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Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.

Purpose: Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recommended to identify the existence of intracranial lesions in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP). Yet, the routine MRI scan in girls with CPP is still debatable, as the pathological finding in girls with CPP older than six years is limited. Therefore, we aimed to identify the prevalence of brain lessons stratified by age group (0-2, 2-6, and 6-8 years). Read More

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.

Objectives: Endocrinopathy can occur as a postoperative sequel in children treated for supratentorial tumors (STTs). We assessed prediction of a residual hypothalamic/pituitary insufficiency (HPI) in these patients and factors associated with prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS).

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of children who had surgery for STTs in two tertiary centers in Saudi Arabia (2009-2019). Read More

Dis Markers 2022 7;2022:8099595. Epub 2022 May 7.

Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou Henan, China.

. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a painful, persistent feeling of physical and cognitive subjective fatigue related to cancer or cancer remedy. The occurrence of CRF may be related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenaline (HPA) axis, inflammatory mediator theory, and gut microbiota. Read More

J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2021 Aug 28;82(4):410-416. Epub 2019 Nov 28.

School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.

 The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has been shown to be an effective means to access sellar lesions. However, there are limited studies centered on evaluating olfactory function after surgery. In this study, we assessed the pre- and postoperative olfactory function of patients who underwent EEA for sellar and suprasellar lesions. Read More

J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2021 Aug 19;82(4):401-409. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

 Recently the endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) has been introduced as a modality for the treatment of patients with craniopharyngiomas. In this study, we describe our initial experience in treatment of 29 patients with craniopharyngiomas using this approach.  Twenty-nine consecutive patients with craniopharyngiomas who had undergone EES in a 5-year period were studied retrospectively. Read More

J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2021 Aug 1;82(4):425-431. Epub 2020 Jul 1.

Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom.

 Postoperative meningitis is a rare but potentially fatal complication of endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. Prophylactic antibiotic use varies considerably worldwide. We sought to analyze the safety of a single-agent, single-dose protocol. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 13;14(4):e24100. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed To Be University), Wardha, IND.

Pituitary adenomas are benign, single, monoclonal slow-growing neoplasms usually related to chemical overproduction. A pituitary adenoma is the third most common intracranial tumor, with the first two being glioma and meningioma. Double pituitary adenoma is an infrequently occurring case and is characterized as occurrence of two adenomas in the single pituitary gland, both having typical immunohistochemical and histopathological highlights. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2022 5;2022:1380485. Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of various cancer types; however, their roles in the development of invasive pituitary adenomas (PAs) remain to be investigated.

Methods: lncRNA microarray analysis was performed for three invasive and three noninvasive PAs. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed, and coexpression networks between lncRNA and mRNA were constructed. Read More

Neurooncol Adv 2022 Jan-Dec;4(1):vdac039. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Background: Patients with recurrent brain metastases who have exhausted external radiation options pose a treatment challenge in the setting of advances in systemic disease control which have improved quality of life and survival. Brachytherapy holds promise as salvage therapy given its ability to enforce surgical cytoreduction and minimize regional toxicity. This study investigates the role of salvage brachytherapy in maintaining local control for recurrent metastatic lesions. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 May 14;12(1):7998. Epub 2022 May 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium.

Various surgical methods to prevent postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks during transsphenoidal surgery have been reported. However, comparative studies are scarce. We aimed to compare the efficacy of a fibrin-coated collagen fleece (TachoSil) versus a dural sealant (DuraSeal) to prevent postoperative CSF leakage. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 May 4;23(9). Epub 2022 May 4.

Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary.

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) are common intracranial neoplasms. While in case of hormone secreting tumors pituitary hormone measurements can be used for monitoring the disease, in non-functional tumors there is a need to discover non-invasive biomarkers. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are popular biomarker candidates due to their stability and tissue specificity. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Apr 27;23(9). Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Unidad de Investigación Medica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico.

Corticotroph cells give rise to aggressive and rare pituitary neoplasms comprising ACTH-producing adenomas resulting in Cushing disease (CD), clinically silent ACTH adenomas (SCA), Crooke cell adenomas (CCA) and ACTH-producing carcinomas (CA). The molecular pathogenesis of these tumors is still poorly understood. To better understand the genomic landscape of all the lesions of the corticotroph lineage, we sequenced the whole exome of three SCA, one CCA, four ACTH-secreting PA causing CD, one corticotrophinoma occurring in a CD patient who developed Nelson syndrome after adrenalectomy and one patient with an ACTH-producing CA. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 May 6:101668. Epub 2022 May 6.

Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan; Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been recently proposed as a strategy for treating anti-malignant neoplasms. However, this treatment leads to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) such as autoimmune endocrinopathy. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of ICI-related hypophysitis are essential as it can manifest as a life-threatening condition due to an adrenal crisis. Read More

Endocr Connect 2022 May 1. Epub 2022 May 1.

Y Zhao, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Introduction: Most studies reporting posterior pituitary tumors (PPTs) are small case series or single cases.

Methods: Patients with a histological diagnosis of PPT from January 2010 to December 2021 in a tertiary center were identified. We reported clinical symptoms, endocrine assessments, radiological and pathological features, and surgical outcomes of PPTs. Read More

Pituitary 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Ophthalmology Department, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, 300 Grattan St, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia.

Purpose: The prognostic value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macular ganglion cell layer (mGGL) versus peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layers (pRNFL) following chiasmal decompression is unclear. This study is the largest comparison of the two parameters to date and aims to clarify how their performance as covariates compare in predictive models of long-term visual outcomes following pituitary or parasellar tumour surgical resection.

Methods: This was a prospective, two-year, longitudinal cohort study in a single centre tertiary hospital setting. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 25;13:837025. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term outcomes and safety of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (ETS) in recurrent and residual pituitary adenomas (rrPAs), as well as the predictors of gross total resection (GTR) and intraoperative CSF leakage. Furthermore, to compare outcomes and complications with non-rrPAs cohort.

Methods: Clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with rrPAs who underwent ETS were collected between 2017 and 2020. Read More

Neurosurgery 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

Background And Importance: Aggressive pituitary adenomas (APAs) are pituitary tumors that are refractory to standard treatments and carry a poor prognosis. Current treatment guidelines are not standardized but combine surgical resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Temozolomide is the only chemotherapeutic agent with documented effectiveness and is recommended for APA in European Society of Endocrinology clinical guidelines. Read More

World J Surg Oncol 2022 May 10;20(1):149. Epub 2022 May 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, Pituitary Adenoma Multidisciplinary Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China.

Background: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) and hemangiopericytoma (HPC) are rare mesenchymal tumors in the central nervous system with a high tendency to relapse, having a significant impact on quality of life (QoL). Due to the rarity of intracranial SFT/HPC, the prognostic factors and optimal treatment remain to be elucidated. Meanwhile, quality of life in patients with intracranial SFT/HPC is seldomly concerned. Read More

World J Surg Oncol 2022 May 10;20(1):151. Epub 2022 May 10.

Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.

Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominant tumor syndrome with a high degree of heterogeneity in clinical phenotypes, generally involving the parathyroid, anterior pituitary, and enteropancreas. In recent years, several new insights into the clinical features of MEN1 have been reported in the literature. However, it is not clear whether MEN1-associated primary tumors can occur in the liver. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) 2022 May 7. Epub 2022 May 7.

Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.

Introduction: Serum cortisol levels within the first days after pituitary surgery have been shown to be a predictor of post-surgical adrenal insufficiency. However, the indication of empirical glucocorticoids to avoid this complication remains controversial. The objective is to assess the role of cortisol in the early postoperative period as a predictor of long-term corticotropic function according to the pituitary perisurgical protocol with corticosteroid replacement followed in our center. Read More

J Neurosurg 2022 Apr 29:1-12. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Objective: Decision-making in how to manage pituitary adenomas (PAs) in the elderly (age ≥ 65 years) can be challenging given the benign nature of these tumors and concerns about surgical morbidity in these patients. In this study involving a large multicenter national registry, the authors examined treatment trends and surgical outcomes in elderly compared to nonelderly patients.

Methods: The National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) was queried for adults aged ≥ 18 years with PA diagnosed by MRI (in observed cases) or pathology (in surgical cases) from 2004 to 2016. Read More

Neurol India 2022 Mar-Apr;70(2):600-605

Department of Endocrinology (Pediatric), Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Background: Craniopharyngiomas are associated with long-term morbidity in the form of hormone deficiencies, visual deficits, and hypothalamic obesity.

Objective: To study the long-term outcomes, including cure rates, endocrine dysfunction, visual dysfunction, hypothalamic obesity, and mortality in pediatric-onset craniopharyngiomas.

Methods: A retrospective data analysis of pediatric (onset <18 years) craniopharyngioma diagnosed between 2003 and 2018. Read More

Neurol India 2022 Mar-Apr;70(2):563-573

Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.

Background: The challenges associated with surgeries of cavernous sinus (CS) lesions have shifted the management trend towards upfront gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS). Although GKRS is effective in arresting the progression of certain small residual/recurrent lesions, its efficacy in alleviating neurological deficits is less evident. Furthermore, GKRS without establishing the histopathological diagnosis, at times can be detrimental. Read More

Neurol India 2022 Mar-Apr;70(2):478-484

Department of Neurosurgery, Rainbow Children's Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Prof B Ramamurthi was a pioneer of Indian neurosurgery and a major force in the development of Indian neuroscience. Founding the Madras Institute of Neurology and later the A Lakshmipathi Neurosurgical Centre (ALNC), both at Madras (or Chennai as it is now called), he developed centres of excellence in his career that spanned over five decades. During this period of time he made Madras, a destination for neurosurgery and neuroscience. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 7;14(4):e23928. Epub 2022 Apr 7.

Radiosurgery, International Cancer Center, Diagnostic Hospital, San Salvador, SLV.

Introduction The complex anatomy of the cavernous sinus confers a true challenge when it comes to safe tumor resection. Due to its non-invasive nature, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is expected to have lower mortality and morbidity rates than microsurgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical results regarding visual symptoms after SRS for benign tumors invading the cavernous sinus. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 21;13:864780. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

The small RWD domain-containing protein called RSUME or RWDD3 was cloned from pituitary tumor cells with increasing tumorigenic and angiogenic proficiency. RSUME expression is induced under hypoxia or heat shock and is upregulated, at several pathophysiological stages, in tissues like pituitary, kidney, heart, pancreas, or adrenal gland. To date, several factors with essential roles in endocrine-related cancer appear to be modulated by RWDD3. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 22;13:748152. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.

Objective: Circulating miRNAs are found in bodily fluids including plasma and can serve as biomarkers for diseases. The aim of this study was to provide the first insight into the landscape of circulating miRNAs in close proximity to the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secreting PitNET. To achieve this objective next-generation sequencing of miRNAs in plasma from bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) - a gold standard in diagnosing ACTH-secreting PitNETs was carried out and selected miRNA candidates were further tested by RT-qPCR in independent patient cohorts. Read More

J Neuroinflammation 2022 May 7;19(1):108. Epub 2022 May 7.

Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Introduction: The mechanism by which adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) damages the hypothalamus is still unclear. Cyst fluid rich in lipids and inflammatory factors is a characteristic pathological manifestation of ACP and may play a very important role in hypothalamic injury caused by tumors.

Objective: The objective of this study was to construct a reliable animal model of ACP cyst fluid-induced hypothalamic injury and explore the specific mechanism of hypothalamic injury caused by cyst fluid. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 Apr 26:101663. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Nara Medical University, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Japan. Electronic address:

Recent advances in tumor immunology have enabled to develop immune checkpoint inhibitors and to save many patients with advanced cancer. Various endocrine diseases are caused by autoimmune mechanisms; it is important to understand that many endocrine organs are targeted by autoimmunity. In addition, some of malignant tumors ectopically produce hormones and lead to a clinically relevant ectopic hormone syndrome as an endocrine paraneoplastic syndrome. Read More

EJNMMI Res 2022 May 7;12(1):26. Epub 2022 May 7.

Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.

Background: Pituitary adenomas (PA) affect ~ 1:1200 of the population and can cause a wide range of symptoms due to hormone over-secretion, loss of normal pituitary gland function and/or compression of visual pathways, resulting in significantly impaired quality of life. Surgery is potentially curative if the location of the adenoma can be determined. However, standard structural (anatomical) imaging, in the form of MRI, is unable to locate all tumors, especially microadenomas (< 1 cm diameter). Read More