenesis are scarce. We present a clinical case of a male patient of 25 years with an intracranial germinoma and a 16p11. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(6):e14380

Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College.

Prolactinoma is one of the most common pituitary tumors, but relatively uncommon in patients under 14 years old. Surgery is the second-line treatment for prolactinoma when patients show resistance or intolerance to medical therapy. There are only a few published series of children who underwent surgery treatment. Read More

Growth Horm IGF Res 2019 Jan 30;45:1-5. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Neurosurgery, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Umuttepe Kocaeli, Turkey.

Purpose: Somatostatin analogues (SSAs) can slow down the growth of neuroendocrine tumors. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Recent studies on patients with acromegaly suggest that SSAs may induce apoptosis, increase autophagy, and decrease cell proliferation of pituitary adenoma. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Apr 23;14(4):439-443. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, 836 W Wellington Ave, Chicago, IL 60657, USA.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 is a rare autosomal dominant disorder classically characterized by a predisposition to tumors of the parathyroid glands, anterior pituitary, and enteropancreatic endocrine cells. We present the clinical details of a patient with diarrhea, nephrolithiasis, erectile dysfunction, and new onset abdominal pain, as well as a discussion of the etiology, pathophysiology, and classical imaging findings of this condition. Read More

J BUON 2018 Dec;23(7):7-10

ENT Department, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.

Aspergillosis, which is saprophytic in nature, is known to cause massive destruction of paranasal sinuses in immunocompromised hosts, but in immunocompetent individuals invasive aspergillosis is rare. Diagnosis is posed from history, physical examination including anterior and posterior rhinoscopy, endoscopy of the nose and paranasal sinuses, radiological findings (CT and/or MRI), fungus cultures and histopathological examination. Non-specific presenting symptoms provide time for infection to extent from sinuses to vital surroundings such as bony, vascular and central nervous system structures, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality. Read More

Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2018 ;82(6):76-81

Moscow Regional Researh and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia.

Benign pituitary tumors are the most common sellar neoplasms. Lesions larger than 39 mm in the maximum dimension are called giant. They are rare, and, therefore, there are few data on the clinical and morphological features of giant pituitary tumors with different hormonal activity. Read More

Oncotarget 2019 Jan 8;10(3):289-312. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russia.

NeuroD1's roles in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas and in the biology of the normal adult pituitary gland have been insufficiently researched. Much of the work investigating its expression patterns has yielded contradictory results.

Objective: morphological study of NeuroD1 transcription factor expression in different types of pituitary adenomas and in normal adult human pituitary glands. Read More

J Neurosurg 2019 Feb;130(2):337-346

2Otorhinolaryngology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; and.

OBJECTIVEEndoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) is a relatively recent addition to the neurosurgical armamentarium. As with many new approaches, there has been significant controversy regarding its value compared with more traditional approaches to ventral skull base pathology. Although early enthusiasm for new approaches that appear less invasive is usually high, these new techniques require rigorous study to ensure that widespread implementation is in the best interest of patients. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 02;122:713-714

Department of Neurological Surgery, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA.

World Neurosurg 2019 02;122:710-712

Department of Neurosurgery, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Nov;32(22):1735-1739

Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospita.

To investigate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic endonasal approach for removal of sellar tumors. The clinical data of 18 patients with sellar tumors undergoing endoscopic endonasal surgery were analyzed retrospectively. This series consisted of ten pituitary adenomas, five craniopharyngiomas, three meningiomas. Read More

Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci 2019 23;161:47-67. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States; Center for Neuroscience Initiative, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States. Electronic address:

X-linked acrogigantism (XLAG) is a recently described early-onset gigantism due to GPR101 duplication that induces growth hormone (GH) oversecretion. GPR101, which belongs to Family A rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors, is predominantly expressed in hypothalamus and pituitary, suggesting that GPR101 might be important in regulating diverse functions such as energy balance and reproduction. Most mammalian GPR101s have extremely long third intracellular loops (ICL3); however, zebrafish GPR101 has a much shorter ICL3, but a longer C-terminus. Read More

J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Background:  Intracranial chondromas are extremely rare and represent only 0.2% of all intracranial primary neoplasms. The histologic appearance lacks nuclear atypism and mitoses, and it usually shows low growth potential, although these benign features do not necessarily imply a good prognosis. Read More

Endocr Pathol 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Pituitary carcinoma is a rare disease, defined by the presence of cerebrospinal or distant metastasis of a pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET). To review our institutional experience of pituitary carcinoma, we searched the database of the UHN Endocrine Oncology Site group and the University Health Network pathology laboratory information system from 2001 to 2016. Among 1055 PitNETs from 1169 transsphenoidal resections, we identified 4 cases of pituitary carcinoma, indicating that pituitary carcinoma represents around 0. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 17;9:814. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

6th Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Metabolomics-the novel science that evaluates the multitude of low-molecular-weight metabolites in a biological system, provides new data on pathogenic mechanisms of diseases, including endocrine tumors. Although development of metabolomic profiling in pituitary disorders is at an early stage, it seems to be a promising approach in the near future in identifying specific disease biomarkers and understanding cellular signaling networks. To review the metabolomic profile and the contributions of metabolomics in pituitary adenomas (PA). Read More

Endokrynol Pol 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to determine which microperimetry and contrast sensitivity test parameters would prove the most valuable during diagnosing optic chiasm compression due to pituitary adenomas.

Methods: Control group comprised healthy individuals (Group 1). Patients with pituitary macroadenoma were divided into two groups: Group 2 - absent optic chiasm compression, Group 3 - present optic chiasm compression detected on contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019 Jan 28:e27631. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Divisions of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Background: Outcomes for childhood brain tumors are now associated with a five-year survival rate of 75%. Endocrine effects of brain tumors are common, occurring in 43% of patients by 10 years from tumor diagnosis. Optimal timing of screening for endocrinopathies remains undefined. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.

Purpose: To investigate whether the evaluation of tumors, lymphoid cell-rich organs, and immune-related adverse events (IRAE) with F-FDG PET/CT can predict the efficacy and outcome of immunotherapy.

Methods: Forty patients who underwent F-FDG-PET/CT scans before and after therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors from December 2013 to December 2016 were retrospectively enrolled (malignant melanoma, n = 21; malignant lymphoma, n = 11; renal cell carcinoma, n = 8). SUVmax of the baseline and first restaging scans were evaluated in tumors, spleen, bone marrow, thyroid and pituitary glands, and were correlated to best overall response in the first year after therapy; IRAE-affected areas were also evaluated. Read More

Front Oncol 2018 10;8:660. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.

To describe the outcome for a cohort of patients with non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFPMA), managed by debulking surgery with radiation therapy delayed until progression. Two hundred and sixty-seven patients were treated surgically for pituitary tumors at our institution between 1997 and 2005. One hundred and twenty-six patients met the inclusion criteria of NFPMA. Read More

J Endocrinol Invest 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

"Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkiralyi Street, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary.

Purpose: Disrupted mitochondrial functions and genetic variants of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been observed in different human neoplasms. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can be used to detect even low heteroplasmy-level mtDNA variants. We aimed to investigate the mitochondrial genome in pituitary adenomas by NGS. Read More

Neuroendocrinology 2019 Jan 24. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Prolactin-secreting tumours (prolactinomas) represent the most common pituitary tumour type, accounting for 47-66% of functional pituitary tumours. Prolactinomas are usually benign and controllable tumours as they express abundant levels of dopamine type 2 receptor (D2), and can be treated with dopaminergic drugs, effectively reducing prolactin levels and tumour volume. However, a proportion of prolactinomas exhibits aggressive features (including invasiveness, relevant growth despite adequate dopamine agonist treatment and recurrent potential) and few may exhibit metastasizing potential (carcinomas). Read More

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Purpose: We investigated the expression of vasopressin receptor 2 and 3 on corticotrophin tumor cells, their role in regulating ACTH secretion, and their potential therapeutic implications.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed 52 hospitalized patients with pathologically confirmed ACTH-secreting tumors. The expression of vasopressin receptor 2 and 3 was explored via qualitative and quantitative immunohistochemistry analyses. Read More

Lakartidningen 2019 Jan 17;116. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Neurokirurgen - Göteborg, Sweden Neurokirurgen - Göteborg, Sweden.

In surgery for brain tumors, the main challenge is to resect the tumor completely without causing injury to surrounding structures. Intraoperative MRI can provide updated information on remaining tumor and the relationship to critical brain structures. We report our initial experiences from an intraoperative 3 T MRI suite from a surgical, radiological and anesthesiological perspective. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 17. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ibn-i Sina Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Objective: The supraorbital keyhole approach through an eyebrow incision has been a potentially less invasive approach as an alternative to the standard pterional craniotomy. We aimed to review procedures for anterior and middle cranial fossa lesions and identify lessons learned from addressing various pathologies through this approach.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 106 consecutive patients who underwent this approach. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Nigeria has the largest population in Africa and has sub-optimal access to neuro-oncology care. It has been estimated that there is approximately 1 neurosurgeon to 2.4 million people in the country, with only few of these trained in the neuro-oncology sub-specialty and no dedicated medical or radiation neurooncologists. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(3):e14101

Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shuaifuyuan 1, Dong Cheng District, Beijing 100730, China.

Rationale: There are some reports about hypoxemia related to hypopituitarism. However, little is known about the relationship between growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and hypoxemia.

Patients Concerns: A 23-year-old female presented with severe hypoxemia after the operations of craniopharyngioma. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 Jan 12;17(1):51-56. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China.

Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors mainly located in the sellar/parasellar region. They may be classified into two major histological subtypes, which exhibit clinical and pathological differences: Adamantinomatous CP (ACP) and papillary CP (PCP). The aim of the present study was to compare the neuroendocrine dysfunction between ACP and PCP prior to and after surgical resection. Read More

Minerva Endocrinol 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain -

Acromegaly is a chronic systemic disease mainly caused by a growth hormone (GH)- secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNETs), which is associated with many health complications and increased mortality when not adequately treated. Transsphenoidal surgery is considered the treatment of choice in GH-secreting PitNETs, but patients in whom surgery cannot be considered or with persistent disease after surgery require medical therapy. Treatment with available synthetic somatostatin analogues (SSAs) is considered the mainstay in the medical management of acromegaly which exert their beneficial effects through the binding to a family of G-protein coupled receptors encoded by 5 genes (SSTR1- 5). Read More

Neuro Oncol 2019 Jan;21(Supplement_1):i44-i61

Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

The archetypal imaging characteristics of meningiomas are among the most stereotypic of all central nervous system (CNS) tumors. In the era of plain film and ventriculography, imaging was only performed if a mass was suspected, and their results were more suggestive than definitive. Following more than a century of technological development, we can now rely on imaging to non-invasively diagnose meningioma with great confidence and precisely delineate the locations of these tumors relative to their surrounding structures to inform treatment planning. Read More

Neuro Oncol 2019 Jan;21(Supplement_1):i4-i17

Division of Neurosurgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial neoplasm. The current World Health Organization (WHO) classification categorizes meningiomas based on histopathological features, but emerging molecular data demonstrate the importance of genomic and epigenomic factors in the clinical behavior of these tumors. Treatment options for symptomatic meningiomas are limited to surgical resection where possible and adjuvant radiation therapy for tumors with concerning histopathological features or recurrent disease. Read More

Neuro Oncol 2019 Jan;21(Supplement_1):i18-i31

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.

Surgery has long been established as the first-line treatment for the majority of symptomatic and enlarging meningiomas, and evidence for its success is derived from retrospective case series. Despite surgical resection, a subset of meningiomas display aggressive behavior with early recurrences that are difficult to treat. The decision to radically resect meningiomas and involved structures is balanced against the risk for neurological injury in patients. Read More

Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2019 Jan 11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: During transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for a pituitary adenoma with a large suprasellar extension, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage commonly develops from a defect in the arachnoid recess or the arachnoid membrane.

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of a newly developed clipping technique for the repair of intraoperative CSF leakage.

Methods: Between September 2012 and November 2016, 698 patients with pituitary adenoma were operated on with TSS. Read More

Ther Clin Risk Manag 2019 28;15:65-72. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Department of Neurosurgery and Pituitary Tumor Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,

Purpose: To investigate the incidence and risk factors for early repolarization (ER) in patients with growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas.

Methods: From August 2014 to August 2016, patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenomas and non-functioning pituitary adenomas admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, were prospectively enrolled. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate risk factors for ER development. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr 2019 Jan 11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Hospital Lluís Alcanyís, Xàtiva, Universitat de València, València, España.

Front Horm Res 2019 19;51:40-51. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Individuals with a familial predisposition to the development of parathyroid tumors constitute a small minority of all patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). These familial syndromes exhibit Mendelian inheritance patterns and the main causative genes in most families have been identified. They include multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN; types 1, 2A, and 4), hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor (HPT-JT) syndrome, familial isolated hyperparathyroidism, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH), and neonatal severe PHPT. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 10. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No.440. Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, China. Electronic address:

Background: Invasive pituitary adenomas often recurred after postoperative radiotherapy and are difficult to treat. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating cytostaticum and has been reported to reduce pituitary tumor size and hormone hypersecretion, However, this is far from enough. Pituitary adenomas have relatively high expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. Read More

Pituitary 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.

Purpose: To explore the clinical characteristics of pituitary adenomas in patients with MEN1 and to summarize treatment strategies for MEN1 in a Chinese population.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 54 MEN1 patients with pituitary adenomas diagnosed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 2003 to January 2017. Clinical data, laboratory testing results, treatments of involved glands and treatment responses were collected and analyzed. Read More

J Pathol Transl Med 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.

Background: Pathologic diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms is made by comparing light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and molecular cytogenetic findings with clinicoradiologic observations. Intraoperative frozen cytology smears can improve the diagnostic accuracy for CNS neoplasms. Here, we evaluate the diagnostic value of cytology in frozen diagnoses of CNS neoplasms. Read More

Annu Rev Public Health 2019 Jan 11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.

Mobile phones (MPs) are the most relevant source of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure to the brain and the salivary gland. Whether this exposure implies a cancer risk has been addressed in several case-control and few cohort studies. A meta-analysis of these studies does not show increased risks for meningioma, pituitary, and salivary gland tumors. Read More

J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2019 Jan 31;62(1):114-122. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Objective: Silent corticotroph adenomas (SCA) are endocrine-inactive pituitary adenomas with positive immunohistochemistry staining for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). We investigated whether SCA-associated clinical profiles were more aggressive than hormonally negative adenomas (HNA).

Methods: Among 627 patients with pathologically proven endocrine-inactive pituitary adenomas between 2004 and 2013, positive immunohistochemistry revealed 55 SCAs and 411 HNAs. Read More

Int J Endocrinol 2018 9;2018:1763735. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Center for CNS Tumors, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tuebingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tuebingen, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Germany.

The development of somatostatin analogs for the treatment of pituitary Cushing's disease has been based on somatostatin receptor expression analyses of small cohorts of pituitary adenomas. Additionally, the classification of pituitary adenomas has recently changed. To enable progress with this treatment option, we assessed somatostatin receptors in a large cohort of corticotroph and other pituitary adenomas according to the new WHO classification of endocrine tumors. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 Jan 8. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.

Context: Aggressive prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas that are resistant to conventional therapy with dopamine agonists, surgery, and radiation pose a therapeutic challenge. The mTOR inhibitor everolimus is approved to treat neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and co-treatment with the somatostatin receptor ligand octreotide improved median progression free survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic NETs.

Case Description: We describe off-label everolimus treatment of a prolactinoma (PRLoma) refractory to cabergoline, repeat surgical resection and radiation therapy. Read More

J Endocr Soc 2019 Jan 16;3(1):181-200. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Diabetic Remission Clinic, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, United Kingdom.

The prevalence of GH-secreting pituitary tumors in domestic cats () is 10-fold greater than in humans. The predominant inhibitory receptors of GH-secreting pituitary tumors are somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) and D dopamine receptor (DRD2). The expression of these receptors is associated with the response to somatostatin analog and dopamine agonist treatment in human patients with acromegaly. Read More